KR101397634B1 - 유기 물질 전환 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
유기 물질 전환 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101397634B1 KR101397634B1 KR20077027953A KR20077027953A KR101397634B1 KR 101397634 B1 KR101397634 B1 KR 101397634B1 KR 20077027953 A KR20077027953 A KR 20077027953A KR 20077027953 A KR20077027953 A KR 20077027953A KR 101397634 B1 KR101397634 B1 KR 101397634B1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/066—Zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
Description
C [%] | O [%] | Al [%] | H [%] | Ca [%] | Si [%] | N [%] | P [%] | K [%] |
30.9 | 30.5 | 6.15 | 5.2 | 5.03 | 4.98 | 4.66 | 4.62 | 2.36 |
Cl [%] | S [%] | Fe [%] | Na [%] | Mg [%] | Zn [%] | Ti [%] | Ba [%] | Mn [%] |
1.13 | 1.09 | 1.04 | 0.938 | 0.875 | 0.226 | 0.195 | 0.0652 | 0.0375 |
기체 분석 | |
수소 [vol.%] | 55.13 |
이산화탄소 [vol.%] | 31.92 |
일산화탄소 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
메탄 [vol.%] | 12.87 |
에텐 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
에탄 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
프로펜 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
프로판 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
C4 화합물 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
전체 [vol.%]: | 99.92 |
탄소 총량, g | 0.91 |
액체 분석 | |
pH | 8.32 |
총 유기 탄소 (TOC), [중량 ppm] | 726.8 |
총 무기 탄소 (TIC), [중량 ppm] | 361.5 |
총 탄소, [중량 ppm] | 1088.3 |
메탄올 [중량 ppm] | 600 |
에탄올 [중량 ppm] | 300 |
아세트산 [중량 ppm] | 332.7 |
포름산 [중량 ppm] | 10.3 |
아세트알데히드 [중량 ppm] | 104.9 |
액체 중 탄소 총량 | 9.30 g |
투입 C: | 산출 C | |
오수 침적물:13.81g | 0.91 g 기체 C → | 4.97% |
K2CO3: 4.51 g | 4.34 g TIC 액체 → | 23.68% |
9.3 g TOC 액체 → | 50.74% | |
0.0 TOC 고체 → | 0.00% | |
오일 중 C 3.28 g → | 17.9% | |
∑ 18.33 g | ∑ 17.83 g 전환 → | 97.3% |
성분 | 발열량 [kJ/kg] | 양 [g] | 에너지 분획 [공급물과 함께 에너지 투입%] |
공급 침적물 | 476 | 976.5 | |
메탄 | 50,400 | 0.25 | 2.71 |
수소 | 240,103 | 0.21 | 10.8 |
메탄올 | 19,918 | 13.67 | 58.6 |
오일 | 41,900 | 3.86 | 34.8 |
합계 | 107.0 |
기체 분석 | |
수소 [vol.%] | 31.36 |
이산화탄소 [vol.%] | 41.17 |
일산화탄소 [vol.%] | 2.25 |
메탄 [vol.%] | 24.22 |
에텐 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
에탄 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
프로펜 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
프로판 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
C4 화합물 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
전체 [vol.%]: | 99.00 |
탄소 총량, g | 0.54 |
액체 분석 | |
pH | 7.42 |
총 유기 탄소 (TOC), [중량 ppm] | 985.1 |
총 무기 탄소 (TIC), [중량 ppm] | 439.3 |
총 탄소, [중량 ppm] | 1424.4 |
메탄올 [중량 ppm] | 800 |
에탄올 [중량 ppm] | 0 |
아세트산 [중량 ppm] | 347.2 |
포름산 [중량 ppm] | 43.2 |
아세트알데히드 [중량 ppm] | 156.5 |
액체 중 탄소 총량 | 13.33 g |
투입 C: | 산출 C: | |
오수 침적물:20.58g | 0.54 g 기체 C → | 1.97% |
K2CO3: 6.78 g | 6.43 g TIC 액체 → | 23.5% |
6.3 g TOC 액체 → | 23.02% | |
0.0 TOC 고체 → | 0.00% | |
오일 중 C 10.83 g → | 39.58% | |
∑ 27.36 g | ∑ 24.1 g 전환 → | 88.1% |
성분 | 발열량 [kJ/kg] | 양 [g] | 에너지 분획 [공급물과 함께 에너지 투입%] |
공급 침적물 | 476 | 1470 | |
메탄 | 50,400 | 0.28 | 2.01 |
수소 | 240,103 | 0.07 | 2.40 |
메탄올 등가물 | 19,918 | 9.30 | 26.37 |
