JPH0359220A - Steep slope embankment and earth retaining members used for it - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to an embankment formed by adding new earth and sand on existing ground, and an earth retaining member used therefor, particularly when the embankment has a steep slope. The present invention relates to a steep slope embankment that can realize a stable high embankment, and an earth retaining member used therein.

"Conventional technology" In conventional embankments, sandbags are piled up on the wall that supports the end of the embankment material that is heaped up on the existing ground, and the heaped up embankment material is compacted to a predetermined height. has been configured.

``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' However, in the conventional embankment, sandbags are used to support the end walls of the embankment, but conventionally all sandbags have been created manually at civil engineering sites. Not only was it time-consuming to create sandbags, but transporting and stacking them to the edge of the embankment was done manually, making it extremely inefficient and heavy labor.

In addition, in a structure where the embankment wall is supported by sandbags, from the viewpoint of construction accuracy and stability, the slope of the wall surface is determined by the three-division method (nori), that is, a slope that recedes by 0.3 meters as the height increases by 1 meter. It was not possible to create walls with even steeper slopes, which was an obstacle to making effective use of existing land.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to improve workability by supporting the embankment wall without using sandbags, and also to improve the steep slope of the wall, which could not be achieved with embankment using sandbags. The purpose of the present invention is to provide steep slope embankments and earth retaining members used therein.

"Means for Solving the Problem" Therefore, the invention according to the first claim of the present invention provides an earth retaining member having an abbreviated shape or a substantially U shape at the end forming the wall surface of the embankment. The earth retaining member is provided with a base part extending substantially horizontally and buried inside the embankment, and a rising part rising from the base part along the wall surface of the embankment, and furthermore, the earth retaining member has In addition, a geotextile which extends along the base and rising part of the earth retaining member and is folded back from the upper end of the rising part to the inside of the embankment so as to be buried inside the embankment as a whole is installed. The above problem is attempted to be solved by constructing a slope embankment.

Further, the invention according to the second claim is such that the earth retaining member disposed at the end forming the wall surface of the steep slope embankment according to the first claim is buried within the embankment so as to extend in a substantially horizontal direction. The structure is characterized by having a generally L-shape as a whole when viewed from the side, including a base that extends along the wall of the embankment, and a rising portion that rises from the end of the base along the wall surface of the embankment.

Furthermore, the invention according to the third claim similarly provides an earth retaining member disposed at the end forming the wall surface of the steep slope embankment according to the first claim, extending in a substantially horizontal direction and extending inside the embankment. The base to be buried and the rising parts that rise from both ends of this base along the wall of the embankment form an overall shape of approximately U when viewed from the side.
It is characterized by being shaped like a letter.

"Function" In the steep slope embankment of the present invention, an earth retaining member is provided, which has a base part buried inside the embankment and a rising part rising along the wall surface of the embankment. In addition to being able to maintain the shape of the wall surface, the earth retaining member allows the area of earth and sand to be heaped up during earth and sand heaving work to be regulated. That is, since the earth retaining member performs the function of a sandbag in a conventional embankment, a stable embankment can be realized without using sandbags.

In addition, in the steep slope embankment of this invention, the slope of the wall surface can be arbitrarily determined because the rising part of the earth retaining member has rigidity, and unlike the conventional embankment using sandbags, the slope slope can be set as desired. There is no restriction that the slope must be less than the third division method, and the slope at the end of the embankment can be constructed vertically.

Furthermore, in the steep slope embankment of the present invention, geotextile is embedded in the embankment by wrapping earth retaining members, and the strength and rigidity of the geotextile increases the rigidity of the entire embankment, effectively suppressing settlement, deformation, etc. It contributes to the stability of the embankment and has an excellent load dispersion effect, so it effectively suppresses the deformation of the embankment from this perspective as well.

``Embodiments'' Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a steep slope embankment according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and in these figures, what is indicated by the entire reference numeral 1 is an embankment constructed on an existing ground G.

In FIG. 1, a wall surface 2 which is the end of this embankment 1 is formed as a substantially vertical wall surface, and an earth retaining member 3 shown in FIG. A state in which embankment material 4 is laid in a compacted state behind this earth retaining member 3 is shown.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the earth retaining member 3 includes a base 5 extending in the horizontal direction of the embankment 1 and buried within the embankment 1, and a base 5 extending from one end of the base 5 to the embankment 1. The rising portion 6 rising along the wall surface 2 forms an oval shape in side view.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle formed by the base portion 5 and the rising portion 6 (angle α in FIG. 2) is approximately 90″.

