JPH0663946A - Waste plastic separation and collection method - Google Patents
Waste plastic separation and collection methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0663946A JPH0663946A JP22420992A JP22420992A JPH0663946A JP H0663946 A JPH0663946 A JP H0663946A JP 22420992 A JP22420992 A JP 22420992A JP 22420992 A JP22420992 A JP 22420992A JP H0663946 A JPH0663946 A JP H0663946A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cyclone
- specific gravity
- waste plastic
- gravity material
- plastic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- -1 ether ester Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002114 octoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 プラスチックがいかなる形状をなしていて
も、これをサイクロンによって高比重物と低比重物とに
効率的かつ高収率に分離回収できる方法を提供する。
【構成】 廃プラスチックの混合物をサイクロン方式で
高比重物と低比重物とに分離するに当たり、サイクロン
の前流で廃プラスチックを濡れ性付与処理に付すことを
特徴とする廃プラスチックの分離回収方法である。
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a method capable of efficiently separating and recovering a plastic having any shape into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone in a high yield. [Structure] When separating a mixture of waste plastics into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone method, the waste plastics are subjected to a wettability imparting treatment in the upstream of the cyclone. is there.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、種々の廃プラスチック
の混合物をサイクロン方式で高比重物と低比重物とに分
離し、これらを別々に回収する方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for separating a mixture of various waste plastics into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone method and recovering them separately.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ポリ塩化ビニルを含むプラスチック廃棄
物を一括処理すると、回収プラスチックをリサイクルす
る場合、多種類のプラスチックが混在するため、リサイ
クルプラスチックの質が低下し、また、回収プラスチッ
クを焼却処理する場合は、混在するポリ塩化ビニルの焼
却に伴って塩化水素ガスが発生し、これが焼却炉を損傷
し、さらには公害の発生原因にもなる。2. Description of the Related Art When plastic waste containing polyvinyl chloride is collectively processed, when recycled plastics are recycled, many kinds of plastics are mixed, the quality of recycled plastics deteriorates, and the recovered plastics are incinerated. In this case, hydrogen chloride gas is generated along with the incineration of the mixed polyvinyl chloride, which damages the incinerator and causes pollution.
【０００３】従来のサイクロン方式による廃プラスチッ
ク混合物の分離回収方法では、図４に示すように、攪拌
機(21)を備えた混合槽(22)に廃プラスチック片を投入
し、水で分散させる。ついでこの分散液をポンプ(23)を
介してサイクロン(24)へ送り、サイクロン(24)の頂部か
ら低比重のプラスチックを、同底部から高比重のプラス
チックをそれぞれ分離回収する。また、分離効率を上げ
るには、サイクロンの段数を増すなどの方策を取る。In a conventional method for separating and collecting a waste plastic mixture by a cyclone system, as shown in FIG. 4, waste plastic pieces are put into a mixing tank (22) equipped with a stirrer (21) and dispersed with water. Then, this dispersion liquid is sent to the cyclone (24) through the pump (23) to separate and collect the low specific gravity plastic from the top of the cyclone (24) and the high specific gravity plastic from the bottom thereof. In order to improve the separation efficiency, take measures such as increasing the number of cyclone stages.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上述した従来
の方法では、処理すべき廃プラスチックが凹凸状の複雑
な形状をなす場合には、廃プラスチック片は水中分散状
態でプラスチック表面に気泡を抱いている。したがっ
て、この分散液がサイクロンを通過すると、本来なら重
液側（高比重物回収側）に回収されるべき高比重の廃プ
ラスチックが、気泡を抱き込んだことによってみかけ上
比重の低下を招いて軽液側（低比重物回収側）に回収さ
れ、分離効率が悪くなる。However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, when the waste plastic to be treated has an uneven and complicated shape, the waste plastic pieces are dispersed in water and contain air bubbles on the plastic surface. ing. Therefore, when this dispersion passes through the cyclone, the waste plastic with a high specific gravity, which should have been normally recovered on the heavy liquid side (high specific gravity material recovery side), causes the apparent specific gravity to drop due to the inclusion of air bubbles. It is collected on the light liquid side (low specific gravity material recovery side), and the separation efficiency deteriorates.