오일 | 41,900 | 12.73 | 76.2 |
합계 | 107.0 |
옥수수 사일러지 원료 | |
건체 함량 [중량%] | 11.29 |
건체 중 무기 분획 [중량%] | 29.4 |
밀도 [kg/㎥] | 1.0099 |
pH | 9.6 |
연소열1 1 Based on 18 MJ/kg heat of combustion for the organic fraction of the dry matter. [kJ/kg] | 1435 |
옥수수 사일러지 건체 | |||
TC [mg/kg] | 325000 | Mo [mg/kg] | 7.82 |
TOC [mg/kg] | 315000 | N [mg/kg] | 6960 |
Al [mg/kg] | 233 | Na [mg/kg] | 825 |
Ca [mg/kg] | 2023 | Ni [mg/kg] | 11.1 |
Cl [mg/kg] | 1682 | S [mg/kg] | <0.1 |
Cr [mg/kg] | 28 | Si [mg/kg] | 2090 |
Fe [mg/kg] | 4571 | Zr [mg/kg] | 2.24 |
K [mg/kg] | 112350 |
기체 분석 | |
수소 [vol.%] | 7.5 |
이산화탄소 [vol.%] | 88.74 |
일산화탄소 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
메탄 [vol.%] | 0.33 |
에텐 [vol.%] | 0.06 |
에탄 [vol.%] | 0.06 |
프로펜 [vol.%] | 0.25 |
프로판 [vol.%] | 0.05 |
C4 화합물 [vol.%] | 0.00 |
총 [vol.%]: | |
탄소 총량, g | 15.2 |
액체 분석 | |
pH | 8.30 |
총 유기 탄소 (TOC), [중량 ppm] | 2105 |
총 무기 탄소 (TIC), [중량 ppm] | 201 |
총 탄소, [중량 ppm] | 2305 |
메탄올 [vol.%] | 1.64 |
에탄올 [vol.%] | 0.27 |
아세트산 [중량 ppm] | 5185 |
포름산 [중량 ppm] | 2206 |
글리콜산 | 10470 |
아세트알데히드 [중량 ppm] | 115,0 |
액체 중 탄소 총량 | 40.1 g |
투입 C: | 산출 C: | |
오수 사일러지 공급:82.19g | 15.2 g 기체 C → | 18.5% |
40.1 g TOC 액체 → | 48.8% | |
0.0 TOC 고체 → | 0.0% | |
오일 중 C 28.35 g → | 34.5% | |
∑ 82.19 g | ∑ 86.62 g 전환 → | 101.8% |
성분 | 발열량 [kJ/kg] | 양 [g] | 에너지 분획 [공급 에너지 함량%] |
공급 침적물 | 476 | 2240 | |
수소 | 240,103 | 0.07 | 1.6 |
메탄올 | 19,918 | 28.9 | 17.9 |
에탄올 | 28,200 | 4.20 | 4.2 |
글리콜산 | 14,400 | 0.41 | 10.4 |
아세트산 | 18,200 | 1.23 | 6.5 |
오일 | 41,900 | 14.76 | 45.1 |
합계 | 85.7 |
Claims (136)
- 유기 물질을 탄화수소 연료로 전환시키기 위한 방법으로서.- 유체 중의 상기 유기 물질을 225 바를 초과하는 압력으로 가압하는 단계,- 원소 주기율표 IA족의 1종 이상의 원소의 화합물을 포함하는 균질 촉매의 존재 하에 200℃ 초과의 온도로 상기 유체 중의 상기 유기 물질을 가열하는 단계를 포함하며,또한- 상기 가압 및 가열 단계에 이어서 상기 유체 중의 상기 유기 물질을 주기율표의 IVB족 원소 중 1종 이상 및/또는 알파 알루미나를 포함하는 불균일 촉매와접촉시키는 단계 및- 초기에 상기 유체의 pH가 7을 넘는 것을 확인하고, 상기 유기 물질을 함유하는 유액의 pH 값을 7 내지 14의 범위로 유지하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 유체 중의 상기 유기 물질을 불균질 촉매와 접촉시키는 공정으로부터 얻은 생성물의 적어도 일부는 재이용되어, 전환 방법에 사용되는 유기 물질을 함유하는 유체의 일부를 구성하도록 하는 공정을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유기 물질을 0.5 시간 이상 동안 100℃ 내지 170℃ 범위의 온도에서 전처리하는 공정을 더 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 탄화수소 연료로의 전환 전에 상기 유기 물질의 크기를 감소시키기 위하여 상기 유기 물질을 기계적으로 처리하는 전처리 공정을 더 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유기 물질을 함유하는 유체 (공급류)에 대한 상기 재이용 생성물의 비율은 1-20인 것인 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 비율은 2.5-5인 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 방법은 연속식인 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유체(들)에 함유되는 입자들을 입자 분리기를 사용하여 제거하는 공정을 하나 이상 더 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전환 방법에 사용되는 상기 유기 물질은 폐기물, 침적물 또는 바이오매스 물질을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 방법의 결과로 만들어진 탄화수소 오일은 연료 용도로 적합한 형태로 정제되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유체 중의 상기 유기 물질을 불균질 촉매와 접촉시키는 공정은 30 분 이하로 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유체 중의 상기 유기 물질을 불균질 촉매와 접촉시키는 공정은 5 분 이하로 