JPH0322845A - Dc motor equipped with magnet rotor used for magnetic bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify constitution and reduce cost by a method wherein a driving torque is obtained by only magnetic repulsive force between the magnetic poles of N-poles and S-poles, projected from a magnet rotor, and other magnetic poles, provided on a stator. CONSTITUTION:When four sets of magnetic poles 16d, 16h,... are excited so as to have polarities shown in a diagram by the conduction of an armature coil, a magnet rotor 1 generates a driving torque in the direction of an arrow sign A in the diagram due to magnetic repulsive forces while radial magnetic repulsive forces are equilibrated and the magnet rotor 1 is levitated and rotated. When the rotor 1 is turned by 45 deg., four sets of magnetic poles 16a, 16e,... are excited so as to have polarities shown in the diagram and, therefore, levitating effect due to the driving of the magnet rotor 1 in the arrow sign direction and the equibrium of repulsive forces in radial direction is generated by the magnetic repulsive force. When the rotor is turned by 90 deg., the magnetic rotor 1 is levitated and driven into the direction of arrow sign A by the excitation of four sets of magnetic poles 16b, 16f,.... When the rotor is turned by further 90 deg., the magnetic rotor 1 is levitated and driven into the same direction by the excitation of four sets of magnetic poles 16c, 16g,.... The rotor may be turned as a 2-phase repulsive type motor by such exciting cycles.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] Since there are no bearings, wear parts are eliminated.

Therefore, by using a plasticless electric motor, a long service life and high speed rotation can be obtained.

For the above reasons, it can be used as a drive source for fan motors and pumps.

Furthermore, since no lubricating oil is required, it can be used as a drive source for various parts in a clean room.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art A magnetic bearing is known in which electromagnets arranged in the X and Y directions are provided at both ends of a rotating shaft, and the magnetic attraction force of the electromagnets is controlled by the output k of a position sensor to hold the rotating shaft at a predetermined position.

[Problems to be solved by the present invention] Problem I The conventional technology described above has the problem that each of the base air bearing devices at both ends of the rotating shaft is larger than the motor itself and is expensive. .

Regarding the second issue, general plasticless motors (semiconductor motors).
There are problems with the service life of the bearing and the noise it generates.If the rotation speed exceeds 20,000 revolutions per minute, the service life will be significantly reduced.

[Means to solve the problem]

The following means is employed in a semiconductor motor having a multi-phase elongated magnet rotor (in this specification, a motor whose length in the rotational axis direction is larger than its diameter is referred to as an elongated type) magnet rotor.

The first means is protruded from the outer circumferential surface of the magneto rotor and has an electrical angle of 180
A plurality of N and S magnetic poles are spaced apart from each other only by the middle of the magnetic poles, and are arranged so that adjacent magnetic poles are different in polarity.
, facing the S magnetic pole through an air gap, and the outer circumferential portion: l?: the first protruding from the fixed armature;
The magnetic poles of the second, . . . phases and the first . . . armature coils of the second, ... phase, and the first, second, ... phase armature coils;
The magnetic pole width of each of the phases is 180 degrees in electrical angle, and there are l sets of φ magnetic poles, which are arranged on a fixed armature at a distance of θ degrees in mechanical angle! Magnet rotor N
, the positions of the S magnetic poles are detected, and the first
, second, ... as well as the first position detection signal of the second series.
．． The magnetic cores of the second and second series, and the first and second cores of the seventh and second series
, the first, second, corresponding to the width of the position detection signal of the phase of...
energize the armature coil of phase N.
The B pole is excited and the magnet rotor's N. The energization control circuit that drives the S@ pole only by repulsive force to generate driving torque in one direction, the energization control circuit that generates directional driving torque, and the armature coils of the seven phases were de-energized. In some cases, a means for rapidly extinguishing the magnetic energy accumulated in the armature coil and accelerating the accumulation of magnetic energy in the armature coil to be energized next, and a means for suppressing the movement of the magnet rotor in the rotational axis direction. When the magnetic poles are alternately excited to N and S poles as the magnet rotor rotates by energizing the seven phase armature coils, the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor are Means comprising an electric circuit for energizing an armature coil that excites and holds magnetic poles so as to cancel the magnetic attraction force caused by the magnetic poles.

