JPH0472238B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument suitable for pitch education or music education, and particularly to an electronic musical instrument that is capable of independently controlling volume, pitch, and other musical sound elements for each note name. Regarding.

Prior Art Conventionally, the volume or pitch of electronic musical instruments has been adjusted uniformly for all pitch names. Furthermore, the temperament or scale that can be played is limited to equal temperament or just key, and the player cannot freely create any temperament or scale. On the other hand, for music education or pitch education, it is desirable to have various special functions that are not generally required of electronic musical instruments for normal performance. For example, if the pitch can be adjusted independently for each note name, it will be advantageous to listen for deviations in scales and develop a sense of correct scales. Alternatively, it is possible to create musical scales, which is meaningful in terms of music education. In addition, if the volume could be adjusted independently for each note name, it would be meaningful for music education because it would be possible to emphasize or weaken a specific note name in the scale. This is advantageous in controlling the number of scale notes by deleting unnecessary note names when creating a scale. Of course, it is not limited to electronic musical instruments for educational purposes.
Even in ordinary electronic musical instruments, if the volume or pitch could be controlled independently for each note name, it would be possible to create the player's preferred temperament or scale, or emphasize a specific note name by increasing or decreasing the volume. This is advantageous because it can be used to enhance or weaken musical effects (for example, to emphasize the tonic or other key tones of a key when playing chords). However, not only ordinary electronic musical instruments but also electronic musical instruments for educational purposes have not been able to independently control pitch and volume for each pitch name.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made for the purpose of realizing the above-mentioned requirements, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument in which the volume, pitch, and other musical tone elements can be independently controlled for each note name. Another object of the present invention is to create a new scale preset that allows a set of data to be selected at once to independently control volume, pitch, and other musical tone elements for each note name. The purpose is to propose a function to improve operability in independent adjustment of musical tone elements for each note name. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that has various improvements in that it is possible to independently control the volume, pitch, and other musical tone elements for each note name.

Summary of the Invention The outline of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. Musical tone signal generating means 2 is provided to generate a musical tone signal corresponding to the selected note name. Operator means 3 is provided to independently adjust at least one of the volume, pitch, and other musical tone elements for each note name, and adjusts the musical tone elements of the musical tone signal to be generated by the musical tone signal generating means 2 of the musical tone signal. A control means 4 is provided for independently controlling each note name in accordance with the content adjusted by the operator means 3 corresponding to the note name. With this configuration, at least one of the volume, pitch, and other musical tone elements can be controlled independently for each note name, and the above-mentioned object can be achieved. The operator means 3 is configured to be able to independently adjust volume, pitch, or other musical tone elements (for example, timbre or modulation effect), or a plurality of them, for each note name. I can do it.

To achieve another object of the invention, presetting means 5 are added as shown in FIG. The preset means 5 makes it possible to collectively select a set of data for adjusting musical tone elements (at least one of the volume, pitch, and other musical tone elements) for each preset note name. In this case, the control means 4 outputs the musical tone signal corresponding to each note name according to the data for each note name adjusted by the operator means 3 or the data for each note name selected at once by the preset means 5. Control musical tonal elements.

As an example, as shown in FIG. 2, the operator means 3 includes an operator 3a provided corresponding to each note name.
and a storage means 3b which stores the adjustment contents for each note name and whose stored contents are changed according to the operation of the operator 3a, and displays the adjustment contents for each note name stored in the storage means 3b. It also includes a display means 3c for displaying. Further, the preset means 5 includes a preset storage means 5a capable of storing a plurality of sets of musical tone element adjustment data for each note name, and a preset storage means 5a capable of storing a plurality of sets of musical tone element adjustment data for each note name, and the tone element adjustment data for each note name adjusted by the operator means 3. A writing means 5b for writing a set of tone element adjustment data into the preset storage means 5a, and a reading means 5c for selectively reading out a set of tone element adjustment data from the preset storage means 5a. A set of tone element adjustment data read from the preset storage means 5a is written into the storage means 3b of the operator means 3.
The control means 4 is given the data stored in this storage means 3b. However, the specific configuration of the operator means 3 and the preset means 5 is not limited to that shown in FIG. The configuration can be applied as appropriate.

As an example, the operator means 3 may include functions as shown in FIG. That is, there is an operator 3d for independently adjusting the volume and at least one other musical tone element (for example, pitch 4) for each note name, and for displaying the adjustment details for each note name of each musical tone element. display means 3e, and a display control means 3f that detects the note name whose volume has been adjusted to zero and forcibly displays the adjustment contents of other musical tone elements corresponding to the note name in a predetermined clear display. Contains. Naturally, musical tone signals corresponding to note names whose volume has been adjusted to zero are not produced. Therefore, in that case, even if other musical tone elements are adjusted to some value corresponding to the note name, effective musical tone control will not be performed in accordance with the contents of the adjustment. It is unreasonable and unfriendly to the player to display the adjustment contents of musical tone elements even though effective musical tone control is not performed. Therefore, by performing a predetermined clear display, it is made known that due to the volume being zero, effective control cannot be performed on other musical tone elements. Such display control is particularly advantageous when the display means 3e is shared between the volume and other musical tone elements. In other words, when the display means 3e is used to display the adjustment contents of other musical tone elements, the volume is not displayed, and therefore, it is normal to immediately know which note name is set to zero volume. However, by performing the above-mentioned predetermined clear display when displaying musical tone elements other than the volume, the name of the pitch at which the volume is zero can be immediately determined.

In order to ensure that the above-mentioned clear display control is performed only when the player's strong will is activated, the above-mentioned method is set on the condition that the volume is once adjusted to zero and then an operation is performed to further lower the volume. It is recommended that clear display be performed. On the other hand, when the volume is once adjusted to zero and then an operation is performed to further lower the volume, the display of the volume adjustment content on the display means 3e is changed from the normal zero display to a predetermined off display. It is a good idea to change it. For example, this off display may be used as a display indicating that the corresponding pitch name will not be used for the time being (that is, it is distinguished from a mere display of volume zero). As an example, suppose that this off display cannot be changed by operating the volume control (for example, by replacing an entire set of data with the preset data selection operation, or by turning on the power switch of the electronic musical instrument). (assuming that it will not be resolved unless you reinitialize the circuit by reinitializing the power) (on the other hand, a mere zero volume display can be resolved at any time by increasing the volume), and delete specific note names. This can be advantageously applied when creating arbitrary scales.

FIG. 4 conceptually shows an example in which a keyboard 1a having a plurality of keys is used as the pitch name specifying means 1, and the musical tone signal generating means 2 includes a plurality of musical tone generation channels. In this case, a sound allocating means 2a is provided in conjunction with the musical tone signal generating means 2, so that a key pressed on the keyboard 1a is assigned to one of the channels, and a musical tone signal corresponding to the key is generated in the assigned channel. Make it. The control means 4 selects, for each channel, the output data of the operator means 3 corresponding to the note name of the key assigned to each channel according to the assignment by the pronunciation assignment means 2a, and selects each output data according to the selected data. Musical tone elements are controlled independently for each channel. Since the number of channels in an electronic musical instrument using such an allocation method is limited, it is necessary to perform efficient allocation control. As mentioned above, if there is a note name whose volume is adjusted to zero, even if the key corresponding to that note name is assigned to any channel, no musical tone signal is actually produced in that channel. Therefore, it is preferable to avoid such wasteful allocation. Therefore, a volume zero detection means is provided in connection with the pronunciation assignment means 2a, and the operator means 3 detects the note name whose volume is adjusted to zero (including the note name with the above-mentioned OFF display), and The above assignment is not performed for the key corresponding to the name.

Embodiments Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Explanation of Panel Section FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the front panel section of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the upper side of the keyboard section is a panel section in which various switches and displays are arranged. To give an overview of the layout of the panel section, the leftmost section is the multi-menu scale selection section 10, the right side is the tone selection section 11, the right side is the note name adjustment control section 12, and the right side is the other section. There is a switch and display section 13 for various functions.

The note name adjustment section 12 consists of controls for independently adjusting the volume and pitch of musical tones for each note name, and a display that displays the adjustment details for each note name. , when enlarged, it consists of an arrangement as shown in FIG. 6. There are 12 controls
The display includes up switches UP1 to UP12 and down switches DWN1 to DWN12, which are provided corresponding to each note name C, D♭ (C#), D...B, and the display device is provided to each note name C to B. Switch UP1,
It includes DWN1-UP12 and liquid crystal displays LCD1-LCD12 provided above DWN12, respectively. Up switch UP1~UP12 and down switch
DWN1 to DWN12 are self-resetting type push button switches, and when increasing the set value, the up switch is operated, and when decreasing the set value, the down switch is operated. Each liquid crystal display is LCD1~LCD
12 requires display of a multi-digit (for example, 4-digit) decimal number and necessary characters/symbols, and the corresponding up and down switches UP1, DWN1 to UP
12. The numerical value increased or decreased by operating DWN12 is displayed.

In order to clearly see the correspondence between the controllers and displays and note names, the physical arrangement of the liquid crystal displays LCD1 to LCD12 corresponding to each note name corresponds to the white and black keys corresponding to each note name. The arrangement is becoming similar. In other words, LCD1, LCD3...LCD12 of the display corresponding to the pitch names C, D...B of the white keys are lined up horizontally in the same row, but the pitch name of the black key D♭
(C#), E♭ (D#), F#, A♭ (G#), B♭
The display devices LCD2, . And each display LCD1~LCD12
The horizontal arrangement of the keys corresponds to the pitch order of the keys. Each switch UP1~UP12, DWN1~
The DWN 12 may be arranged in a similar arrangement to the white keys and black keys, similar to the displays LCD1 to LCD12.

In this embodiment, the volume and pitch of each tone element can be adjusted independently for each tone name by operating the operator section 12.
Controls and indicators are not provided separately for volume and pitch, and there are up and down switches UP1 to UP12, DWN1 to DWN for each note name mentioned above.
12 and displays LCD1 to LCD12 are shared between the two. A pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL is provided to select whether to use these controls and indicators for volume or pitch. This switch P/VSEL is a self-resetting type push button switch, and is processed by an internal circuit so that the selection mode is reversed from pitch selection mode to volume selection mode or vice versa each time it is pressed. The selection (or changeover) switches shown below are all similar self-resetting type pushbutton switches, and if a latch function is required, each push button is activated by the internal circuit processing as described above. The selection mode is now inverted.

Corresponding to the pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL, two light emitting diodes (hereinafter abbreviated as LEDs) with indications of "PITCH (CENT)" and "VOLUME" are provided above them. For these two light emitting diodes, P/
The reference symbol VLED is used. Switch P/
One diode of P/VLED lights up according to the mode currently selected by VSEL, and control section 12 is used to adjust either VOLUME or PITCH and display the adjustment details. Display whether it is possible.

Pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL clock rate selection switch (marked with FAST/SLOW)
are up and down switches UP1 to UP12,
This is a switch for changing the increase/decrease speed of adjustment data when operating DWN1 to DWN12.
Two LEDs (labeled FAST and SLOW, respectively) are provided below the P/V LED mentioned above to indicate the mode selected by this clock rate selection switch.

Liquid crystal display LCD1~ corresponding to each note name C~B
A display example of adjustment data on the LCD 12 will be described next.

The pitch display is designed to display the pitch deviation from the equal temperament, which is adjusted for each note name, in cents. As an example, the pitch can be adjusted in the minimum unit of 0.1 cent in the range from -55.0 cents to +55.0 cents, and the display
On LCD1 to LCD12, the cent value of the pitch shift set correspondingly is displayed as a numerical value ranging from "-55.0" to "55.0" with resolution to the first decimal place.

The volume display is 10 in the range from "0" to "100".
It is now displayed as a hexadecimal value, and the volume can be adjusted within this range.

Multi-menu scale selection section 10
It is shown in FIG. 7 when it is enlarged. This section 10 contains a set of pitch and volume data that are independently adjusted for each scale (that is, for each note name) that is arbitrarily preset by the preset pure key scale and scale preset function. (corresponding to a preset monotone scale). In this embodiment, a total of 12 scales can be selected corresponding to each key name of the pure tonic scale, and a total of 24 preset scales (24 data sets) can be selected. In order to be able to select from such a large number of preset data sets,
If individual selection switches were provided for each data set, the number of switches would be large, resulting in high costs and problems with the arrangement space. Therefore, in this embodiment, the data set to be selected can be specified by a combination of a rotary operator 15 equipped with a multi-menu window 14 and a scale switch SCL which is smaller than the total number of selectable data sets. The scale switch SCL consists of 12 self-returning pushbutton switches, each of which is numbered ``1'' to ``12'' below. Further, above each scale switch SCL, a scale LED is provided corresponding to each individual switch.

Multi-menu with “ON” displayed
The ON switch 16 is a selection switch for enabling the selection function of this multi-menu type scale selection section 10, and the ON/LED provided above it lights up or goes out every time the ON switch 16 is pressed once. Switch to . When the ON LED is lit, it indicates that the selection made by section 10 is valid, and when it is off, it indicates that it is invalid.

The memory switch 17 labeled "MEMORY" is a switch used to preset (write) the data set set in the control section 12, and a memory LED is provided corresponding to this switch 17. ing.

The rotary menu window 14 is provided corresponding to the arrangement of the ON switch 16 and the scale switch SCL, and the rotary operator 15 located at the bottom thereof.
This allows you to see the menu display plate.

The rotary operator 15, as shown in FIG.
A rotation knob 15a and three menu display plates 15-1, 1 that are rotated in conjunction with the knob 15a and arranged at different predetermined angle ranges.
5-2, 15-3, and three plates 15-1, 15-2, 15- in conjunction with the rotation of the knob 15a.
The rotary switch RSW is connected to a contact point corresponding to one of the three. Three menu display plates 15-1, 15-2, 15-3
1 selected by operating the knob 15a
Only one plate can be seen through the menu window 14, and thus the contacts corresponding to the plates set in the menu window 14 are connected to the rotary switch.
Turns on at RSW.

Each menu display plate 15-1, 15-2,
15-3 is expanded and an example of the display items attached to each is shown in FIG. In addition, each menu display plate 1
The rotary switch positions corresponding to 5-1, 15-2, and 15-3 are distinguished by numbers 1, 2, and 3. The display items on each plate are attached to physically correspond to the arrangement of the ON switch 16 and each scale switch SCL, and the function or scale or data set indicated by this display item is attached to the arrangement of the ON switch 16 and each scale switch SCL. Corresponding ON switch 16 or scale switch SCL
Indicates that it can be selected by.

At rotary switch position 1, the pure key (PURETEMPERMENT) scale can be selected, and the tonic name of each key in the pure key is D♭ ~ F#
is displayed on the menu display plate 15-1. Therefore, set the rotary operator 15 to position 1, operate the ON switch 16 to enable the selection, and turn the scale switch SCL corresponding to the desired key name.
By operating , you can select the pure tonic scale of the desired key.

At rotary switch positions 2 and 3, 24 memories (preset memories) each storing a set of preset data can be selected (that is, 24 preset scales can be selected). Each preset memory (preset data set) is distinguished by a number from 1 to 24 and placed on plate 15-2.
Rotary switch position 2 corresponding to 1 to 12 preset memories (preset data sets)
can be selected, and 13 to 24 preset memories (preset data sets) can be selected at rotary switch position 3 corresponding to plate 15-3. The number of preset memory (data set) to be selected is determined by the combination of rotary switch position 2 or 3 and scale switch SCL.

Explanation of Hardware Configuration of Circuit FIG. 10 schematically shows the hardware configuration of an electric circuit of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention (that is, an electronic musical instrument having a panel section as shown in FIGS. 5 to 9). A microcomputer including a CPU (abbreviation for central processing unit) 18, a program memory 19, and a working and data memory 20 is used to perform detection scanning of key switches and various switches, display drive control, and internal tone generator section. The process of assigning the sound of the pressed keys corresponding to each musical sound generation channel is executed. In addition, the up/down switch UP1~UP
12. Creation of volume and pitch adjustment data according to the operations of DWN1 to DWN12, processing for preset functions, etc. are also executed by the microcomputer. The block 21 labeled "display" is a liquid crystal display LCD1 to LCD1 for each note name.
2 and a display group including various LEDs in the panel section, a display driver 22 including a driver circuit for driving these display groups, and a panel operator 23 indicating each switch group in the panel section. These are connected to the microcomputer via a data bus 24. Further, each key switch of the keyboard 25 and the tone generator section 26 are also connected to the microcomputer via the data bus 24. Tone generator section 2
6 is equipped with a plurality of (for example, 8) musical sound generation channels, and through processing by a microcomputer, musical sound signals corresponding to the pressed keys assigned to each channel are generated, respectively, and are provided to the sound system 27. Further, in accordance with the volume and pitch adjustment data for each note name, the volume and pitch of the musical tone signal to be generated in each channel is controlled according to the note name.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the tone generator section 26, in which registers 28 to 33 functioning as an interface buffer with a microcomputer are connected to the data bus 24.

The pitch data register 28 stores each of the 12 pitch names C to
Pitch data adjusted independently for B
This is for storing PD1 to PD12.
This pitch data is transferred from the pitch data memory (described later) inside the data memory 20 (Fig. 10).
PD1 to PD12 are transferred. This pitch data
PD1 to PD12 are cent value expression data indicating how many cents the adjusted pitch of each pitch name deviates from the regular pitch of each pitch name in equal temperament.

The volume data register 31 contains each of the 12 note names C to B.
Volume data VD adjusted independently according to
This is for storing the volume data VD1 to VD12 from the volume data memory (described later) inside the data memory 20 (Fig. 10).
VD12 is transferred.

The note code register 29 and the octave code register 30 are used to store key codes indicating the keys assigned to each channel for each channel, and among the key codes, the note code NC indicating the note name is the note code. register 2
The octave code OC is stored in the octave code register 30. The key code assigned to each channel from the key code memory (described later) inside the data memory 20
CH1 to CH8 are transferred, separated into note codes and octave codes, and stored in the respective registers 29 and 30.

The key-on register 32 indicates whether the key assigned to each channel continues to be pressed (key-on).
Alternatively, the key-on signal indicating whether the key has been released (key-off) is stored for each channel, and the key-on signal for each channel is stored from the key-on memory (described later) inside the data memory 20.
KON1 to KON8 are transferred.

The panel data register 33 stores various data such as tone and volume (total volume) selected and set on the panel section (in particular, data selected and set on the tone selection section 11 in FIG. 5 and other switches and display section 13). data), and those data are transferred from the panel data memory inside the data memory 20.

Musical tone signal formation and control processing for each channel in the tone generator section 26 is performed in a time-division manner. Therefore, channel timing signals CHT1 to CHT8 corresponding to the time division time slots of each channel are sent to each register 2.
9, 30, and 32, and each channel note code stored in these registers.
NC and octave code OC and key-on signal
KON is output in a time-division manner according to the timing signals CHT1 to CHT8.

The note code NC of each channel output from the note code register 29 in a time-divisional manner is applied to the address input of the fundamental frequency number memory 34 and to the selection control inputs of the selectors 35 and 36. The fundamental frequency number memory 34 stores in advance the fundamental frequency numbers for each of the 12 note names C to B in equal temperament (as is already well known, a frequency number is a numerical value proportional to the musical tone frequency to be generated). According to the note code NC given to the address input, the basic frequency number F corresponding to the note name is read out in a time-division manner. Frequency number F read out from memory 34
is applied to a multiplier 37 and controlled according to the pitch data stored in the pitch data register 28.

The pitch data PD1 to PD12 for each pitch name stored in the pitch data register 28 is transferred to the selector 3.
5 and note code NC of each channel
Accordingly, in each time-division time slot for each channel, the one corresponding to the note name of the key assigned to that channel is selected. The selected pitch data is sent to the cent value/frequency ratio conversion memory 3.
8 and is converted from cent value representation data to frequency ratio representation data. This conversion memory 3
An example of the conversion table in 8 is shown in the following table.

Table 1 Input (cent value) Output (frequency ratio) 55.0 1.03228 : : 10.0 1.00579 : : 0.0 1.00000 : : -10.0 0.99424 : : -55.0 0.96873 The pitch data expressed in frequency ratio read from the memory 38 is sent to the multiplier 37 It is input and multiplied by frequency number F. As a result, the frequency number F of the well-tempered pitch of the pitch name assigned to each channel is
is shifted by a frequency ratio corresponding to the cent value of the pitch shift adjusted corresponding to the pitch name, and pitch control is performed. The pitch-controlled frequency number F' output from the multiplier 37 is sent to the accumulator 3.
9 and is repeatedly added (or subtracted) at predetermined time intervals for each channel. The accumulator 39 has a known configuration capable of time-divisional accumulation for each channel, and receives channel timing signals CHT1 to CHT8 in order to perform the accumulation operation in synchronization with the time-division channel timing. From the accumulator 39, phase data qF' increases (or may decrease) over time at a rate corresponding to the value of the frequency number F', returns to the initial value every time it reaches a predetermined value, and repeats the change. Output is time-divided for each channel.

