JPH0393887A - Working fluid - Google Patents
Working fluidInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0393887A JPH0393887A JP1231887A JP23188789A JPH0393887A JP H0393887 A JPH0393887 A JP H0393887A JP 1231887 A JP1231887 A JP 1231887A JP 23188789 A JP23188789 A JP 23188789A JP H0393887 A JPH0393887 A JP H0393887A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cf3sf5
- working fluid
- compounds
- fluorocarbons
- boiling point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004971 nitroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEIJMVGQZDKEPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoroethanamine Chemical compound FN(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F XEIJMVGQZDKEPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSANLGASBHUYGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfidophosphanium Chemical class S=[PH3] WSANLGASBHUYGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- QIYZKVMAFMDRTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoro(trifluoromethyl)-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(F)(F)(F)(F)F QIYZKVMAFMDRTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 7
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Epoxybutane Chemical compound CCC1CO1 RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJYKUYUDWYBTAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=1C=CC=CC=1OBOC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OBOC1=CC=CC=C1 QJYKUYUDWYBTAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 150000005827 chlorofluoro hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ACYQYBAHTSKBLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethoxy(trifluoro)methane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(F)(F)F ACYQYBAHTSKBLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZHYKKAKFWLGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP([O-])OC CZHYKKAKFWLGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTTOHPVIMQHWCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl hydrogen phosphite;phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)O.C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 UTTOHPVIMQHWCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFORZJQPTUSMRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropan-2-yl hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)OP(O)OC(C)C NFORZJQPTUSMRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethane Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])=O MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AJSTXXYNEIHPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl borate Chemical compound CCOB(OCC)OCC AJSTXXYNEIHPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTFAZNVGJUIWJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CP(C)(C)=S KTFAZNVGJUIWJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=S)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDCWDBMBZLORER-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl borate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OB(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 MDCWDBMBZLORER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(dodecylsulfanyl)phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSP(SCCCCCCCCCCCC)SCCCCCCCCCCCC JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、冷凍機、ヒートポンプなどにおいて使用され
る作動流体に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to working fluids used in refrigerators, heat pumps, etc.
従来技術とその問題点
従来、作動流体乃至冷媒としては、クロロフルオ口炭化
水素、フルオロ炭化水素、これらの共沸組成物並びにそ
の近辺の組成の組底物が知られている。これらは、フロ
ン又はフロン系冷媒と称されており、現在冷凍機用の作
動流体としてはトリクロロフルオロメタン（フロン−１
１）、ジクロロジフルオ口メタン（フロン−１２）など
が主に使用されている。しかしながら、近年、大気中に
放出された場合に、ある種のフロンが成層圏のオゾン層
を破壊し、その結果、人類を含む地球上の生態系に重大
な悪影響を及ぼすことが指摘されている。従って、オゾ
ン層破壊の可能性の高いフロンについては、国際的な取
り決めにより、使用及び生産が制限されるに至っている
。制限の対象となるフロンの一種に上記の様に汎用され
ているフロン−１１およびフロン−１２がある。冷凍・
空調設備の普及に伴い、需要が毎年増大しているフロン
の使用及び生産の制限は、居住環境をはじめとして、現
在の社会機構全般に与える影響が大きい。従って、オゾ
ン破壊問題を生じる危険性の無い或いはその危険性の低
い新たな冷媒の開発が緊急の課題となっている。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as working fluids or refrigerants, chlorofluorohydrocarbons, fluorohydrocarbons, azeotropic compositions thereof, and composite bottoms having compositions in the vicinity thereof have been known. These are called fluorocarbons or fluorocarbon-based refrigerants, and trichlorofluoromethane (fluorocarbon-1) is currently used as a working fluid for refrigerators.
1), dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon-12), etc. are mainly used. However, in recent years, it has been pointed out that certain types of fluorocarbons can destroy the ozone layer in the stratosphere when released into the atmosphere, resulting in serious adverse effects on the earth's ecosystem, including humans. Therefore, the use and production of fluorocarbons, which have a high possibility of depleting the ozone layer, has been restricted by international agreements. Types of fluorocarbons that are subject to restrictions include Freon-11 and Freon-12, which are commonly used as described above. frozen·
Restrictions on the use and production of fluorocarbons, the demand for which is increasing every year with the spread of air conditioning equipment, have a major impact on the current social structure as a whole, including the living environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new refrigerants that have no or low risk of causing ozone depletion problems.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明者は、大気中に放出された場合にもオゾン層に及
ぼす影響が小さいか或いは影響のない新たな冷媒を得る
べく、種々研究を重ねてきた。その結果、ＣＦ３ ３Ｆ
５が、その目的に合致する要件を具備していることを見
出した。また、ＣＦ３３Ｆ５がヒートポンプ用の作動流
体としても優れた性質を具備していることを併せて見出
した。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has conducted various studies in order to obtain a new refrigerant that has little or no effect on the ozone layer even when released into the atmosphere. As a result, CF3 3F
5 was found to meet the requirements for that purpose. We have also discovered that CF33F5 has excellent properties as a working fluid for heat pumps.
