JPH0393881A - Working fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an incombustible working fluid, composed of perfluorocyclopropane, having a low solubility in polymer compounds without causing problems in destruction of ozonosphere and used for refrigerators, heat pumps, etc. CONSTITUTION:The objective working fluid obtained by adding, as necessary, about 0.01-5% compounds, such as epoxides, (thio)phosphites, phosphine sulfides, boron compounds, phenols, nitroalkanes and acrylic acid esters, as a stabilizer to perfluorocyclopropane. Furthermore, compounds, such as fluorocarbons, pentafluorodimethyl ether of perfluoroethylamine, having the boiling point within + or -50 deg.C of that of the perfluorocyclopropane in an amount within the range of up to 50% based on the weight of the perfluorocyclopropane can be mixed therewith.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to working fluids used in refrigerators, heat pumps, etc.

Prior Art and Problems Conventionally, as working fluids or refrigerants, chlorofluorohydrocarbons, fluorohydrocarbons, azeotropic compositions thereof, and compositions of compositions in the vicinity thereof have been known. These are called fluorocarbons or fluorocarbon-based refrigerants, and trichlorofluoromethane (fluorocarbon-1) is currently used as a working fluid for refrigerators.
1), dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon-12), etc. are mainly used. However, in recent years, it has been pointed out that certain types of fluorocarbons can destroy the ozone layer in the stratosphere when released into the atmosphere, resulting in serious adverse effects on the earth's ecosystem, including humans. Therefore, the use and production of fluorocarbons, which have a high possibility of depleting the ozone layer, has been restricted by international agreements. Types of fluorocarbons that are subject to restrictions include Freon-11 and Freon-12, which are commonly used as described above. frozen·
Restrictions on the use and production of fluorocarbons, the demand for which is increasing every year with the spread of air conditioning equipment, have a major impact on the current social structure as a whole, including the living environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new refrigerants that have no or low risk of causing ozone depletion problems.

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has conducted various studies in order to obtain a new refrigerant that has little or no effect on the ozone layer even when released into the atmosphere. As a result, it was found that perfluorosic propane meets the requirements for the purpose.

We have also discovered that perfluorocyclopropane has excellent properties as a working fluid for heat pumps.

That is, the present invention relates to a working fluid consisting of perfluorinated propane.

The main physical properties of perfluorocyclopropane (hereinafter referred to as Freon-C216) used in the present invention are as follows.

Boiling point -30.3°C Critical temperature 97.4°C Critical pressure 4 1. 0kg/cot-
a Molecular weight 150 In the present invention, Freon-C216 may contain, if necessary,
Zero stabilizers can be used. That is, when a high degree of stability is required under harsh usage conditions, epoxides such as propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, and glycidol: dimethyl phosphite, diisopropylphosphite, diphenyl phosphite phosphites such as; thiophosphites such as trilauryltrithiophosphite; phosphine sulfides such as triphenoxyphosphine sulfide and trimethylphosphine sulfide; boric acid, triethylborate, triphenylborate, phenylboronic acid, diphenylboron Boron compounds such as acids; 2,6-di-te
Phenols such as rt-butylpara-cresol; Nitroalkanes such as nitromethane and nitroethane; Acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; Other dioxane, tert◆butanol, pentaerythritol, barisopropenyltoluene; etc. A stabilizer can be added in an amount of about 0.01 to 5% of the weight of the working fluid.

In addition, within the range of up to 50% of the weight of Freon-C216,
Other compounds having boiling points within ±50°C of the boiling point of Freon-C216 can be mixed. Examples of such compounds include Freon-22.32, 124, 125.13
Freon such as 4a, 142b, 143a, 152a;
Examples include ethers such as pentafluorodimethyl ether; and amines such as perfluoroethylamine.

4. Effects of the invention Since Freon-C216 used in the present invention does not contain chlorine atoms and bromine atoms that affect the ozone layer, there is no risk of causing the problem of ozone layer destruction.

Further, since Freon-C216 has low solubility in high molecular compounds, it can be used as is without changing the material in existing refrigeration equipment or the like.

Furthermore, since Freon-C216 is nonflammable, it can be used as is in ordinary refrigeration equipment.

Furthermore, the Freon-C216 of the present invention is useful not only as a refrigerant but also as a working fluid for heat pumps and the like.

EXAMPLES Examples will be shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.

Example 1 In a 1 horsepower refrigerator using Freon-C216 as a refrigerant, (I) condensation temperature [°C] of the refrigerant in the condenser
(II) The evaporation temperature [°C] was set to the values shown in Table 1, and the condenser supercooling degree was set to O'C.

Table 1 shows (m) evaporation pressure [kg/cJ] under each condition.
], (TV) condensing pressure [kg/crI], (V) refrigeration capacity [kcal/m3], and (Vl) discharge gas temperature.

Comparative Examples 1 to 2 Freon-11 or Freon-0216 was replaced with Freon-0216.
The refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 12 was used. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 2 Same as Example 1 except for changing some operating conditions,
Operated the refrigerator. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Examples 3 to 4 Freon-11 or Freon-1 instead of Freon-C216
The refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that No. 12 was used. The results are also shown in Table 2.

From the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, it is obvious that the working fluid of the present invention exhibits a refrigerating ability superior to conventional working fluids.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Working fluid consisting of perfluorocyclopropane.