【０００５】本発明は、上記の点に鑑み、プラスチック
がいかなる形状をなしていても、これをサイクロンによ
って高比重物と低比重物とに効率的かつ高収率に分離回
収できる方法を提供することを目的とする。In view of the above points, the present invention provides a method for efficiently separating a plastic having any shape into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone in a high yield. The purpose is to
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によるプラスチッ
クの分離回収方法は、上記目的を達成すべく工夫された
ものであって、廃プラスチックの混合物をサイクロン方
式で高比重物と低比重物とに分離するに当たり、サイク
ロンの前流で廃プラスチックを濡れ性付与処理に付すこ
とを特徴とするものである。The method for separating and recovering plastics according to the present invention has been devised to achieve the above object, and a mixture of waste plastics is converted into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone method. In separating, the waste plastic is subjected to a wettability imparting treatment in the upstream of the cyclone.
【０００７】適用される濡れ性付与処理としては、次の
ような態様が可能である。The wettability imparting treatment applied may be in the following modes.
【０００８】ａ）図１に示すように、サイクロン前流の
混合槽(2) またはここからサイクロン(4) への供給ライ
ン(7) において界面活性剤ないしその水溶液を添加し、
分離すべき廃プラスチックを界面活性剤で前処理して廃
プラスチックの表面に界面活性剤の薄膜を形成する。A) As shown in FIG. 1, a surfactant or an aqueous solution thereof is added in a mixing tank (2) in the cyclone front flow or in a supply line (7) from this to the cyclone (4),
The waste plastic to be separated is pretreated with a surfactant to form a thin film of the surfactant on the surface of the waste plastic.
【０００９】ｂ）図２に示すように、界面活性剤を含む
水溶液を調製して界面活性剤槽(5)に貯え、廃プラスチ
ックを籠(6) に入れて、上記界面活性剤水溶液中に浸漬
し、廃プラスチックの表面に付着していた気泡や汚れを
取り除くと共に、同表面に界面活性剤の薄膜を形成して
から、水切り後、前処理済みの廃プラスチックを混合槽
(2) に投入する。B) As shown in FIG. 2, an aqueous solution containing a surfactant is prepared and stored in a surfactant tank (5), and waste plastic is put in a basket (6) and placed in the above surfactant aqueous solution. Immerse and remove air bubbles and dirt adhering to the surface of the waste plastic, form a thin film of surfactant on the surface, drain the water, and then mix the pretreated waste plastic with a mixing tank.
Add to (2).
【００１０】ｃ）図３に示すように、分離すべき廃プラ
スチックを籠(8) に入れて、水蒸気流通容器(9) 内で廃
プラスチックに水蒸気をあて、廃プラスチックの細孔内
の空気を脱気した後、細孔内に液化水をしみ込ませてか
ら、前処理済みの廃プラスチックを混合槽(2) に投入す
る。C) As shown in FIG. 3, the waste plastic to be separated is placed in a basket (8), steam is applied to the waste plastic in a steam distribution container (9), and the air in the pores of the waste plastic is removed. After degassing, the pores are soaked with liquefied water, and then the pretreated waste plastic is put into the mixing tank (2).
【００１１】ｄ）界面活性剤の代わりに、水の表面張力
を下げるエタノールなどを用いて、上記ａ）、ｂ）また
はｃ）と同じ操作を行う。D) The same operation as the above a), b) or c) is performed using ethanol or the like which lowers the surface tension of water instead of the surfactant.