すなわち、本発明は、ＣＦ３８Ｆ５からなる作動流体に
係る。That is, the present invention relates to a working fluid made of CF38F5.
本発明で使用するＣＦ３８Ｆ５の主な物性は、以下の通
りである。The main physical properties of CF38F5 used in the present invention are as follows.
沸点 −１９．３°Ｃ
臨界温度 １０１．３℃
臨界圧力 ３ １． ０ｋｇ／ｃＪ ・ａ
分子量 １９６
本発明において、ＣＦ３ＳＦ，には、必要に応じ、安定
剤を併用することが出来る。即ち、過酷な使用条件下に
より高度の安定性が要求される場合には、プロピレンオ
キシド、１，２−プチレンオキシド、グリシドールなど
のエポキシド類；ジメチルホスファイト、ジイソプロビ
ルホスファイト、ジフェニルホスファイトなどのホスフ
ァイト類；トリラウリルトリチオフォスファイトなどの
チオホスファイト類；トリフエノキシホスフィンサルフ
ァイド、トリメチルホスフィンサルファイドなどのホス
フィンサルファイド類；ホウ酸、トリエチルボレート、
トリフエニルボレート、フエニルボロン酸、ジフエニル
ボロン酸などのホウ素化合物；２，６−ジーｔｅｒｔ●
ブチルパラクレゾールなどのフェノール類；ニトロメタ
ン、ニトロエタンなどのニトロアルカン類；アクリル酸
メチル、アクリル酸エチルなどのアクリル酸エステル類
；その他ジオキサン、ｔｅｒｔ◆ブタノール、ペンタエ
リスリトール、バライソプロペニルトルエン；などの安
定剤を作動流体重量の０．０１〜５％程度添加すること
ができる。Boiling point -19.3°C Critical temperature 101.3°C Critical pressure 3 1. 0kg/cJ・a
Molecular weight: 196 In the present invention, a stabilizer can be used in combination with CF3SF, if necessary. That is, when a high degree of stability is required under harsh usage conditions, epoxides such as propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, glycidol; dimethyl phosphite, diisopropylphosphite, diphenyl phosphite phosphites such as; thiophosphites such as trilauryltrithiophosphite; phosphine sulfides such as triphenoxyphosphine sulfide and trimethylphosphine sulfide; boric acid, triethylborate,
Boron compounds such as triphenylborate, phenylboronic acid, diphenylboronic acid; 2,6-di-tert●
Phenols such as butyl para-cresol; Nitroalkanes such as nitromethane and nitroethane; Acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; Other stabilizers such as dioxane, tert◆butanol, pentaerythritol, barisopropenyltoluene; can be added in an amount of about 0.01 to 5% of the weight of the working fluid.
また、ＣＦ３８Ｆ５重量の５０％までの範囲内で、ＣＦ
３ＳＦ，の沸点と±５０゜Ｃ以内の沸点を有する他の化
合物を混合することが出来る。この様な化合物としては
、フロン−２２．３２．１２４， １２５．１３４ａ
， １４２ｂ， １４３ａ， １５２ａなどのフ
ロン類；ペンタフルオロジメチルエーテルなどのエーテ
ル類；バーフルオロエチルアミンなどのアミン類などが
例示される。In addition, within the range of up to 50% of the weight of CF38F5, CF
Other compounds having a boiling point within ±50°C of the boiling point of 3SF, can be mixed. Such compounds include Freon-22.32.124, 125.134a
, 142b, 143a, and 152a; ethers such as pentafluorodimethyl ether; and amines such as perfluoroethylamine.
発明の効果
本発門で使用するＣＦ３８Ｆ，は、易分解性であり、オ
ゾン層に影響を与える塩素原子及び臭素原子を含まない
ので、オゾン層の破壊問題を生じる危険性はない。Effects of the Invention CF38F used in the present invention is easily decomposable and does not contain chlorine atoms and bromine atoms that affect the ozone layer, so there is no risk of causing the problem of ozone layer destruction.
また、ＣＦ３８Ｆ５は、高分子化合物に対する溶解性が
低いので、既存の冷凍機器などにおける材料変更などを
行うことなく、そのまま使用可能である。Further, since CF38F5 has low solubility in high molecular compounds, it can be used as is without changing the material in existing refrigeration equipment or the like.
さらに、ＣＦ３ ８Ｆ５は、熱安定性に優れ、不燃性な
ので、通常の冷凍機器などにおいて、やはりそのまま使
用可能である。Furthermore, CF3 8F5 has excellent thermal stability and is nonflammable, so it can be used as is in ordinary refrigeration equipment.
さらにまた、本発明のＣＦ３３Ｆ，は、冷媒としてだけ
ではなく、ヒートポンプなどの作動流体としでも有用で
ある。Furthermore, CF33F of the present invention is useful not only as a refrigerant but also as a working fluid for heat pumps and the like.
