KR100814826B1 - 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100814826B1 KR100814826B1 KR1020060114612A KR20060114612A KR100814826B1 KR 100814826 B1 KR100814826 B1 KR 100814826B1 KR 1020060114612 A KR1020060114612 A KR 1020060114612A KR 20060114612 A KR20060114612 A KR 20060114612A KR 100814826 B1 KR100814826 B1 KR 100814826B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- group
- active material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910006919 Li(3-a′)Fe2(PO4)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910006936 Li(3−a′)Fe2(PO4)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910010586 LiFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 adiponitrile lithium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 25
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- LLEVMYXEJUDBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCCC#N LLEVMYXEJUDBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017119 AlPO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010090 LiAlO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013385 LiN(SO2C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims 2
- FHNJQVKJJWGNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.B(O)(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.B(O)(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] FHNJQVKJJWGNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002180 crystalline carbon material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BTNXBLUGMAMSSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCCCC#N BTNXBLUGMAMSSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910012108 LiCo0.98Mg0.02O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910012102 LiCo0.98Mg0.01Al0.005Ti0.005O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910012343 LiCo0.991Mg0.007Ti0.002O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910012174 LiCo0.979Mg0.02Al0.001O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UDHAWRUAECEBHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 UDHAWRUAECEBHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012112 LiCO0.98Mg0.02 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diyne Chemical group C#CC#C LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- DOKHEARVIDLSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-1-ol Chemical group CC=CO DOKHEARVIDLSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl acetate Chemical compound CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Ti](O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-mevalonolactone Natural products CC1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC(I)=C1I RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1 PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,6-trichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC=C(Cl)C1Cl WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC(Cl)=CC=C1 CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-trifluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC(F)=CC1F ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)CC=C(F)C=C1 UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCEVCXPUGOBVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC=CC1Cl PCEVCXPUGOBVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMTFMQAGUXZMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC=CC1F CMTFMQAGUXZMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYJRNFFLTBEQSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-(3-methyl-1-benzothiophen-5-yl)-N-(4-methylsulfonylpyridin-3-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C=NC=C1)NC=1C=C2N=CC=NC2=C(C=1)C=1C=CC2=C(C(=CS2)C)C=1 CYJRNFFLTBEQSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N R-mevalonolactone, (-)- Chemical compound C[C@@]1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
AN 첨가제 함량(중량%) | 300회 60℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 고온연속충전(Hrs) | |
비교예 6 | 0 | 71 | 41 |
실시예 81 | 0.001 | 75 | 72 |
실시예 82 | 0.005 | 76 | 82 |
실시예 83 | 0.01 | 77 | 108 |
실시예 84 | 0.025 | 80 | 121 |
실시예 85 | 0.05 | 81 | 132 |
실시예 86 | 1 | 82 | 151 |
실시예 87 | 2 | 83 | 180 |
실시예 88 | 5 | 72 | 207 |
실시예 89 | 7 | 72 | 223 |
실시예 90 | 8 | 71 | 230 |
실시예 91 | 10 | 71 | 241 |
참고예 1 | 11 | 68 | 263 |
Mg2P2O7의 코팅량(중량%) | 300회 60℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 고온연속충전(Hrs) | |
비교예 5 | 0 | 72 | 104 |