However, this angle σ is determined by the slope of the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 that is required, and if the slope slopes backward as it goes upwards, such as in a crotch embankment, the angle σ becomes an acute angle and the upper end of the rising part 6 has a setback shape. Naturally, it is also possible to make the angle α an obtuse angle so that the upper end of the rising portion 6 overhangs. In this case, as shown in Fig. 3, it is possible to align the positions of the upper ends of the rising parts 6 and make the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 as a whole into an upright wall, or alternatively, it is possible to make the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 into an upright wall as shown in FIG. It is also possible to make the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 have a reverse slope by aligning the lower ends of the rising portions 6 of the earth retaining members 3. In addition, when the tips of the rising parts 6 are aligned as shown in Fig. 3, microscopically, the embankment 1
The wall surface will be serrated, but as quicksand, seeds of flying plants such as weeds, etc. are deposited on the platform 4a formed on the top of each earth retaining member 3, a wall surface 2 that is almost vertical will be obtained in the future. .

Further, the height of the rising portion 6 of the earth retaining member 3 is determined by a multiple of the height of the thickness of the layer of earth and sand that is rolled out and compacted, and is, for example, 15 to 75 cm.
The degree is appropriate. On the other hand, the length of the base 5 is arbitrary, but it is desirable to secure a length that allows the earth retaining member 3 to stand on its own without the embankment material 4. If it is shorter than this, the bottle 15 described later etc. It is necessary to temporarily fix it. In addition, the length of the base 5 should be longer than a certain level from the viewpoint of the friction force between the base 5 and the embankment material 4 to counteract the landslide caused by rolling compaction during construction of the embankment material 4. desirable.

The base portion 5 and the rising portion 6 of the earth retaining member 3 are integrally formed as shown in FIG. A part of the lattice member 7 made of plastic is bent at a substantially right angle, and a mesh member 8 finer than the lattice member 7 is attached to the bent rising portion to form the rising portion 6. is formed.

This lattice member 7 is made of a material and has a shape that is strong enough to withstand the lateral pressure of the embankment material by itself due to rolling pressure during construction. However, as long as this condition is satisfied, the shape and material of the lattice-like member 7 forming the earth retaining member 3 may be arbitrary. For example, the opening of the lattice-like member 7 may be formed into a polygon other than a quadrilateral, such as a triangle or a hexagon. Alternatively, the lattice-like member 7 may be made of a plastic rod-shaped body, or may be made of a metal mensch or punched metal subjected to anti-corrosion treatment.

Further, a claw portion 9 bent downward is formed at the rear end portion of the base portion 5 of the earth retaining member 3, as shown in FIG.
A claw portion 10 that bends forward is also formed at the upper end of the rising portion 6.

In addition, a seed-bearing sheet 1 is placed along the inner surface of the rising portion 6 of the earth retaining member 3 for the purpose of greening the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1.
1 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper end of the seed-bearing sheet 11 is fastened to the upper end of the rising part 6 by a fastener 12 or the like, or is hooked to a claw part 10 bent forward at the upper end of the rising part 6. By doing so,
It is attached to this rising portion 6. in this case,
In order to improve the growth of seeds, it is preferable that the embankment material 4 immediately behind the rising portion 6 of the retaining member 3 be made of high-quality soil suitable for growing plants. In this case, other well-known means for greening the wall surface 2 of the embankment l, such as arranging a mat with seeds on the inner or outer surface of the rising part 6,
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, a means such as providing a seeding window 13 in the rising portion 6 and arranging a bag with seeds, a seeding rope 14, etc. in this seeding window 13 can also be suitably applied.

As shown in Fig. 1, the earth retaining member 3 is fixed to the existing ground G or the embankment material 4 by driving a U pin 15 or an L pin toward the existing ground G or the embankment material 4 located below. is planned. The number of U-bins 15 and the locations where they are driven are arbitrary, but when the earth retaining member 3 is formed from the lattice-like member 7 as described above,
It is preferable to drive the U pin 15 so as to intersect the intersection.

Furthermore, a geotextile 16 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the earth retaining member 3, as shown in FIG. At the same time, the other end portion is also folded back horizontally toward the embankment side at the upper end of the rising portion 6 of the earth retaining member 3, extended substantially horizontally behind the embankment 1, and then buried in the embankment material 4.

Further, the claw portion 9 at the rear end of the base portion 5 of the earth retaining member 3 is engaged with the geotextile 16 to prevent horizontal movement of the geotextile 16 itself during construction and to position the geotextile 16 itself.