The output qF' of the accumulator 39 is the shift circuit 4
0, and is appropriately bit shifted according to the value of the octave code OC of each channel read out from the octave code register 30 in a time-divisional manner. The phase data of each channel, which has been given octave distinction in this way, is sent to the musical tone signal forming circuit 41.
is input. The musical tone signal forming circuit 41 independently generates musical tone signals for each channel based on the phase data of each channel and having a frequency corresponding to the repetition frequency of the phase data. At this time, the volume of the musical sound signal to be generated in each channel is controlled according to the envelope signal for each channel given from the volume envelope generator 42, and the tone and other musical sound elements are controlled according to the panel data given from the panel data register 33. controlled. Note that the shift circuit 40 may be provided before the accumulator 39.

The envelope generator 42 generates a predetermined envelope signal for each channel in response to the key-on signal KON of each channel given in a time-division manner from the key-on register 32. The volume can be controlled by controlling the level of this envelope signal in accordance with the volume data VD1 to VD12 for each note name stored in the volume data register 31.

The volume data VD1 to VD12 for each note name stored in the volume data register 31 is stored in the selector 36.
is input, and according to the note code NC of each channel, the one corresponding to the note name of the key assigned to that channel is selected in the time-division time slot for each channel. selector 36
The volume data corresponding to the assigned note name of each channel selected in is given to the envelope generator 42 via the volume data conversion circuit 43 as necessary, and generated in each channel according to the value of this volume data. The level (for example, peak level) of the envelope signal is controlled. The volume data conversion circuit 43 is for converting the volume data VD1 to VD12 expressed as values in the range of "0" to "100" into appropriate volume control coefficients, but this does not need to be provided. . Note that instead of controlling the envelope generator 42 using the volume data, a multiplier 44 is provided on the output side of the envelope generator 42 as shown by the broken line, and this multiplier 44 is controlled using the volume data. You can also perform similar volume control.

Explanation of Memory and Registers and Description of Main Information Flow Centered on Memory Here, we will explain the main memories and registers included in the working and data memory 20 in FIG. The main information flow between peripheral devices will be roughly explained.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram generally illustrating the principal information flow between the principal memories within working and data memory 20 and peripheral devices.
Note that Figure 12 merely shows the flow of information conceptually for the convenience of understanding the relationship between memory and peripheral devices, and does not mean that the actual circuit connections or data exchange paths are as shown. isn't it.
Pitch data memory 45 (when abbreviated as
The PD memory (referred to as PD memory) stores pitch data PD1 to PD12 adjusted corresponding to each of the 12 pitch names C to B, and the pitch data PD1 to PD12 stored here is stored in the aforementioned tone generator section 26. Pitch data register 28 (Figure 11)
will be forwarded to. The volume data memory 46 (abbreviated as VD memory) stores volume data VD1 to VD adjusted corresponding to each of the 12 note names C to B.
VD12 is stored, and the volume data VD1 to VD12 stored here is stored in the volume data register 31 in the tone generator section 26 described above.
(FIG. 11). In addition, the code PD1~
PD12, VD1~VD12, numbers 1~1 in parentheses
2 is a display that distinguishes each of the 12 pitch names C to B.

Up switch for each note name in the panel section
UP1~UP12 and down switch DWN1~
Data PD1 of the corresponding note name in PD memory or VD memory according to the operation of DWN12 (Fig. 6)
~PD12, VD1~VD12 are changed. In addition, each data PD1 to PD12 or VD1 to VD for each note name stored in the PD memory or VD memory
12 are displayed on the liquid crystal displays LCD1 to LCD12 (FIG. 6) for each pitch name in the panel section. PVSEL is a pitch/volume selection register, which inverts and switches to a signal indicating either pitch selection mode or volume selection mode in response to the operation of the pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL (Fig. 6) on the panel. Change. Depending on the contents of this PVSEL register, the power switches UP1 to UP1
2 and down switches DWN1 to DWN12 select whether the memory to be changed is PD memory or VD memory, and the memory to be displayed on the displays LCD1 to LCD12 is selected to be either PD memory or VD memory. It is selected whether to

The equal temperament memory 47 stores pitch data and volume data of equal temperament corresponding to each of the 12 pitch names C to B in advance, and is composed of, for example, a ROM (read only memory). In this case, since the pitch data indicates the pitch deviation with respect to the equal temperament as a cent value, the pitch data of the equal temperament indicates that the diatonic names C to B are 0 cents. The volume data is an appropriate value predetermined for each note name. The pitch data and volume data for each pitch name of the equal temperament stored in the equal temperament memory 47 can be accessed when the power is turned on or when the multi-menu scale selection section 1
When 0 is invalid, it is initialized in the PD memory and VD memory.

The 12 pure tone memories 48-1 to 48-12, each assigned a sub-number from 1 to 12, store each of the 12 keys D♭ to F of the pure tone scale as shown in FIG.
# They correspond to each other, and each stores in advance pitch data and volume data for each pitch name of the pure tonic scale in that key. In this case, the pitch data is a predetermined value that indicates, in cents, the pitch deviation of each note name of the pure tonic scale in the corresponding key from the equal temperament, and the volume data is an appropriate value predetermined for each note name. . In a pure key, even if the note name is the same, the pitch will shift slightly if the key changes, so a memory for each key is required. These genuine tone memories 48-1 to 48-12 also consist of ROM.

The 24 preset memories 49-1 to 49-24 each have sub numbers 1 to 24.
Each scale corresponds to a preset or presettable scale, and each stores or can store a set of pitch data and volume data for each note name C to B in that scale. . These preset memories 49-1 to 49-2
4 consists of read/write memory (eg RAM).

The genuine adjustment memories 48-1 to 48-12 are the rotary switch position 1 and the scale switch described above.
In combination with SCL (see Figures 7 and 9), one memory can be selectively read out, and among the read data, one set of pitch data for each pitch name is stored in the PD. A set of volume data for each note name is set in the VD memory.

Preset memory 49-1 from 1 to 12
49-12 are set to 1 by the combination of the rotary switch position 2 and the scale switch SCL.
One set of pitch data for each note name is set in the PD memory.
A set of volume data is set in the VD memory.
Preset memories 49-13 to 49-24 numbered 13 to 24 are configured so that one memory can be selectively read out by the combination of the rotary switch position 3 and the scale switch SCL. Among the output data, one set of pitch data is set in the PD memory, and one set of volume data is set in the VD memory. Of course, PD memory and VD
In memory, old stored data is cleared when a new data set is set.

The hold memory 50 stores the preset data set in the preset memories 49-1 to 49-24.
(or from the genuine tone memories 48-1 to 48-12) to the PD memory or VD memory, the data stored up to that point in the PD memory or VD memory is saved. When you want to monitor the contents of data preset in a preset memory, you set the data from the desired preset memory to the PD memory or VD memory, but in such a case, it is necessary to set the data from the desired preset memory to the PD memory or VD memory. Pitch data and volume data are stored in PD memory and VD memory.
I don't want this to be cleared. Therefore, to prevent this from happening, a hold memory 50 is provided to save old data stored in the PD memory and VD memory.

Controls (UP1 to UP12, DWN1 to DWN1
By the operation 2), the player can set a set of volume data and pitch data set for each note name in any of the preset memories 49-1 to 49-24. (This is called "writing preset data," and reading out the preset memory and setting it in PD memory and VD memory is called "reading preset data.") "Write preset data" is to read a set of pitch data and volume data stored in the PD memory and VD memory and set it in the desired preset memory (one of 49-1 to 49-24). This is done by The preset memories to be written are selected by the combination of the rotary switch position 2 and the scale switch SCL for the preset memories 1 to 12, 49-1 to 49-12, and the remaining preset memories are selected by the combination of the rotary switch position 2 and the scale switch SCL. The memories 49-13 to 49-24 are selected by a combination of rotary switch position 3 and scale switch SCL. Note that in the program processing described below, the contents of the PD memory and VD memory are not directly written to the preset memory, but are first transferred to the hold memory 50 and then written from the hold memory 50 to the desired preset memory 50. It's becoming like that.

FIG. 13 shows memories and registers within the memory 20 that are not shown in FIG. 12.

ROTARY register is rotary switch RSW
It captures and stores the output of (Fig. 8),
Data indicating any of the three rotary switch positions 1 to 3 described above is stored.

The three registers labeled SELECT 1, 2, and 3 correspond to the three rotary switch positions 1 to 3, respectively.
The rotary switch position 1~
3, the number (any one of 1 to 12) of the last scale switch SCL pressed is stored. By memorizing the scale switch SCL that was last operated in this way, simply by operating the rotary operator 15 to select the desired rotary switch position, the register corresponding to this position (among SELECTs 1 to 3) The number of the scale switch SCL can be specified using the stored data of (1), and the preset data can be selected only by operating the rotary operator 15 without operating the scale switch SCL.

The HOLD register is a register that stores a signal indicating that the hold mode has entered, which will be described later.When the memory switch 17 (see Fig. 7) is pressed once, the HOLD register stores the signal "1" and enters the hold mode. to show that HOLD register is “1”
When set to , that is, in hold mode, the memory corresponding to memory switch 17
The LED (Figure 7) will blink to indicate that it is in hold mode.

The MEMEN (abbreviation for memory enable) register is a register that memorizes that the device is in preset mode, which will be described later.When this register is set to “1”, that is, in preset mode, the memory LED mentioned above is activated. (Fig. 7) is now lit.

The MLTON (abbreviation for multi-menu on) register is the multi-menu scale selection section 1.
The memory contents are inverted to "1" or "0" in response to the press of the 0 ON switch 16 (Fig. 7), and when the signal "1" is stored in this register, this section 10 is used. This means that selection operations can be performed effectively. When this MLTON register is “1”, it corresponds to ON switch 16.
The ON LED (Figure 7) lights up.

The HLDCNG (abbreviation for hold change) register is used to store preset memory 49 in preset mode.
-1 to 49-24 (or genuine tone memory 48
-1 to 48-12) data in PD memory,
is set to VD memory, which causes PD memory,
Old storage data in VD memory is held in memory 5
It stores whether or not the data has been stored to 0, and when such data is saved to the hold memory 50, a signal "1" is stored.

The MEN (abbreviation for memory) register is a flag indicating that data has been written to a desired preset memory 49-1 to 49-24 in the preset mode. When this flag MEM is “1”,
Scale corresponding to the written preset memory
The LED (Figure 7) blinks for a certain period of time to indicate that the preset data has just been written.

The MEMTIM (abbreviation for memory timer) register is
This is a time counting register for setting the blinking time of the corresponding scale LED when writing the above-mentioned preset data.

