KR102215684B1 - 3a 제올라이트 구조체를 사용하는 물의 제거를 위한 스윙 흡착 방법 - Google Patents
3a 제올라이트 구조체를 사용하는 물의 제거를 위한 스윙 흡착 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102215684B1 KR102215684B1 KR1020197009409A KR20197009409A KR102215684B1 KR 102215684 B1 KR102215684 B1 KR 102215684B1 KR 1020197009409 A KR1020197009409 A KR 1020197009409A KR 20197009409 A KR20197009409 A KR 20197009409A KR 102215684 B1 KR102215684 B1 KR 102215684B1
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- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 본 발명의 양태에 따른 흡착재의 제조 공정의 흐름도이다.
도 2a 및 도 2b는 흡착재의 예시적인 SEM 다이어그램이다.
도 3은 탄도학적 크로마토그래피(ballistic chromatography) 기기의 다이어그램이다.
도 4는 3A 충전된 흡착베드상의 물 파과(water breakthrough)의 다이어그램이다.
도 5는 물 파과 유닛의 다이어그램이다.
도 6a, 도 6b 및 도 6c는 다양한 농도에서 3A 제올라이트의 물 파과 결과의 다이어그램이다.
도 7은 3A 제올라이트 모세관 컬럼 상에서의 물 파과 결과의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 8은 온도 및 압력 범위에 걸친 3A 제올라이트 결정 상에서의 물 등온선(water isotherm)의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 9a 및 도 9b는 입자 크기의 분포의 예시적인 SEM 다이어그램이다.
도 10은 Al NMR 스펙트럼의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 11은 샘플의 결정성(crystallinity)이 손실되었음을 보여주는 XRD 패턴의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 12는 Cu K 방사선(radiation)으로 기록된 예시적인 XRD 스펙트럼의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 13은 상이한 샘플들에 대한 물 등온선의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 14는 3A 충전된 흡착베드 상에서의 물 파과의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 15는 3A 충전된 흡착베드 상에서의 물 파과의 또 다른 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 16은 상이한 제올라이트 3A 샘플들에 대한 CO2 비평형(non-equilibrium) 등온선 측정치의 또 다른 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 17은 3A 결정 및 대조군 실험에서 물에 대한 주파수 응답 곡선(frequency response curve)의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 18은 3A 결정 상의 H2O에 대한 주파수 응답 실험에 대한 민감도 분석의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 19a 및 도 19b는 흡착재의 예시적인 SEM 다이어그램이다.
도 20은 48% K를 갖는 큰 결정 크기 3A 상의 물에 대한 주파수 응답 곡선의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 21은 81% K를 갖는 큰 결정 크기 3A 상의 물에 대한 주파수 응답 곡선의 예시적인 다이어그램이다.
도 22는 본 발명의 양태에 따른 6개 흡착베드 유닛 및 상호연결 배관(interconnecting piping)을 구비한 스윙 흡착 시스템의 3차원 다이어그램이다.
Claims (58)
- 탄화수소, 물, H2S 및 CO2를 포함하는 가스 공급 스트림으로부터 물을 제거하는 방법으로서, 상기 방법이
a) 흡착 단계를 수행하는 단계로서, 상기 흡착 단계는, 평행한 채널 접촉기를 갖는 흡착베드 유닛을 통해 가스 공급 스트림을 통과시켜 상기 가스 공급 스트림으로부터 물을 분리하여 생성물 스트림을 형성함을 포함하며, 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기는 (i) Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.3 내지 1.0 범위이고, (ii) Al에 대한 Si 원자 비가 1.0 내지 1.2 범위이며, (iii) 59 ppm에서 단일 NMR 피크를 나타내고 4 ppm에서 NMR 피크를 나타내지 않는 제올라이트 3A인 흡착재를 포함하고, 상기 흡착 단계 동안 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기에서 상기 흡착재와 접촉하는 상기 가스 공급 스트림 중의 가스에 대한 체류 시간은 2.5초 미만인, 단계;
b) 상기 가스 공급 스트림의 유동을 방해하는 단계;
c) 재생 단계를 수행하는 단계로서, 상기 재생 단계는, 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기로부터 상기 물의 적어도 일부를 제거함을 포함하는, 단계; 및
d) 적어도 하나의 추가의 순환 동안 단계 a) 내지 c)를 반복하는 단계
에 의해 급속 순환 스윙 흡착(rapid cycle swing adsorption) 공정을 수행함을 포함하는, 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 재생 단계는 퍼지 단계를 수행함을 추가로 포함하며, 상기 퍼지 단계는 퍼지 스트림을 상기 흡착베드 유닛으로 통과시켜 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기로부터 상기 물의 적어도 일부를 제거하여 퍼지 생성물 스트림을 형성함을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 공정은 급속 순환 압력 스윙 흡착 공정을 포함하는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 4은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제3항에 있어서, 하나 이상의 감압 단계를 단계 b) 이후 및 단계 c) 이전에 수행함을 추가로 포함하며, 상기 흡착베드 유닛 내의 상기 압력은 각각의 연속 감압 단계에 의해 소정의 양만큼 감소하는, 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 공정은 급속 순환 온도 스윙 흡착 공정을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 퍼지 단계는, 