The second means is protruded from the outer peripheral surface at the l end of the magnet rotor,
A plurality of N magnetic poles with a width of /♂θ degree in electrical angle and spaced apart from each other by the magnetic pole width, and a magnetic rotor protruding from the outer peripheral surface at the other end of the magnet rotor and having a width of 180 degrees in electrical angle. in,
The S magnetic pole is spaced apart from each other by the width of the magnetic pole and is arranged to be in phase with the N magnetic pole, and the two magnetic pole surfaces face the N and S magnetic pole surfaces at both ends of the magnet rotor with no gap in between, and are wound. The width of the λ magnetic poles in the configuration is /J'θ degrees in electrical angle, and the magnetic cores are q pieces l sets , a means fixedly disposed on the outer stator side with a mechanical angle of qO degrees apart from each other, and a means for detecting the position of the N magnetic pole or the S magnetic pole of the magnet rotor. The armature coil wound around the magnetic core of the 1st, 2nd, . . . phases corresponding to the width of the position detection signal of the 7th, 1st, . . . phases is energized. The energization control circuit excites the corresponding N and S magnetic poles and drives the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor only by repulsive force to generate the N and S magnetic poles of the rotor, and the armature coils of seven phases. means for rapidly dissipating the stored magnetic energy in the armature coil when the current flow M1 is cut off, and for rapidly storing the magnetic energy in the armature coil to be energized next; 1. Means for inhibiting the movement of the rotor in the direction of the rotation axis; and 2. Means for generating a predetermined magnetic flux in the same direction during the above-mentioned period when the armature coil is not energized to cancel the magnetic attraction force due to the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor. and an electric circuit for exciting and holding two magnetic poles of a magnetic core.

[Effect]

The driving torque is obtained only by the magnetic repulsion between the protruding 7jN, S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor and the magnetic poles provided on the stator side (around which the armature coil is wound).

Furthermore, the magnetic poles of the armature coil of one phase are wound in sets of φ pieces, and each set is fixed to the stator side at a distance of 90 degrees in terms of mechanical angle.

Therefore, the magnetic repulsion force in the radial direction always operates in balance in the X and Y directions, so that the magnetic rotor floats and performs an action similar to that of a magnetic bearing.

At this time, the movement of the magnet rotor between the rotational axes is as follows:
It is suppressed by the magnetic repulsion of a separate magnet.

The magnetic poles that are not energized to generate driving torque are
The force attracted by the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor is
Since the magnetic poles are the same as the N and S magnetic poles and are excited to the extent that the attractive force disappears, the magnetic attractive force due to induction becomes almost red, which has the effect of perfecting the magnetic levitation of the magnet rotor. . When the power is turned on, the N and S of the magnet rotor are
When the magnetic poles are attracted to the magnetic poles on the stator side and the magnetic poles reach ℃°C, the magnetic rotor has the effect of making it easier to levitate and start up the rotor.

The above-described effects solve the first and second problems.

〔Example〕

With reference to FIG. 1 and subsequent figures, embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention will be described.

Components with the same symbol in the drawings indicate the same component, so
Duplicate explanations will be omitted. All angles shown below are in electrical angles. FIG. 1(a) is a sectional view of a two-phase electric motor.

The symbol / is a magnetic rotor, which is elongated and ◆ Symbol V is a rotation axis provided at the center of rotation.

The outer periphery of the magnet rotor l has a protruding N pole/a
, /b, /c, - and a prominent S magnetic pole. 2
a. ,2b,. 2c, . . . are provided.

A fixed armature /6 is press-fitted into the inside of the cylindrical outer casing, and the protruding magnetic poles /4a. /&b. ... will be established. Each inkstone pole has an armature coil/7a. /7b,
...is wrapped.

