JPH09501164A - 超音波技術のための安定化された微小気泡組成物 - Google Patents
超音波技術のための安定化された微小気泡組成物Info
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.微小気泡を形成する方法であって、 第1の気体と、第2の気体と、膜形成材料と、液体とを用意し、前記第1の気 体と前記第2の気体とを、約1:100〜約1,000:1のモル比で存在させ、xを37 ℃での第2の気体の蒸気圧としたときに、前記第1の気体が、37℃で少なくとも 約(760−x)mmHgの蒸気圧を有し、前記第1および第2の気体のそれぞれの前 記蒸気圧が、37℃で約75mmHgを超えるものとし(ただし、前記第1の気体および 前記第2の気体は、水蒸気ではないものとする)、 前記膜形成材料により前記第1および第2の気体を囲繞して前記液体中で微小 気泡を形成する 工程を含む、微小気泡の形成方法。 2.請求項1記載の方法において、前記膜形成材料が界面活性剤である方法。 3.請求項2記載の方法において、前記膜形成材料が、非ニュートン性界面活 性剤を含む方法。 4.請求項1記載の方法において、 第1の平均直径を有する微小気泡を最初に形成し、前記微小気泡中の前記第1 の気体対前記第2の気体の最初の比率を少なくとも約1:1とし、 第1の平均直径を有する前記微小気泡を液体媒体と接触させ、 前記膜を通って前記第1の気体が失われる結果として前記微小気泡を前記媒体 中で収縮させた後、 少なくとも1分間、前記第1の直径の約75%未満の第2の平均直径で前記微小 気泡を安定化させる 工程を更に含む方法。 5.請求項4記載の方法において、 前記媒体中に溶解した1または複数の気体の張力が、前記微小気泡内部の同じ 1または複数の気体の分圧以上となるよう、前記膜の両側にまたがる気体浸透圧 の差を設けることにより、 前記微小気泡を前記第2の直径で安定化させる方法。 6.請求項5記載の方法において、前記第1の直径が少なくとも約5μmであ る方法。 7.微小気泡を形成する方法であって、 固体または半固体の実質的に液体可溶性の空隙含有構造体であって、約100μ m未満の直径を有する多数の空隙を画成する前記空隙含有構造体を設け、 前記空隙内に気体を存在させ、 界面活性剤を存在させ、 前記空隙含有構造体と、前記気体と、前記界面活性剤とを、前記空隙含有構造 体を溶解しうる液体と混合して存在させ、 前記空隙含有構造体を前記液体に溶解させ、これにより前記封入体中の気体が 、前記界面活性剤によって囲繞された微小気泡を形成する 工程を含む、微小気泡の形成方法。 8.請求項7記載の方法において、前記空隙含有構造体が微小球体である方法 。 9.請求項7記載の方法において、前記微小気泡が、約1:100〜約1000:1 のモル比でそれぞれ存在する第1の気体と第2の気体とを含有する方法。 10.対象物または体の部分もしくは体の腔部の画像を形成する方法であって 、 請求項1記載の微小気泡調製物を前記対象物または体の部分もしくは体の腔部 に導入した後、 前記体の少なくとも一部の画像を超音波または磁気共鳴により形成する 工程を含む、画像形成方法。 11.請求項10記載の方法において、前記体が脊椎動物であり、前記調製物 が、前記脊椎動物の脈管構造に導入される方法。 12.請求項10記載の方法において、前記調製物が、請求項2記載の調製物 である方法。 13.請求項10記載の方法において、前記調製物が、請求項5記載の調製物 である方法。 14.請求項10記載の方法において、前記調製物が、請求項8記載の調製物 である方法。 15.請求項10記載の方法において、請求項1記載の方法により、前記導入 の前に、前記微小気泡調製物を調製する工程を更に含む方法。 16.請求項10記載の方法において、請求項4記載の方法により、前記導入 の前に、前記微小気泡調製物を調製する工程を更に含む方法。 17.請求項10記載の方法において、請求項5記載の方法により、前記導入 の前に、前記微小気泡調製物を調製する工程を更に含む方法。 18.請求項10記載の方法において、請求項7記載の方法により、前記導入 の前に、前記微小気泡調製物を調製する工程を更に含む方法。 19.増加したバイアル内安定性を有する微小気泡を製造する方法であって、 生体適合性の膜形成材料を含有する液体処方物を噴霧乾燥し、これから微小球 体粉体を形成し、 微小球体を気体浸透圧剤と組み合わせ、微小球体を気体浸透圧剤と共に容器内 に保存した後、 水相と粉体とを混合し、この際に前記粉体が実質的に水相に溶解して微小気泡 を形成する 工程を含む、微小気泡の製造方法。 20.請求項19記載の方法において、前記膜形成材料が、澱粉または澱粉誘 導体を含む方法。 21.請求項20記載の方法において、前記膜形成材料が、約500,000を超え る分子量または約12未満のデキストロース等量値を有する澱粉または澱粉誘導体 を含む方法。 22.請求項20記載の方法において、前記澱粉が、ヒドロキシエチル澱粉で ある方法。 23.請求項19記載の方法において、前記膜形成材料が、非ニュートン性界 面活性剤を含む方法。 