Preset memory stored register MRS1~
12, MRS 13-24 are for storing signals indicating whether any preset data is stored in the angle preset memories 49-1 to 49-24. Registers MRS1 to MRS12 have 12 memory locations corresponding to each of preset memories 49-1 to 49-12 corresponding to rotary switch position 2, and a signal "1" is stored in the memory locations corresponding to the stored preset memories. ” is memorized. Similarly, registers MRS13-24 store 12 memories "1" corresponding to each of preset memories 49-13 to 49-24 corresponding to rotary switch position 3.
, and a signal "1" is stored in the storage location corresponding to the stored preset memory. When in hold mode, this register MRS1~12,
Each scale according to the memory contents of MRS13-24
The LED (Figure 7) is now lit,
By looking at this scale LED lighting, it is possible to confirm which preset memories have not yet been written with preset data. This is useful in determining which preset memory to write preset data to in the preset mode that follows the hold mode.

The key code memory 51 stores key codes CH1 to CH8 of keys assigned to each channel, and the key code CH stored here is
1 to CH8 are transferred to the note code register 29 and octave code register 30 (FIG. 11) in the tone generator section 26.

The key-on memory 52 stores key-on signals KON1 to KON8 of keys assigned to each channel, and the key-on signals stored here
KON1-8 are transferred to the key-on register 32 (FIG. 11) in the tone generator section 26.
Note that, due to the continuous mode described later, the key-on signals KON1 to KON8 stored in the key-on memory 52 may not correspond to actual key on/off. Therefore, the key-on signal TKON1 corresponding to the actual key on/off
A true key-on memory 53 is provided to store ~TKON8 for each channel.

The old key code memory 54 stores all the key codes of all pressed keys detected in the previous key scan (this is called the old key code, comprehensively).
(indicated by KEYOLD).

The new key code memory 55 stores all the key codes (this is called new key code, comprehensively) of all the pressed keys detected by the current key scan.
(indicated by KEYNEW).

The changed key code memory 56 stores a newly keyed on or keyed off key code (this is called a changed key code, comprehensively indicated by NKC), and stores the old key code KEYOLD and new key code KEYNEW. The change key code NKC is determined by comparison.

CONT is a continuous mode flag, and a continuous mode selection switch is provided in one section of the tone selection section 11 of the panel, and each time you press this selection switch, the flag CONT changes to “ 1” or inverted to “0”. When this flag CONT is "1", the continuous mode is selected.

In addition to the above-mentioned memory and register, there is a panel data memory 57 and a working memory for storing operation data of other panel section operators. The stored contents of panel data memory 57 are transferred to panel data register 33 in FIG.

Description of Various Modes The various operation modes executed in this embodiment will be made clear by the explanation of the program flowchart that will be described later, but an outline of the main operation modes will be explained here.

(1) Normal read mode This mode is for independent adjustment of pitch and volume for each note name when the memory LED (Fig. 7) in the multi-menu scale selection section 10 is neither lit nor flashing. , the data to be initially set in the PD memory 45 and VD memory 46 (FIG. 12) differs depending on whether or not the scale selection section 10 is enabled in response to the operation of the ON switch 16.

In other words, in this mode, ON/LED
(Fig. 7), when the ON switch 16 is operated to turn off the scale selection section 10 (that is, when the scale selection section 10 is disabled), the equal temperament memory 4
7 (FIG. 12) is first set in the PD memory and VD memory, respectively.

On the other hand, when the ON switch 16 is operated to turn on the ON LED (that is, when the scale selection section 10 is activated), the pure tonic scale or preset scale displayed in the multi-menu window 14 is selected. The data corresponding to the scale LED that is lit is stored in the PD memory and VD.
set in memory.

In this mode, the data in the PD memory and VD memory can be changed using the up and down switches UP1 to UP12, regardless of whether the ON/LED is off or on.
It can be freely changed by operating DWN1 to DWN12.

(2) Hold mode This mode stores scale data (pitch data and volume data for each note name) to be preset in preset memories 49-1 to 49-24 (Fig. 12).
This is a preparatory mode for writing preset data.

By pressing the memory switch 17 (Fig. 7) only once, it enters the hold mode, and the memory LED
(Fig. 7) flashes to notify you that you are in hold mode.

In this mode, even if the rotary operator 15 and scale switch SCL are operated, preset scale data or pure tone scale data will not be set in the PD memory or VD memory. However, the up and down switches UP1~UP12, DWN1~DWN
The pitch data and volume data of the PD memory and VD memory can be freely changed by the operation in step 12. This mode is a preparatory mode for creating scale data to be preset, so the player can use the up-down switch to
In order to prevent the data being created in the VD memory from being erased, preset scale data or pure toning scale data are not set in the PD or VD memory.

Also, in this mode, the register MRS1
~12, Based on the stored contents of MRS13~24, the scale LED is lit to display the stored preset memory. If you memorize the number of the preset memory that has not been stored yet and specify the unstored preset memory when writing preset data in the next preset mode, you can save the preset memory. It can be used efficiently.

Generally, the mode advances from the hold mode to the preset mode, but if you wish to cancel the hold mode without proceeding to the preset mode, make sure that the rotary switch position is set to the genuine position when the ON/LED is lit, or that the ON/LED is turned on. All you have to do is press the memory switch 17 again when the light is off.

(3) Preset mode In this mode, the pitch data and volume data for each pitch name stored in the PD memory and VD memory are stored in the desired preset memories 49-1 to 49-2.
This mode indicates that it is now possible to write to 4. In this mode, the MEMEN register is set to "1" and the memory LED is lit.

In the aforementioned hold mode, when the ON LED is lit and the rotary operator 15 is set to the position corresponding to the preset memory (rotary switch position 2 or 3), turn the memory switch 17. The preset mode can be entered by pressing the button.

In this preset mode, rotary controller 1
Preset memories 49-1 to 49-24 can be selectively read out according to the operation of scale switch SCL and scale switch SCL, and the read data is stored in PD memory and VD memory. At this time,
Old data previously stored in the PD memory and VD memory is stored in the hold memory 50. The old data stored in the hold memory 50 is data created by the player in the hold mode or in this preset mode. When attempting to write (preset) a set of pitch data and volume data for each pitch name created in the PD memory and VD memory to any preset memory, the current data in the preset memory Preferably, the contents of the stored preset data can be monitored and confirmed. For this purpose, the data read from the preset memory is set in the PD and VD memories to enable monitoring, and the created data is saved from the PD and VD memories to the hold memory 50. be. Once the data in the PD and VD memories is stored in the hold memory 50, the hold change register HLDCNG is set to "1" to prevent the hold memory 50 from being rewritten any further. That is, the created data is held in the hold memory 50.
The PD memory and VD memory can be rewritten any number of times each time the preset memory is read, and it is also possible to monitor all stored preset data.

Of course, in the preset mode, the up and down switches UP1~UP12, DWN1~
It is possible to change the contents of the PD memory and VD memory by operating the DWN12. However, the contents of the data once transferred to the hold memory 50 cannot be changed.

In this preset mode, by pressing a desired scale switch SCL and memory switch 17 at the same time, any preset memory 49-1 specified by this scale switch SCL can be selected.
The created preset data is written from the hold memory 50 to 49-24. This created preset data has been saved in the hold memory 50, but if the data in the PD and VD memories has not been saved in the hold memory 50, the data in the PD and VD memories will be saved in the hold memory. 50, the contents of the hold memory 50 are written to the preset memory.

To cancel the preset mode, operate the ON switch 16 to turn off the ON/LED and set the equal temperament scale data to the PD or VD memory, or operate the rotary controller 15 to select a pure tonal scale. do it.

(4) Continuous mode Continuous mode means up and down switches UP1 to UP12, DWN1 to DWN.
When adjusting the pitch or volume for each note name using the operation in step 12, by making the musical tone signal continue to be produced even if the key is not held down, the content of the adjustment currently being adjusted can be aurally monitored. This is how it was done. It is troublesome to operate the adjustment switches and the keyboard at the same time, but this continuous mode eliminates the need to keep pressing the keys.

The continuous mode is executed when the continuous mode flag CONT (Fig. 13) is set to "1" in response to the operation of the above-mentioned continuous mode selection switch arranged on the panel section. Ru.

When this mode is selected, the key-on signals KON1 to KON1 of the key-on memory 52 (Fig. 13)
Even if the key is actually released, KON8 does not become "0" and remains "1". Therefore, the tone generator section 26 (Fig. 11), which controls the sound generation according to the key-on signals KON1 to KON8, continues the sound generation as if the key had been kept pressed even though the key has actually been released. do. When a new key is pressed, the key-on signal KON is activated in response to the actual key release.
1 to KON8 are cleared to "0", and the sounding of the musical tone signal for which the key has been released, which had been continuously sounding, is erased.

Description of Program Next, an example of a processing program executed by the microcomputer portion of FIG. 10 will be described according to the flowcharts shown in FIG. 14 and subsequent figures.

(1) Main Routine FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the main routine. In the initial set process that is executed first upon turning on the power switch, the pitch data memory 45
(PD memory) and volume data memory 46 (VD memory), pitch data PD1 to PD12 and volume data for each note read from the equal temperament memory 47.
Set VD1 to VD12 and set it to equal temperament.
In addition, various other memories and registers (12th
(Fig. 13)) (for example, PVSEL register, ROTARY register, etc.).
Set the SELECT1 to SELECT3 registers to appropriate values).

Next, execute pitch volume subroutine PVSUB. Here, the PD memory corresponding to the note name for which the adjustment operation was performed by scanning each switch in the note name adjustment operation section 12 (Fig. 6),
VD memory data PD1 to PD12, VD1 to VD
Change 12. Details of this are shown in FIG.

In the next ON switch subroutine ONSUB, the ON switch 16 of the multi-menu scale selection section 10 (FIG. 7) is scanned and processing corresponding to the operation is performed. Details of this are shown in FIG.

In the next memory switch subroutine MEMSUB, the multi-menu scale selection section 10
The memory switch 17 is scanned and processing corresponding to the operation is performed. Details of this are shown in FIG.

Next, the rotary switch subroutine ROTSUB
Now, multi-menu scale selection section 1
The rotary switch RSW (FIG. 8) attached to the rotary operator 15 of No. 0 is scanned and processing is performed according to the switch position. Details of this are shown in FIG.

Next scale switch subroutine SCLSUB
Now, scan the scale switch SCL in section 10 and perform processing according to the operation. Details of this are shown in FIG.

Next preset data write subroutine
PSTSUB performs processing for writing preset data in preset mode. Details of this are shown in FIGS. 20 and 21.

Next preset mode release subroutine
PEDSUB performs processing for canceling the preset mode, and details are shown in FIG. 22.

The next continuous mode selection subroutine CONTSUB scans the continuous mode selection switch and performs processing to determine whether or not to select the continuous mode depending on the operation. Details of this are shown in FIG.

The next keyboard subroutine KEYSUB scans each key switch on the keyboard, and based on the scan results, performs ``pronunciation assignment processing'' and ``processing for continuous mode.'' Details of this are shown in FIG.

