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JPH10503676A - 柔軟性拡張可能ステント - Google Patents

柔軟性拡張可能ステント

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Publication number
JPH10503676A
JPH10503676A JP8505814A JP50581496A JPH10503676A JP H10503676 A JPH10503676 A JP H10503676A JP 8505814 A JP8505814 A JP 8505814A JP 50581496 A JP50581496 A JP 50581496A JP H10503676 A JPH10503676 A JP H10503676A
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meander
stent
pattern
odd
dimensional
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JP3236623B2 (ja
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エム． イスラエル，ヘンリー
ピンチャシク，グレゴリー
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メディノール リミティド
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/856—Single tubular stent with a side portal passage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
    • A61F2002/91541—Adjacent bands are arranged out of phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91558—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to peak
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0004—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
    • A61F2230/0013—Horseshoe-shaped, e.g. crescent-shaped, C-shaped, U-shaped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
    • A61F2230/0054—V-shaped

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Cable Accessories (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 身体に移植するためのステント（30）を開示する。このステント（30）は、第一及び第二方向に広がる軸を有する第一及び第二メアンダー模様（11，12）をもつ模様形状を有する管より成る。第一メアンダー模様は偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模様としてよい。この偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模様は互いと 180°の位相角でずれており、そしてこの奇数次元模様は２本毎の偶数次元模様の間にある。第二メアンダー模様は第一メアンダー模様とからみ合っている。第一及び第二方向は互いと直交していてよい。第二メアンダー模様は偶数次元及び奇数次元模様より成ってもよい。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 柔軟性拡張可能ステント 発明の分野 本発明は一般に生体に移植するためのステントに関する。 発明の背景 様々なステントが当業界において公知である。ここで、本願にとっては、「ス テント」なる語は、血管、又は身体におけるその他の開口部を広げ、そして得ら れる管腔サイズを維持するために利用される身体適合性材料より成る器具を意味 する。一般に、ステントは膨張式バルーンと一緒に身体の所望の位置にまで導入 され、そしてそのバルーンが膨張すると、ステントは拡張し、これによってその 開口部を広げる。ステントを拡張させるその他の機械的器具も利用される。 ワイヤーより成るステントの分野における典型的な特許はPinchukの米国特許 第5,019,090号、Towerの同5,161,547号、Savinらの同4,950,227号、Fontaineの 同5,314,472号、Wiktorの同4,886,062号及び同4,969,458号、並びにHillsteadの 同4,856,516号である。