Armature/6. Magnetic pole /Aa, /&b. ... is made by a well-known method of laminating and solidifying silicon steel plates.

A developed view of FIG. 1(a) is shown in FIG. v(a).

In Fig. ←(a), N, S magnetic poles/a. Ja. /b,
The width of ... is igo degrees and they are 180 degrees apart from each other.

Magnetic pole/Aa. The width of /6b, . . . is also 180 degrees, and they are arranged at equal pitches on the circumferential surface. There are two sets of magnetic poles and armature coils of the l-th phase, one of which is magnetic pole/6a. /Ae,/
41, /Am, and the armature coil /7a, /ku e.
...is wrapped.

The other / are magnetic poles /6c, //sg, , /Ak
, /Ao, and the armature coil /7c, /7g,
...is wrapped.

There are also two sets of second phase magnetic poles and armature coils, which are magnetic poles /6b, /Af, /Aj, /An, armature coils wound around these, and magnetic poles /Ad, /An. Ah
．． /41, /Ap and the armature coil wound around these.

The magnetic poles described above are arranged at equal pitches, and each set of five poles is spaced apart from each other by 90 degrees in mechanical angle.

By energizing the armature coil, magnetic poles /4d, /Ah,
...When the stretch group is excited to the polarity shown, the magnet rotor generates driving torque in the eight directions of the arrows due to magnetic repulsion, and the magnetic repulsion in the radial direction (XY direction) is balanced. The magnetic rotor floats and rotates.

When it rotates 5 degrees, the magnetic poles /Aa, /be, ...← are excited to the polarity shown in the figure, so the magnetic repulsion drives the magnet rotor l in the arrow direction and the repulsion in the radial direction. A floating effect occurs due to equilibrium.

When rotated 9θ degrees, due to the excitation of q pairs of a poles /Ab, /Af, ..., when rotated further 90 degrees, magnetic poles /6c, /A
By excitation of the groups g, .

This excitation cycle causes the motor to rotate as a two-phase repulsive motor.

Magnetic pole/6a. When /lse, /61, /Am are excited and a driving torque is generated, the other non-excited magnetic poles are attracted by the N and E3 magnetic poles of the opposing magnet rotor, and the torque in the opposite direction is canceled. However, the radial attraction force has the disadvantage of reducing the magnetic levitation force.

Therefore, it is necessary to excite the magnetic rotor to the same polarity as the opposing magnetic rotor to cancel the magnetic attraction force. Details of such excitation means will be described later.

Next, energization control of each excitation coil based on the position detection signal will be explained.

No.! In figure (a), Hall elements /4a, /4 (b are the magnetic poles /a, .2a, ·
The output is obtained in opposition to... Hall element/#a, /Il. DC power supply/S-mari power supplied. b is the magnetic pole/
a, /b. /c,... (N pole), its output is the operational amplifier J? An amplified rectangular wave output is obtained at a and 2c b, and this electrical signal is shown as a curve 110a.・・・． Curve 4 (/a,...
It is shown as closed. These electrical signals are input to the electrical circuit 29 shown in FIG. No.! The Hall elements /</a, /4b in Figure (a) are fixed on the fixed armature side so that the output signals have a phase difference of qO degrees, as shown in Fig. ψ f&).

Hall elements /4fa and /Qb are magnetic poles. 2 a, . 2
b, -. (S pole), its output is the operational amplifier J7C. Amplify the width with Jkud and make it a square wave, as shown in Fig. 7f.
The curve IIOa, . . . in a) becomes the curve ←/a .

These output signals are generated by electrical circuits. It is input in 2q.

Electric circuit code terminal 9 a + 29 b + 29
C + -29 (The output signals of l are curves tI2a, 4IJb..., curve da3a in FIG. 7(a), respectively)
, da3b. ..., curve tIda a. Item b,... song i/
Ija, +. tb , -... For example, the curve θa. 4lOa,... and curves tI/a, tI/a,
The electrical signal obtained by passing the electrical signal of ... through the AND circuit becomes the curve #Ja, 4(3b, . . . ).