In the next "Other panel controls scan" process, other controls on the panel section (switches in tone selection sections 11 and 13 in Figure 5, such as tone selection switches and master volume controls) are scanned. , the data corresponding to the scan result is stored in the panel data memory 57 (FIG. 13).
Store in.

At the very end of the main routine, each data PD1 to PD12, VD1 to
VD12, CH1 to CH8, and KON1 to KON8 are sent to the corresponding registers 28 to 32 in the tone generator section 26 (FIG. 11). In addition, other display data that was not sent in each subroutine of the previous step is stored in the data memory 2.
Display driver 2 from memory or register in
2 (FIG. 10) and displayed on the corresponding display. Then the first subroutine
Return to PVSUB and repeat the main routine.

In addition, within the main routine, the display interrupt subroutine is used as interrupt processing.
DISINT is executed periodically based on an internal timer. Here, processing is performed to make the memory LED and scale LED blink for a certain period of time. Details of this are shown in FIG.

(2) Pitch volume subroutine PVSUB In Fig. 15, it is first determined whether the contents of the PVSEL register indicate pitch P or volume V, and depending on this judgment, a pitch adjustment routine or a volume adjustment routine is performed. Do either routine for.

In the pitch adjustment routine, pitch adjustment processing 58-1 for pitch name C is first executed. In this process 58-1, it is first checked whether the up switch UP1 related to pitch name C is turned on, and if it is turned on, it is checked whether the value of pitch data PD1 of pitch name C in the PD memory is the maximum value "55". investigate. If it has not reached the maximum value "55" yet, it means that there is a possibility that PD1 can be further increased, so the predetermined change width data △P is added to PD1 and the sum becomes the maximum value "55". Check whether it exceeds (PD1+△P>
"55"? ). If it does not exceed the limit, it means that it can still be increased, so in block 59, △P is added to PD1, and the sum is stored in the PD memory as a new PD1.
(PD1←PD1+ΔP) is performed. Then, this new value of PD1 is displayed on the corresponding liquid crystal display LCD1. On the other hand, PD1+△P
If the value exceeds "55", the value of PD1 in the PD memory is set to the maximum value "55.0" by one process of block 60, and this is displayed on the display device LCD1.

In this embodiment, the power switches UP1 to UP1
If 2 is pressed, predetermined pitch change width data △P (for volume, volume change width data △V)
is added once every time this subroutine PVSUB is executed, increasing PD1 to PD12 (VD1 to VD12 in the case of volume), and if the down switch DWN1 to DWN12 is pressed, the change width data is △P, △V as subroutine
PD1 to PD12 or VD1 to VD12 are decreased by subtracting once each time PVSUB is executed. Here, △P can be preset to any value with the minimum unit being "0.1" (corresponding to 0.1 cent), and this △
Depending on how P is set, the pitch data value may not exactly reach the maximum value "55.0". For example, if △P is "0.4", pitch data PD1~
When the value of PD12 is "54.8" and this ΔP is added, the sum becomes "55.2", which exceeds "55.0". In such cases, pitch data PD1
The process of block 60 is performed to limit the value of ~PD12 to the maximum value "55.0". Similarly, processing is carried out in block 61 for subtraction. Also, in the case of volume, △V can be preset to any value with the minimum unit being "1", so
A similar problem arises, and maximum or minimum value limiting processing similar to that described above is performed in blocks 62 and 63.

After processing block 59 or 60, or
1 on? ” is NO or “PD1 = “55”? ” is YES
In this case, check whether down switch DWN1 is turned on. And this time, the minimum value “−
55", the same judgment as in the case of up switch UP1 is made (however, whether or not it can be reduced is determined by
−△P＜“−55”? If PD1 can still be decreased, ΔP is decreased from PD1 by the processing in block 64 and set in the PD memory as new PD1, and this is displayed on the display LCD1. do. On the other hand, if PD1 can no longer be reduced, block 61
Limit the value of PD1 to the minimum value "-55.0".

Thereafter, the pitch adjustment process for pitch name C and processes 58-2 to 58-12 similar to 58-1 are performed for the remaining pitch names D♭ to B, respectively. However, each process 58-
In steps 2 to 58-12, the switches UP2 to UP12 and DWN2 to DWN12 for the pitch name are checked, and the pitch data PD2 corresponding to the pitch name is checked.
~Adjust PD12.

On the other hand, in the volume adjustment routine, pitch name adjustment processing 65-1 regarding pitch name C is first executed. First, the processing related to the up switch UP1 is the same as the pitch adjustment processing 58-1, and the adjustment target is the volume data VD1 corresponding to the note name C in the VD memory, and the change width data is △V. , the only difference from the case of pitch adjustment is that the maximum value is "100" (decimal number). Next is the process related to down switch DWN1, which is performed when "DWN1 on?" is NO and "VD1 = "0"?" The process is the same as the pitch adjustment process 58-1, except for the process when " is YES", except that the adjustment target is the volume data VD1 in the VD memory, and the minimum value is "0" (decimal number)
The difference is that the change width data is △V, and the down flag DWNFLG
A step 66 is provided for setting ``1'' to ``1''. This down flag DWNFLG is “DWN1
on? ” YES and “VD1 = “0”? "NO" route, that is, when the down switch DWN1 is pressed before the volume data VD1 reaches the minimum value "0", it is set to "1".

When "DWN1 ON?" is NO, that is, when the down switch DWN1 is not pressed, check whether the down flag DWNFLG is set to "1", and if it is set, block 6 is set.
This is reset to "0" at step 7.

"VD1="0"? ” is YES, the down flag checks whether DWNFLG is set to “1” (block 68). If YES, this process 65-1 is ended, but if NO, the process advances to block 69 and processes for "off display" and "clear display" are performed.

"VD1="0"? " is YES means the volume data
This means that VD1 has been adjusted to zero volume, and when block 68 is YES, the down switch is
This means that you press DWN1 to adjust the volume to zero and then continue to press the switch. In such a case, the volume simply becomes zero, and "off display" and "requa display" are not particularly performed. Therefore, if the up switch UP1 is pressed next time, the volume data VD1 can be increased again, and the corresponding note name is not disabled.

On the other hand, if block 68 is NO, the volume data
After VD1 is adjusted to zero volume, press the down switch.
This means that DWN1 was turned off and then pressed again. In other words, “DWN1 on?”
The flag DWNFLG is reset to "0" by NO (block 67), and then "DWN1 on?" becomes YES, and "VD1="0"?" ” YES
After that, block 68 "DWNFLG="1"?"
was determined to be NO. In this way, once the volume has been adjusted to zero, active switch operation (pressing DWN1 again) to further lower the volume
When this is done, the process of block 69 is executed, and "off display" and "clear display" are performed.
That is, in block 69, the alpha alphabet character data "OFF" is set at the position of the volume data VD1 in the VD memory, and the data for "clear display" (that is, what (in other words, PD
1). This data VD1 is then displayed on the display device LCD1. Since the volume adjustment is currently selected, the text "OFF", that is, the volume "off display" is displayed on the display device LCD1. However, when the mode is changed to pitch adjustment later by operating the P/VSEL switch, the display
On the LCD 1, a "clear display" (that is, nothing is displayed) is performed based on the cleared PD1.
Although no particular program is shown, one of the data stored in the PD memory and VD memory is transferred to each display LCD1 to LCD1 according to the contents of the PVSEL register.
Of course, the process for displaying in step 2 is executed somewhere in the main routine (for example, in the last data sending process of the main routine). This "off display" and "clear display" can be done using up switches UP1 to UP12 or down switches.
This cannot be solved by using DWN1 to DWN12, and the equal temperament data is rewritten by the data set when just-toned data or preset data is set in the PD memory or VD memory. Also,
It is also possible to include "off display" and "clear display" in the preset data and write them into the preset memory. When creating a desired scale, if you set "off display" and "clear display" for a specific note name, that note name can be deleted from the scale.

Hereinafter, processes 65-2 to 65-12 similar to the volume adjustment process 65-1 for note name C are performed for other note names D♭ to B.
are executed respectively. In that case, the switch corresponding to that note name is UP2~UP12, DWN2~
DWN12 is checked, and volume data VD2 to VD12 corresponding to the note name are adjusted.

In this embodiment, the pitch volume subroutine PVSUB is not executed every cycle of the main routine, but once every several cycles. The ratio is determined by the clock rate selection switch mentioned above (FAST/SLOW in Figure 6).
selected by. If high speed (FAST) is selected, it will be done once every relatively few cycles.
PVSUB is executed, and therefore the interval at which ΔP and ΔV are added or subtracted becomes faster, and the speed of data change during pitch or volume adjustment becomes faster. SLOW
When is selected, PVSUB is executed once in a relatively large number of cycles, and the interval at which ΔP and ΔV are added and subtracted becomes slow, resulting in a slow data change speed.
Therefore, there is no need to change the values of the change width data ΔP and ΔV in either high speed or low speed. However, the calculation interval is not limited to this, and the calculation interval is constant, △P,
The value of ΔV may be switched depending on high speed or low speed.

(3) ON Switch Subroutine ONSUB In FIG. 16, the ON switch 16 is first checked, and if it is off, returns, but if it is on, the storage signal of the multi-on register MLTON is inverted to "1" or "0". Next, check whether the contents of the MLTON register are "0". If YES, it means that multi-menu scale selection section 10 is not enabled, so the ON/LED
, all scale LEDs are turned off, the volume of all notes being sounded is lowered (total tone level down), the stored data of the Well-Tempered Meri 47 is read out and set in the PD memory and VD memory, and the Well-Tempered Meli 47 is set to the PD memory and VD memory. mode (hereinafter, all blocks marked ``Equal temperament set in PD and VD memory'' have this meaning). After that, re-sound processing (cancels the volume level reduction and enables normal sound production) is performed. The "whole tone level down" and "re-sounding" processes that are executed immediately before and after data is set in the PD memory and VD memory cause the volume and pitch of the sound being produced to suddenly decrease due to the data stored in the PD memory and VD memory being rewritten. This is done to avoid changes in the volume, and before rewriting the data, lower the volume level and
This is achieved by restoring the original volume after data rewriting. In other routines, PD memory
This process is inserted when rewriting data in the VD memory, but its explanation will be omitted from now on.

On the other hand, when the MLTON register signal is "1", it means that the multi-menu scale selection section 10 is enabled.
Turn on the ON LED and turn on one scale LED according to SELECT (ROTARY). SELECT
(ROTARY) is any one register corresponding to the rotary switch position (any of 1 to 3) stored in the ROTARY register.
It means the number of scale switch SCL stored in SELECT1 to SELECT3. This display shown in other routines all have the same meaning. Next, in block 78, ROTARY
Rotary switch position (any one of 1 to 3) stored in the register and one register SELECT1 to corresponding to this rotary switch position
In combination with the scale switch number stored in SELECT 3, that is, the above SELECT (ROTARY), genuine adjustment memories 48-1 to 48-
12 or preset memory 49-1 to 49-2
A set of pitch data and volume data is read from this memory and set in the PD memory and VD memory, respectively.
Hereinafter, all the blocks labeled ``Read out the selected genuine tone or preset memory and set it in the PD and VD memories'' have this meaning.

