KR102479726B1 - 전극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 전극 및 이차전지, 및 상기 전극 활물질의 제조방법 - Google Patents
전극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 전극 및 이차전지, 및 상기 전극 활물질의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102479726B1 KR102479726B1 KR1020150147539A KR20150147539A KR102479726B1 KR 102479726 B1 KR102479726 B1 KR 102479726B1 KR 1020150147539 A KR1020150147539 A KR 1020150147539A KR 20150147539 A KR20150147539 A KR 20150147539A KR 102479726 B1 KR102479726 B1 KR 102479726B1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 일 구현예에 따른 이차입자형 전극 활물질의 구조를 나타낸 모식도이다.
도 3은 일 구현예에 따른 리튬 이차전지의 구조를 나타낸 개략도이다.
도 4a 내지 도 4e는 각각 실시예 1 내지 실시예 4, 및 비교예 1에 따른 이차입자형 전극 활물질의 몰폴로지 및 단면을 나타낸 SEM 분석 이미지이다.
도 5a 내지 도 5c는 각각 실시예 4에 따른 이차입자형 전극 활물질 전체 및 상기 이차입자형 전극 활물질에 포함된 실리콘(Si) 원소 및 탄소(C) 원소의 분포를 에너지 분산 분광기(Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy; EDS)를 이용하여 분석한 사진이다.
도 6은 실시예 8, 및 비교예 2에 따른 리튬 이차전지에 대하여 사이클 회수에 따른 쿨롱효율을 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 7은 실시예 8, 및 비교예 2에 따른 리튬 이차전지에 대하여 사이클 회수에 따른 용량유지율을 나타낸 그래프이다.
구분 | 용량유지율(%) |
실시예 8 | 88 |
비교예 2 | 80 |
12: 탄노나노튜브(CNT) 또는/및 탄소나노섬유(CNF)와 같은 제2 탄소재,
13: 탄소재 코팅층, 23: 박편 형상의 그래파이트와 같은 제1 탄소재,
24: 기공, 25: 제1층, 26: 제2층
200: 리튬 이차전지, 212: 음극, 213: 세퍼레이터, 214: 양극, 220: 전지 용기, 240: 봉입 부재
Claims (29)
- 적어도 하나의 기공; 및
상기 기공을 둘러싼 적어도 두 층의 쉘;을 포함하고,
상기 쉘은 제1 탄소재를 포함한 제1층, 및
상기 제1층 상에 배치된 실리콘 재료 및 제2 탄소재를 포함한 복합체의 제2층을 포함하고,
상기 제1 탄소재의 벌크 밀도(bulk density)가 상기 제2 탄소재보다 큰 이차입자형 전극 활물질. - 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 탄소재는 박편 형상 또는 시트 형상의 그래파이트, 그래핀, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는 전극 활물질. - 제3항에 있어서,
상기 박편 형상 또는 시트 형상의 그래파이트의 평균 종횡비(average aspect ratio)가 2 내지 5,000인 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 탄소재의 함량이 상기 전극 활물질 100 중량부를 기준으로 하여 1 중량부 내지 90 중량부인 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2 탄소재는 탄소나노튜브, 탄소나노섬유, 탄소나노와이어, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2 탄소재의 함량이 상기 전극 활물질 100 중량부를 기준으로 하여 1 중량부 내지 80 중량부인 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘 재료의 평균 입경이 10nm 내지 500nm인 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘 재료의 함량이 상기 전극 활물질 100 중량부를 기준으로 하여 1 중량부 내지 99 중량부인 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 탄소재 대 실리콘 재료 대 제2 탄소재의 함량이 40 내지 60: 20 내지 40: 5 내지 20인 전극 활물질. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1층 및 상기 제2층은 연속적인 층인 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1층 및 상기 제2층의 두께가 1㎛ 내지 50㎛인 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2층 상에 배치된 상기 제1 탄소재를 포함하는 제3층을 더 포함하는 전극 활물질. - 제16항에 있어서,
상기 전극 활물질은 구상인 전극 활물질. - 제16항에 있어서,
상기 제3층 상에 배치된 비정질 탄소재를 포함하는 제4층을 더 포함하는 전극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 전극 활물질은 자기 조립형(self-assembly)인 전극 활물질. - 제1항, 제3항 내지 제10항, 및 제14항 내지 제19항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 전극 활물질을 포함하는 전극.
- 제20항에 따른 전극을 포함하는 이차전지.
- 제1 탄소재, 실리콘 재료, 및 제2 탄소재를 포함한 슬러리를 분무 건조하여 건조 분말을 수득하는 단계; 및
상기 수득한 분말을 비활성 분위기 하에 열처리하여 제1항에 따른 전극 활물질을 제조하는 단계;를 포함하는 전극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제22항에 있어서,
상기 슬러리는 바인더를 더 포함하는 전극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제22항에 있어서,
상기 슬러리의 고형분의 함량은 슬러리 총 중량을 기준으로 하여 1.0 내지 40 중량%인 전극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제22항에 있어서,
상기 제1 탄소재 대 실리콘 재료 대 제2 탄소재의 함량이 40 내지 60: 20 내지 40: 5 내지 20인 전극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제23항에 있어서,
상기 바인더의 함량은 슬러리 총 중량을 기준으로 하여 1.0 내지 50중량%인 전극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제22항에 있어서,
상기 건조 분말을 수득하는 단계에서 상기 슬러리를 300℃ 이하의 온도에서 분무건조하는 공정을 포함하는 전극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제23항에 있어서,
상기 건조 분말을 수득하는 단계는 상기 슬러리의 고형분의 함량, 상기 제1 탄소재 대 실리콘 재료 대 제2 탄소재의 함량, 상기 바인더의 함량, 또는 이들 조합의 함량을 조절하여 기공 크기의 제어가 가능한 공정인 전극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제22항에 있어서,
상기 전극 활물질을 제조하는 단계에서 질소 분위기 하에 500℃ 내지 1300 ℃의 온도에서 열처리하는 공정을 포함하는 전극 활물질의 제조방법.
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