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기를 가열하여 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기로부터의 상기 물의 적어도 일부의 제거를 촉진시켜 퍼지 생성물 스트림을 형성함을 포함하는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 7은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제6항에 있어서, 상기 퍼지 단계는, 가열된 퍼지 스트림을 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기를 통해 통과시켜 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기로부터의 상기 물의 적어도 일부의 제거를 촉진시켜 퍼지 생성물 스트림을 형성함을 포함하는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 8은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 단계 a)에서 상기 가스 공급 스트림의 압력이 400psia(평방인치당 절대 파운드) 내지 1500psia 사이의 범위인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 9은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 가스 공급 스트림은 탄화수소 및 H2O를 포함하며, 상기 H2O는 상기 가스 공급 스트림에서의 포화 수준에 대해 2백만분율 체적의 범위에 있는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 10은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 가스 공급 스트림이, 상기 공급 스트림의 총 체적을 기준으로 하여 1체적 퍼센트를 초과하는 탄화수소를 갖는 탄화수소 함유 스트림인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 11은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 단계 a) 내지 c)의 순환 지속기간이 2초 초과 및 300초 미만인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 12은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착 단계 동안 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기에서 상기 흡착재와 접촉하는 상기 가스 공급 스트림 중의 가스에 대한 체류 시간은 0.5초 미만인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 13은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착 단계 동안 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기에서 상기 흡착재와 접촉하는 상기 가스 공급 스트림 중의 가스에 대한 체류 시간은 0.1초 미만인, 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 생성물 스트림 내의 물의 농도는 몰 기준으로 50백만분율 미만인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 15은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 생성물 스트림 내의 물의 농도는 몰 기준으로 1백만분율 미만인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 16은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 생성물 스트림 내의 물의 농도는 몰 기준으로 0.1백만분율 미만인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 17은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.35 내지 0.98 범위인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 18은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.4 내지 0.8 범위인, 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 Na인 비-칼륨 양이온을 50%가 넘게 갖는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 20은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 Na인 비-칼륨 양이온을 80%가 넘게 갖는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 21은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 Na인 비-칼륨 양이온을 90%가 넘게 갖는, 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 부착 내성(fouling tolerant)이고, 이때 부착 내성은 등온식 측정시 3분 미만의 평형 시간 및 25℃에서 CO2 용량이 760torr에서 2밀리몰/그램 미만인 흡착재로서 정의되는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 23은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 부착 내성이고, 이때 부착 내성은 등온식 측정시 3분 미만의 평형 시간 및 25℃에서 CO2 용량이 760torr에서 0.5밀리몰/그램 미만인 흡착재로서 정의되는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 24은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 제올라이트 응집체의 평균 크기는 40마이크론 미만인, 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 제올라이트 응집체의 평균 크기는 10마이크론 미만인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 26은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 제올라이트 응집체의 질량 평균 크기는 5마이크론 미만인, 방법.
- ◈청구항 27은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A는 고품질의 결정들을 포함하는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 28은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A는 뛰어난 품질의 결정들을 포함하는, 방법.
- ◈청구항 29은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제2항에 있어서, 상기 퍼지 스트림은 메탄인, 방법.