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 균질 촉매는 칼륨 및/또는 나트륨을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 균질 촉매는 KOH, K2CO3, KHCO3, NaOH, Na2CO3 및 NaHCO3 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전환 방법의 결과로 만들어지는 탄산염 및/또는 탄산수소염은 상기 방법이 진행됨에 따라 재순환되는 것인 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 탄산염 및/또는 탄산수소염의 농도는 0.5 중량% 이상인 것인 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 탄산염 및/또는 탄산수소염의 농도는 1 중량% 이상인 것인 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 탄산염 및/또는 탄산수소염의 농도는 2 중량% 이상인 것인 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 탄산염 및/또는 탄산수소염의 농도는 3 중량% 이상인 것인 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 탄산염 및/또는 탄산수소염의 농도는 4 중량% 이상인 것인 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 탄산염 및/또는 탄산수소염의 농도는 5 중량% 이상인 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 불균질 촉매는 지르코늄 및/또는 티타늄을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유기 물질은 수성 유체에 포함되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유기 물질을 함유하는 유체의 pH는 8-10의 범위 내로 유지되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유체 중의 상기 유기 물질을 불균질 촉매와 접촉시키는 공정에 앞서서 입자들을 제거하는 것인 방법.
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US67587605P | 2005-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | |
DKPA200500634 | 2005-04-29 | ||
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US60/675,876 | 2005-04-29 | ||
PCT/DK2006/000232 WO2006117002A2 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2006-04-28 | Method and apparatus for converting organic material |
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US8771601B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 |
NO20075733L (no) | 2008-01-17 |
EA200971028A1 (ru) | 2010-04-30 |
US20140161682A2 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
PL1879981T3 (pl) | 2015-01-30 |
HRP20140934T1 (hr) | 2014-12-05 |
JP2008539285A (ja) | 2008-11-13 |
NO341354B1 (no) | 2017-10-23 |
BRPI0609864B1 (pt) | 2016-09-06 |
BRPI0609864A2 (pt) | 2010-05-11 |
AU2006243565A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
EP1879981B1 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
MX2007013381A (es) | 2008-04-02 |
WO2006117002A3 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
CA2606762C (en) | 2014-10-14 |
AU2006243565B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
US20090064566A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
NZ563741A (en) | 2010-07-30 |
WO2006117002A2 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
KR20080027764A (ko) | 2008-03-28 |
DK2573154T3 (da) | 2019-10-28 |
JP6001588B2 (ja) | 2016-10-05 |
JP5743172B2 (ja) | 2015-07-01 |
US8299315B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
JP2014139323A (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
EA200702335A1 (ru) | 2008-06-30 |
US20130195732A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
EP1879981A2 (en) | 2008-01-23 |
EA013190B1 (ru) | 2010-02-26 |
CA2606762A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
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