切断ストック金属より成るステントは以下に記載されて いる：Palmazの米国特許第4,733,665号、Rosenbluthの同4,762,128号、Palmaz及 びSchatzの同5,102,417号、Schatzの同5,195,984号、並びにMeadoxのWO 91 FR01 3820号。 Palmaz及びSchatzの米国特許第5,102,417号に記載のステントは柔軟性コネク ターと共に接続された拡張可能管状移植片を有する。この移植片はその管の縦軸 に平行に配置された複数のスロットより 成る。柔軟可能なコネクターはらせん式コネクターである。管状移植片は比較的 硬質であるため、ステントを湾曲した血管に通すときにそれが屈曲できるよう柔 軟性コネクターが必要とされる。米国特許第5,102,417号のステントが拡張する と、移植片は放射状に拡張し、その結果縦方向で収縮する。しかしながら、同時 に、らせん式コネクターはよじれる。このよじれ運動は血管にとっておそらく有 害である。Schatzの米国特許第5,195,984号には、類似ではあるが、管状移植片 の間に、管状移植片の縦軸に対して平行に一本の直線状のコネクターを有するス テントが記載されている。この直線状の部材はよじれ運動を排除する。しかしな がら、それは非常に強力なコネクターではない。 発明の概要 従い、本発明の目的は、柔軟性ステントであって、拡張の際に縦方向において 最少限にて収縮するステントを提供することにある。 本発明のステントは、第一方向及び第二方向において広がる軸を有する第一及 び第二メアンダー模様をもつ模様形態を有する管より成り、ここでこの第二メア ンダー模様は第一メアンダー模様とからみ合っている。その第一及び第二方向は 互いと直交し合ってよい。 本発明の一の態様に従うと、この第一メアンダー模様は偶数次元及び奇数次元 第一メアンダー模様とする。この偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模様は互 いと 180°の位相角でずれており、そして奇数次元模様は２本の偶数次元模様の 間にある。第二メアンダー模様も偶数次元及び奇数次元模様より成ってよい。 更に、本発明の好適な態様に従うと、第二メアンダー模様は周期毎に２本のル ープを有し、そしてこの偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模様は第二メアン ダー模様の各ループの第一及び第二側部 のそれぞれに接続している。 他方又は他に、この第二メアンダー模様は偶数次元及び奇数次元第二メアンダ ー模様より成る。この態様においては、この偶数次元及び奇数次元第二メアンダ ー模様は偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模様に接続され、偶数次元及び奇 数次元第二メアンダー模様の各組の間に１本の完全ループがある。 更に、本発明の好適な態様に従うと、この第一及び第二メアンダー模様は平ら な金属より成る。他方、それらはワイヤーから切り取ってもよい。更に、それら に任意の身体適合性材料を埋込む又はカバーを施してもよい。 図面の簡単な説明 本発明の図面と共に以下の詳細な説明から一層完全に理解及び認定できるであ ろう。 図１は本発明の第一の好適な態様に従って構築し、そして機能する模様付きス テントの図示である。 図２は図１のステントの模様の図示である。 図３は屈曲位置における図１のステントの図示である。 図４は拡張状態の図１のステントの図示である。 図５Ａ及び５Ｂは拡張による図１のステントの模様の変化の図示である。 図６は第二のステント模様の態様の図示である。 図７は第三のステント模様の態様の図示である。 図８は拡張状態の図７の模様の図示である。 好適な態様の詳細な説明 図１〜４に関し、本発明の原理に従って構築し、そして機能する第 一のステントの態様を示す。図１はその拡張していない形状を示し、図２はステ ントの模様を示し、図３はその部分的に屈曲した位置を示し、そして図４はその 拡張状態を示す。 本発明のステントは管であり、その側部には複数の２種類の直交メアンダー模 様それぞれが設けられ、その模様は互いとからみ合っている。「メアンダー模様 」なる語は本明細書では中心線分を中心とした周期模様を説明するために用い、 そして「直交メアンダー模様」はその中心線分が互いと直交する模様同志をいう 。 図１〜４のステントにおいて、２種類のメアンダー模様を11及び12と表示し、 そしてそれらは図２で最もよくわかる。メアンダー模様11は鉛直中心線分９を有 する鉛直正弦波である。メアンダー模様11は一周期毎に２本のループ14及び16を 有し、ここでループ14は右に向って広がり、一方ループ16は左に向って広がる。 ループ14と16は共有部材15と17を共有し、ここで部材15は一のループ14からその 次のループ16へと接続され、そして部材15は一のループ16からその次のループ14 とへ接続されている。 メアンダー模様12は水平中心線分13を有する水平模様である。メアンダー模様 12も18及び20と表示したループを有するが、周期のループ間には22と表示した長 い直線区画がある。ループ18は下方向に広がり、そしてループ20は上方向に広が る。鉛直メアンダー模様11は偶数次元及び奇数次元（ｏとｅ）のバージョンで施 されており、それらは互いと 180°の位相角でずれている。