24.請求項19記載の方法において、前記気体浸透圧剤が、フルオロカーボ ンを含む方法。 25.請求項19記載の方法において、前記膜形成材料が、糖エステルを含む 方法。 26.請求項25記載の方法において、前記糖エステルが、約8未満の親水性 −親油性バランスを備えた成分を有する方法。 27.請求項26記載の方法において、前記糖エステル成分が、ショ糖トリス テアレートである方法。 28.微小気泡を形成する方法であって、 気体浸透圧剤透過型の界面活性剤を含有する粉体を用意し、 前記粉体と水相とを組み合わせる 工程を含む、微小気泡の形成方法。 29.微小気泡を製造する方法であって、 澱粉もしくは澱粉誘導体またはデキストリンおよび/または界面活性剤を含む 噴霧乾燥した処方物を用意し、 前記処方物を透過する、前記噴霧乾燥した処方物と組み合わせた気体浸透圧剤 を用意し、 前記処方物と水相とを組み合わせて、少なくとも約20秒の生体内での半減期を 有する微小気泡を形成する ことを含む、微小気泡の製造方法。 30.請求項29記載の方法において、前記澱粉もしくは澱粉誘導体またはデ キストリンが、噴霧乾燥した微小球体を形成するために、膨張剤と組み合わせて 噴霧乾燥されたものである方法。 31.請求項30記載の方法において、前記膨張剤が、塩化メチレン、フレオ ン113、パーフルオロヘキサン、および二酸化炭素よりなる群から選択される方 法。 32.請求項29記載の方法において、前記噴霧乾燥した処方物が、糖ポリエ ステルを更に含む方法。 33.微小気泡を形成するための装置であって、 気相と、約100μm未満の平均直径を有する多数の空隙を画成する固体または 半固体の実質的に水溶性の空隙含有構造体とを内蔵する第1の隔室と、 水性液体を内蔵する第2の隔室と、 前記第1の隔室または前記第2の隔室内の界面活性剤と、 前記第1および第2の隔室の間に挟持されたシールとを含み、前記気体、前記 空隙含有構造体、前記水性液体、および前記界面活性剤が、前記第1または第2 の隔室内で組み合わされた際に微小気泡を形成するよう適合したものである、装 置。 34.請求項33記載の装置において、前記気相が、25℃かつ1気圧で約0.5m M以下の水に対する溶解度を有する気体浸透圧剤を含む装置。 35.請求項33記載の装置において、前記第1および第2の隔室が設けられ 、前記シールおよび前記水性液体が、前記気相と前記容器の外部との間に挟持さ れた容器を更に含む装置。 36.請求項35記載の装置において、前記容器がガラスである装置。 37.請求項35記載の装置において、前記容器がボトルであり、前記第1の 隔室が1つのみの開口を有し、これが前記シールにより閉鎖されている装置。 38.請求項35記載の装置において、前記容器が注射器である装置。 39.請求項38記載の装置において、前記注射器が、前記第1および第2の 隔室が位置するバレルと、前記第2の隔室に隣接するが、前記水性液体および前 記シールにより前記第1の隔室から分離されたプランジャとを有する装置。 40.請求項33記載の装置において、前記空隙含有構造体が、噴霧乾燥した 澱粉または噴霧乾燥した澱粉誘導体を含む装置。 41.請求項33記載の装置において、前記空隙含有構造体が、界面活性剤を 含む装置。 42.請求項41記載の装置において、前記界面活性剤が、非ニュートン性界 面活性剤である装置。 43.請求項33記載の装置において、前記界面活性剤の成分が、少なくとも 12の親水性/親油性バランスを有する装置。 44.請求項33記載の装置において、前記第1の隔室が、形成される微小気 泡の生体内半減期を増加させるのに有効な8未満のHLBを有する所定量の糖エス テルを含む装置。 45.請求項33記載の装置において、前記空隙含有構造体が、噴霧乾燥した 微小球体を含む装置。 46.請求項45記載の装置において、前記微小球体が、界面活性剤と、(a) 澱粉もしくは澱粉誘導体またはデキストリン、または(b)糖エステルのいずれか とを含む装置。 47.噴霧乾燥した微小球体組成物であって、約100μm未満の平均直径を有 し、(a)澱粉もしくは澱粉誘導体またはデキストリン、または(b)約8未満の親水 性/親油性バランスを備えた成分を有する糖エステルと組み合わせた界面活性剤 を含む、微小球体組成物。 48.請求項47記載の微小球体組成物において、前記微小球体中にフルオロ カーボン気体を更に含む微小球体組成物。 49.微小気泡を調製する際に使用するためのキットであって、 封止した容器と、 前記容器内の液体と、 前記容器内の界面活性剤と、 前記容器内のフルオロカーボン気体とを含み、前記液体、前記界面活性剤、お よび前記フルオロカーボン気体または蒸気が、これにエネルギーを加えた際に微 小気泡を形成するよう互いに適合したものである、キット。 50.請求項49記載のキットにおいて、前記容器内に、前記容器内で微小気 泡を形成するのに十分な外部エネルギーの前記液体への伝達を可能にするための 手段を更に含むキット。 51.請求項50記載のキットにおいて、前記伝達のための手段が、約0.5mm 未満の厚さを有する可撓性の重合体膜を含むキット。 52.