実施例
以下に実施例を示し、本発明の特徴とするところをより
一層明らかにする。EXAMPLES Examples will be shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.
実施例１
冷媒としてＣＦ３８Ｆ５を使用する１馬力の冷凍機にお
いて、凝縮器における冷媒の（Ｉ）凝縮温度［’Ｃ］お
よび（ＩＩ）蒸発温度［℃］を第１表に示す数値とし、
凝縮器過冷却度を０゜Ｃとして、運転を行った。Example 1 In a 1 horsepower refrigerator using CF38F5 as a refrigerant, (I) condensation temperature ['C] and (II) evaporation temperature [°C] of the refrigerant in the condenser are the values shown in Table 1,
The operation was carried out with the degree of supercooling of the condenser set to 0°C.
第１表に各条件下における（ＩＩＩ）蒸発圧力［ｋｇ／
ｃｏＹコ、（ＩＶ）凝縮圧力［ｋｇ／ｃＪ］、（Ｖ）冷
凍能力［ｋｃａｌ／ｒｎ３］および（ＶＩ）吐出ガス温
度を示す。Table 1 shows (III) evaporation pressure [kg/
coY, (IV) condensing pressure [kg/cJ], (V) refrigeration capacity [kcal/rn3], and (VI) discharge gas temperature.
比較例Ｉ
ＣＦ３８Ｆ，に代えてフロン−１１を使用する以外は実
施例１と同様にして、冷凍磯の運転を行なった。その結
果を第１表に併せて示す。Comparative Example I A frozen rock was operated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Freon-11 was used in place of CF38F. The results are also shown in Table 1.
実施例２
操作条件を一部変更する以外は実施例１と同様にして、
冷凍機の運転を行なった。その結果を第２表に示す。Example 2 Same as Example 1 except for changing some operating conditions,
Operated the refrigerator. The results are shown in Table 2.
比較例２
ＣＦ３８Ｆ５に代えてフロン−１１を使用する以外は実
施例２と同様にして、冷凍機の運転を行なった。その結
果を第２表に併せて示す。Comparative Example 2 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that Freon-11 was used instead of CF38F5. The results are also shown in Table 2.
第１表及び第２表に示す結果から、本発明の作動流体が
、従来の作動流体よりも優れた冷凍能力を発揮すること
が明らかである。From the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, it is clear that the working fluid of the present invention exhibits a better refrigerating ability than conventional working fluids.
（以 上）(that's all)
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1231887A JPH0393887A (en) | 1989-09-06 | 1989-09-06 | Working fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1231887A JPH0393887A (en) | 1989-09-06 | 1989-09-06 | Working fluid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0393887A true JPH0393887A (en) | 1991-04-18 |
Family
ID=16930589
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1231887A Pending JPH0393887A (en) | 1989-09-06 | 1989-09-06 | Working fluid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0393887A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5433880A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1995-07-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions which include a sulfur compound |
| US5733472A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-03-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and fluoropropane |
| US5762818A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-06-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethane and fluoroethane |
| CN107674649A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-09 | 焦景田 | A kind of working medium group for heat pump cycle |
-
1989
- 1989-09-06 JP JP1231887A patent/JPH0393887A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5733472A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-03-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and fluoropropane |
| US5762818A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-06-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethane and fluoroethane |
| US5433880A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1995-07-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions which include a sulfur compound |
| CN107674649A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-09 | 焦景田 | A kind of working medium group for heat pump cycle |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2792191B2 (en) | Coolant | |
| JP2847797B2 (en) | Working fluid | |
| JPH0585970A (en) | Refrigerant | |
| EP0770113A1 (en) | Refrigerant compositions | |
| JPH05140547A (en) | Refrigerant consisting of octafluorobutane | |
| JP2794818B2 (en) | Working fluid | |
| JPH0393888A (en) | working fluid | |
| JPH0393887A (en) | Working fluid | |
| EP0558763A1 (en) | Refrigerant and refrigerator | |
| JPH0393883A (en) | working fluid | |
| EP0598907B1 (en) | Azeotropic flouroalkane mixtures | |
| EP0770112A1 (en) | Refrigerant compositions | |
| JP2002226839A (en) | Refrigerant | |
| JP2795224B2 (en) | Coolant | |
| JPH0393882A (en) | Working fluid | |
| JP2863159B2 (en) | Coolant | |
| JPH0393881A (en) | Working fluid | |
| JPH0393884A (en) | working fluid | |
| JPH03258888A (en) | refrigerant | |
| JPH0393885A (en) | working fluid | |
| JP3026792B2 (en) | Working fluid | |
| EP0564653A1 (en) | Fluoroalkane mixture | |
| JPH0393886A (en) | working fluid | |
| JP2897388B2 (en) | Azeotropic or azeotropic composition | |
| JPH0578652A (en) | Coolant |