JPH06133468A - Method for charging closed type nickel-hydrogen storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To display the capacity of a battery sufficiently and to achieve a long life by suppressing the increase in pressure in a closed type nickel-hydrogen storage battery at the final period of charging, and performing the optimum trickle charging thereafter. CONSTITUTION:The detection of the increase in pressure in a battery, the detection of battery- temperature rising speed, the detection of battery temperature rising, the detection of the flat part of a charging voltage or the detection of the attenuation of the charging voltage and the like and the detection of battery temperature are combined. The charging state of the battery is judged with the charging voltage at the start of charging, and the charging current is decreased. The charging current is controlled in conformity with the battery group having the highest voltage among the charging voltages of the individual battery groups to be charged. The charging voltages of the individual battery groups are compared, and it is judged that the batteries having the different charged states are mixed when the variation width of the charging voltages is large. Then, the charging current is controlled. These processes are performed. The battery temperature is measured in trickle charging. The lower the temperature, the smaller the quantity of electricity in overcharge. The control of the quantity of charging electricity is not performed at 20 deg. or more. Thus, the self discharging at high temperature is compensated, and inactivation at a negative electrode at low temperature is suppressed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging system for a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery, and more particularly to a charging system suitable for rapid charging of a plurality of batteries having an electrode group having a laminated structure and trickle charging.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, sealed nickel-hydrogen storage batteries have been in the spotlight due to their high capacity and the fact that Cd is not used. However, a charging method similar to that of the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery is often used as the charging method of the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery. This is because the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery and the sealed alkaline storage battery have similar charge voltage behaviors. However, there are two major differences in the charging characteristics of these batteries. First, the first different point is shown below. In the case of a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery, the internal pressure of the battery rises during overcharging. This is mainly due to oxygen generated from the positive electrode during overcharge. Oxygen is absorbed by the negative electrode and the rise in internal pressure of the battery is suppressed, but this reaction is accelerated as the battery temperature increases. Therefore, in the sealed nickel-cadmium battery, the battery internal pressure decreases as the battery temperature rises when overcharged. On the other hand, in the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, the internal pressure of the battery rises at a low temperature for the same reason, but even at a high temperature, the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure of the hydrogen storage alloy used for the negative electrode rises and the internal pressure of the battery rises.

The second difference is that when trickle charging is performed at a low temperature for a long time, the Cd electrode does not change but the hydrogen storage electrode is inactivated. Therefore, when trickle charging is performed in the same manner as the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery, the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery cannot be discharged.

[0004]

When the same charging method is applied due to the above-described difference in behavior during charging, the following problems 1 to 4 occur.

A first problem is that in a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery using a hydrogen storage alloy for the negative electrode, the hydrogen storage equilibrium pressure of the alloy increases when the temperature rises. Therefore, during overcharging during rapid charging, the battery internal pressure rises as the battery temperature rises. Therefore, when the same charging method as that of the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery, in which the battery internal pressure decreases as the temperature rises during overcharging, the battery internal pressure rises, and there is a problem that the sealed system is broken and the life is shortened. For example, there is a charging system for a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery that detects the rising speed of the battery temperature and attenuates the charging current, but the characteristic is that a constant amount of charge electricity can be obtained from low temperature to high temperature. Therefore, when used in a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, the internal pressure becomes high at high temperature.
As other methods, a charging method using the difference between the ambient temperature and the battery temperature, detection of the maximum value of the charging voltage (hereinafter referred to as "V peak detection") and reduction of the charging voltage (hereinafter referred to as "minus delta V detection") Etc., but similar results are shown. On the other hand, although there is also a battery temperature detector added, it works as a safety device when charging control does not work well,
The purpose is to prevent thermal deterioration of battery components due to abnormal temperature rise of the battery. Therefore, many of them operate at 60 ° C to 80 ° C, and the control accuracy is insufficient because a temperature fuse or a bimetal system is used for the detector. As described above, when the conventional charging method of the sealed nickel-cadmium battery is used for the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery, it is not possible to sufficiently prevent the internal pressure of the battery from rising due to the temperature rise of the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery. The above is the first problem.

A second problem is that when a charger based on these conventional charging methods is charged again immediately after completion of rapid charging, the temperature has already risen in the case of a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery. Therefore, the internal pressure of the battery does not rise so much, but in the case of the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, the internal pressure rises on the contrary.

A third problem is that when a plurality of batteries are conventionally charged, the voltage of the entire battery group is detected in order to detect the charging voltage of the batteries, but when there is a variation in the charging state, some batteries are This is a problem that the battery is overcharged with a large current before the charge control is activated. In the case of a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery, even if deep overcharge is entered, heat generation of the battery promotes absorption of oxygen gas, and the internal pressure of the battery rarely rises. However, in the case of a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery, the internal pressure of the battery rises with heat generation.

A fourth problem is a decrease in discharge voltage after low temperature overcharge. Conventionally, a method of continuously supplying a charging current equivalent to 1 / 30C to 0.2C to compensate for self-discharge after performing rapid charging is often adopted. In the case of a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, unlike a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery, if there is a large amount of electricity for overcharging at low temperatures, for example, if the electrode is overcharged at 500% or more of the standard capacity of the battery in an ambient temperature of 0 ° C, the electrode It becomes inactive and the discharge voltage drops.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to suppress an increase in the internal pressure of a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery at the end of charging when charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries, particularly batteries having a laminated electrode group, and is optimal thereafter. It is to provide a charging system that solves four problems by fully performing trickle charging, makes full use of the battery capacity, and achieves a long life.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a charging system for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery according to the present invention comprises a positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material, a negative electrode containing hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and measures the temperature and temperature rising rate of a specific part of the battery,
It is characterized in that the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or shifted to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2C or less one or more times when either one or both exceeds a preset value. .