即ち、メアンダー11 ｏの各左開放ループ16はメアンダー11ｅの右開放ループ14と向い合い、そしてメ アンダー11ｏの右開放ループはメアンダー11ｅの左開放ループと向い合っている 。 水平メアンダー模様には奇数次元及び偶数次元形態で施されていてもよい。水 平メアンダー模様12ｅの直線区画22は鉛直メアンダー 模様11ｅの３個毎の共有部材17と交差している。水平メアンダー模様12ｏの直線 区画22は、交差している共有部材17と２個後方の共有部材15で始まって、鉛直メ アンダー模様11ｅの３個毎の共有部材15と交差している。その結果、メアンダー 模様12ｅと12ｏとの間に完全ループ14が、そしてメアンダー模様12ｏと12ｅとの 間に完全ループ16ができる。 図１にもどると、図２の模様は易変形性材料、例えば金属の管30に形成されて いる。２種類のメアンダー模様に基づき、図１のステントは、カテーテルバルー ンの上にかぶせたとき、それは柔軟性であり、それ故屈曲した血管の中を容易に 通り抜けることができる。図１のステントが屈曲している例を図３に示す。 図３において、ステントは矢印40で表示した方向で表示地点Ａで屈曲し始めて いる。ステントが屈曲し始めると、Ｉと表示した区画は曲線の内側となり、そし てＯと表示した区画は曲線の外側となる。曲線Ｉの内側は向い側の曲線Ｏの外側 より短くなる。 屈曲の際、地点Ａの右側にあるループ14〜20は内側と外側の曲線との間の長さ の差を補うために形状変化する。例えば、曲線の内側付近のループ18ｉ及び20ｉ は、拡張する曲線の外側上のループ18ｏ及び20ｏよりも互いと接近し合う。内側 Ｉの近くのループ14ｉ及び16ｉは圧縮され、一方曲線の外側Ｏの近くのループ14 ｏ及び16ｏは拡張する。 わかる通り、メアンダー模様11及び12は双方とも屈曲に関与する。示してはい ないが、図１〜４のステントは任意の方向において、且つ同時に複数の方向にお いて屈曲できることが理解されるであろう。 図４は拡張状態の図１のステントを図示する。ステントが拡張すると、メアン ダー模様11及び12は双方とも拡張する（即ち、ループ 14〜20は全て広がる）。わかる通り、拡張したステントは２タイプの閉じられた 空間、即ちメアンダー模様12ｏと12ｅとの間の大空間42及びメアンダー模様12ｅ と12ｏとの間の小空間44を有する。わかる通り、各大空間42はその左側に２本の ループ14及びその右側に２本のループ16を有する。鉛直メアンダー模様11ｅと11 ｏとの間の大空間（42ａと表示）はその頂部及び底部にループ18を有し、一方鉛 直メアンダー模様11ｏと11ｅとの間の大空間（42ｂと表示）はその頂部及び底部 にループ20を有する。小空間44ａ及び44ｂも同様である。 直交メアンダー模様11及び12に基づき、図１のステントは拡張の際に有意に収 縮しないことに注目すべきである。これは図５Ａ及び５Ｂに詳しく示してある。 このことについて説明する。図５Ａは拡張の際の一本の鉛直メアンダー模様11の 動きを示し、そして図５Ｂは拡張の際の一本の水平メアンダー模様12の動きを示 す。もとの模様を実線で示し、そして拡張した模様を破線で示す。 図５Ａの鉛直メアンダー模様11はそのループ14及び16が広がることによって拡 張する。その結果、鉛直メアンダー模様11はループ当り２＊ｈ1の値で鉛直方向 に増大する。しかしながら、それは２＊ｄ1の値で水平方向で収縮もする。同様 に、図５Ｂの水平メアンダー模様12はそのループ18及び20が広がることにより拡 張する。その結果、水平メアンダー模様12はループ当り２＊ｄ2の値で水平方向 で成長する。しかしながら、それはｈ2の値で鉛直方向で収縮もする。即ち、鉛 直メアンダー模様11の鉛直方向増大は、少なくともある程度、水平メアンダー模 様12の鉛直方向収縮を補い、そしてその逆も真なりである。任意のステントの先 端部分は部分的にしか補われず、それ故若干収縮しうる。 ２種類の直交メアンダー模様11及び12並びにそれらが互いに付与 し合う補完は図１の未拡張ステントに柔軟性を付与することが理解されるであろ う。しかしながら、ステントが拡張すると、ループ14及び16のそれぞれの変化は 得られるステントに硬質性を付与し、それ故ステントが血管を所望の内径に維持 させることを可能にする。 本発明のステントは平らな金属から、それを図２の模様へとエッチングするこ とで製造できる。エッチングを施した材料を屈曲させて管30にする。他方、図２ の模様は溶接又はよじったワイヤーから製造できる。 本発明のステントは金属及び／又はワイヤーから作れうることが明らかであろ う。更に、それに保護材料をプレーティングする、医薬品を浸す、及び／又は空 間42及び44を埋めることのできる材料でコーティングを施すことができる。 本発明は、２種類のメアンダー模様、直交型又はその他より成る模様をもって 製造される全てのステントを包括するものと理解されるであろう。直交メアンダ ー模様を有するその他の典型的な模様をここで提供し、ここで図６は模式バージ ョンであり、そして図７は一層丸みを帯びたバージョンである。図８は拡張状態 の図７の模様を示す。図６及び７の模様は図２に示すものと似ているが、ただし それはより水平なメアンダー模様を有し、そしてそれらは図２に示しているよう な偶数次元及び奇数次元のものではなく、一種類のものである。 図６及び７の双方でわかる通り、２タイプの鉛直メアンダー模様11ｅ及び11ｏ は互いに対して 180°の位相角でずれている。水平メアンダー模様12は鉛直メア ンダー模様11ｅの全線分15に接続している。図８は拡張状態の図７の模様を示す 。図８の拡張状態では偶数次元及び奇数次元水平メアンダー模様がないため、大 空間及び小空間はない。その代わり、空間は全て同じサイズである。 本発明は記載の態様に限定されないことを当業者は理解するであろう。本発明 は添付の請求の範囲によってのみ規定される。
