KR100370486B1 - 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치, 배기가스정화방법 및배기가스정화촉매 - Google Patents
내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치, 배기가스정화방법 및배기가스정화촉매 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 13
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 58
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9422—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by NOx storage or reduction by cyclic switching between lean and rich exhaust gases (LNT, NSC, NSR)
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
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- B01J23/66—Silver or gold
- B01J23/68—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/688—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
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Abstract
Description
실시예 촉매 36 | C3H6정화율(%), 400℃ | CO정화율(%), 400℃ |
탄화수소 및 CO의 연소촉매 미설치 | 93 | 94 |
탄화수소 및 CO의 연소촉매 전단에 설치 | 98 | 99 |
탄화수소 및 CO의 연소촉매 후단에 설치 | 99 | 100 |
실시예 촉매 48 | C3H6정화율(%), 400℃ | CO정화율(%), 400℃ |
탄화수소 및 CO의 연소촉매 미설치 | 92 | 94 |
탄화수소 및 CO의 연소촉매 전단에 설치 | 99 | 97 |
탄화수소 및 CO의 연소촉매 후단에 설치 | 99 | 100 |
Claims (23)
- 공연비가 린인 배기가스와 공연비가 리치 또는 화학량론인 배기가스가 유입되는 내연기관 배기가스유로에 배기가스 정화촉매를 구비한 배기가스 정화장치에 있어서,상기 배기가스 정화촉매가 다공질 담체와 그 다공질 담체상에 담지된 활성성분을 가지며, 상기 활성성분이 Rh, Pt 및 Pd 모두; 알칼리 금속으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나; 및 Mn을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 Ti을 더욱 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 Cu, Co 및 Ni로부터 선택된 적어도 하나를 더욱 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 희토류 금속중의 적어도 하나를 더욱 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 P와 B중의 적어도 하나를 더욱 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 배기가스유로에 설치된 상기 배기가스 정화촉매의 상류측과 하류측중의 적어도 한쪽에 배기가스에 함유되는 HC와 CO를 연소하는 연소촉매를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 희박연소 운전되는 내연기관으로부터 배출된 배기가스를 배기가스 정화촉매에 접촉시킴으로써 정화하도록 한 배기가스 정화방법에 있어서,상기 배기가스를 다공질 담체상에 Rh, Pt 및 Pd 모두; 알칼리 금속으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나; 및 Mn을 가지는 촉매에 접촉시키도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화방법.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 내연기관의 운전을 희박연소 운전으로부터 이론공연비운전 또는 연료과잉운전으로 일시적으로 전환하여 배기가스의 공연비를 화학량론 또는 리치로 하여상기 배기가스 정화촉매를 재생하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화방법.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 배기가스를 HC와 CO를 연소하는 연소촉매에 접촉시킨 후, 상기 배기가스 정화촉매에 접촉시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화방법.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 배기가스 정화촉매로 정화한 배기가스를 다시 HC와 CO를 연소하는 연소촉매에 접촉시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화방법.
- 다공질 담체와 그 담체상에 담체된 활성성분을 구비하고, 상기 활성성분이 Rh, Pt 및 Pd 모두; 알칼리금속으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나; 및 Mn을 함유하고, 상기 활성금속의 담지량이 상기 다공질 담체 1.5 몰에 대하여 금속원소 환산으로 Rh가 0.0003-0.0l 몰, Pt가 0.002-0.05 몰, Pd가 0.001-0.2 몰, 알칼리금속이 1종류당 0.05-3 몰, Mn이 0.05-2 몰로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 삭제
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 Ti을 더욱 함유하고, 상기 Ti의 담지량이 상기 다공질 담체 1.5 몰에 대하여 금속원소 환산으로 0.01-2 몰로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 Ni, Co 및 Cu중의 적어도 하나를 더욱 함유하고, 상기 Ni, Co 및 Cu의 1종류당 담지량이 상기 다공질 담체 1.5 몰에 대하여 금속원소 환산으로 0.01-2 몰로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 희토류 금속중의 적어도 하나를 더욱 함유하고, 상기 희토류 금속의 1종류당 담지량이 상기 다공질 담체 1.5 몰에 대하여 금속원소 환산으로 0.02-0.5 몰로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 P와 B중의 적어도 하나를 더욱 함유하고, 상기 P와 B의 1종류당 담지량이 상기 다공질 담체 1.5 몰에 대하여 금속원소 환산으로 0.01-2 몰로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 다공질 담체가 기재상에 담지되고, 상기 다공질 담체의 담지량이 상기 기재 1L에 대하여 0.3-4 몰로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 알칼리토류 금속으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 배기가스정화촉매가 활성성분으로서 알칼리토류 금속 중 적어도 1종을 더 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화방법.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 활성성분이 알칼리토류 금속으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나를 함유하고, 상기 알칼리토류 금속의 1종류당 담지량이 상기 다공질담체 1.5mol에 대해 금속원소 환산으로 0.05 내지 3mol이 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 활성성분으로서 Si를 더 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화장치.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 활성성분으로서 Si를 더 함유하고, 상기 Si의 담지량이 상기 다공질담체 1.5mol에 대해 금속원소 환산으로 0.01 내지 2mol이 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 린 NOx 정화촉매.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 배기가스 정화촉매가 활성성분으로서 Si를 더 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화방법.
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JP35227298A JP3952617B2 (ja) | 1998-12-11 | 1998-12-11 | 内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置,排ガス浄化方法及び排ガス浄化触媒 |
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AU734673B2 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
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US6841511B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
AU1683900A (en) | 2000-07-03 |
US20030202925A1 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
WO2000035564A1 (fr) | 2000-06-22 |
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