KR101865744B1 - 배기가스 정화장치 - Google Patents
배기가스 정화장치 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101865744B1 KR101865744B1 KR1020160153507A KR20160153507A KR101865744B1 KR 101865744 B1 KR101865744 B1 KR 101865744B1 KR 1020160153507 A KR1020160153507 A KR 1020160153507A KR 20160153507 A KR20160153507 A KR 20160153507A KR 101865744 B1 KR101865744 B1 KR 101865744B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- catalyst
- diesel oxidation
- particulate matter
- lta zeolite
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydrocarbons HC Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XZVZVMOOTANGPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,2-dimethyl-3-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]imidazol-1-ium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CN1C(=[N+](C=C1)CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C)C XZVZVMOOTANGPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical group [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYXKPFMQWULLOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;hydroxide;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C MYXKPFMQWULLOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012691 Cu precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KWPNILLRATZDQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M [OH-].CC1(C[N+]2=CNC=C2)C(C=CC=C1)C.[OH-].C[N+]1=C(N(C=C1)CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C)C Chemical compound [OH-].CC1(C[N+]2=CNC=C2)C(C=CC=C1)C.[OH-].C[N+]1=C(N(C=C1)CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C)C KWPNILLRATZDQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
- B01D53/885—Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 배기 온도에 따른 NOx 정화 효율을 도시한 그래프이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 SCR 작동 여부에 따른 누적 NOx량을 도시한 그래프이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 제2 실시예에 따른 배기가스 정화장치의 구조를 간략히 도시한 도면이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 제3 실시예에 따른 배기가스 정화장치의 구조를 간략히 도시한 도면이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 각 실시예에 따른 PM 재생시 DOC 촉매 온도를 도시한 그래프이다.
Claims (14)
- 엔진의 배기가스를 정화시키도록 구비되는 배기가스 정화장치에 있어서,
상기 엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스가 통과하는 배기라인,
상기 배기라인에 설치되어 배기가스 중 탄화수소(HC)와 일산화탄소(CO)를 정화시키는 디젤산화촉매(Diesel Oxidation Catalyst; DOC),
상기 배기라인 내부에 우레아 수용액을 분사하는 우레아 인젝터(Urea Injector), 그리고
상기 우레아 수용액을 이용하여 상기 디젤산화촉매를 통과한 배기가스의 질소산화물을 저감시키는 선택적환원촉매(Selective Catalyst Reduction; SCR)
를 포함하며,
상기 디젤산화촉매는,
몰 기준 Si/Al 비율이 8 내지 30인 LTA 제올라이트 촉매를 포함하고,
상기 LTA 제올라이트 촉매는,
Pt, Pd, Rh, Fe, Cu, Ag, Mn, Co, 및 Mg 중 적어도 하나를 포함하며,
상기 LTA 제올라이트 촉매가 상기 Pd를 포함하는 경우,
상기 LTA 제올라이트 촉매 전체 중량에 대한 Pd의 함량은 0.1 중량% 내지 3 중량%인 배기가스 정화장치. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 디젤산화촉매의 후단에 형성되거나 상기 선택적환원촉매의 전단에 형성되며, 상기 배기가스의 입자상물질을 저감시키는 입자상물질 제거용 필터(Diesel Particulate matter Filter; DPF)를 더 포함하는 배기가스 정화장치. - 제4항에 있어서,
상기 입자상물질 제거용 필터에 일정량의 입자상물질이 포집되면 상기 입자상물질 제거용 필터의 전단의 온도가 일정온도 이상이 되도록 제어하는 배기가스 정화장치. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 디젤산화촉매는,
상기 선택적환원촉매의 미작동 영역에서 상기 배기가스 중의 NOx를 저장하고, 상기 선택적환원촉매가 활성화된 후에 저장된 상기 NOx를 탈착시키는 배기가스 정화장치. - 제6항에 있어서,
상기 선택적환원촉매의 미작동 영역의 온도는 상기 선택적환원촉매가 활성화된 후의 온도보다 낮은 배기가스 정화장치. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 디젤산화촉매는,
상기 배기가스에 산소가 많은 조건(Lean condition)에서 발생하는 NOx를 저장하는 배기가스 정화장치. - 엔진의 배기가스를 정화시키도록 구비되는 배기가스 정화장치에 있어서,
상기 엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스가 통과하는 배기라인 상에 설치되며, 디젤산화촉매(Diesel Oxidation Catalyst; DOC)를 포함하는 전단 촉매부, 그리고
상기 전단 촉매부와 연결되며, 선택적환원촉매(Selective Catalyst Reduction; SCR)를 포함하는 후단 촉매부
를 포함하며,
상기 디젤산화촉매는,
몰 기준 Si/Al 비율이 8 내지 30인 LTA 제올라이트 촉매를 포함하고,
상기 LTA 제올라이트 촉매는,
Pt, Pd, Rh, Fe, Cu, Ag, Mn, Co, 및 Mg 중 적어도 하나를 포함하며,
상기 LTA 제올라이트 촉매가 상기 Pd를 포함하는 경우,
상기 LTA 제올라이트 촉매 전체 중량에 대한 Pd의 함량은 0.1 중량% 내지 3 중량%인 배기가스 정화장치. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 전단 촉매부 또는 후단 촉매부는,
상기 배기가스의 입자상물질을 저감시키는 입자상물질 제거용 필터(Diesel Particulate matter Filter; DPF)를 포함하는 배기가스 정화장치. - 제10항에 있어서,
상기 배기라인 내부에 우레아 수용액을 분사하는 우레아 인젝터(Urea Injector), 그리고
상기 우레아 수용액의 분사를 제어하며, 상기 입자상물질 제거용 필터에 일정량의 입자상물질이 포집되면 상기 배기가스의 온도가 일정온도 이상이 되도록 제어하는 제어부
를 더 포함하는 배기가스 정화장치. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 디젤산화촉매는,
상기 선택적환원촉매의 미작동 영역에서 상기 배기가스 중의 NOx를 저장하고, 상기 선택적환원촉매가 활성화된 후에 상기 디젤산화촉매에 저장된 NOx를 탈착시키는 배기가스 정화장치. - 삭제
- 삭제
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