The temperature as the set value is 45 ° C. to 60 ° C.
And the rate of temperature rise are preferably in the range of 0.05 to 2 deg / min.

Further, the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is embedded in the electrode terminal of the battery, installed on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery and provided with a heat insulating layer so as to cover it, or It is preferably provided in a polypropylene tube arranged in a battery case.

The charging current may be reduced either discontinuously or continuously. In addition, the amount of electricity charged in the charging area after the charging current has decayed is 6 at a battery temperature of 10 ° C to 20 ° C.
00% or less, 500% or less at 0 ° C to 10 ° C, 0
It is preferable to regulate to 400% or less at a temperature of not higher than 0 ° C.

Further, as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity, it is preferable to use a timer for regulating the charging time.

When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charge amount is 15
It is preferable to regulate it to 0% or less. Also in this case, it is preferable to use a timer that regulates the charging time as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity.

When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, the battery groups are divided into one or more groups wired in series, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged for each group. Even if one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current is 10C to 0.1C.
Is preferably stopped or transferred to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2 C or less one or more times.

In addition to the temperature detection, it is preferable to stop charging when the battery charging voltage exceeds a voltage set in advance corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. In this case, the voltage setting value is 0 per cell.
1.7V to 1.9V below ℃, 1.6V to above 0 ℃
It is preferably in the range of 1.8V.

The charging system for the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery according to the present invention comprises a positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a hydrogen storage alloy as the main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and the temperature of a specific part of the battery during charging and the placement of the battery. The ambient temperature is measured, and either the temperature difference between them or the temperature of a specific part of the battery or both exceeds the preset value, and the initial charging current of 10C to 0.1C is stopped or becomes lower than the former. In addition, it is characterized in that the current is transferred to the current in the range of 0.2 C or less once or more.

The temperature as the set value is 45 ° C. to 60 ° C.
And the temperature difference from the ambient temperature is preferably in the range of 10 ° C to 30 ° C.

Regarding the measurement of the environmental temperature, the thermal insulation layer is provided between the measurement site and the battery, and the battery is housed in a container provided with a ventilation hole or a thin portion between the measurement site and the outside air to store the environment temperature. Is preferably measured.

Further, it is preferable that a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is installed on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery, and a heat insulating layer is provided so as to cover the surface.

The charging current may be reduced either discontinuously or continuously. Further, the charge electricity amount in the charge region after the charge current is attenuated is 6 at a battery temperature of 10 ° C to 20 ° C.
00% or less, 500% or less at 0 ° C to 10 ° C, 0
It is preferable to regulate to 400% or less at a temperature of not higher than 0 ° C.

Further, as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity, it is preferable to use a timer for regulating the charging time.

When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charged electricity is 15
It is preferable to regulate it to 0% or less. Also in this case, it is preferable to use a timer that regulates the charging time as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity.

When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-hydrogen storage batteries wired in series, the battery group is wired in series.
It is divided into two or more groups, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged for each group, and even if one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or becomes lower than the former. Moreover, it is preferable to shift the current to the range of 0.2 C or less once or more.

In addition to the temperature detection, it is preferable to stop charging when the battery charging voltage exceeds a voltage set in advance corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. In this case, the voltage setting value is 0 per cell.
1.7V to 1.9V below ℃, 1.6V to above 0 ℃
It is preferably in the range of 1.8V.

Further, the charging method of the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery of the present invention is a sealed type in which a positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material, a negative electrode containing a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generating element. This is a nickel-metal hydride battery charging method, in which the temperature of a specific part of the battery before and during charging is measured, and the preset values for each are set to the difference between the temperature before charging and the temperature during charging, the battery If either or both of the temperatures are exceeded,
It is characterized in that the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or shifted to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2C or less once or more.

The set value of the temperature difference before and during charging of the battery is in the range of 10 to 30 ° C., and the set value of the battery temperature during charging is 4
It is preferably in the range of 5 to 60 ° C.

Further, the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is embedded in the electrode terminal of the battery, installed on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery and provided with a heat insulating layer so as to cover it, or the temperature sensor of the battery. It is preferably provided in a polypropylene tube arranged in a battery case.

The charging current may be reduced either discontinuously or continuously. Further, the charge electricity amount in the charge region after the charge current is attenuated is 6 at a battery temperature of 10 ° C to 20 ° C.
00% or less, 500% or less at 0 ° C to 10 ° C, 0
It is preferable to regulate to 400% or less at a temperature of not higher than 0 ° C.

Further, as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity, it is preferable to use a timer for regulating the charging time.

When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charged electricity is 15
It is preferable to regulate it to 0% or less. Also in this case, it is preferable to use a timer that regulates the charging time as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity.

Further, when charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, the battery groups are divided into one or more groups wired in series, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged in each group. , Even if one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1
It is preferable that C be stopped or transferred once or more to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2 C or less.

In addition to the temperature detection, it is preferable to stop charging when the battery charging voltage exceeds a voltage set in advance corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. In this case, the voltage setting value is 0 per cell.
1.7V to 1.9V below ℃, 1.6V to above 0 ℃
It is preferably in the range of 1.8V.

The charging method of the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery of the present invention is a sealed system having a positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material, a negative electrode containing a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generating element. A method of charging a nickel-metal hydride storage battery, measuring the temperature of a specific part of the battery during charging and its minimum temperature, and either one of the difference between the minimum temperature during charging and the temperature during charging, or the battery temperature, or It is characterized in that the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or shifted to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2C or less once or more by both exceeding the preset value set for each. .

The set value of the difference between the battery minimum temperature and the temperature during charging is preferably in the range of 10 to 30 ° C., and the set value of the battery temperature during charging is preferably in the range of 45 to 60 ° C.

