JPS6239377B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a particle analysis method for analyzing particles such as blood cells, and more particularly to a particle analysis method in which differences between various particle distribution curves are clearly displayed or recorded. [Prior Art] It has become necessary to diagnose diseases based on the size distribution of particles such as blood cells, or to judge the agglomeration of powder in the industrial field.
Since the magnitude of the particle detection signal of a commonly used electronic blood cell counter is proportional to the particle size, it has become possible to measure the particle size distribution state by setting a large number of threshold values. [Problems to be solved by the invention] However, at present, only the particle size distribution of the particles is recorded, and subsequent differences between multiple samples and differences from the normal distribution can only be confirmed directly with the naked eye. Alternatively, statistical calculations were made on numerical data before obtaining the distribution curve, and comparisons were made using these numerical values, so it required skill to make such judgments.
Particularly in hospital laboratories, cases such as macrocytic normochromic anemia and microcytic hypochromic anemia can be diagnosed based on the particle size distribution of red blood cells, but usually the average The values are MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin content),
It is often diagnosed based on blood cell parameters called red blood cell count, such as MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration). Therefore, appropriately determining differences in particle size distribution curves and using them as material for diagnosis often relies on intuition due to the small amount of information, and cannot be said to be an appropriate method. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a particle analysis method that can eliminate the above drawbacks and display or record clear differences in particle size distribution. [Means and effects for solving the problem] The particle analysis method of the present invention introduces a particle suspension liquid into a detection device, and detects particles based on electrical differences or optical differences between the particles and the liquid. , in a method of generating a signal proportional to the size of a particle and analyzing the particle using this particle signal, the size of the particle signal is discriminated with a comparison circuit having a plurality of consecutive threshold values for the particle signal, Next, after generating a signal representing the size of the particle in the signal generation circuit, this signal is sent to an arithmetic/control circuit, and a read-only memory and a read/write memory are connected to the arithmetic/control circuit. consists of a first memory, a second memory, and a third memory, the first memory stores the cumulative particle size distribution or the number distribution of the normal particle size distribution, the second memory stores the particle size distribution expressed as a percentage, and the second memory stores the particle size distribution expressed as a percentage. Three memories include the differences between particle size distributions due to different samples,
Alternatively, it is characterized by storing deviations of various parameters when the same sample is repeatedly measured. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a systematic explanatory diagram showing an example of an apparatus for implementing the particle analysis method of the present invention. A particle analyzer for carrying out the method of the present invention includes a particle detection device 1 that detects particles based on electrical or optical differences between the particles and a particle suspension liquid and generates a signal proportional to the size of the particles. , a comparison circuit 2 having a plurality of successive threshold values, for example, 50 or 100 thresholds for the particle signal from the particle detection device 1, and a signal representing the size of the particle is generated from the output signal of this comparison circuit 2. a signal generating circuit 3 for generating a signal, an arithmetic/control circuit 4 connected to the signal generating circuit 3, a read-only memory 5 connected to the arithmetic/control circuit 4 and storing arithmetic and control sequences, and the arithmetic/control read/write memories 6, 7, 8 connected to the circuit 4;
It includes an input device 9, a display device 10, and a recording device 11. The read/write memory consists of a first memory 6, a second memory 7, and a third memory 8, the first memory 6 stores the cumulative particle size distribution or the number distribution of the normal particle size distribution, and the second memory 7 stores the number distribution of the cumulative particle size distribution or the normal particle size distribution. The particle size distribution expressed as a percentage is stored, and the third memory 8 stores differences between the particle size distributions of different samples or deviations of various parameters when the same sample is repeatedly measured. Although the read/write memories 6, 7, and 8 are shown separately for ease of understanding, one read/write memory 12 includes a first memory 6, a second memory 7, and a third memory 8. may be configured to be divided into each area. In the particle analyzer configured as described above, when the particle signal from the particle detection device 1 is sent to the comparator circuit 2, the peak value of the signal or the comparator up to the peak value is turned on, and the comparator is turned on in the next circuit. Input in parallel using as many output terminals as possible. In the signal generation circuit 3, an appropriate frequency dividing circuit is connected in parallel with the number of terminals to match the calculation speed, or the input of the next particle signal is prohibited during calculation for one pulse, so that the average particle The pulse interval is used as a comparison signal, and each terminal is scanned and the peak value of particles or the line that is turned on up to the peak value is first scanned by the arithmetic/control circuit 4 in accordance with the program order of the read-only memory 5. The data are sequentially stored in the memory 6. At this time, what is stored for the peak value of the particle is a normal particle size distribution curve, and what is stored for each particle by all the lines that are turned on up to the peak value is a cumulative particle size distribution curve. Each address of the first memory 6 corresponds to a particle size, that is, a threshold value, and each address stores the number of particles. When the volume of a predetermined particle suspension liquid or the measurement of a predetermined time period is completed, each address in the first memory 6 is sequentially read in accordance with the calculation order of the read-only memory 5, and (1) the total number of particles, ( 2) When stored in the form of cumulative particle size distribution, read out the difference in the number of particles between adjacent addresses; when the particle size distribution is normal, read out the number of particles at that address.
(1) Divide by the total number of particles, and (3) store the calculation result in each corresponding address of the second memory 7.
This operation is performed to obtain a particle size distribution curve expressed in %. The above is for one sample (one specimen), but by performing similar measurements and calculations for other samples (sample) in the remaining space of each memory 6, 7, it is possible to perform the same measurements and calculations for 10, 20, or several tens of samples. data is stored. These data are the third
A display device 10 and a recording device 11 as shown in the figure.
It can be displayed and recorded by Also the second
It is possible to display and record the superposition in the form shown in the figure, but the third memory 8 corresponding to each point on the graph
If you do not memorize the information once, you will have to scan the recording paper several times when recording. The same holds true for display (display becomes possible by repeatedly scanning the third memory 8). The third memory 8 is used not only for printing and displaying, but also for the main operations of the apparatus of the present invention.
First, when inputting, for example, sample numbers 3002 and 3004 into the input device 9 and instructing to calculate the difference between the particle size distributions, 3002 and 3004 in the second memory 7, Recall the particle percentage value of each address corresponding to the memory contents of 3004,
The particle percentage value at each particle size in 3004 is subtracted from the particle percentage value at each particle size in 3002, and the subtraction result is stored in the address in the third memory 8 corresponding to the address.
Next, the third memory 8 is scanned in accordance with the scanning order of the display device 10 or the recording order of the recording device 11, and the results are sequentially displayed or recorded. An example of the recording result is shown in FIG. 4, which is an example in which scales and numbers were similarly recorded from top to bottom using the dot matrix printing method. Figure 5 similarly subtracts sample number 3004 from 3001 to find the difference of each sample from the standard sample, and Figure 6 similarly subtracts sample number 3003 from 3004 to find the difference of each sample. This is the difference from the standard sample. In order to clarify the differences in Figures 2 and 3, red blood cells from a patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia are used as the sample 3001 of curve 1 shown in Figure 2, and the standard sample 3002 of curve 2 is used as the standard sample. A red blood cell sample from a normal person, which is almost the same as the sample, was used as the sample for curve 3, 3003, and a red blood cell sample from a patient with macrocytic normochromic anemia was used.
This is an example in which standard blood was used as the 3004 sample. In particular, in this measurement example, a prominent example was used to facilitate understanding, so it can be clearly distinguished from Figure 2, but the difference in particle size distribution curves is taken as shown in Figures 5 and 6. As a result, it can be seen that the size of the particles (red blood cells) is biased toward the small side in FIG. 5, while the size of the particles (red blood cells) is biased toward the large side in FIG. 6. Furthermore, in addition to the measurement examples mentioned above, the apparatus implementing the method of the present invention processes numerical values as shown in the following table, records data as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8,
can be displayed.