In this embodiment, the geotextile 16 is a so-called fiber grid made of a polymer material formed into a lattice shape.

Next, referring to FIGS. 5 to 8, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
A method for constructing embankment 1, which is an example, will be explained.

■Arrangement of earth retaining members As shown in Fig. 5, a fiber grid 16 is laid on the upper surface of the existing ground G where the embankment 1 is to be created, spanning the part that will become the wall surface 2, and on top of this fiber grid 16. The retaining member 3 is disposed at a position where the rising portion 6 thereof becomes the wall surface 2 of the embankment l, and a U pin 15 is driven into the earth retaining member 3.

Since this installation work is extremely simple, it is difficult for bulldozer operators or guiders (described later) to carry out the work in between leveling the number of embankments, that is, during or after rain when the work of leveling the embankment cannot be done. Often, heavy labor is not required to sandbag the walls.

After the earth retaining member 3 has been fixed to the ground G, the earth retaining member 3
Lifting one end of the fiber grid 16 extending forward and bending it along the rising portion 6,
The fiber grid 16 is hooked onto a claw part 10 at the upper end of the rising part 6 to facilitate the winding operation of the fiber grid 16, which will be described later.

Note that the work of fixing the seed-bearing sheet 11 to the earth retaining member 3 described above may be performed in advance before fixing the earth retaining member 3 to the ground G, or may be performed after fixing to the ground G.

■Pulling up embankment material As shown in Figure 6, embankment material 4 is piled up behind the earth retaining member 3, and this embankment material 4 is filled up above the base 5 and inside the rising part 6 of the earth retaining member 3 to a predetermined height. Liven up the. Regarding the heaping height of this embankment material 4, it is preferable that the upper end thereof is slightly higher than the upper end of the rising part 6 of the earth retaining member 3 after compaction.
There is no risk of the earth retaining members 3 coming into contact with each other as a result of being rolled, resulting in incomplete compaction of the embankment material.

In addition, well-known and commonly used means are used for leveling the embankment material 4. For example, a small mound of embankment material 4 carried by a dump truck is created behind the earth retaining member 3, and this is placed on the earth retaining member 3 using a bulldozer or the like. The embankment material 4 can be leveled by cutting down the embankment material 4 directly from the ground near the embankment construction site using a heavy machine for leveling excavation such as a bulldozer. Examples of methods include:

(3) Compacting of embankment material As shown in FIG. 7, the fiber grid 16 hooked to the upper end of the rising part 6 is folded back at the upper end of the rising part 6 and laid on the embankment material 4. moreover,
In this state, the embankment material 4 is rolled to a predetermined height by applying rolling pressure to the embankment material 4 using a rolling machine such as a vibrating roller.

In addition, in this example, a fiber grid 16 is used as the geotextile, and this fiber grid 16
Since the continuous fibers are crossed in a lattice pattern and covered and protected with plastic, the continuous fibers inside the fiber-clid 16 will not be broken even if rolled by a vibrating roller or the like.

Therefore, fold back the fiber grid 16.

It is also possible to apply rolling pressure from above this fiber grid 16 in this state.

(2) Stacking earth retaining members As shown in FIG. 8, the fiber grid 16 is laid on the embankment material 4 that has been compacted in the same process as step (2) above, and the earth retaining members 3 are piled up. After that, repeat the steps ① to ② to create embankment 1 as shown in Figure 1.

Therefore, in the embankment 1 configured as described above, the earth retaining member 3 having the base part 5 buried therein and the rising part 6 rising along the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 is disposed, so that the embankment The shape of the wall surface 2 can be maintained against the lateral pressure of the material 4, and the heaping range of the embankment material 4 can be regulated by the earth retaining member 3 during heaping work of the embankment material 4. That is, since the earth retaining member 3 functions as a sandbag in a conventional embankment, a stable embankment 1 structure can be realized without using sandbags.

Moreover, unlike conventional sandbags, the earth retaining member 3 can be mass-produced in a factory or the like, and by appropriately selecting the material for forming the member 3, it can be dramatically reduced in weight compared to sandbags. By omitting the work of creating sandbags and eliminating heavy labor such as transportation and stacking, it is possible to save labor and improve workability.

In addition, with the conventional structure in which the walls of the embankment are supported by sandbags, it is impossible to achieve a high embankment with a steep slope of 3 or more as described above, due to the accuracy and stability of sandbag stacking. However, in the embankment 1 of this embodiment, the inclination of the wall surface 2 can be determined arbitrarily because the rising part 6 of the earth retaining member 3 has rigidity, and it can be constructed on the slope of the wall surface like a conventional embankment using sandbags. Since there is no above restriction, it is possible to realize a steeply sloped embankment l that could not be achieved with an embankment using sandbags, and even an upright wall-shaped embankment 1 as shown in FIG. 1 can be realized.