Position detection signal and curve 4'2a + 4'-2b
The electrical signals of e... and the three systems below are continuous with each other with a width of 90 degrees as shown.

The armature coil energization control means based on the above-mentioned position detection signal will be described later.

The position detection signal shown in the time chart of FIG. 7(b) can also be obtained from the electric circuit 2q.

No.! Terminal in figure (a). The input signal of 2Jra is used as one input of the AND circuit, and terminal 2b and terminal . If the outputs of iJd are summed up by an OR circuit, and the inverted output is used as the other seven inputs, the outputs of the AND circuit will be the curves 62a. ..., and the next electrical signal is separated by 720 degrees with a width of qo degrees, so it is not shown.

Terminal. If the input signal of 2ffa is one input of the AND circuit, and the input signal of the terminal Ha is the other input, the output signal of the AND circuit will be the curve 63a of FIG. 7(1,).
...becomes...

By similar means, curve 6ψa.・・・． Curve 6! a.
... can be obtained.

Terminal J? a. 29o, 29c, :29d, the above-mentioned curve 62a. AJa, 444a,
A position detection signal of &ja is output.

The input signal of the terminal xgb is used as one input of the AND circuit,
Terminal. If the input signals of 2gC and 2g6 are input to the OR circuit, and the inverted output signals are used as the other seven inputs of the AND circuit, the output signals will be the curves 62a, . . . in FIG. 7(b). bawl. This is the terminal 29 in Figure s (a).
It is output from a.

By similar means, terminal 9b. Kota c,. From 2ta d, the curve wa in Fig. 7(b);,... Curved stone dance...
, the curve Aja, . . . can be obtained.

The energization control of the armature coil based on the above-mentioned position detection signal will now be explained with reference to FIG. 6(a).

Armature coil K is armature coil/? a, /7e
,/? i,/7m connected in series or in parallel, and is the l-th phase armature coil.

Armature coil L is armature coil /71), /7f
,...are connected in series or in parallel,
This is the second phase armature coil.

Armature coils M and N are armature coils/? c.
, /7g, ... and armature coil /Ad, /l,h
,... are connected in series or in parallel. 1st each. The armature coil of the second phase, symbol /j
f, /jg are reference voltages, and the latter is highlighted as a higher voltage.

For terminal 3 a, the curve A3a in Figure 7 (bl, 44<
a, 6! a is input. Terminal,? 7b, curve 4
Ja is input. These input signals are shown in Figure s (
It is obtained from the required output terminals of the electric circuit 29 in a).

resistance? 4.33, there is a voltage drop proportional to the armature current, and this voltage is rectified by the absolute value circuits 3Qc and 3d, and becomes an input signal to one terminal of the operational amplifier j4 (b, ?Fa). There is.

When the input voltage of the ten terminal of the operational amplifier 34Ia is held at the set value, when the armature voltage is small, the output of the operational amplifier jQa becomes high level, and the transistor ? Yua,? Jd becomes conductive, and the armature coil K is energized to the right. When the conducting current increases and the input voltage at one terminal of the operational amplifier jla exceeds that at the tenth terminal, the output becomes low level and the transistors 32a and 3d become non-conductive.
The stored magnetic energy of the armature coil K is transferred to the diode 33.
c. Power terminal /3a, /5b, resistor 33, diode 3
3b. Transistor J! ;a, 3!
;B conduction control is through terminal 3ta. ．． ? ? This is done using the input signal of 1). When the discharge current drops, the operational amplifier. Due to the hysteresis characteristics of 7&a, the operational amplifier, ? The output of 4ia changes to high level again and the armature current increases.

Since the chopper circuit repeats such cycles, the armature current value is regulated in accordance with the input voltage at the terminal of the operational amplifier 311a. By terminal ≧ ■ reference voltage, Fig. 7 f
In curve b), the armature current with the highest value of al=Aa flows, and the qth
The magnetic pole /a in Figure (a) is rotated by 90 degrees under the repulsion of the magnetic pole /Aa magnetized to the north pole.