【table】

〔Effect of the invention〕

As an actual measurement example, the values measured for each parameter from red blood cells of a normal person are shown in Figures 7a to 7r.
Figures 8a to 8r show the measured values of each parameter regarding red blood cells of a jaundiced patient. It is obvious that the red blood cells of jaundiced patients undergo changes over time, with large deviations and variations. Therefore, if there is any disease in the blood cells, it can be easily determined based on this information. In this measurement, blood cells are diluted in a normal blood cell suspension, and even more significant fluctuations can be observed by subjecting the blood cells to harsh conditions by changing the osmotic pressure and pH. can be observed. The method of the present invention can be applied not only to particles such as blood cells, but also to the industrial and food fields. It is also possible to clearly know the state of bacterial destruction in the food field.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a systematic explanatory diagram showing an example of a particle analyzer implementing the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 8 are graphs showing measurement examples. 1... Particle detection device, 2... Comparison circuit, 3...
Signal generation circuit, 4... Arithmetic/control circuit, 5... Read-only memory, 6... First memory, 7... Second memory, 8... Third memory, 9... Input device, 10
...display device, 11...recording device, 12...read/write memory, 13...railway.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Introducing a particle suspension liquid into a detection device, detecting particles based on electrical differences or optical differences between the particles and the liquid, and generating a signal proportional to the size of the particles, In this method of analyzing particles using particle signals, the size of the particle signal is discriminated by a comparison circuit having a plurality of consecutive threshold values for the particle signal, and then a signal representing the particle size is generated by a signal generation circuit. After the signal is generated, this signal is sent to an arithmetic/control circuit, and a read-only memory and a read/write memory are connected to this arithmetic/control circuit, and the read/write memory receives information from the first memory, second memory, and third memory. The first memory stores the cumulative particle size distribution or the number distribution of the normal particle size distribution, the second memory stores the particle size distribution expressed as a percentage, and the third memory stores the difference between the particle size distributions of different samples. , or a particle analysis method characterized by storing deviations of various parameters when repeatedly measuring the same sample.