Further, the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific part of the battery is embedded in the electrode terminal of the battery, is installed on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery and is provided with a heat insulating layer so as to cover it, or It is preferably provided in a polypropylene tube arranged in a battery case.

The charging current may be reduced either discontinuously or continuously. Further, the charge electricity amount in the charge region after the charge current is attenuated is 6 at a battery temperature of 10 ° C to 20 ° C.
00% or less, 500% or less at 0 ° C to 10 ° C, 0
It is preferable to regulate to 400% or less at a temperature of not higher than 0 ° C.

Further, as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity, it is preferable to use a timer for regulating the charging time.

When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charged electricity is 15
It is preferable to regulate it to 0% or less. Also in this case, it is preferable to use a timer that regulates the charging time as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity.

When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, the battery groups are divided into one or more groups wired in series, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged in each group. If any one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1
It is preferable that C be stopped or transferred once or more to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2 C or less.

In addition to the temperature detection, it is preferable to stop charging when the battery charging voltage exceeds a voltage set in advance corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. In this case, the voltage setting value is 0 per cell.
1.7V to 1.9V below ℃, 1.6V to above 0 ℃
It is preferably in the range of 1.8V.

The charging system for the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery according to the present invention comprises: a positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material;
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a hydrogen storage alloy as the main material, a separator, and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and measures the temperature and charging voltage of a specific part of the battery and installs it in advance. The first judgment condition is that the battery temperature exceeds the set value, and the differential value of the time of the charging voltage changes from positive to 0 or negative, or it falls below a preset value from positive to negative, charging A combination of at least one of the decrease of the charging voltage from the maximum value of the voltage to a preset value or more is set as the second determination condition, and the initial charging current 10C is set according to one or both of the two determination conditions. It is characterized in that ˜0.1 C is stopped or transferred to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2 C or less once or more.

The set value of the temperature is preferably in the range of 45 ° C to 60 ° C. Also, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of a specific part of the battery is embedded in the electrode terminal of the battery,
It is preferable to install it on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery and provide a heat insulating layer so as to cover it, or to install it in a polypropylene tube arranged in the battery case of the battery.

The charging current may be reduced either discontinuously or continuously. Further, the charge electricity amount in the charge region after the charge current is attenuated is 6 at a battery temperature of 10 ° C to 20 ° C.
00% or less, 500% or less at 0 ° C to 10 ° C, 0
It is preferable to regulate to 400% or less at a temperature of not higher than 0 ° C.

As a method of regulating the amount of charged electricity, it is preferable to use a timer that regulates the charging time.

When a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more is charged, the total charge amount is 15
It is preferable to regulate it to 0% or less. Also in this case, it is preferable to use a timer that regulates the charging time as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity.

When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, the battery groups are divided into one or more groups wired in series, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged in each group. When one of the detected values exceeds the set value, it is preferable to stop the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C or to shift to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2C or less one or more times.

In addition to the charge control, it is preferable to stop the charging when the battery charge voltage exceeds a preset voltage corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. In this case, the voltage setting value is 0 per cell.
1.7V to 1.9V below ℃, 1.6V to above 0 ℃
It is preferably in the range of 1.8V.

The charging system for the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery according to the present invention comprises a positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including a negative electrode containing a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generating element, and a charging current of 10C to
When the charging voltage is higher than a predetermined value after charging the battery at 0.1C for a few seconds to a few minutes, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped, or the initial charging current is lower than the former and less than 0.2C to a current in the range of 1C.
Characterized by shifting more than once.

In measuring the charging voltage, it is preferable to cut off the charging current and measure the battery voltage after several μsec to several tens of msec.

In addition, in the case of charging a battery group in which a plurality of sealed nickel-hydrogen storage batteries are connected in series, the battery group is divided into blocks corresponding to the number of power sources using a plurality of power sources, and the divided battery groups are used. It is preferable to detect the charging voltage for each of the same or smaller number of batteries.

The charging method of the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery according to the present invention is equivalent to the number of power sources using one or a plurality of power supplies when charging a battery group in which a plurality of sealed nickel-hydrogen storage batteries are connected in series. The battery group is divided into blocks to be charged, and at the same time as the divided battery groups, or divided into small blocks for each smaller number of batteries, the charging voltage is detected, and charging is performed at 10C to 0.1C at the initial charging stage. When the spread of the charging voltage distribution of the small block is detected and is larger than a predetermined value, the charging current is changed to a current value of 0.2 C or less and lower than the previous charging current.

Further, the charging method of the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery of the present invention is such that when the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery having a plurality of laminated electrode groups is connected in series to charge the battery group, It is characterized in that a plurality of battery groups are formed by sandwiching plates having good thermal conductivity in the electrode plate group stacking direction, and charging is performed while applying pressure from both sides thereof.

The heat conductive plate preferably has holes penetrating at right angles to the pressing direction and parallel to the gravity direction.

Further, it is preferable that the heat conductive plate has a hole penetrating at right angles to the pressurizing direction, and a refrigerant is flown therein during charging.

The material of the heat conductive plate is Al, M
g, Cu, Ag, or Ti, or 2 to 5 of these
It is preferable to use a single metal plate containing a mixture of seeds as a main component or a combination of members made of these materials in the form of a plate.

In addition, the charging method of the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery of the present invention is such that a positive electrode having a nominal capacity of 10 Ah or more and having nickel oxide as a main material, a negative electrode having a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyzer. A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a liquid as a power generating element, and the differential value of the charging voltage time changes from positive to 0 or negative, or from a positive to negative preset value or less Characterized by stopping charging.