Furthermore, in the embankment 1 of this embodiment, the earth retaining member 3 is wrapped around the fiber grid (geotextile) 16.
This fiber grid 16 is buried in the
As mentioned above, since it is a high-strength, high-rigidity material, the rigidity of the entire embankment 1 is high, and subsidence, deformation, etc. are effectively suppressed, contributing to the stability of the embankment 1, and it has an excellent load dispersion effect. Therefore, deformation of the embankment 1 is effectively suppressed from this aspect as well.

Furthermore, since rolling pressure is applied to the embankment material 4 in a state in which the seven-eye bar grid 16 is involved, the state of rolling pressure of the embankment material 4 is maintained at a high level.

Therefore, in combination with the action of the earth retaining member 3 described above, it becomes possible to realize a steeply sloped embankment and a high embankment.

"Other Embodiments" The details of the steep slope embankment of the present invention and the earth retaining member used therein are not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible. Other embodiments of the invention will be described below.

9 to 10 are diagrams showing the structure of an embankment according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The difference between the structure of the embankment 1 of this embodiment and the structure of the embankment of the first embodiment lies in the shape of the retaining member 3 disposed on the wall surface 2.

That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the earth retaining member 3 includes a base 5 that extends substantially horizontally in the embankment l and is buried within the embankment 1, and a pair that rises substantially perpendicularly from both ends of the base 5. The rising portion 6.6 forms a substantially U-shape in side view. Specifically, the rising portion 6 is provided with frames 30, . . . made of plastic or the like, which are arranged in series. . . . similarly has a structure in which a mesh member 31 made of plastic or the like is stretched, while the base portion 5 has a structure in which only the frame body 30 among these members is provided. The base 5 therefore has a relatively large opening.

The shape and material of the frame 30 and mesh member 31 are as follows:
Like the lattice member 7 and mesh member 8 constituting the earth retaining member 3 of the first embodiment, it is optional, and well-known materials such as metal and high-strength fiber-reinforced rods can be suitably used. The material and shape of the frame 30 are selected so that it alone has enough strength to withstand the lateral pressure of the embankment material during construction.

The method for reserving the embankment 1 is the same as the method shown in the first embodiment, but since the retaining member 3 is formed in a U-shape, the embankment material 4 is placed inside the retaining member 3. Therefore, it is also possible to use a method in which two portions of the wall surface of the embankment l are first removed, and the embankment material 4 is leveled toward the two portions of the wall surface, as in the conventional construction method using sandbags. In addition, it is also possible to use only the embankment material 4 placed inside this earth retaining member 3 as an embankment material with properties different from the earth and sand piled up behind it, for example, the inside of the earth retaining member 3 is made of a reinforcing filler such as soil cement. By doing so, the stability of the wall surface 2 of the embankment I can be further improved, and if soil for vegetation is added, it becomes suitable for constructing greening work on the wall surface.

Therefore, this embodiment also provides the same effects as the first embodiment.

Next, other embodiments of the retaining section will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13.

The earth retaining member 3 shown in FIG. 11 has a base portion 5 and a rising portion 6.
Both are earth retaining members 3 formed of plates and having a cross-shaped shape when viewed from the side. The material for forming this plate is arbitrary, and well-known materials such as metal and plastic can be suitably used. however,
As mentioned above, the earth retaining member 3 needs to be formed of a shape and material that can withstand the lateral pressure from the embankment material 4. Further, a seed-bearing sheet 11 or a seed-bearing mat provided for greening the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 is attached to the inner surface of the rising portion 6. In this case, it is preferable that a large number of through holes 44, . Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a convex portion 42 on the lower surface of the base 5 to prevent slippage, or to form a reinforcing rib 43.

Next, the earth retaining member 3 shown in FIG. 12 has a structure in which a stiffening member 40 made of metal, plastic, etc. is formed into a cross-shaped shape when viewed from the side, and a base portion 5 and a rising portion 6 are formed. A fiber grid 16 is wound along the inner surface of the earth retaining member 3, and this fiber grid 16
And the earth retaining member 3 is intended to counter the lateral pressure during construction of the embankment material 4. Therefore, in this embodiment, the fiber grid 16 has a fine mesh structure at least in the portion that contacts the wall surface portion in order to prevent the embankment material 4 from flowing out. In this case, a structure in which a fine mesh material 8 is attached to the inner surface of a coarse 7-eye bar grid 16 may be used. Furthermore, in the illustrated example, the stiffener 40 is formed into a so-called 7-oak shape to integrate a plurality of stiffeners, thereby improving the efficiency of the pulling operation when the stiffener 40 is repurposed. .