【００１２】界面活性剤としては非イオン界面活性剤が
好ましく、エーテル型、エーテルエステル型およびエス
テル型のもののうちから最適のものが選定される。界面
活性剤の濃度は限定はされないが、比較的高濃度（１５
０ｐｐｍ以上が好ましい）である。The surfactant is preferably a nonionic surfactant, and the most suitable one is selected from the ether type, ether ester type and ester type. The concentration of the surfactant is not limited, but it is relatively high (15
0 ppm or more is preferable).
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】本発明による廃プラスチックの分離回収方法で
は、廃プラスチックの混合物をサイクロン方式で高比重
物と低比重物とに分離するに当たり、サイクロンの前流
で廃プラスチックを濡れ性付与処理に付すので、サイク
ロン処理前に廃プラスチックと水との濡れ性を増加させ
ることができる。その結果、廃プラスチックをその表面
に気泡を抱き込ませない状態でサイクロンに供給するこ
とができる。したがって、廃プラスチックの形状に関係
なくこれをサイクロンによって高比重物と低比重物とに
完全に区分して、これらを効率的かつ高収率に分離回収
することができる。In the method for separating and recovering waste plastics according to the present invention, when separating a mixture of waste plastics into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone method, the waste plastics are subjected to a wettability imparting treatment in the upstream of the cyclone. The wettability between waste plastic and water before cyclone treatment can be increased. As a result, the waste plastic can be supplied to the cyclone without causing air bubbles to be trapped on its surface. Therefore, regardless of the shape of the waste plastic, it can be completely separated into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone, and these can be efficiently separated and recovered in a high yield.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】つぎに、本発明による廃プラスチックの分離
回収方法を実施例により具体的に説明する。EXAMPLES Next, the method for separating and collecting waste plastics according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.
【００１５】実施例 図２において、まず、非イオン界面活性剤の水溶液とし
て、２５０ｐｐｍのポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニ
ルエーテル水溶液を調製し、界面活性剤槽(5)に貯え
た。ポリエチレン（比重０．９３）１kg、ポリ塩化ビニ
ル（軟質、比重１．１９）１kgおよびポリ塩化ビニル
（硬質、比重１．３５）１kgからなる廃プラスチック片
を籠(6) に入れて、上記界面活性剤水溶液に浸漬した。
ついで、水切り後、この前処理済みの廃プラスチック片
を、攪拌機(1) を備えた１ｍ3 の混合槽(2) に投入し、
水で分散させた。ついでこの分散液をポンプ(3) を介し
てサイクロン(4) へサイクロン入口流速３ｍ／sec で送
り、サイクロン(4) に通した。サイクロン(4) の頂部か
ら低比重のプラスチックであるポリエチレンを回収率８
７％で分離回収し、同底部から高比重のプラスチックで
あるポリ塩化ビニルを回収率１３％（硬質、軟質含む）
で分離回収した。Example In FIG. 2, first, a 250 ppm polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether aqueous solution was prepared as an aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant, and stored in a surfactant tank (5). A waste plastic piece consisting of 1 kg of polyethylene (specific gravity 0.93), 1 kg of polyvinyl chloride (soft, specific gravity 1.19) and 1 kg of polyvinyl chloride (hard, specific gravity 1.35) is put in the basket (6) and the above interface is applied. It was immersed in an activator aqueous solution.
Then, after draining, the pretreated waste plastic pieces were put into a 1 m 3 mixing tank (2) equipped with a stirrer (1),
Dispersed with water. Then, this dispersion liquid was sent to the cyclone (4) via the pump (3) at a cyclone inlet flow rate of 3 m / sec and passed through the cyclone (4). Recovery of polyethylene, a low-density plastic, from the top of the cyclone (4) 8
Separation and collection at 7%, and polyvinyl chloride, which is a plastic with high specific gravity, from the bottom is 13% (including hard and soft)
It was separated and collected in.