Similarly, the magnetic poles facing the magnetic poles /Ae, /Ai, /Am are also rotated by 90 degrees due to the repulsive force. Also, before and after that,
The armature current regulated by the reference voltage of terminal /Sf (the current in the section whose width is qo degrees and l♂θ degrees, indicated by symbols 7θa and 7 (7b) in Fig. 7(b)) is energized by the armature coil K. As mentioned above, the induced magnetic attraction force due to the magnet rotor's magnetism and poles must be canceled out.

Therefore, magnetic levitation is improved.

The output of terminal 2qa of Fig. 2 (al) is input to the terminal 2qa of Fig.
The output of qb is input to terminal 3ga.

The symbol /j h is the reference voltage of the same voltage as the terminal /yog. ? Ja. ．． ? Jd. It is configured together with an absolute value circuit 311c. The conduction of transistors 3Aa and JAb is controlled by terminals Jga. ．． This is done using an Hb input signal.

Therefore, the armature current becomes the curve shown in Fig. 7(b), and when the magnet rotor l rotates 340 degrees, the direction of the armature current is reversed and the excitation polarity of the magnetic poles /4a, /Ae,... By reversing the magnetic repulsion, a driving torque in the same direction can be obtained. In the sections before and after the magnetic poles are excited, the effect of improving magnetic levitation is similar to the case described above. , J91), .
79 (!), an energization control circuit that is exactly the same as that of the armature coil K is configured. Therefore, the position detection signal
Current control with the same effect is performed.

Curves IP7a and 47a in FIG. 7(b) indicate the current flowing through the armature coil L in the opposite direction.

Power terminal/! ra. ．． When the voltage of /jb is increased, the magnetic energy accumulated in the armature coil is returned to the power supply by the diodes JJa, 3:Ib, . . . and disappears rapidly, and the accumulation of magnetic energy also becomes rapid.

Therefore, there is no occurrence of counter torque or reduced torque, and there is an effect that high speed (tens of thousands of revolutions per minute) can be achieved.

In addition, although the positive torque generation section is at 0 degrees, the pole element/lIa is designed so that only the 90 degrees in the center are energized.
, /&b are adjusted, resulting in high efficiency.

FIG. 3(a) shows the configuration of the embodiment described above. In FIG. 3(a), the symbol / indicates the magnet rotor of FIG. 1(a), but the magnetic poles th,
2a,/b. ... is omitted from the illustration (・.

A fixed armature/6 is fixed to the outer circumference of the magnet rotor l by an outer casing 7.

Magnetic poles of armature l6 (magnetic poles /4a, /6b in Fig. 1(a)
,...) and the armature coil are omitted, and the cross-sectional view is shown in °C.

Axis of rotation! A load B, such as a fan, is fixed to the right end. Disc-shaped magnets /qa, /9b are fixed to both sides of the magnet rotor /, and through a gap between them,
Disc-shaped magnet //a. 7lb is the side plate/. 3a.
/Jb is fixed.

Magnet} ii a and /9a are magnetized in the axial direction with opposing surfaces having the same polarity so as to repel each other. Axis of rotation! Insert through the central circular holes of magnets //a and //b. Magnet 7lb and /8' have the same structure,
They are designed to repel each other.

Therefore, the magnet rotor is prevented from escaping from side to side.

Axis of rotation! A magnet rotor/2 is fixed to the magnet rotor/2, and a magnet rotor/N.2 having the same structure as the magnet rotor/2 shown in FIG. An S magnetic pole is provided. Opposing the N and S magnetic poles are Hall elements/IIa, zo, b (dotted line/2
It is stored in the area indicated by the mountain. ) is fixed to the side plate i3bK.

Therefore, the Hall element/<za. By controlling the energization of the armature coil shown in FIG. 6(a) using the position detection signal obtained from /4b, the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor l are
It rotates while maintaining the magnetic pole of armature/6 and the set air gap,
Co-phase DC motor.