실시예 92 | 0.001 | 72 | 123 |
실시예 93 | 0.005 | 73 | 134 |
실시예 94 | 0.01 | 75 | 142 |
실시예 95 | 0.05 | 77 | 167 |
실시예 96 | 0.1 | 83 | 180 |
실시예 97 | 0.5 | 82 | 182 |
실시예 98 | 1 | 81 | 179 |
실시예 99 | 2 | 80 | 172 |
실시예 100 | 5 | 79 | 165 |
실시예 101 | 10 | 74 | 141 |
참고예 2 | 20 | 62 | 103 |
Al2O3의 코팅량(중량%) | 300회 60℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 고온연속충전(Hrs) | |
비교예 5 | 0 | 72 | 104 |
실시예 102 | 0.001 | 72 | 121 |
실시예 103 | 0.005 | 74 | 132 |
실시예 104 | 0.01 | 81 | 143 |
실시예 105 | 0.05 | 84 | 165 |
실시예 106 | 0.1 | 80 | 172 |
실시예 107 | 0.5 | 80 | 179 |
실시예 108 | 1 | 79 | 181 |
실시예 109 | 2 | 79 | 180 |
실시예 110 | 5 | 78 | 175 |
실시예 111 | 10 | 77 | 145 |
참고예 3 | 20 | 62 | 109 |
Claims (23)
- 하기 화학식 1 내지 10의 화학식 중 어느 하나로 표현되는 화합물을 포함하는 코어 및 이 코어에 형성되고, MxPyOz(여기에서, M은 알칼리 토금속, 13족 원소, 전이 금속, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소이고, 1 ≤ x ≤ 4, 0 ≤ y ≤ 7 및 2 ≤ z ≤ 30임)을 포함하는 코팅층을 갖는 양극 활물질을 포함하며, 상기 코팅층은 양극 활물질 전체 중량에 대하여 0.001 내지 10 중량%인 양극;음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극; 및비수성 유기 용매, 리튬염 및 하기 화학식 11의 첨가제를 포함하는 비수성 전해질을 포함하는리튬 이차 전지.[화학식 1]LiaNib1CocMndM'eO2(상기 화학식 1에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b1 ≤ 0.999, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.999, 0 ≤ d ≤ 0.999, 0.001 ≤ e ≤ 0.2, M'은 알칼리 토금속, 13족 원소, 전이 금속, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소임)[화학식 2]LiaMn2M'b2O4(상기 화학식 2에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0.001 ≤ b2 ≤ 0.2, M'은 알칼리 토금속, 13족 원소, 전이 금속, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소임)[화학식 3]AS2(상기 화학식 3에서, A는 Ti 또는 Mo임)[화학식 4]LiAS2(상기 화학식 4에서, A는 Ti 또는 Mo임)[화학식 5]V2O5[화학식 6]LiV2O5[화학식 7]LiFeO2[화학식 8]LiNiVO4[화학식 9]Li(3-a)M'2(PO4)3(상기 화학식 9에서, 0 < a < 3, M'은 V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni 또는 Cu임)[화학식 10]Li(3-a')Fe2(PO4)3(상기 화학식 10에서, 0 ≤ a ≤ 2)[화학식 11](상기 화학식 3에서, R1 및 R2는 동일하거나 서로 독립적으로 할로겐 또는 CmH(2m+1)이고, m은 0 내지 10이며, n은 1 내지 12임)
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코어는 상기 화학식 1 또는 2로 표현되는 화합물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 전체 양극 활물질 중량에 대하여 0.05 내지 5 중량%의 양으로 존재하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 e는 0.005 ≤ e ≤ 0.1인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 d는 0 ≤ d ≤ 0.667인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 b2는 0.005 ≤ b2 ≤ 0.1인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 Al2O3, Mg2P2O7, AlPO4 및 ZrO2로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 화합물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 Al2O3 또는 Mg2P2O7를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코어는 상기 화학식 1 또는 2로 표현되는 화합물이고,M'은 Mg, Al, Ti 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 Al2O3 또는 Mg2P2O7를 포함하고,상기 코어는 상기 화학식 1 또는 2로 표현되는 화합물이고,M'은 Mg와 Al의 조합, Mg와 Ti의 조합 및 Mg, Al및 Ti의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 첨가제의 함량은 전체 전해액 중량에 대하여 0.01 내지 7 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 양극의 합제 밀도는 3.7 내지 4.2g/cc인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬 이차 전지의 충전 전압은 4.3 내지 4.5V인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 니트릴 계열 화합물은 숙시노니트릴, 글루타로니트릴, 아디포니트릴, 피멜로니트릴, 수베로니트릴 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 니트릴 계열 화합물은 숙시노니트릴, 아디포니트릴 및 이들의 조합인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 니트릴 계열 화합물은 아디포니트릴인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질은 탄소 계열 물질, 리튬 금속, 리튬 금속의 합금 및 리튬과 화합물을 형성할 수 있는 물질로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질은 탄소 계열 물질인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 탄소 계열 물질은 X-선 회절에 의한 Lc가 10nm 이상이고, 700℃ 이상에서 발열 피크를 갖는 결정성 탄소 계열 물질인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제19항에 있어서,상기 탄소 계열 물질은 메조페이스 구형 입자로부터 탄화 단계 및 흑연화 단계를 거쳐 제조된 탄소 물질 또는 섬유형 메조페이스 핏치로부터 탄화 단계 및 흑연화 단계를 거쳐 제조된 섬유형 흑연인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 비수성 유기 용매는 카보네이트계, 에스테르계, 에테르계, 케톤계, 알코올계, 비양성자성 용매 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은 LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiCF3SO3, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, LiN(CF3SO2)2, LiC4F9SO3, LiClO4, LiAlO4, LiAlCl4, LiN(CxF2x+1SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2)(여기서, x 및 y는 자연수임), LiCl, LiI, 리튬 비스옥살레이트 보레이트(lithium bisoxalate borate) 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염의 농도는 0.1 내지 2.0M인 리튬 이차 전지.
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