【００１６】比較例 非イオン界面活性剤の水溶液による廃プラスチックの浸
漬を行わない点を除いて、実施例と同じ操作を行ったと
ころ、ポリエチレンの回収率は８２％で、ポリ塩化ビニ
ル（硬質、軟質含む）の回収率は１８％であった。Comparative Example The same operation as in Example was carried out except that the waste plastic was not soaked in an aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant. As a result, the recovery rate of polyethylene was 82% and polyvinyl chloride (hard, The recovery rate (including soft) was 18%.
【００１７】実施例および比較例の結果から明らかなよ
うに、本発明方法によれば軽液側に混ざって回収される
ポリ塩化ビニルの量が減少し、本発明方法の優れている
ことが認められる。As is clear from the results of Examples and Comparative Examples, the method of the present invention was found to be superior to the method of the present invention because the amount of polyvinyl chloride mixed and recovered on the light liquid side was reduced. To be
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】本発明による廃プラスチックの分離回収
方法は、上記の如く構成されているので、廃プラスチッ
クと水との濡れ性を増加させることができる。その結
果、廃プラスチックをその表面に気泡を抱き込ませない
状態でサイクロンに供給することができる。したがっ
て、廃プラスチックの形状に関係なくこれをサイクロン
によって高比重物と低比重物とに効率的かつ高収率に分
離回収することができる。Since the method for separating and recovering waste plastic according to the present invention is constructed as described above, the wettability between the waste plastic and water can be increased. As a result, the waste plastic can be supplied to the cyclone without causing air bubbles to be trapped on its surface. Therefore, regardless of the shape of the waste plastic, it can be efficiently separated and recovered into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone.
【図１】本発明方法のサイクロン方式による分離回収方
式を示すフローシートである。FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing a separation and collection method by a cyclone method of the present invention.
【図２】本発明方法のサイクロン方式による分離回収方
式を示すフローシートである。FIG. 2 is a flow sheet showing a separation and recovery method by a cyclone method of the present invention.
【図３】本発明方法のサイクロン方式による分離回収方
式を示すフローシートである。FIG. 3 is a flow sheet showing a separation and recovery method by a cyclone method of the present invention.
【図４】従来方法のサイクロン方式による分離回収方式
を示すフローシートである。FIG. 4 is a flow sheet showing a conventional separation / recovery method using a cyclone method.
(2) …混合槽 (4) …サイクロン (5) …界面活性剤槽 (7) …供給ライン (9) …水蒸気流通容器 (2)… Mixing tank (4)… Cyclone (5)… Surfactant tank (7)… Supply line (9)… Water vapor distribution container
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 // Ｂ２９Ｋ 105:26 (72)発明者 高倉 千登世 大阪市此花区西九条５丁目３番28号 日立 造船株式会社内─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification number Internal reference number FI technical display location // B29K 105: 26 (72) Inventor Chitoyo Takakura 5-3-3, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka Within Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
式で高比重物と低比重物とに分離するに当たり、サイク
ロンの前流で廃プラスチックを濡れ性付与処理に付すこ
とを特徴とする廃プラスチックの分離回収方法。1. When separating a mixture of waste plastics into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by a cyclone method, the waste plastics are subjected to a wettability imparting treatment in the upstream of the cyclone, and separation and recovery of the waste plastics. Method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22420992A JPH0663946A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1992-08-24 | Waste plastic separation and collection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22420992A JPH0663946A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1992-08-24 | Waste plastic separation and collection method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0663946A true JPH0663946A (en) | 1994-03-08 |
Family
ID=16810236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22420992A Withdrawn JPH0663946A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1992-08-24 | Waste plastic separation and collection method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0663946A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07276366A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-24 | Shinagawa Fuel Co Ltd | Classification method of waste plastic |
| WO1998041374A1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Disposal system for plastic |
| US6588597B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 2003-07-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Disposal system for plastic |
-
1992
- 1992-08-24 JP JP22420992A patent/JPH0663946A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07276366A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-24 | Shinagawa Fuel Co Ltd | Classification method of waste plastic |
| WO1998041374A1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Disposal system for plastic |
| US6588597B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 2003-07-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Disposal system for plastic |
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