KR102585447B1 - 전극용 보호층 - Google Patents
전극용 보호층 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102585447B1 KR102585447B1 KR1020177035428A KR20177035428A KR102585447B1 KR 102585447 B1 KR102585447 B1 KR 102585447B1 KR 1020177035428 A KR1020177035428 A KR 1020177035428A KR 20177035428 A KR20177035428 A KR 20177035428A KR 102585447 B1 KR102585447 B1 KR 102585447B1
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- ionically conductive
- electrochemical cell
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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Abstract
Description
도 1a는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 하부 층에 배치된 이온 전도성 층의 개략도를 도시한다.
도 1b는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 하부 층에 배치된 이온 전도성 층의 또 다른 개략도를 도시한다.
도 1c는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 하부 층 및 전해질 층에 배치된 이온 전도성 층의 개략도를 도시한다.
도 2(2a 및 2b)는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 전극 구조의 제조 방법의 개략도를 도시한다.
도 3a는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 이온 전도성 층의 SEM 영상 단면도를 도시한다.
도 3b는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 도 3a에서 이온 전도성 층의 SEM 영상의 또 다른 단면도를 도시한다.
도 3c 및 3d는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 도 3a 및 3b에서 이온 전도성 층의 하향식 SEM 전망도를 나타낸다.
도 4a 내지 4c는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 또 다른 이온 전도성 층의 SEM 영상의 단면도를 나타낸다.
도 5a 내지 5c는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 또 다른 이온 전도성 층의 하향식 SEM 전망도를 나타낸다.
도 5d는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 도 5a 내지 5c에서 이온 전도성 층의 SEM 영상의 단면도를 나타낸다.
도 6a 및 6b는 하나의 실시양태에 따른, 이온 전도성 층의 하향식 SEM 전망도를 나타낸다.
Claims (103)
- 제 1 층; 및
상기 제 1 층 상에 배치되는 제 2 층
을 포함하는 전기화학 전지로서,
상기 제 2 층은 다수의 입자를 포함하고 무공성(non-porous)이며,
상기 다수의 입자가 이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고,
상기 다수의 입자의 적어도 일부가 상기 제 1 층 내에 적어도 부분적으로 함입되고,
상기 다수의 입자의 적어도 일부가 서로 융합되고,
상기 제 2 층이 10-6 S/cm 내지 10-2 S/cm의 이온 전도성 및 0.5 ㎛ 내지 50 ㎛의 평균 두께를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 층; 및
상기 제 1 층 상에 배치되는 제 2 층
을 포함하는 전기화학 전지로서,
상기 제 2 층은 다수의 입자를 포함하고, 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고,
상기 이온 전도성 물질의 적어도 일부가 결정질이고,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 상기 제 2 층의 85 중량% 초과의 양으로 상기 제 2 층에 존재하고,
상기 다수의 입자의 적어도 일부가 서로 융합되고,
상기 제 2 층이 10-6 S/cm 내지 10-2 S/cm의 이온 전도성 및 0.5 ㎛ 내지 50 ㎛의 평균 두께를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 층;
상기 제 1 층 상에 배치된 제 2 층; 및
액체 전해질
을 포함하는 전기화학 전지로서,
상기 제 2 층이 0.5 ㎛ 초과의 입자 크기를 갖는 다수의 입자를 포함하고, 상기 제 2 층이 10-6 S/cm 내지 10-2 S/cm의 이온 전도성 및 0.5 ㎛ 내지 50 ㎛의 평균 두께를 갖고, 상기 제 2 층이 상기 액체 전해질에 불투과성이고,
상기 다수의 입자가 이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고,
상기 다수의 입자의 적어도 일부가 서로 융합되는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층의 10 부피% 이상이, 이온 전도성 물질을 포함하는 하나 이상의 연속 경로를 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 10-5 S/cm 내지 10-3 S/cm의 이온 전도성을 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 3 ㎛ 내지 25 ㎛의 평균 두께를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자가 0.5 ㎛ 내지 20 ㎛의 평균 최대 횡단면 치수를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자의 50% 이상이 서로 융합된, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고,
상기 이온 전도성 물질 대 상기 비-이온 전도성 물질의 중량비가 적어도 80:20인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 무기 물질을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 세라믹을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 세라믹을 포함하고, 상기 세라믹이 가넷인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질의 적어도 일부가 결정질인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질의 1% 내지 99%가 결정질인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 1 GPa 이상의 영 탄성 계수(Young's elastic modulus)를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고,
상기 비-이온 전도성 물질이 상기 이온 전도성 물질보다 2배 이상 작은 영 탄성 계수를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 비-이온 전도성 물질이 중합체를 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고,
상기 비-이온 전도성 물질이 무기 물질을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 1.5 내지 6 g/㎤의 밀도를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 5% 미만의 공극률을 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 상기 제 2 층 총 중량에 대해 1 중량% 미만의 액체 전해질을 흡수하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 중합체를 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 중합체를 포함하고,
상기 중합체가 중합체 겔이거나, 액체 전해질에 노출될 때 중합체 겔을 형성하는 것인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 리튬 금속을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이, 상기 전기화학 전지에 사용될 전해질에 용해될 수 있는 물질로 형성된 것인, 전기화학 전지. - 전기화학 전지에 사용하기 위한 물품의 형성 방법으로서,
제 1 물질을 포함하는 제 1 층을, 200 m/s 이상의 속도를 갖는 다수의 입자에 노출시키는 단계로서, 상기 다수의 입자는 상기 제 1 물질과 상이한 제 2 물질을 포함하고, 다수의 입자의 적어도 일부가 서로 융합되는, 단계;