請求項49記載のキットにおいて、前記容器内に非フルオロカーボン気 体を更に含み、前記非フルオロカーボン気体対前記フルオロカーボン気体のモル 比が、約1:10〜約1000:1である(ただし、前記非フルオロカーボン気体は水 蒸気ではないものとする)キット。 53.安定化された気体で満たされた微小気泡調製物であって、 微小気泡を形成するための概して球形の膜内にある、1または複数の第1の気 体と、1または複数の第2の気体との混合物を含み、前記第1の気体と前記第2 の気体とが、それぞれ約1:100〜約1,000:1のモル比で存在し、xを37℃での 第2の気体の蒸気圧としたときに、前記第1の気体が、37℃で少なくとも約 (760−x)mmHgの蒸気圧を有し、前記第1および第2の気体のそれぞれの前記 蒸気圧が、37℃で約75mmHgを超える(ただし、前記第1の気体および前記第2の 気体は、水蒸気ではないものとする)ものである、微小気泡調製物。 54.安定化された気体で満たされた微小気泡調製物であって、 容器と、 微小気泡を形成するための概して球形の膜内にある、1または複数の第1の気 体と1または複数の第2の気体との、前記容器内の混合物とを含み、前記第1の 気体と前記第2の気体とが、それぞれ約1:100〜約1000:1のモル比で存在し 、xを37℃での第2の気体の蒸気圧としたときに、前記第1の気体が、37℃で少 なくとも約(760−x)mmHgの蒸気圧を有し、前記第1および第2の気体のそれ ぞれの前記蒸気圧が、37℃で約75mmHgを超える(ただし、前記第1の気体および 前記第2の気体は、水蒸気ではないものとする)ものである、微小気泡調製物。 55.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記第2の気体がフルオロカーボン を含み、前記第1の気体が非フルオロカーボンである調製物。 56.請求項55記載の調製物において、前記第1の気体が、窒素、酸素、二 酸化炭素、またはこれらの混合物を含む調製物。 57.請求項55記載の調製物において、 前記微小気泡が液体媒体中にあって、第1の平均直径を有し、 前記微小気泡中の前記第1の気体対前記第2の気体の比率が少なくとも1:1 であり、 前記微小気泡は、前記膜を通って前記第1の気体が失われる結果として、前記 第1の直径の約75%未満の第2の平均直径へと前記媒体中で収縮した後、前記膜 の両側にまたがる気体浸透圧の差の結果として、少なくとも約1分間前記第2の 直径またはその近傍で安定化されて維持されるよう適合した調製物。 58.請求項57記載の調製物において、前記媒体が水性である調製物。 59.請求項57記載の調製物において、前記媒体が容器内にあり、前記微小 気泡が前記容器内で形成されたものである調製物。 60.請求項57記載の調製物において、前記媒体が、生体内の血液である調 製物。 61.請求項57記載の調製物において、前記液体媒体が、少なくとも約700m mHgの気体張力でその中に溶解した1または複数の気体を含有し、前記第1の直 径が少なくとも約5μmであり、前記媒体に溶解した1または複数の気体の張力 が、前記微小気泡内部の同じ1または複数の気体の圧力より小さい調製物。 62.請求項57記載の調製物において、前記第1の直径が少なくとも約10μ mであり、前記第2の直径が、約1μm〜約6μmである調製物。 63.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記第2の気体が、前記第1の気体 の少なくとも約4倍の平均分子量を有する調製物。 64.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記第2の気体が、37℃で約750mmH g未満の蒸気圧を有する調製物。 65.請求項64記載の調製物において、前記第1の気体対前記第2の気体の 前記モル比が、約1:10〜約500:1である調製物。 66.請求項64記載の調製物において、前記第2の気体がフルオロカーボン を含み、前記第1の気体が非フルオロカーボンである調製物。 67.請求項66記載の調製物において、前記第2の気体が、少なくとも2つ のフルオロカーボンを含む調製物。 68.請求項66記載の調製物において、前記第2の気体が、パーフルオロカ ーボンを含む調製物。 69.請求項64記載の調製物において、前記第1の気体および前記第2の気 体の両者がフルオロカーボンを含む調製物。 70.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記微小気泡が、前記第1の気体と して、または前記第2の気体として、または前記第1および第2の気体のそれぞ れとして、約1:10〜約10:1の比率で、気体状のパーフルオロブタンおよびパ ーフルオロヘキサンを含有する調製物。 71.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記微小気泡が、前記第1の気体と して、または前記第2の気体として、または前記第1および第2の気体のそれぞ れとして、約1:10〜約10:1の比率で、気体状のパーフルオロブタンおよびパ ーフルオロペンタンを含有する調製物。 