(4) Memory switch subroutine MEMSUB In Figure 17, first the memory enable register
Check whether MEMEN is “1” and YES
In that case, this subroutine will not be executed. If NO, it is checked whether the memory switch 17 is on, and if it is on, it is checked whether the signal in the HOLD register is "0". Memory switch 1
If the pressing operation 7 is the first time, the HOLD register is still "0", and the hold mode process 70 is executed via the "HOLD="0"" YES route.

In the hold mode processing 70, the contents of the MLTON register are "1" and the contents of the ROTARY register do not indicate rotary switch position 1 (genuine tone selection). In block 71, the scale LED corresponding to the stored preset memory is displayed on the condition that it is in a state where it can be selected. That is, in block 71, registers MRS1 to MRS12 or MRS13 to MRS24 corresponding to the contents of the ROTARY register (rotary switch position 2 or 3) are read out and scaled according to the stored contents.
Turn on the LED. Register MRS1~12, MRS
13 to 24 have already stored a signal "1" corresponding to the stored preset memory, so the scale corresponding to the stored preset memory
LED is lit. Note that, here, the scale LEDs cannot be lit for all 24 preset memories, but for 12 preset memories corresponding to either rotary switch position 2 or 3 stored in the ROTARY register. Regarding the remaining 12 preset memories, by changing the rotary switch position, the subroutine ROTSUB shown in FIG.
The scale LED lighting process is performed by process 74.

Finally, in hold mode processing 70, the HOLD register is set to "1" to clarify that the hold mode has been entered. When the hold mode is set in this way, "HOLD="0"?" is determined as NO in the display interrupt subroutine DISINT shown in FIG. 23, and the memory
Processing to blink the LED is performed. memory led
The player confirms that the player is in hold mode by the flashing icon, and confirms which preset memory is stored (and conversely, which preset memory is empty) by looking at the lit scale LED. can do.

On the other hand, when the memory switch 17 is pressed again after entering the hold mode, "HOLD="0"?" in FIG. 17 becomes NO, and the preset mode process 72 is executed. here,
If the stored contents of the ROTARY register are in rotary switch position 2 or 3 (that is, the preset memory is selected) and the MLTON register is "1", a signal "1" is applied to the memory enable register MEMEN. set,
Reset the HOLD register to “0” and MRS1
12 or MRS 13 to 24, all the scale LEDs that were turned off are turned off, and finally the memory LED is turned on. In this way, the hold mode shifts to the preset mode.

On the other hand, in the hold mode, the contents of the ROTARY register are either rotary switch position 1 (that is, genuine tone is selected) or
If the memory switch 17 is pressed while the MLTON register is "0", the program proceeds to block 73, resets the HOLD register to "0", and
Turn off the memory LED and release hold mode.

(5) Rotary switch subroutine ROTSUB In FIG. 18, the output of the rotary switch RSW and the contents of the ROTARY register are first compared to determine whether they are the same or different. If they are different, set the output of rotary switch RSW to the ROTARY register. The contents of the ROTARY register thus indicate the currently selected rotary switch position. Next, it is checked whether the signal of the MLTON register is "0" or not, and if NO, that is, the mode is to select genuine tone or preset memory, proceed to the next step and check whether the signal of the HOLD register is "1". If "1" is set in the HOLD register, hold mode processing 74 is executed. Here, it is checked whether the contents of the ROTARY register are at rotary switch position 1 (genuine tone), and if NO, that is, the preset memory at rotary switch position 2 or 3 is selected, the process of block 75 is performed. The processing of block 75 is the same as the processing of block 71 in FIG. In this way, in the hold mode, by switching the rotary switch RSW to position 2 or 3, the corresponding preset memory 49-1 to 49-12 or 49-12 to 49-24 can be set to the stored one. The scale LED is lit.

When in a mode other than hold mode, that is, in normal read mode or preset mode, "HOLD =
“1”? ” is NO, then in block 76
Check whether the signal of the HLDCNG register is "1". If NO, then check whether the MEMEN register is “1”, and if MEMEN is “1”,
This subroutine ROTSUB ends, but
If HLDCNG is "1" or MEMEN is "0", the process of block 77 is performed after the process of "lowering the whole tone level" is performed. Block 77 is the 16th
This is the same process as block 78 in the figure, and the ROTATY
The memory contents of the register and the corresponding one
2 scale number registers SELECT1 to
Reads data from pure tone or preset memory according to the combination with the scale number stored in SELECT3, that is, SELECT (ROTARY).
Set in PD and VD memory. After that, "re-sounding" processing is performed and the scale LED corresponding to SELECT (ROTARY) is lit.

The HLDCNG register is set to the signal "1" when the data in the PD memory and VD memory is shifted to the hold memory 50 in the preset mode, and the MEMEN register is set to the signal "1" in the preset mode. It is set to . Therefore, if the data in the PD memory and VD memory has not yet been shifted to the hold memory 50 in the preset mode, the process goes from YES (MEMEN="1") to "return" without reaching the process of block 77. On the other hand, if the data in the PD memory and VD memory has already been shifted to the hold memory 50 in the preset mode, the process passes through YES in block 76 and proceeds to the process in block 77.
The PD memory,
This is the case when the rotary operator 15 is operated to select which preset memory to write the data into after storing the data in the VD memory in the hold memory 50. In addition, in the case of the normal read mode, the processing in block 77 is reached through the NO route of MEMEN="1". In this rotary switch subroutine ROTSUB, the processing in block 77 is performed simply by switching the position of the rotary operator 15, and a specific scale number is specified without any special operation of the scale switch SCL, and the scale number and Depending on the combination with the selected rotary switch position, pure tuning scale data or preset data will be displayed as PD,
It is now set in VD memory. This is because the number of the last operated scale switch SCL corresponding to each rotary switch position is stored in the scale number registers SELECT1 to SELECT3 corresponding to each rotary switch position. In this way, although the preset memory or genuine adjustment memory is selected by the combination of the rotary operator 15 and the scale switch SCL, it is not necessarily necessary to operate both at the same time. The operation is easy because the selection can be made simply by switching only the .

(6) Scale switch subroutine SCLSUB In Figure 19, first check whether the MLTON register is set to signal “1” and select YES.
If so, check whether the HOLD register is "0". When HOLD="0" is NO, that is, when in hold mode, the process returns and this subroutine SCLSUB is no longer executed. Therefore, in the hold mode, the scale switch operation is disabled even though the scale selection section 10 is enabled by setting the MLTON register to "1". This means that when in hold mode, the preset memory data is PD,
The PD, so that it is not set in the VD memory,
Preset data being created in VD memory (data to be preset in preset memory)
This is to prevent it from being destroyed.

If not in hold mode, scale switch
Check if any of the SCLs are turned on,
If YES, compare SELECT (ROTARY) with the scale switch SCL number that was turned on. That is, the scale number stored in any one of the scale number registers SELECT1 to SELECT3 corresponding to the rotary switch position stored in the ROTARY register is compared with the number of the scale switch SCL that is currently turned on. If they match, it means that the same scale switch SCL has been pressed (or continues to be pressed), so the process goes to "return" without executing subroutine SCLSUB any further. On the other hand, if there is a mismatch, the data stored in the scale number register corresponding to the current rotary switch position SELECT (ROTARY)
Set the scale switch SCL number that was turned on this time. Then this SELECT(ROTARY)
Light up the corresponding scale LED. after that,
Check "MEMEN="1"?" If this is NO, it means normal read mode, so jump to "whole tone level down" processing and execute the processing of block 79, which is similar to block 78 in Fig. 16. . In this manner, in the normal read mode, data is read from the genuine tone or preset memory selected in accordance with the operation of the scale switch SCL, and set in the PD memory and VD memory.

On the other hand, in preset mode, “MEMEN
= “1”? ” is YES and “HLDCNG=
“1”? ”. If the data in the PD and VD memories has not yet been shifted (saved) to the hold memory 50, HLDCNG is "0" and the processes in blocks 80 and 81 are performed. In block 80
HLDCNG is set to "1", and block 81 stores data in PD and VD memory to hold memory 5.
Set to 0 (evacuate). Thereafter, the process of block 79 is performed and the selected preset data is set in the PD and VD memories. After processing blocks 80 and 81 once, the next subroutine SCLSUB asks “HLDCNG="1"? YES
, and jumps through blocks 80 and 81 to reach block 79. Therefore, in the preset mode, the data in the PD and VD memories is stored in the hold memory 50 by pressing the scale switch SCL for the first time, and thereafter the scale switch is pressed.
No matter how many times SCL is pressed, the data in the PD and VD memories will only be rewritten, and the data once saved in the hold memory 50 (data to be preset created by operating the up/down switch)
is not changed. The player saves the data to be preset that he or she has created in the hold memory 50, and at the same time reads out the stored data of each preset memory to the PD and VD memories as many times as necessary to monitor its contents. It is possible to consider which preset memory should newly created preset data be written while checking the contents of the stored preset data.

(7) Preset data writing subroutine
PSTSUB In Figure 20, first the MEMEN register is “0”
If it is YES, it means you are not in preset mode, so go to ``Return''. NO that is
If MEMEN="1", then it is checked whether the memory switch 17 and any scale switch SCL are turned on at the same time, and if NO, this subroutine PSTSUB is not executed any further, but if YES, this subroutine is further executed. Execute and write preset data to preset memory.

First, set "1" in the MEM register to clarify that preset data has been written. Next, set the memory timer register MEMTIM to a predetermined initial value (this corresponds to the time at which the memory LED should blink). Then, ROTARY
Based on the combination of the rotary switch position stored in the register and the scale number of the scale switch SCL that has just been turned on, the preset memory to which data is to be written is specified, and the address of this preset memory is set. Next, in the memory save subroutine, the data to be preset stored in the hold memory 50 (or stored in the PD memory or VD memory) is written into one preset memory whose address was set in the previous step.