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Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １．模様形状を有する管より成るステントであって、ここでこの模様形状は： ａ．第一方向に広がる軸を有する偶数次元第一メアンダー模様； ｂ．これも第一方向に広がる軸を有する奇数次元第一メアンダー模様：ここで 前記奇数次元第一メアンダー模様は前記偶数次元第一メアンダー模様と 180°の 位相角でずれており、そして２本毎の偶数次元メアンダー模様の間にある； ｃ．前記第一方向とは異なる第二方向に広がる軸を有する第二メアンダー模様 ：ここで前記第二メアンダー模様は前記偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模 様とからみ合って概して均一な分布構造を形成している； を含んで成る、ステント。 ２．前記偶数次元第一メアンダー模様及び前記奇数次元第一メアンダー模様が 前記第一方向に広がる軸を中心に周期的となっており、そして前記第二メアンダ ー模様が前記第二方向に広がる軸を中心に周期的となっている、請求項１記載の ステント。 ３．前記第二メアンダー模様が周期毎に２本のループを有し、そして前記偶数 次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模様が各ループの第一及び第二側部それぞれに 接続している、請求項１又は２記載のステント。 ４．前記第二メアンダー模様が偶数次元及び奇数次元メアンダー模様より成る 、先の請求項のいづれか１項記載のステント。 ５．前記偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模様がループを有し、そして前 記偶数次元及び奇数次元第二メアンダー模様が前記偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メ アンダー模様に接続され、各組の偶数次 元及び奇数次元第二メアンダー模様の間に１本の完全ループができている、請求 項４記載のステント。 ６．模様形状を有する管より成るステントであって、ここでこの模様形状が： ａ．第一方向に広がる軸を有する第一メアンダー模様； ｂ．前記第一方向とは異なる第二方向に広がる軸を有する第二メアンダー模様 ：ここで前記第二メアンダー模様は前記偶数次元及び奇数次元第一メアンダー模 様とからみ合って概して均一な分布構造を形成している； を含んで成る、ステント。 ７．前記第一メアンダー模様が前記第一方向に広がる軸を中心に周期的であり 、そして前記第二メアンダー模様が前記第二方向に広がる軸を中心に周期的であ る、請求項６記載のステント。 ８．前記第一及び第二方向が直交している、請求項１〜７のいづれか１項記載 のステント。 ９．前記第一及び第二方向が直交していない、請求項１〜７のいづれか１項記 載のステント。 10．前記第一及び第二メアンダー模様がワイヤーより成る、請求項１〜９のい づれか１項記載のステント。 11．前記第一及び第二メアンダー模様が平らな金属より切断されたものである 、請求項１〜９のいづれか１項記載のステント。 12．前記ステントが、保護材料のプレーティング、医薬品の含浸及び材料での カバーのうちのいづれかにより仕上げられたものである、先の請求項のいづれか １項記載のステント。 13．ステントであって ａ．少なくとも一の奇数次元及び偶数次元の交互の湾曲区画：ここでそれぞれ は第一屈曲領域を有し、そしてここで前記奇数次元の 湾曲区画は、その上の第一屈曲領域が前記偶数次元湾曲区画上の第一屈曲領域に 隣接するように、前記偶数次元湾曲区画と位相角ずれしている；並びに ｂ．少なくとも１個の柔軟性コネクター：これは隣接し合う偶数次元及び奇数 次元湾曲区画の第一屈曲領域を接続せしめる複数の柔軟性リンクを含んで成る； を含んで成り、ここで各柔軟性リンクは少なくとも一の第二屈曲領域により接 続された少なくとも２つの部分を有し、そして前記第一及び第二屈曲領域が第一 及び第二角であって、その二等分線分が互いに対して傾いている角を規定してい る、ステント。 14．隣接し合う連続セルのメッシュを含んで成るステントであって、各セルが ： 閉じられたセルの中で互いと接続した偶数の数の一定の長さの交互となった第 一及び第二ループを含んで成り、ここで各ループはその間に屈曲領域をもつ少な くとも２つの部分を有し、前記第一及び第二ループは第一及び第二角であって、 その二等分線分が互いに対して傾いている角を規定している、ステント。
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