KR20040027456A - 합성가스의 제조 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
합성가스의 제조 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040027456A KR20040027456A KR1020030066966A KR20030066966A KR20040027456A KR 20040027456 A KR20040027456 A KR 20040027456A KR 1020030066966 A KR1020030066966 A KR 1020030066966A KR 20030066966 A KR20030066966 A KR 20030066966A KR 20040027456 A KR20040027456 A KR 20040027456A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001193 catalytic steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0238—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a carbon dioxide reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0816—Heating by flames
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1011—Packed bed of catalytic structures, e.g. particles, packing elements
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1035—Catalyst coated on equipment surfaces, e.g. reactor walls
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- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
- C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
- C01B2203/143—Three or more reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
종래 | 발명 | |
최초의 개질기 효율, Gcal/h | 40.3 | 33.6 |
재가열 코일 효율, Gcal/h | 5.3 | 없음 |
가열 코일 수증기 개질기 장치 효율, Gcal/h | 없음 | 12.0 |
총 개질 효율, Gcal/h | 45.6 | 45.6 |
연도가스 플로, Nm3/h | 105166 | 92054 |
폐열 보일러 효율, Gcal/h | 9.8 | 2.0 |
Claims (9)
- (a) 연소 관형 개질기로부터의 연도가스-함유 폐열 섹션과 통합된 가열 수증기 개질 장치에서 탄화수소와 수증기 및/또는 CO2의 반응 혼합물을 가열하는 단계로서, 반응 혼합물의 개질이 고체 개질 촉매와의 접촉에 의해 일어나는 단계,(b) 부분적으로 수증기 개질된 혼합물을 연소 관형 개질기에 공급하고, 그 혼합물을 원하는 조성 및 온도로 더 개질하는 단계를 포함하며,여기에서, 가열 수증기 개질 장치는 촉매 펠릿 및/또는 촉매작용 구조화 요소를 포함하는 고체 개질 촉매를 갖는 반응 섹션을 함유하는 배관 시스템을 포함하고, 배관 시스템은 연도가스-함유 폐열 섹션과 통합된 공정가스 배관 시스템의 일부인 것을 특징으로 하는 탄화수소 공급원료의 촉매 수증기 및/또는 CO2개질에 의한 합성가스의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가열 수증기 개질 장치가 고체 개질 촉매를 갖거나 또는 갖지 않는 가열 섹션 및 수증기 개질 촉매층으로 코팅된 촉매작용 구조화 요소를 함유하는 단열 반응 섹션으로 이루어지며, 두 섹션 모두가 연도가스-함유 폐열 섹션과 통합된 공정가스 배관 시스템의 일부인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가열 수증기 개질 장치가 촉매 펠릿을 갖는 가열 반응 섹션들로 이루어지고, 가열 섹션은 연도가스-함유 폐열 섹션과 통합된 공정가스 배관 시스템의 일부인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1 항, 제 2 항 또는 제 3 항에 있어서, 탄화수소와 수증기 및/또는 CO2의 반응 혼합물을 가열 단계 (a)에 앞서서 예비-개질하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1 항, 제 2 항 또는 제 3 항에 있어서, 구조화 요소가 단일체이거나 또는 교차-파형인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 수증기 및/또는 이산화탄소를 단열 반응 섹션에 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1 항, 제 2 항, 제 3 항 또는 제 4 항에 있어서, 반응 섹션이 관의 벽에 부착된 수증기 개질 촉매 또는 관의 벽에 부착된 구조물에 부착된 촉매를 더 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- (a) 탄화수소와 수증기 및/또는 CO2의 혼합물을 선택적으로 예비-개질하기 위한 단열 예비-개질기,(b) 탄화수소와 수증기 및/또는 CO2의 혼합물 또는 예비-개질된 혼합물의 가열을 위한 연도가스-함유 폐열 섹션을 갖는 연소 관형 개질기,(c) 연소 관형 개질기로부터의 연도가스-함유 폐열 섹션과 통합된 가열 수증기 개질 장치를 포함하며,여기에서, 가열 수증기 개질 장치는 촉매 펠릿 및/또는 촉매작용 구조화 요소를 포함하는 고체 개질 촉매를 갖는 반응 섹션을 함유하는 배관 시스템을 포함하고, 배관 시스템은 연도가스-함유 폐열 섹션과 통합된 공정가스 배관 시스템의 일부인 것을 특징으로 하는 제 1 항에 따른 합성가스의 제조 장치.