Details of the memory save subroutine are shown in FIG. Here, it is checked whether the HLDCNG register is set to "1".
If HLDCNG is "1", this indicates that the data created for presetting is stored in the hold memory 50 (see block 81 in Figure 19), and jumps to block 82 to address the address in the previous step. Processing is performed to write the data in the hold memory 50 into one preset memory that has been set. On the other hand, if HLDCNG is "0", it indicates that the data created in the PD and VD memories for presetting has not yet been saved to the hold memory 50, and in this case, block 8
After the data in the PD and VD memories is temporarily transferred to the hold memory 50 through the process of block 3, the data is written to a predetermined preset memory through the process of block 82. In this case, instead of the process in block 83,
The data in the PD and VD memories may be written directly into one preset memory whose address has been set. Finally, the register corresponding to the preset memory whose address has been set (the preset memory to which the preset data has just been written)
A signal "1" is set at the positions of MRS1-12 and MRS13-24 to clarify that the preset memory has been stored.

Returning to Figure 20, after the memory save subroutine, all scale LEDs are turned off.
Performs "all-tone level down" processing and reads out the data in the preset memory that was just written.
Set them in the PD memory and VD memory respectively so that you can check the contents of the preset data that has just been written. After that, reset the HLDCNG register to "0".

(8) Preset mode cancellation subroutine
PEDSUB In Figure 22, first the MEMEN register is “0”.
If it is NO, it is preset mode and proceed to the next step. Next, MLTON is “0”
Or, the contents of ROTARY are at rotary switch position 1.
Find out. By operating the ON switch 16
When the MLTON register is reset to "0" (when equal temperament is set as shown in Figure 16), or when pure tuning (rotary switch position 1) is selected by operating the rotary controller 15. At this time, the memory LED is turned off and the memory enable register MEMEN is reset to "0", thereby canceling the preset mode. lastly,
Reset the HLDCNG register to “0”. In the preset mode, the data in one of the preset memories was once read out to the PD and VD memories (at this time, the data was read out by the process of block 80 in Fig. 19).
HLDCNG is set to “1”), preset data writing (subroutine in Figure 20)
If the preset mode is canceled without performing PSTSUB), HLDCNG is still "1", so it is reset to "0".

(9) Display interrupt subroutine
DISINT In FIG. 23, the timer processing involves subtracting 1 from the contents of the memory timer register MEMTIM. A predetermined initial value is set in this MEMTIM register when the subroutine PSTSUB shown in FIG. 20 is executed, and this initial value is decremented by 1 each time this interrupt subroutine DISINT is executed. Note that once the contents of the MEMTIM register reach "0", no further subtraction is performed in "timer processing" and "0" is maintained.

When preset data is written in preset mode as described above, the MEM register is set to "1" (processing in Figure 20), so "MEM=
“0”? ” is NO and the contents of the MEMTIM register have become “0”. If it has not reached "0" yet, a process is performed to blink the scale LED corresponding to the preset memory in which the preset data has been written. In this way, the scale LED blinks until the predetermined blinking time initially set in the MEMTIM register has elapsed.
When the contents of the MEMTIM register become “0”,
The MEMTIM register is reset to “0” and the scale LED stops blinking.

(10) Continuous mode selection subroutine
CONTSUB The continuous mode selection subroutine CONTSUB shown in Figure 24 first checks whether the continuous mode selection switch is turned on, and if it is turned on, changes the contents of the CONT register from "1" to "0". or “0” to “1”
to be reversed. Then, check the contents of the CONT register, and if it is "1", light up the continuous LED (this is provided on the panel corresponding to the continuous mode selection switch), and set it to "0".
If so, turn off the continuous LED. By turning on or off this continuous LED,
It is determined whether continuous mode is selected or not.

(11) Keyboard subroutine KEYSUB In FIG. 25, block 84 scans each key switch on the keyboard and converts the key codes of all pressed keys to the new key code KEYNEW.
As a new key code memory 55 (Fig. 13)
Store in. Next, block 85 refers to the volume data VD1 to VD12 for each note name stored in the VD memory (FIG. 12) to detect a note name whose content is zero volume or "off display"data;
If the key code corresponding to that note name is included in the new key code KEYNEW, this key code is deleted from the new key code KEYNEW. This block 8
The key corresponding to the note name adjusted to zero volume or "off display" (off display is also included in zero volume in a broad sense) by the process of step 5 is prohibited from being assigned to a musical sound generation channel.

Next, in block 86, the old key code stored in the old key code memory is
KEYOLD (key code of the key whose key press was detected in the previous scan cycle) and new key code
KEYNEW and KEYNEW are compared, and if they all match, there is no need to perform new assignment or key-off processing, so this subroutine KEYSUB is terminated, but if there is any difference even in part, the process advances to block 87. In block 87, based on the comparison result of block 87, the key code of the key that changed from key-on to key-off (the key code that is included in KEYOLD but not included in KEYNEW) or the key code that changed from key-off to key-on is determined. Key code (not included in KEYOLD)
The key codes included in KEYNEW are picked up and stored in the variable key code memory 56 (FIG. 13) as the variable key code NKC. Next, clear the old key code KEYOLD in the old key code memory 54 and store the new key code KEYNEW in its place.
This is set as the old key code KEYOLD in the next processing cycle.

Block 88 has one change key code NKC
Check to see if this is a newly keyed one. If the key has been newly turned on, the process advances from YES in block 88 to block 89, where it is checked whether the CONT register is "1". In continuous mode
CONT is "1", and after the sound generation stop processing 90 is executed in the YES route of the block 89, the sound generation channel assignment processing 91 is executed. If not in continuous mode, NO in block 89
Immediate pronunciation channel assignment processing using the route 91
Move to. In the sound generation channel assignment process 91, the values of the key-on signals KON1 to KON8 of each channel in the key-on memory 52 (FIG. 13) are checked, and one of the channels whose value is "0" (that is, key-off) is assigned as a new channel. The key-on signals KON (Y) and TKON (Y) corresponding to the channel Y of the key-on memory 52 and true key-on memory 53 are set to "1", respectively, and the key-on signals KON (Y) and TKON (Y) corresponding to the channel Y of the key code memory 51 are set to "1". The change key code NKC currently being processed is set as the key code CH(Y).

Thereafter, in block 92, it is checked whether processing has been completed for all the changed key codes NKC stored in the changed key code memory 56, and if NO, the process returns to block 88 and the above-mentioned process is performed for another (unprocessed) changed key code NKC. Perform similar processing.

If the change key code NKC is a new key-off, the flow advances from NO in block 88 to block 93 to check whether the mode is continuous mode. If in continuous mode, proceed to block 95, otherwise proceed to block 94 and then proceed to block 95.
Block 94 indicates the change key code currently being processed.
NKC is compared with the key codes CH1 to CH8 assigned to each channel, a channel
(X) is reset to "0". In block 95, similar to block 94, the change key code NKC and each key code CH1 to CH8 are compared, a channel X on which both match is detected, and that channel
The key-on signal TKON(X) in the true key-on memory 53 corresponding to the key-on signal TKON(X) is reset to "0". In the case of continuous mode, block 94 is not executed, so even if the key is turned off, the key-on signals KON1 to KON8 in the key-on memory 52 are not reset and remain at "1", giving the appearance that the key is being pressed continuously. treated as if it were there. That is,
As mentioned above, the sound of each channel in the tone generator section 26 is generated not by the true key-on memory 53 but by the key-on signal KON of the key-on memory 52.
This is because it is controlled based on KON8.

When a new key-on is detected in the continuous mode, a sound generation stop process 90 is executed. Here, "1" is first set as the channel number K, and then, in block 96, the true key-on signal TKON (K) of the channel corresponding to this number K and the key-on signal KON (K) are stored in each key-on memory. Read from 52 and 53 respectively.
It is checked whether TKON (K) is "0" and KON (K) is "1" (that is, it is checked whether the sound generation is controlled as key-on even though the key is actually off). If YES, that key-on signal
Reset KON (K) to “0” to stop sound generation. Next, the channel number K is incremented by 1 and the process returns to block 96 to repeat the above process.
When the value of K exceeds the total number of channels "8" and reaches "9", this sound generation stop processing 90 is terminated.
In this way, in continuous mode, musical tones that have been released will actually continue to be sounded as if the key had been continuously pressed, but when a new key is pressed, those keys will continue to be sounded. All sounds, both nominal and actual, are treated as key-offs, and the pronunciation is stopped.

In addition, in order to prohibit the assignment of keys corresponding to pitch names set to zero volume or "off display", the second
In Figure 5, processing is performed at block 85, but
The present invention is not limited to this, and for example, assignment regarding this note name may be prohibited in the allocation processing of block 91, or when detecting the change key code NKC in block 87, the change key code for this note name may be prohibited. You may choose not to detect NKC.

Other Explanations In the above embodiments, volume and pitch control has been described, but the same method can be used to adjust other musical sound elements (for example, timbre, modulation effect, etc.) independently for each note name.

In addition, adjustment controls (UP1 to UP12, DWN
1~DWN12) and display (LCD1~LCD12)
is shared by volume and pitch, but they may be provided separately. Furthermore, the configuration of the adjustment control and display may be of any type; for example, it is not limited to a pushbutton switch, but may also be a latch type switch, a dial type control, or the like, or the display may be independent of the control. For example, the scale plate of the operator may be modified, and any other modifications are included within the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the preset selection operator is not limited to the one in the embodiment, and any operator may be used. The preset memory is not limited to a semiconductor memory, but may also be a mechanical memory including a switch, a lever, etc., or an external memory such as a magnetic card.

In order to set the musical tone frequency, the tone generator section 26 of FIG. 11 accumulates frequency numbers, and this frequency number is changed for pitch control, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to any system in which musical tone frequencies are set and pitch control is performed using any method, such as a variable frequency division method or an independent oscillation method for each note name. Further, the present invention can be applied not only to digital electronic musical instruments but also to analog electronic musical instruments.

In the embodiment described above, the operation of each switch and the storage process are performed by software processing of a microcomputer, but it may also be configured by a hard-wired circuit that performs the same functions. On the other hand, although the calculation for biasing the frequency number by the cent value corresponding to the pitch data is performed by a hard-wired circuit in the embodiment described above, it can also be performed by software processing.

Note that the configuration related to the preset function shown in the above embodiment is not limited to the preset function (scale preset) for controlling musical tone elements for each note name as in the present invention, but is generally applicable to well-known tones, volume, etc. It can also be applied to preset functions such as modulation effects.

One characteristic technical idea that can be extracted from the preset function shown in the embodiment is the rotary operator 15.
In combination with the scale switch SCL and the scale switch SCL, it is possible to select a much larger number of preset data sets than the number of operators or switches.
Such a multi-menu preset selection operation is not limited to the selection of scale preset data as in the present invention, but also the selection of preset data such as commonly known tone selection operators or volume adjustment operators common to each note name. It can also be advantageously applied to selection. In modern electronic musical instruments, there are quite a large number of selectable preset data sets in the preset device for tone, volume, and effects, and if a selection switch is provided individually for each preset data set, it will be costly and difficult to arrange. Space issues also arise. Therefore, a combination of a rotary operator and a scale switch as shown in this embodiment (in a broad sense, a first set of data sets that can be selected from a large number of preset data sets that are divided into a plurality of groups and a first set of a combination of a switch means and a second switch means for selecting an individual preset data set within one group), and a combination of a multi-menu display means attached to a rotary operator (a combination of a first switch means If this method (means for providing an identification display of selectable preset data sets within a selected group) is also applied to a normal tone, volume, or effect preset device, it will save money in terms of cost and arrangement space. This also improves operability by reducing the number of switches.