A plurality of batteries may be connected in series. Further, the charging method of the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode having nickel oxide as a main material, a negative electrode having a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, and a sealed nickel having a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generating element. A charging method for a hydrogen storage battery, which has an initial charging current of 10C to
0.1C is stopped or lower than the former and 0.
It is characterized in that an electric quantity of 5% or less of the nominal capacity of the battery is discharged when shifting to a current in the range of 2 C or less.

[0060]

The charging method for the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery of the present invention is, in contrast to the first problem described in the problem to be solved by the invention, a conventional method for detecting an increase in battery internal pressure, battery Battery temperature detection is combined with temperature rate detection, battery temperature rise detection, detection of flat portion of charging voltage or detection of attenuation of charging voltage. The former or the like detects an increase in internal pressure due to oxygen generated from the positive electrode at the end of charging, and the latter detects an increase in hydrogen absorption equilibrium pressure due to a temperature increase and a corresponding increase in battery internal pressure to suppress the increase in battery internal pressure. Therefore, in order to measure the temperature of the battery more accurately, a temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the battery terminal and a heat insulating layer is provided on it to prevent it from being affected by the ambient temperature, or the temperature sensor is embedded inside the battery terminal. , The structure is such that it is installed in a polypropylene tube placed in the battery case. Also, when connecting the battery terminals and lead wires with screws, apply conductive powder or liquid to the threads to reduce contact resistance and suppress Joule heat during charging, and measure the battery temperature. Improve accuracy. Further, the battery being charged is cooled to suppress an increase in battery internal pressure. In the case of charging a plurality of batteries that are configured by stacking a number of electrodes, it has been conventionally performed to charge while pressing the plates to prevent expansion of the pole group in the stacking direction. Is made of a heat conductive material, and holes can be penetrated into the plate to allow cooling air or cooling medium to flow efficiently. Further, in the case of a battery having a nominal capacity of 10 Ah or more, it may be difficult to detect the temperature inside the battery. In such a case, it is effective to detect the maximum value or decrease of the charging voltage. Further, when such detection occurs, the battery internal pressure rises, but when discharging a very small amount of electricity, the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the negative electrode lowers, the hydrogen absorption reaction is accelerated, and the battery internal pressure is reduced.

The energy converted into heat is supplied by charging but does not contribute to discharging. In order to suppress such an increase in internal pressure, it is possible to achieve it by not supplying excessive charging energy. Especially for batteries having a nominal capacity of more than 10 Ah, overcharging of 150% or more is not preferable in terms of energy efficiency.

For the second problem, the charging voltage of the battery at the start of charging is used to judge the state of charge of the battery to reduce the charging current and suppress the rise of the internal pressure of the battery. At this time, the charging voltage of the battery fluctuates due to the internal resistance of the battery.
It is more accurate to measure the battery voltage after scc to several tens of msc.

For the third problem, the battery group to be charged is divided and the charging current is controlled in accordance with the battery group having the highest charging voltage among the individual battery groups, or the individual battery groups are controlled. When the variation range of the charging voltage is large, it is determined that batteries having different charging states are mixed, and the charging current is controlled to suppress the increase in the battery internal pressure of the battery having a large amount of charged electricity.

For the fourth problem, the temperature of the battery is measured during trickle charging, and the lower the electric charge, the smaller the amount of electricity for overcharge.
At 20 ° C. or higher, the charge electricity amount is not regulated to compensate for self-discharge at high temperature and suppress inactivation of the negative electrode at low temperature.

[0065]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below. Example 1 First, a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery as shown in FIG. 1A and a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery as shown in FIG. 1B were prepared as follows.

LaNi ₅ type hydrogen storage alloy known as a negative electrode (hydrogen dissociation pressure at 45 ° C. H / M = 1/0; about 6 × 1)
0 ⁴ Pa) was crushed in an inert atmosphere to obtain a powder having a particle size of 300 mesh or less. A polymer binder was added to this alloy powder, and the foamed metal porous body of the electrode support was filled and pressurized to form a hydrogen storage electrode 1. Similarly, an oxidized cadmium electrode 2 was prepared using a commercially available oxygen cadmium powder. On the other hand, a known nickel electrode 3 is used for the positive electrode, and a nickel lead plate 4 is welded to these electrodes 1, 2 and 3 to form a bag-shaped separator 5 respectively.
Inserted in. In the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, two positive electrode nickel electrodes 3 and three negative electrode hydrogen storage electrodes 1 are alternately stacked and welded to a pole column 6 for collecting current, and inserted into a polypropylene battery case 7. Then, a polypropylene lid plate 8 was welded from above. Further, in the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery, two positive electrode nickel electrodes 3 each and three negative electrode oxide cadmium electrodes 2 are alternately stacked and welded to a pole column 6 for current collection, and a polypropylene battery case 7 is used. Then, a polypropylene lid plate 8 was welded onto it. Then, for both batteries, an O-ring 11 and a washer 12 for sealing were set on the pole 6 as shown in FIG. 2, and fixed with a nut 9 from above.
Further, about 100 cc of KOH aqueous solution was injected, and the safety valve 10 was attached to prepare a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery having a nominal capacity of 40 Ah and a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery having a nominal capacity of 30 Ah.

Next, a commercially available constant current charging device, a temperature measuring device, a voltage measuring device, and a control device were combined to prepare chargers A to L shown in (Table 1).