In this way, the fiber grid 16 is not only wound around the outer periphery of the earth retaining member 3 as in the eleventh second embodiment, but may also be wound around the inner periphery of the earth retaining member 3. By wrapping the earth retaining member 3 after the embankment 1 is created, it becomes possible to use it for creating another embankment 1 by pulling out only the retaining member 3.

Needless to say, it may be designed to remain installed without being pulled out. In addition, if the strength is insufficient with only the stiffener 40, as shown in FIG.
．． 41 may be used. Incidentally, in the illustrated example, the plate-like body 4 at the base 5
1 is configured to taper toward the rear end so that the stiffener 40 can be easily pulled out.

In the above example, the fiber grid 16 was used as the geotextile, but the embankment structure of the present invention is not limited to this, and well-known and commonly used geotextiles such as polymer grid, geonet, geofabric, etc. can be suitably applied. It is.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, an earth retaining member is provided at the end portion forming the wall surface of the embankment, and this earth retaining member is extended substantially horizontally inside the embankment. and a rising portion rising from the base along the wall surface of the embankment; In addition, by folding back inward from the upper end of this rising part, the embankment as a whole constitutes a steeply sloped embankment with geotextiles buried inside the embankment. Since it functions as a sandbag, it is possible to create a stable embankment without using sandbags. Moreover, unlike conventional sandbags, earth retaining members can be mass-produced in factories, etc., and can be dramatically reduced in weight by selecting appropriate materials for forming the members, eliminating the need for on-site sandbag making work and transportation.・Workability can be improved by simplifying stacking work.

In addition, with the conventional structure in which the walls of the embankment are supported by sandbags, from the standpoint of stability of stacking sandbags, etc., as mentioned above, it was impossible to create embankments with slopes as steep as three or more. In the structure of the embankment of this invention, the inclination of the wall surface can be arbitrarily determined because the rising part of the earth retaining member has rigidity, and unlike the conventional embankment using sandbags, the inclination of the wall surface can be determined arbitrarily. Since there are no restrictions, it is possible to create high embankments with steep slopes that could not be achieved with embankments using sandbags.

Furthermore, in the steep slope embankment of the present invention, since the earth retaining member is wrapped around the geotextile and buried within the embankment, the strength and rigidity of the geotextile improves the stability of the wall surface, which increases the rigidity of the entire embankment. Subsidence, deformation, etc. are effectively suppressed, contributing to the stability of the embankment, and
Since it has an excellent load dispersion effect, it also effectively suppresses deformation of the embankment wall and contributes to the effective use of land.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams showing a steep slope embankment according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a sectional view showing its overall configuration, and Figure 2 shows only the earth retaining member taken out. Figure 83 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the embankment wall structure;
The figures are perspective views showing other examples of earth retaining members, Figures 5 to 8.
The figure is a process diagram for explaining a method for preparing a steeply sloped embankment, which is the first embodiment of this invention, and Figures 9 and 10 are diagrams showing a steeply sloped embankment, which is the second embodiment of this invention. FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the overall structure, FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing only the earth retaining member, and FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another example of the earth retaining member. 1... Embankment, 2... Wall surface, 3...
... Earth retaining member, 4... Embankment material, 5.
...Base, 6...Rising part,
16...Fiber grid (geotextile).

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An earth retaining member comprising, at an end portion forming a wall surface of the embankment, a base portion extending substantially horizontally and buried within the embankment, and a rising portion rising from the base portion along the wall surface of the embankment. is arranged, and at the end of the embankment,
Extending along the base and rising portion of the earth retaining member,
and a steeply sloped embankment in which geotextile is folded back inward from the upper end of the rising portion to be buried inside the embankment as a whole. (2) An earth retaining member disposed at the end forming the wall surface of the embankment. An earth retaining member for use in a steep slope embankment, characterized in that the entire structure has a substantially L-shape in side view, including a rising portion rising along a wall surface. (3) An earth retaining member disposed at the end forming the wall surface of the embankment. An earth retaining member for use in a steep slope embankment, characterized in that the entire structure is formed into a substantially U-shape when viewed from the side, including a rising portion that rises along a wall surface.