- 탄화수소, 물, H2S 및 CO2를 포함하는 가스 공급 스트림으로부터 물을 제거하기 위한 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템으로서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은
내부 영역을 형성하는 하우징;
상기 하우징의 상기 내부 영역 내에 배치된 평행한 채널 접촉기로서, (i) Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.3 내지 1.0 범위이고, (ii) Al에 대한 Si 원자 비가 1.0 내지 1.2 범위이며, (iii) 59 ppm에서 단일 NMR 피크를 나타내고 4 ppm에서 NMR 피크를 나타내지 않는 제올라이트 3A인 흡착재를 포함하는, 평행한 채널 접촉기;
상기 하우징에 고정된 복수의 밸브들로서, 각각, 도관과 유동 연통하며, 상기 도관을 통해 상기 하우징 외부의 위치로부터 상기 밸브를 통해 평행한 채널 접촉기까지 연장되어 있는 유동 경로를 따라 유체 유동을 제어하도록 구성되는 복수의 밸브들
을 각각 포함하는 하나 이상의 흡착베드 유닛을 포함하고,
상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 흡착 단계 동안 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기에서 상기 흡착재와 접촉하는 상기 가스 공급 스트림 내의 가스에 대한 체류 시간을 2.5초 미만으로 제공하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템. - 제30항에 있어서, 상기 하우징은 400psia(평방인치당 절대 파운드) 내지 1500psia 사이의 범위 내로 압력을 유지하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- 제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 가스 공급 스트림을 탈수시키기 위한 급속 순환 압력 스윙 흡착 공정을 수행하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 33은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 가스 공급 스트림을 탈수시키기 위한 급속 순환 온도 스윙 흡착 공정을 수행하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 34은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 가스 공급 스트림을 탈수시키기 위한 급속 순환 부분 압력 스윙 흡착 공정을 수행하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 35은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 2초 초과 및 300초 미만인 순환 지속기간 동안 수행하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 36은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 상기 흡착 단계 동안 상기 평행한 채널 접촉기에서 상기 흡착재와 접촉하는 상기 가스 공급 스트림 내의 가스에 대한 체류 시간을 0.5초 미만으로 제공하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 37은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 생성물 스트림 중의 물의 농도가 몰 기준으로 50백만분율 미만인 상기 생성물 스트림을 제공하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 38은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템은 생성물 스트림 중의 물의 농도가 몰 기준으로 1백만분율 미만인 상기 생성물 스트림을 제공하도록 구성되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 39은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.35 내지 0.98 범위인, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 40은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.4 내지 0.8 범위인, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- 제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 Na인 비-칼륨 양이온을 50%가 넘게 갖는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 42은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 Na인 비-칼륨 양이온을 80%가 넘게 갖는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 43은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 Na인 비-칼륨 양이온을 90%가 넘게 갖는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- 제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 부착 내성이고, 이때 부착 내성은 등온식 측정시 3분 미만의 평형 시간 및 25℃에서 CO2 용량이 760torr에서 2밀리몰/그램 미만인 흡착재로서 정의되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 45은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 부착 내성이고, 이때 부착 내성은 등온식 측정시 3분 미만의 평형 시간 및 25℃에서 CO2 용량이 760torr에서 0.5밀리몰/그램 미만인 흡착재로서 정의되는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 46은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 제올라이트 응집체의 질량 평균 크기는 40마이크론 미만인, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- 제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 제올라이트 응집체의 질량 평균 크기는 10마이크론 미만인, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 48은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 제올라이트 응집체의 질량 평균 크기는 5마이크론 미만인, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 49은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A는 고품질의 결정들을 포함하는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- ◈청구항 50은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제30항 또는 제31항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A는 뛰어난 품질의 결정들을 포함하는, 주기적인 급속 순환 스윙 흡착 시스템.
- 탄화수소, 물, H2S 및 CO2를 포함하는 가스 공급 스트림으로부터 물을 제거하기 위한 평행한 채널 접촉기로서, 흡착재를 포함하고, 상기 흡착재는 (i) Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.3 내지 1.0 범위이고, (ii) Al에 대한 Si 원자 비가 1.0 내지 1.2 범위이며, (iii) 59 ppm에서 단일 NMR 피크를 나타내고 4 ppm에서 NMR 피크를 나타내지 않는 제올라이트 3A인, 평행한 채널 접촉기.
- ◈청구항 52은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제51항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A가 고품질의 결정들을 포함하는, 평행한 채널 접촉기.
- ◈청구항 53은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제51항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A가 뛰어난 품질의 결정들을 포함하는, 평행한 채널 접촉기.
- ◈청구항 54은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제51항 내지 제53항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.35 내지 0.98 범위인, 평행한 채널 접촉기.
- ◈청구항 55은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제51항 내지 제53항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 흡착재는 상기 Al에 대한 K 원자 비가 0.4 내지 0.8 범위인, 평행한 채널 접촉기.
- ◈청구항 56은(는) 설정등록료 납부시 포기되었습니다.◈제51항 내지 제53항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트 3A 내의 제올라이트 응집체의 질량 평균 크기는 5마이크론 미만인, 평행한 채널 접촉기.
- 삭제
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CA3033235C (en) | 2022-04-19 |
KR20190040510A (ko) | 2019-04-18 |
SG11201900842QA (en) | 2019-03-28 |
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