[0068]

[Table 1]

Each charging terminal and voltage detection terminal was connected to the pole of the battery with a cable and fixed with a nut. The temperature sensor was formed by making a hole with a depth of 20 mm and a diameter of 2φ in the pole and inserting it into the hole. The chargers A to H are connected to a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery, and the chargers I to L are connected to a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery. Environment temperature 0 ℃ and 35 ℃
A life test was conducted at. The results are shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. In carrying out the life test, charging was carried out for 5 hours, discharging was carried out at a constant current of a nominal capacity of 5 hours, and the test was terminated when the battery voltage fell below 1V. As shown, the charger A according to the present invention is
D showed good results at both 0 ° C and 35 ° C, but the conventional example E
-H caused deterioration at 35 ° C. This is probably because the closed system was destroyed because the amount of electricity initially charged was too large. However, the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery is a conventional charger I ~
Degradation did not occur even if L was used. Thus, especially at high temperatures, the use of the charging system according to the present invention suppressed the rise in internal pressure of the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery and improved the life characteristics. In the case of the chargers B and F, the installation position of the temperature sensor that measures the environmental temperature difference affects the accuracy of detection of charging completion. In this study, the measurement was performed far enough from the battery, but if such a configuration cannot be obtained, it is necessary to devise a heat insulating layer between the battery and the device. Further, better results were obtained when a charger having the same configuration as the charger D and discharging 0.5 Ah after V peak detection was used. (Example 2) Two types of the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery prepared in Example 1 and a charger having the same specifications as the charger A and a temperature sensor installed according to the present invention, one type of conventional example Configured. First, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), when fixing the lead 13 of the pole 6, the pole 6 and the lead 1 are fixed.
3. Commercially available silver paste 14 was applied to the surface where the nut 9 was in contact. Then, a hole 15 having a depth of 20 mm and a diameter of 3φ was made in the center of the pole 6, and a commercially available thermocouple 16 having a thickness of 1 mm as a temperature sensor was coated with silicone grease and was inserted and fixed. Let this charger be M. Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the thermocouple 16 is fixed to the upper part of the pole 6 to which the lead 13 is similarly fixed by the nut 9, and the heat insulating material 18 is adhered thereon. . Let this charger be N. Further, as a conventional example, as shown in FIG. 2C, a thermocouple 14 was similarly fixed with an adhesive 17 on the upper portion of the pole 6 to which the lead 11 was fixed without using a silver paste. Let this charger be O. A battery life test was performed at room temperature (environment varying at 20 ° C. ± 5) using the above M to O chargers. In carrying out the life test, charging was carried out for 5 hours and discharging was carried out at a constant current of a nominal capacity of 5 hours, and was terminated when 1 V was cut. Results are shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the chargers M and N according to the present invention ensure a stable discharge capacity, but the conventional example O does not have stable capacity because the charge is cut off quickly or not. At the time when charging / discharging was completed for about 200 cycles, in the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery of O, salt was seen near the safety valve. In this way, in an environment where the temperature fluctuates,
It can be seen that simply attaching the temperature sensor to the surface of the battery causes malfunction of control due to changes in environmental temperature. According to the present invention, such an effect can be prevented by embedding the temperature sensor in the pole column or by adhering it to the pole column surface and covering it with a heat insulating material. Further, the one coated with the silver paste was also effective in improving the discharge voltage. (Example 3) The sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery and the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery prepared in Example 1 were constructed by the equipment used in Example 1 as well, and discharged by the chargers P to R having the specifications shown in (Table 2). A life test was conducted.

[0070]

[Table 2]

The test conditions under which the ambient temperature was 20 ° C. were 5 hours of charge, 10 minutes of rest, 5 hours of charge, and discharge in this order, and this cycle was repeated about 200 cycles. A sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery was combined with the chargers P and Q, and a sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery was combined with the charger R. The results of the life test are shown in FIG. The one using the charger P showed a stable discharge capacity from the initial stage to 200 cycles. Similar results were obtained for the charger R, but the one using the charger Q showed a sharp decrease in capacity.
Thus, the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery is more susceptible to overcharge than the sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery. Deterioration due to recharging can be prevented by checking whether or not recharging is performed at the initial stage of charging with the charging voltage. (Embodiment 4) As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries 20 prepared in Embodiment 1 are superposed on each other by 5 cells,
Hole 21 with a thickness of 1 cm and a diameter of 8 mm between the cells and both ends
An aluminum plate 22 having nine holes is applied and tightened with bolts 23 and nuts 24 to form a battery group AA. A total of 24 battery groups AA, which are the same as this, were created, and the chargers S and T whose specifications are shown in (Table 3) and the charger U and FIG. 3 (B) as shown in FIG. Wire as shown in. Incidentally, FIG.
30 is a current line, 31 is a voltage line, 32 is a power supply control line, 3
3 is a power supply,

[0072]

[Table 3]

Reference numeral 34 represents a power supply control device. A life test was performed at room temperature using these chargers. The evaluation conditions are as follows: charge at room temperature for 2 days, then rest for 2 days and discharge by D. O. C. 50%
This was set as one cycle. After every 10 cycles, the battery was charged for 2 days and then completely discharged to check the capacity. The result is shown in Fig. 8.
Shown in. The capacity is less deteriorated in T, and is deteriorated in the order of S and U. This is because the rest time after completion of charging caused each cell to self-discharge, resulting in variation in the remaining capacity, but U could not detect the difference and overcharged some cells, resulting in a decrease in capacity. The detection accuracy of the remaining capacity variation of the battery is improved in the order of U, S, and T, and the capacity decrease is reduced accordingly. (Example 5) Using the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery prepared in Example 1, a capacity test was carried out at an ambient temperature of 0 ° C and 35 ° C by controlling the charging of each of the chargers V, W and X shown in (Table 4). .

[0074]

[Table 4]

Charging was carried out for 1 week, after which 0.2 C discharge capacity was confirmed. The results are shown in (Table 5).