상기 입자의 적어도 일부를 상기 제 1 층에 함입하는 단계; 및
상기 제 2 물질을 포함하고 10-6 S/cm 내지 10-2 S/cm의 이온 전도성을 갖는 제 2 층을 형성하는 단계
를 포함하는, 방법. - 전기화학 전지에 사용하기 위한 물품의 형성 방법으로서,
제 1 물질을 포함하는 제 1 층을, 입자들의 적어도 일부의 융합을 야기하기에 충분한 속도를 갖고 제 2 물질을 포함하는 다수의 입자에 노출시키는 단계;
상기 입자의 적어도 일부를 상기 제 1 층에 함입하는 단계; 및
상기 제 2 물질을 포함하고 10-6 S/cm 내지 10-2 S/cm의 이온 전도성을 갖는 제 2 층을 형성하는 단계
를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자의 적어도 일부를 융합하는 단계를 포함하는 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자로부터 연속적인 이온 전도성 경로를 형성하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층을 상기 다수의 입자에 노출시키는 것이, 에어로졸 침착을 사용하여 상기 제 1 층 상에 상기 다수의 입자를 분무함을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 노출 단계가 10 mTorr 이상의 압력에서 수행되는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 노출 단계가 500℃ 미만의 온도에서 수행되는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층을 500 m/s 이상 2000 m/s 이하의 속도를 갖는 다수의 입자에 노출시킴을 포함하는 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층의 10 부피% 이상 또는 30 부피% 이상이 하나 이상의 연속 경로를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 10-5 S/cm 내지 10-3 S/cm의 이온 전도성을 갖는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 3 ㎛ 내지 25 ㎛의 평균 두께를 갖는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자가 0.5 ㎛ 내지 20 ㎛의 평균 최대 횡단면 치수를 갖는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자의 50% 이상이 서로 융합되는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 물질이 이온 전도성 물질을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고, 상기 이온 전도성 물질 대 상기 비-이온 전도성 물질의 중량비가 적어도 80:20, 적어도 85:15, 적어도 90:10 또는 적어도 95:5인, 방법. - 제 43 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 무기 물질을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 43 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 세라믹을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 43 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 세라믹을 포함하고, 상기 세라믹이 가넷인, 방법. - 제 43 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질의 적어도 일부가 결정질인, 방법. - 제 43 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질의 1% 내지 99%가 결정질인, 방법. - 제 43 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도성 물질이 1 GPa 이상의 영 탄성 계수를 갖는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 이온 전도성 물질 및 비-이온 전도성 물질을 포함하고, 상기 비-이온 전도성 물질이 상기 이온 전도성 물질보다 2배 이상 작은 영 탄성 계수를 갖는, 방법. - 제 50 항에 있어서,
상기 비-이온 전도성 물질이 중합체를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 50 항에 있어서,
상기 비-이온 전도성 물질이 무기 물질을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 1.5 내지 6 g/㎤의 밀도를 갖는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 5% 미만의 공극률을 갖는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자의 1% 이상이 상기 제 1 층 내에 적어도 부분적으로 함입되는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 입자가 상기 제 2 층 총 중량에 대해 80 중량% 내지 99.9 중량%의 양으로 상기 제 2 층에 존재하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 액체 전해질에 노출될 때, 상기 제 2 층이 상기 제 2 층 총 중량에 대해 1 중량% 미만의 액체 전해질을 흡수하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 중합체를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 58 항에 있어서,
상기 중합체가 중합체 겔이거나, 액체 전해질에 노출될 때 중합체 겔을 형성하는 것인, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 전기활성 물질을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 리튬 금속을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 분리막(separator)인, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 다공성인, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이 무공성인, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 층이, 상기 전기화학 전지에 사용될 전해질에 용해될 수 있는 물질로 형성되는, 방법. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 층이 상기 액체 전해질에 불투과성인, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 입자의 적어도 일부에 대하여, 서로 융합된 입자 내에서 입자의 원래 표면이 인식되지 않는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 28 항 또는 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 입자의 적어도 일부에 대하여, 서로 융합된 입자 내에서 입자의 원래 표면이 인식되지 않는, 방법. - 삭제
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CN107848247A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
US11239504B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
US10461372B2 (en) | 2019-10-29 |
US20220190396A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
JP6964003B2 (ja) | 2021-11-10 |
US20200099108A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
WO2016187510A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
JP2018518803A (ja) | 2018-07-12 |
US10535902B2 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
US20160344067A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
KR20180000726A (ko) | 2018-01-03 |
US20170018815A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
CN107848247B (zh) | 2021-06-01 |
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