KR100786779B1 - 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100786779B1 KR100786779B1 KR1020060131850A KR20060131850A KR100786779B1 KR 100786779 B1 KR100786779 B1 KR 100786779B1 KR 1020060131850 A KR1020060131850 A KR 1020060131850A KR 20060131850 A KR20060131850 A KR 20060131850A KR 100786779 B1 KR100786779 B1 KR 100786779B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- positive electrode
- lithium
- Prior art date
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910017090 AlO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 lithium chalcogenide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIXUJRCCNNHWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dioxane Chemical compound C1CCOOC1 OIXUJRCCNNHWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010090 LiAlO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- JPUHCPXFQIXLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium triethoxide Chemical compound CCO[Al](OCC)OCC JPUHCPXFQIXLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-] WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBROYCQXICMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropoxyalumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] OBROYCQXICMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005609 vinylidenefluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
M1 - xAlO2 | x 값 | |
실시예 1 | Li0 .97AlO2 | 0.03 |
실시예 2 | Li0 .9AlO2 | 0.1 |
실시예 3 | Li0 .5AlO2 | 0.5 |
실시예 4 | Li0 .2AlO2 | 0.8 |
실시예 5 | Li0 .02AlO2 | 0.98 |
실시예 6 | Li0 .95AlO2 | 0.05 |
실시예 7 | Li0 .8AlO2 | 0.2 |
실시예 8 | Li0 .2AlO2 | 0.8 |
실시예 9 | Li0 .05AlO2 | 0.95 |
총 복합 금속 산화물의 함량(g) | 코팅된 복합 금속 산화물의 함량(g) | 잔류 복합 금속 산화물의 함량(g) | 코팅:잔류 중량비 | |
실시예 1 | 0.5 | 0.45 | 0.05 | 1:0.11 |
실시예 2 | 0.8 | 0.67 | 0.13 | 1:0.19 |
실시예 3 | 1.1 | 0.89 | 0.21 | 1:0.24 |
실시예 4 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 1:0.55 |
실시예 5 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1:1.13 |
실시예 6 | 0.12 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1:0.5 |
실시예 7 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.1 | 1:0.45 |
실시예 8 | 1.31 | 1.17 | 0.14 | 1:0.12 |
실시예 9 | 5.25 | 5.0 | 0.25 | 1:0.05 |
0.1C 방전용량 (mAh/g) | 1C 방전용량 (mAh/g) | 내부저항 (ohm) | 1C 40회 후 방전 용량(mAh/g) | |
실시예 1 | 183 | 160 | 300 | 70 |
실시예 2 | 183 | 162 | 270 | 95 |
실시예 3 | 183 | 170 | 180 | 145 |
실시예 4 | 180 | 163 | 260 | 100 |
실시예 5 | 175 | 155 | 290 | 75 |
실시예 6 | 183 | 160 | 310 | 73 |
실시예 7 | 184 | 163 | 280 | 95 |
실시예 8 | 183 | 167 | 250 | 110 |
실시예 9 | 183 | 170 | 170 | 143 |
비교예 1 | 180 | 153 | 310 | 75 |
비교예 2 | 180 | 150 | 340 | 60 |
Claims (21)
- 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 복합 금속 산화물과,상기 복합 금속 산화물로 표면이 코팅된 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질:[화학식 1]M1 - xAlO2(상기 화학식 1에서, M은 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 토금속 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종이고, 0.03≤x≤0.95 이다)
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 M은 Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Rb, Sr, Cs, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 0.5≤x≤0.8인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물 100 중량부에 대해 복합 금속 산화물 0.1 내지 10 중량부를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물에 코팅된 복합 금속 산화물과 코팅되지 않은 복합 금속 산화물은 1:0.05 내지 1:2.5의 중량비로 존재하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 복합 금속 산화물은 10 내지 200 nm의 입자 크기를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물은 리튬 복합금속 산화물 또는 리튬 칼코게나이드인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 리튬 복합금속 산화물은 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질:[화학식 2]LiNi1 -x- yCoxMyO2(상기 화학식 2에서 M은 Co, Mn, Mg, Fe, Ni, Al 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종의 금속이고, 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1, 및 0≤x+y≤1이다)
- 알루미늄염과 금속염(상기 금속은 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 토금속, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것임)을 반응시켜 나노 사이즈의 알루미늄 금속 수화물을 얻는 단계;상기 나노 사이즈의 알루미늄 금속 수화물과 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물을 혼합하는 단계; 및상기 단계에서 얻어진 화합물을 건조한 다음 열처리하는 단계를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 알루미늄염은 알루미늄을 포함하는 수산화물, 옥시수산화물, 질산염, 염화물, 탄산염, 초산염, 옥살산염, 시트르산염, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 금속염은 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 토금속 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종을 포함하는 수산화물, 옥시수산화물, 질산염, 염화물, 탄산염, 초 산염, 옥살산염, 시트르산염, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 사용되는 용매는 물, 및 알코올로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 단독 또는 이들의 혼합 용매로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 건조는 50 내지 90 ℃에서 수행하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 열처리는 500 내지 800 ℃에서 수행하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 알루미늄 전구체와 금속염(상기 금속은 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 토금속, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것임)을 반응시켜 금속 알루미늄 졸을 제조하는 단계;상기 금속 알루미늄 졸을 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물과 혼합하는 단계; 및상기 단계에서 얻어진 전구체를 건조한 다음 열처리하는 단계를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서,상기 알루미늄 전구체는 알루미늄 알콕사이드인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서,상기 금속염은 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 토금속 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종을 포함하는 수산화물, 옥시수산화물, 질산염, 염화물, 탄산염, 초산염, 옥살산염, 시트르산염, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서,상기 용매는 물, 및 알코올로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 단독 또는 이들의 혼합 용매인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서,상기 건조는 50 내지 90 ℃에서 수행하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서,상기 열처리는 500 내지 800 ℃에서 수행하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극;음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극; 및이들 사이에 존재하는 전해질을 포함하고,상기 양극 활물질이 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항 중의 어느 한 항에 따른 양극 활물질인 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
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KR100974352B1 (ko) * | 2008-01-28 | 2010-08-05 | 주식회사 에너세라믹 | 리튬 이차 전지용 복합 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 및이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
US8679670B2 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2014-03-25 | Boston-Power, Inc. | CID retention device for Li-ion cell |
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US8493711B2 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2013-07-23 | Fraser W. SEYMOUR | Monolithic electrode, related material, process for production, and use thereof |
US20110136013A1 (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-09 | Dongguan Amperex Technology Co., Ltd. | Material for coating a positive electrode of a lithium-ion battery and a method for making the same |
JP2015076336A (ja) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-20 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極材料、その製造方法および非水電解質二次電池 |
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