[0076]

[Table 5]

Only in the charger X according to the present invention, the discharge electricity quantity exceeded 40 Ah under both conditions of 0 ° C. and 35 ° C. It was found that the charger V without the control of trickle charge generated inactivation of the negative electrode during low temperature trickle charge. In addition, W, which operates a timer during trickle charging, did not inactivate at low temperature, but the trickle charge was cut off at high temperature, resulting in a decrease in capacity due to self-discharge. Further, when such deep overcharging is performed, the heat generation of the battery is remarkable. In this embodiment, the heat is radiated by blowing air so that the battery temperature becomes equal to the ambient temperature plus 5 ° C. or less, but under the condition that the heat is not sufficiently radiated, the overcharge electricity amount needs to be suppressed to 150% or less. Under the same conditions as in this example, but with insufficient heat dissipation, valve operation was observed in the battery unless the charged electricity amount was kept below 150%. (Embodiment 6) Using the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery prepared in Embodiment 1, the sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery groups AA, AB, AC having the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 (A), (B) and (C) are prepared. To do. The one in FIG. Instead of the perforated aluminum plate 22 of FIG. 4 (A), a hole penetrating at right angles to the tightening direction is provided, and the refrigerant pipe 25 is inserted into the hole. The aluminum plate 27 adapted to supply the
Instead of the perforated aluminum plate 21 of (A), a bakelite plate 28 was used.

These battery groups were charged with a charging current of 40 A and 45 ° C.
Atmosphere temperature of 35 using temperature control + V peak control charger
A life test was conducted at ° C. Charge time is 4 hours and discharge is 8 hours
A was performed up to 1 V / cell. During charging, the battery group AB was cooled by supplying 1 liter / min of water at 20 ° C. through a cooling supply pipe. The results are shown in Fig. 9. It can be seen that the one thus radiated heat has a higher capacity than the initial capacity and has a good life performance.

As described above, according to the present invention, a sufficient amount of charge and battery life can be obtained for charging a plurality of batteries, especially those having a laminated electrode group.

[0080]

As described above, according to the charging method of the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery of the present invention, the conventional method for detecting an increase in the internal pressure of the battery, the battery heating rate detection, the battery heating detection, and the flattening of the charging voltage. By combining the battery temperature detection with the detection of the charging unit or the detection of the decay of the charging voltage, accurate charging control can be performed, and a high discharge capacity can be secured by the combination with the optimum trickle charging method.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (A) is a partial cross-sectional view of a single cell of a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery used for evaluation of a charger according to the present invention,
FIG. 1 (B) is a partial sectional view of a unit cell of the same sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery.

FIG. 2 (A) and FIG. 2 (B) are explanatory views showing a mounting state of a temperature sensor according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 (C).
Is an explanatory diagram showing how the temperature sensor is attached according to the conventional example

FIG. 3 (A) is a battery charging circuit diagram according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 (B) is a battery charging circuit diagram according to a conventional method.

4 (A) and 4 (B) are perspective views of a battery group according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 (C) is a perspective view of a battery group according to a conventional method.

FIG. 5 (A) and FIG. 5 (B) are environmental temperature 0, respectively.
Characteristic diagram showing the results of battery life tests at ℃ and 35 ℃

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of a battery life test.

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of a battery life test.

FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of a battery life test.

FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing the result of a battery life test. 1 hydrogen storage electrode 2 cadmium oxide electrode 3 nickel electrode 4 lead plate 5 separator 6 pole column 7 battery case 8 lid plate 9 nut 10 safety valve 11 O-ring 12 washer 13 lead 14 Paste 15 Hole 16 Thermocouple 17 Adhesive 18 Heat Insulating Material 21 Hole 22 Aluminum Plate 23 Bolt 24 Nut 25 Refrigerant Pipe 26 Refrigerant Supply Pipe 27 Aluminum Plate 28 Bakelite Plate 30 Current Line 31 Voltage Line 32 Power Supply Control Line 33 Power Supply 34 Current Control line

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kanji Takada 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (75)