Another characteristic technical idea that can be extracted from the preset function shown in the embodiment is that a hold mode is provided as a means of preparing for the preset mode, and it is possible to determine which preset memory is currently in use (or has been stored). Conversely, which preset memory is free (which preset memory can be used without destroying the preset data that has already been stored) is displayed during this hold mode, and preset work (creating and writing data for presets) is performed. This was done to make it easier for people to carry out their work. Also, during this hold mode, data in the preset memory is not read out to the pitch data memory and volume data memory, and the preset data (preset data) being created in the pitch data memory and volume data memory is This prevents data to be written into any preset memory from being destroyed, allowing the user to concentrate on creating preset data. Such a hold mode can also be applied to a preset device such as a normal tone, volume, or effect, and the preset function can be improved.

Yet another characteristic technical idea that can be extracted from the preset function of the embodiment is that a hold memory 50 is provided so that the preset data that has been created in the pitch data memory and the volume data memory can be saved in this hold memory, Once saved, the created preset data is held without being rewritten in the hold memory, and the stored preset data in the preset memory can be monitored any number of times during that time. This is also a technology that can be applied to other preset devices.
The preset function can be improved.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the volume or pitch or any other musical sound element can be adjusted independently for each note name, so it can be extremely advantageously applied in music education or pitch education. ,
Various musical effects can be brought about not only in normal performances but also in regular performances. Further, according to the present invention, since a new scale preset function is provided, the performance performance of the electronic musical instrument can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram for explaining the basic concept of this invention, FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the operator means and preset means in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram for explaining the basic concept of the invention. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing another example of the operator means. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram for explaining the concept shown in FIG. 1 from a different perspective. FIG. A schematic plan view showing the front panel of the instrument; FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the note name adjustment section shown in FIG. 5; and FIG. 7 is a multi-menu scale selection section shown in FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of the rotary operator shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a developed view showing an example of the display of the menu display plate shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is an electrical block diagram schematically showing the electrical hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
This figure is an electrical block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the tone generator section shown in FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 shows the main memories and registers included in the working and data memory shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the principal information flows between the memory and peripherals; FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating the remaining memory and registers contained within the working and data memory shown in FIG. 10 is a flowchart schematically showing the main routine of the process executed by the microcomputer section shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the pitch volume subroutine in FIG. 14, and FIG. is a flowchart showing an example of the NO switch subroutine in FIG.
17 is a flowchart showing an example of the memory switch subroutine in FIG. 14, FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an example of the rotary switch subroutine in FIG.
4 is a flowchart showing an example of the scale switch subroutine, FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing an example of the preset data writing subroutine in FIG. 14, and FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an example of the memory save subroutine in FIG. 20. , FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing an example of the preset mode cancellation subroutine in FIG. 14, FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing an example of the display interrupt subroutine in FIG. 14, and FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing an example of the display interrupt subroutine in FIG.・A flowchart showing an example of the mode selection subroutine. FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing an example of the keyboard subroutine in FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Pitch name designation means, 2... Musical tone signal generation means, 3... Operator means, 4... Control means, 5...
Preset means, 10...Multi-menu scale selection section, 11...Tone selection section, 12...Tone name adjustment operator section,
UP1~UP12...Up switch, DWN1~
DWN12……Down switch, P/VSEL……
Pitch/volume selection switch, LCD1~
LCD12...Liquid crystal display for each note name, 14...
Multi-menu window, 15...Rotary control, 1
5-1, 15-2, 15-3...Menu display plate, 15a...Knob, RSW...Rotary switch, SCL...Scale switch, 16...
ON switch, 17...Memory switch, 18...
...CPU, 19...Program memory, 20...
Working and data memory, 25...Keyboard, 2
6... Tone generator section, 34... Fundamental frequency number memory, 37... Multiplier for pitch control, 38... Cent value/frequency ratio conversion memory, 3
9... Accumulator, 40... Shift circuit, 4
1... Musical tone signal forming circuit, 42... Envelope generator, 43... Volume data conversion circuit, 44...
Multiplier for volume level control, 45... Pitch data memory (PD memory), 46... Volume data memory (VD memory), 47... Equal temperament memory, 48
-1 to 48-12... Genuine tone memory, 49-1
to 49-24... preset memory, 50...
Hold memory, PD1 to PD12...Pitch data (pitch adjustment data), VD1 to VD12...Volume data (volume adjustment data).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Pitch name designation means for specifying the pitch name of a musical tone to be generated, musical tone signal generation means for generating a musical tone signal corresponding to the specified pitch name, and volume, pitch, and other musical tones. operator means for independently adjusting at least one of the elements for each note name; and operating the musical tone element of the musical tone signal to be generated by the musical tone signal generating means in correspondence with the note name of the musical tone signal. An electronic musical instrument comprising: control means for independently controlling each pitch name according to contents adjusted by the child means; 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the operator means is for adjusting at least the volume independently for each note name. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the operator means is for adjusting at least the pitch of musical tones independently for each note name. 4. The operator means includes a display means for displaying adjustment details for each note name, and the pitch adjustment details for each note name are displayed based on data representing pitch deviation from equal temperament in cents. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein the electronic musical instrument is displayed. 5. The operator means stores the operator provided corresponding to each note name and the adjustment details for each note name of a predetermined musical tone element, The electronic device according to claim 1, which includes a storage means whose stored contents are changed according to an operation, and a display means for displaying adjustment contents for each pitch name stored in the storage means. musical instrument. 6. The storage means is provided corresponding to a plurality of types of musical tone elements, and the operator and the display means are shared among the plurality of types of musical tone elements, and the operator and the display means are provided in correspondence with the plurality of types of musical tone elements. It includes a switch means for switching which musical tone element is to be used, and the contents of the storage means corresponding to the musical tone element selected by the switch means are changed by the operator, and the storage means 6. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, wherein the content of is displayed by said display means. 7. The storage means is provided corresponding to the volume and pitch, respectively, and the switch means is for switching between the volume and pitch.
Electronic musical instruments listed in section. 8. The operator includes an up switch and a down switch provided corresponding to each note name, and the adjustment contents stored in the storage means are increased or decreased according to the operation of the up switch or down switch. The electronic musical instrument according to item 6 or 7. 9. The storage means is provided corresponding to the volume and at least one other musical tone element, and the contents of the storage means corresponding to the volume of a certain note are temporarily reduced to zero in response to the operation of the down switch. After the adjustment, on the condition that the down switch is operated again to adjust the volume of the note name, the content of the storage means corresponding to the volume of the note name is changed to predetermined off display data; Claim 8: In conjunction with this off display change, the contents of the storage means corresponding to other musical tone elements related to the note name are forcibly changed to predetermined clear display data.
Electronic musical instruments listed in section. 10. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 9, wherein the display means does not display anything in response to the clear display data. 11 The operator means includes an operator for independently adjusting the volume and at least one other musical tone element for each note name, and a display for displaying adjustment details for each note name of each musical tone element. and display control means for detecting a note name whose volume has been adjusted to zero and forcibly displaying the adjustment details of other musical tone elements corresponding to the note name in a predetermined clear display. An electronic musical instrument according to item 1 of the scope of . 12 The display control means forcibly displays the adjustment contents of other musical tone elements corresponding to the note name, on the condition that after the volume is once adjusted to zero, an operation is performed to further lower the volume. 12. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 11, wherein a predetermined clear display is provided. 13. The display control means changes the display of the volume adjustment details corresponding to the note name to a predetermined off display when an operation is performed to further lower the volume after the volume is once adjusted to zero; 13. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 12, wherein the clear display of other musical tone elements corresponding to the note name is performed in conjunction with the off display. 14 The other musical tone element is the pitch of the musical tone,
14. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 11, wherein the clear display is a state in which nothing is displayed. 15. The note name designating means comprises a keyboard having a plurality of keys each corresponding to a note name over a plurality of octaves, and the musical tone signal generating means includes a plurality of musical tone generators capable of independently generating musical tone signals. channel, and sound generation assignment means for assigning a key pressed on the keyboard to one of the channels and generating a musical tone signal corresponding to the key in the assigned channel, and the control means is configured to assign a tone signal to each channel. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the musical tone elements of the musical tone signal are controlled independently for each channel according to the adjustment content of the operator means corresponding to the pitch name of the assigned key. 16. The operator means is for adjusting at least the volume independently for each note name, and the pronunciation assignment means is for adjusting the sound volume for the key corresponding to the note name whose volume has been adjusted to zero by the operator means. 16. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 15, wherein the assignment is not performed. 17 Pitch name designation means for specifying the pitch name of the musical tone to be generated; musical tone signal generation means for generating a musical tone signal corresponding to the specified pitch name; and at least one of the volume, pitch, and other musical tone elements. operator means for independently adjusting each note name; preset means for making it possible to select at once a set of preset adjustment data of the musical tone elements for each note name; and the operator means. The musical tone elements of the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generating means are adjusted for each note name according to the adjustment details for each note name or the adjustment data for each note name collectively selected by the preset means. An electronic musical instrument equipped with independently controlled control means and. 18 The preset means includes a preset storage means capable of storing a plurality of sets of adjustment data of the musical tone elements for each note name, and a preset storage means capable of storing a plurality of sets of adjustment data of the musical tone elements for each note name adjusted by the operator means. Claim 17, comprising: writing means for writing a set of adjustment data into said preset storage means; and reading means for selectively reading said set of adjustment data from said preset storage means. Electronic musical instruments listed in section. 19 The operator means stores an operator provided corresponding to each note name and adjustment data of the musical tone element for each note name, and is configured to operate the operator corresponding to each note name. a memory whose storage contents are changed according to the preset storage means, and whose storage contents are rewritten by the read adjustment data when the set of adjustment data is read out from the preset storage means by the reading means. circuit, and display means for displaying adjustment data for each note name stored in the memory circuit, the adjustment data for each note name stored in the memory circuit is provided to the control means, Claim 1 wherein musical tone elements for each note name are controlled in accordance with adjustment data.
The electronic musical instrument according to item 8. 20. Claim 17, wherein the preset means makes a set of adjustment data for each note name related to the volume and adjustment data for each note name related to the pitch of musical tones so that they can be selected at once. The electronic musical instrument according to any one of items 19 to 19.