72.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記第2の気体が、25℃で1気圧に おいて約0.5mM以下の水に対する溶解度を有し、前記第1の気体が、前記第2の 気体より少なくとも10倍大きい水に対する溶解度を有する調製物。 73.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記第1の気体に対する膜の透過性 が、前記第2の気体に対する前記膜の透過性より、少なくとも約5倍大きい調製 物。 74.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記微小気泡と混合した液体を前記 容器内に更に含み、前記容器は、超音波処理による前記微小気泡の形成を可能と するために、十分な超音波エネルギーを前記液体に伝達するための手段を更に含 む調製物。 75.請求項74記載の調製物において、前記伝達のための手段が、約0.5mm 未満の厚さを有する可撓性の重合体材料を含む調製物。 76.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記膜が界面活性剤である調製物。 77.請求項76記載の調製物において、前記界面活性剤が、非ニュートン性 の粘弾性界面活性剤を含む調製物。 78.請求項76記載の調製物において、前記界面活性剤が、炭水化物である 調製物。 79.請求項78記載の調製物において、前記炭水化物が、多糖類である調製 物。 80.請求項76記載の調製物において、前記界面活性剤が、糖の脂肪酸エス テルである調製物。 81.請求項76記載の調製物において、前記界面活性剤が、ショ糖ステアレ ートである調製物。 82.請求項76記載の調製物において、前記界面活性剤が、蛋白質性のもの である調製物。 83.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記膜が、固体または半固体である 調製物。 84.請求項54記載の調製物において、前記膜が、蛋白質性の材料である調 製物。 85.請求項84記載の調製物において、前記蛋白質性の材料が、アルブミン である調製物。 86.微小気泡を調製する際に使用するためのキットであって、 容器と、 前記容器内の乾燥させた液体可溶性の空隙含有構造体であって、約100μm未 満の平均直径を有する多数の空隙を画成する前記空隙含有構造体と、 前記空隙内の気体と、 界面活性剤とを含み、前記空隙含有構造体、前記気体、および前記界面活性剤 は、前記空隙含有構造体を溶解しうる液体を前記容器に添加した際に、微小気泡 を形成するよう互いに適合している、キット。 87.請求項86記載のキットにおいて、前記空隙含有構造体が、少なくとも 部分的に前記界面活性剤を含むキット。 88.請求項86記載のキットにおいて、前記界面活性剤が、非ニュートン性 の粘弾性界面活性剤であるキット。 89.請求項86記載のキットにおいて、前記界面活性剤が、糖の脂肪酸エス テルであるキット。 90.請求項86記載のキットにおいて、前記界面活性剤が、ショ糖ステアレ ートであるキット。 91.請求項86記載のキットにおいて、前記空隙含有構造体が、蛋白質性の ものであるキット。 92.請求項86記載のキットにおいて、前記空隙含有構造体が、炭水化物に より形成されるキット。
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JP2007126467A (ja) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-05-24 | Bracco Research Sa | 超音波造影媒体、この媒体を含む造影剤及び方法 |
JP2010005512A (ja) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-01-14 | Kao Corp | 微細気泡前駆体組成物 |
JP2013507165A (ja) * | 2009-10-12 | 2013-03-04 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 気泡を検出する磁気共鳴撮像システム及び方法 |
WO2018097019A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 微細気泡生成促進剤、微細気泡含有液体、微細気泡含有液体の製造方法および製造装置 |
JPWO2018097019A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-10-17 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 微細気泡生成促進剤、微細気泡含有液体、微細気泡含有液体の製造方法および製造装置 |
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