[Claims] 1. A positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, a separator, and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and measures the temperature and rate of temperature rise at a specific part of the battery. When one or both exceeds a preset value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or lower than the former and 0.
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, which is characterized in that a current of 2 C or less is transferred once or more. 2. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature as a set value is in the range of 45 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the temperature rising rate is in the range of 0.05 to 2 deg / min. 3. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is embedded in the electrode terminal of the battery. 4. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is provided on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery, and the heat insulating layer is provided so as to cover the surface of the electrode terminal. 5. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is provided in a polypropylene tube arranged in the battery case of the battery. 6. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the reduction of the charging current is a discontinuous change or a continuous change. 7. The amount of charge electricity in the charging region after the charging current is extinguished is 600% or less at a battery temperature of 10 ° C. to 20 ° C., 0
500 ° C or lower at ℃ to 10 ° C, 40 at 0 ° C or lower
The charging system according to claim 1, which is regulated to 0% or less. 8. The charging method according to claim 7, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charged electricity. 9. When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total amount of electricity charged is 150%.
The charging method according to claim 1, which is regulated below. 10. The charging system according to claim 9, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charged electricity. 11. When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, a battery group is wired in series 1
It is divided into two or more groups, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged for each group, and even if one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or becomes lower than the former. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein the current is changed to a current in the range of 0.2 C or less once or more. 12. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein the charging is stopped when the battery charging voltage exceeds a preset voltage corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. 13. The charging method according to claim 12, wherein the voltage setting value is 1.7 V to 1.9 V at a temperature of 0 ° C. or lower per cell and 1.6 V to 1.8 V at a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher. 14. A positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a hydrogen storage alloy as the main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and the temperature of a specific part of the battery during charging and the placement of the battery. The ambient temperature is measured, and either the temperature difference between them or the temperature of a specific part of the battery or both exceeds the preset value, and the initial charging current of 10C to 0.1C is stopped or becomes lower than the former. A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, which is characterized in that a current of 0.2 C or less is transferred once or more. 15. The charging method according to claim 14, wherein the temperature as the set value is in the range of 45 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the temperature difference from the ambient temperature is in the range of 10 ° C. to 30 ° C. 16. A heat insulating layer is provided between the measurement site and the battery,
The charging system according to claim 14, wherein the battery is housed in a container having a ventilation port or a thin portion between the measurement site and the outside air to measure the environmental temperature. 17. The charging system according to claim 14, wherein the temperature sensor that detects the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is installed on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery, and the heat insulating layer is provided so as to cover the electrode terminal. 18. The charging method according to claim 14, wherein the reduction of the charging current is a discontinuous change or a continuous change. 19. The amount of charge electricity in the charging region after the charging current is attenuated is 600% or less at a battery temperature of 10 ° C. to 20 ° C., and is 0.
500 ° C or lower at ℃ to 10 ° C, 40 at 0 ° C or lower
The charging method according to claim 14, which is regulated to 0% or less. 20. The charging method according to claim 19, wherein a timer that regulates a charging time is used as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity. 21. When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charged electricity is 150%.
The charging method according to claim 14, which is regulated below. 22. The charging system according to claim 21, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charged electricity. 23. When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, a battery group is wired in series 1
It is divided into two or more groups, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged for each group, and even if one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or becomes lower than the former. The charging method according to claim 14, wherein the current is changed to a current in the range of 0.2 C or less once or more. 24. The charging method according to claim 14, wherein the charging is stopped when the battery charging voltage exceeds a preset voltage corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. 25. The charging method according to claim 24, wherein the voltage setting value is 1.7 V to 1.9 V at a temperature of 0 ° C. or less and 1.6 V to 1.8 V at a temperature of 0 ° C. or more per unit cell. 26. A positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a hydrogen storage alloy as the main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and measures the temperature of a specific part of the battery before and during charging. , The difference between the temperature before charging the battery and the temperature during charging the preset value set for each,
A sealed nickel characterized in that when one or both of the battery temperatures exceeds, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or shifted to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2C or less one or more times. Hydrogen battery charging method. 27. The set value of the temperature difference between before and during battery charging is in the range of 10 to 30 ° C., and the set value of the battery temperature during charging is 45.
27. The charging method according to claim 26, which is in the range of -60C. 28. The temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of a specific part of the battery is embedded in the electrode terminal of the battery.
The charging method described. 29. The charging system according to claim 26, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is provided on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery, and the heat insulating layer is provided so as to cover the surface. 30. The charging system according to claim 26, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is provided in a polypropylene tube arranged in the battery case of the battery. 31. The charging system according to claim 26, wherein the reduction of the charging current is a discontinuous change or a continuous change. 32. The amount of charge electricity in the charging region after the charging current is attenuated is 600% or less at a battery temperature of 10 ° C. to 20 ° C., and is 0.
500 ° C or lower at ℃ to 10 ° C, 40 at 0 ° C or lower
The charging method according to claim 26, wherein the charging method is regulated to 0% or less. 33. The charging method according to claim 32, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charged electricity. 34. When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charged electricity is 150%.
The charging system according to claim 26, which is regulated below. 35. The charging method according to claim 34, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charge electricity. 36. When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride batteries connected in series, a battery group is connected in series 1
It is divided into two or more groups, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged in each group, and when any detected value exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or lower than the former and 0. 27. The charging system according to claim 26, wherein the electric current in the range of 2 C or less is transferred once or more. 37. The charging method according to claim 26, wherein the charging is stopped when the battery charging voltage exceeds a preset voltage corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. 38. The charging method according to claim 37, wherein the voltage setting value is 1.7 V to 1.9 V at a temperature of 0 ° C. or lower and 1.6 V to 1.8 V at a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher per cell. 39. A positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
This is a charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a hydrogen storage alloy as the main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and measures the temperature of a specific part of the battery during charging and its minimum temperature. However, if either or both of the difference between the minimum temperature during charging the battery and the temperature during charging, or both of the battery temperatures exceed the preset value for each, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, which is characterized by transferring a current in a range of low and 0.2 C or less once or more. 40. The charging method according to claim 39, wherein the set value of the temperature difference between the minimum battery temperature and the temperature during charging is in the range of 10 to 30 ° C., and the set value of the battery temperature during charging is in the range of 45 to 60 ° C. . 41. The temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is embedded in an electrode terminal of the battery.