- 제 8 항에 있어서, 고체 촉매가 가열 수증기 개질 장치의 가열 반응 섹션 및/또는 단열 반응 섹션내에 놓여진 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA200201431 | 2002-09-26 | ||
DKPA200201431 | 2002-09-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR20040027456A true KR20040027456A (ko) | 2004-04-01 |
KR101044621B1 KR101044621B1 (ko) | 2011-06-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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KR1020030066966A Expired - Lifetime KR101044621B1 (ko) | 2002-09-26 | 2003-09-26 | 합성가스의 제조 방법 및 장치 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7094363B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1403215B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP4959105B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101044621B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1328153C (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2003248394B2 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2442493C (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2405587T3 (ko) |
NO (1) | NO336969B1 (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2354608C2 (ko) |
ZA (1) | ZA200307449B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (24)
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US8177868B2 (en) | 2002-01-04 | 2012-05-15 | Meggitt (Uk) Limited | Reforming apparatus and method |
US7967878B2 (en) | 2002-01-04 | 2011-06-28 | Meggitt (Uk) Limited | Reformer apparatus and method |
US7377951B2 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2008-05-27 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process to utilize low-temperature waste heat for the preparation of synthesis gas |
US7504048B2 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2009-03-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Axial convective reformer |
ATE549305T1 (de) * | 2006-01-23 | 2012-03-15 | Saudi Basic Ind Corp Inc | Verfahren zur herstellung von ethylen aus naturgas mit wärmeintegration |
US7740751B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2010-06-22 | Uop Llc | Process for heating a stream for a hydrocarbon conversion process |
US20080110801A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Leon Yuan | Process For Heating A Hydrocarbon Stream Entering A Reaction Zone With A Heater Convection Section |
US7501078B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2009-03-10 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process for generating synthesis gas using catalyzed structured packing |
US7862633B2 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2011-01-04 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method and system for introducing fuel oil into a steam reformer with reduced carbon deposition |
US20080260631A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-23 | H2Gen Innovations, Inc. | Hydrogen production process |
US7906559B2 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2011-03-15 | University Of Southern California | Conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol and/or dimethyl ether using bi-reforming of methane or natural gas |
US7790059B2 (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2010-09-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Staged hydrocarbon/steam reformer apparatus and method |
US8282814B2 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-10-09 | Uop Llc | Fired heater for a hydrocarbon conversion process |
EP2419375B1 (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2016-04-06 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Process for producing a hydrogen-containing product gas |
WO2012112065A1 (ru) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | "Крено Инвест Са" | Способ и устройство для получения синтез - газа |
DE102012019382A1 (de) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Anlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Synthesegas |
RU2736976C2 (ru) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-11-23 | Хальдор Топсёэ А/С | Получение со-обогащенного синтез-газа |
US10537867B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2020-01-21 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Optimized reactor configuration for optimal performance of the aromax catalyst for aromatics synthesis |
US10633603B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2020-04-28 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Optimized reactor configuration for optimal performance of the aromax catalyst for aromatics synthesis |
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2003
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- 2003-09-11 ES ES03020672T patent/ES2405587T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-09-25 CA CA2442493A patent/CA2442493C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-25 JP JP2003334056A patent/JP4959105B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2003-09-25 RU RU2003128598/04A patent/RU2354608C2/ru active
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RU2354608C2 (ru) | 2009-05-10 |
NO336969B1 (no) | 2015-12-07 |
AU2003248394B2 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
CN1328153C (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
RU2003128598A (ru) | 2005-03-27 |
AU2003248394A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
NO20034283D0 (no) | 2003-09-25 |
CA2442493A1 (en) | 2004-03-26 |
NO20034283L (no) | 2004-03-29 |
ES2405587T3 (es) | 2013-05-31 |
US20040065014A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
US7094363B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 |
ZA200307449B (en) | 2004-07-06 |
EP1403215B1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
EP1403215A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
JP4959105B2 (ja) | 2012-06-20 |
CN1496956A (zh) | 2004-05-19 |
KR101044621B1 (ko) | 2011-06-29 |
US20060143984A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
US7547332B2 (en) | 2009-06-16 |
CA2442493C (en) | 2011-05-03 |
JP2004269345A (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
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