9. The charging method described in 9. 42. The charging system according to claim 39, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is installed on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery, and the heat insulating layer is provided so as to cover the electrode terminal surface. 43. The charging system according to claim 39, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is provided in a polypropylene tube arranged in the battery case of the battery. 44. The charging system according to claim 39, wherein the reduction of the charging current is a discontinuous change or a continuous change. 45. The amount of charge electricity in the charging region after the charging current is attenuated is 600% or less at a battery temperature of 10 ° C. to 20 ° C., and is 0.
500 ° C or lower at ℃ to 10 ° C, 40 at 0 ° C or lower
40. The charging system according to claim 39, which is regulated to 0% or less. 46. The charging method according to claim 45, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charged electricity. 47. When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charged electricity is 150%.
The charging method according to claim 39, which is regulated below. 48. The charging system according to claim 47, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charged electricity. 49. When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, a battery group is wired in series 1
It is divided into two or more groups, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged for each group, and even if one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or becomes lower than the former. 40. The charging method according to claim 39, wherein the current is transferred to a current in the range of 0.2 C or less once or more. 50. The charging method according to claim 39, wherein charging is stopped when the battery charging voltage exceeds a voltage set in advance corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. 51. The charging method according to claim 50, wherein the voltage setting value is in the range of 1.7 V to 1.9 V at 0 ° C. or less and 1.6 V to 1.8 V at 0 ° C. or more per unit cell. 52. A positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery that uses a hydrogen storage alloy as the main material, a separator, and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generation element, and measures the temperature and charging voltage of a specific part of the battery and installs it in advance. The first judgment condition is that the battery temperature exceeds the set value, and the differential value of the time of the charging voltage changes from positive to 0 or negative, or it falls below a preset value from positive to negative, charging A combination of at least one of the decrease of the charging voltage from the maximum value of the voltage to a preset value or more is set as the second determination condition, and the initial charging current 10C is set according to one or both of the two determination conditions. ~ How to charge a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery characterized by stopping 0.1C or shifting to a current lower than 0.2C and lower than 0.2C at least once . 53. The charging system according to claim 52, wherein the temperature as the set value is in the range of 45 ° C. to 60 ° C. 54. The charging system according to claim 52, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is embedded in the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery. 55. The charging system according to claim 52, wherein the sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is installed on the surface of the electrode terminal of the battery, and the heat insulating layer is provided so as to cover the electrode terminal. 56. The charging system according to claim 52, wherein the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a specific portion of the battery is provided in a polypropylene tube arranged in the battery case of the battery. 57. The charging system according to claim 52, wherein the reduction of the charging current is a discontinuous change or a continuous change. 58. When the battery temperature is 10 ° C. to 20 ° C., the charging electricity amount in the charging region after the charging current is attenuated is 600% or less, 0.
500 ° C or lower at ℃ to 10 ° C, 40 at 0 ° C or lower
53. The charging method according to claim 52, wherein the charging method is regulated to 0% or less. 59. The charging method according to claim 58, wherein a timer for restricting a charging time is used as a method for restricting the amount of charged electricity. 60. When charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a battery capacity of 10 Ah or more, the total charged electricity is 150%.
53. The charging system according to claim 52, which is regulated below. 61. The charging system according to claim 60, wherein a timer for regulating a charging time is used as a method for regulating the amount of charged electricity. 62. When charging a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries wired in series, a battery group is wired in series 1
It is divided into two or more groups, and one or more temperature sensors are arranged for each group, and even if one of the detected values exceeds the set value, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped or becomes lower than the former. 53. The charging system according to claim 52, wherein the current is shifted to a current in the range of 0.2 or less once or more once. 63. The charging method according to claim 52, wherein the charging is stopped when the battery charging voltage exceeds a preset voltage corresponding to the temperature of a specific portion of the battery. 64. The charging system according to claim 63, wherein the voltage setting value is in the range of 1.7 V to 1.9 V at 0 ° C. or lower per cell and in the range of 1.6 V to 1.8 V at 0 ° C. or higher. 65. A positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including a negative electrode containing a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generating element, and a charging current of 10C to
When the charging voltage is higher than a predetermined value after charging the battery at 0.1C for a few seconds to a few minutes, the initial charging current 10C to 0.1C is stopped, or the initial charging current is lower than the former and less than 0.2C to a current in the range of 1C.
Charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, which is characterized by shifting more than once. 66. The charging method according to claim 65, wherein in measuring the charging voltage, the charging current is interrupted and the battery voltage after several μsec to several tens of msec is measured. 67. When charging a battery group in which a plurality of sealed nickel-metal hydride storage batteries are connected in series, a plurality of power sources are used to divide the battery group into blocks corresponding to the number of power sources, and the same battery group is used. 66. The charging system according to claim 65, wherein the charging voltage is detected for each number of batteries that is even smaller. 68. When charging a battery group in which a plurality of sealed nickel-hydrogen storage batteries are connected in series, one or a plurality of power sources are used to divide the battery group into blocks corresponding to the number of power sources, and the divided battery is also used. The charging voltage is detected by dividing into small blocks for each number of batteries which is the same as or smaller than the group, and charging is performed at 10C to 0.1C in the initial stage of charging, and the spread of the distribution of the charging voltage of each small block is detected to determine a predetermined value A charging method for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, wherein the charging current is changed to a current value lower than the previous charging current at 0.2 C or less when the charging current is larger than the value. 69. When charging a battery group in which sealed nickel-hydrogen storage batteries having a plurality of electrode groups having a laminated structure are connected in series, a plate having good thermal conductivity in the electrode plate group laminating direction between the individual batteries is formed. A charging system for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, characterized in that a plurality of battery groups are configured with scissors and charged from both sides while charging. 70. The charging system according to claim 69, wherein the heat conductive plate has holes penetrating at right angles to the pressing direction and parallel to the gravity direction. 71. The charging system according to claim 69, wherein the heat conductive plate has a hole penetrating at a right angle to the pressurizing direction, and a refrigerant is flown therein during charging. 72. The material of the heat conductive plate is Al, Mg,
7. A metal plate which is mainly composed of any one of Cu, Ag, and Ti or a mixture of 2 to 5 of these, or a combination of members made of these materials, which is used as a plate.
9. The charging method described in 9. 73. Charging of a sealed nickel-hydrogen storage battery having a nominal capacity of 10 Ah or more, a positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material, a negative electrode containing a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, and a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generating element. A method of charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, wherein charging is stopped when the differential value of the charging voltage with time changes from positive to 0 or negative, or when it falls below a preset value of positive to negative. 74. The battery according to claim 73, wherein a plurality of batteries are connected in series.
The charging method described. 75. A positive electrode containing nickel oxide as a main material,
A charging system for a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including a negative electrode containing a hydrogen storage alloy as a main material, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte as a power generating element, and having an initial charging current of 10C to 0.1C.
When stopping C or moving to a current lower than the former and in the range of 0.2 C or less, the nominal capacity of the battery is 5
A method of charging a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery, which is characterized by discharging an amount of electricity of not more than%.