Since the bearing is removed, the magnet rotor l generates driving torque and also functions as a magnetic bearing. For this reason, it is necessary to use an elongated magnetic rotor.

At the time of startup, the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor/ are attracted to the magnetic poles of the armature/6, and since this attraction force is large, it may fail to magnetically levitate the magnet rotor/ at the time of startup.

In order to eliminate this inconvenience, it is recommended to adopt the following means.

Axis of rotation! The side plate /. The diameter of the circular hole 3a, /3b is the axis of rotation! By making the comb about 0.2 mm thicker than the diameter of the armature, it is possible to prevent the magnet rotor from being attached to the magnetic pole of the armature when the armature is stopped.

The air gap length between the magnetic poles of magnet rotor/ and armature/t is/
If it is millimeters and one tor, the gap length of the transparent part is 0.
．． 7 mm, and since the magnetic attraction force does not become large, the repulsive force in the radial direction at the time of startup is greater, and the magnet rotor l can float and rotate.

The measures according to the invention can also be applied to three-phase electric motors.

Next, I will explain it.

The structure is the same as that in FIG. 7(a), but the armature and magnet rotor are different. The configuration is changed as shown in the developed view of FIG. V(b).

In Fig. ψ (1)), the configuration of the magnet rotor / is exactly the same as in Fig. V (a).
The configurations of the 6 magnetic poles /6a, /4b, . . . are different.

The magnet rotor l is rotated 30 degrees from the position shown by arrow A.
When the wound armature coil starts to be energized when it rotates in the direction 1,..., the magnetic poles /4a, /bd. /Ag,
/6j is magnetized to the polarity shown, and the opposing magnetic poles /a,
It repulses C, . . . and rotates in the direction of A. /2
When the rotation is 1-0 degrees, the current supply as described above is stopped, and the magnetic poles /AC, /l,f . /Ai. When the armature coil wound with /B is energized to the polarity shown in the figure, the opposing magnetic poles ub, /e, · are repelled and rotate in the eight directions indicated by the arrows.

7. Stop energizing when it rotates 20 degrees, and magnetic pole /6b,
When /48, /Ah, /Ak are excited to the illustrated polarity by energizing the armature coil wound around them, they repel the opposing magnetic poles 2a, /d,... and are driven in the direction of the arrow 1. If the power is turned off after it has rotated 0/20 degrees, it will rotate 3zυ degrees.

The next rotation of 36 υ degrees is carried out in the same manner fj, but the direction of energization of each armature coil is reversed.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the motor is a three-phase, single-wave motor, and the excited magnetic poles are in the X and Y directions, so the magnetic rotor l floats and rotates due to the magnetic repulsion in the radial direction.

Next, details of the armature coil energizing means will be explained.

Hall elements #a, /4b, / in Fig. s (1))
ll. c is the magnetic pole /a, .
2a, . . . are fixed to the armature/6 side so that the outputs are obtained opposite to them, and the respective outputs are arranged so that there is a phase difference of 12υ degrees.

No.! In Figure (1)), Hall elements /tIa, /lI
b. The output when /Qc faces the N pole is amplified by the operational amplifiers 27a, 27c, and 27c to obtain a rectangular wave output, which is input to the electric circuit 3/.

This electrical signal. In the time chart of FIG. 7(a), curves Q7a, . . . Curve qza,... Song @4
'9al...

The next signal is not shown because it is 7.20 degrees apart. Hall element /4Ia, /ttb. /tI
The output when c faces the S pole is the operational amplifier 27d,
27e and J7f to obtain a rectangular wave output, which is input to the electric circuit 3/.

These electrical signals are each curved in FIG. 7(a).

The next signal is 7! They are not shown because they are separated by υ degrees. Output terminal 3/a*3/b* of electrical circuit 3/
The output of J/c is the th! By means similar to the means explained in section 9 of the electrical circuit in Figure (a), the curves jja of the time chart in Figure 7(c) that are adjacent to each other with a width of /20 degrees are
, jjb,... Curve jAa, stb, ”
', position detection signals shown by curves j7a, ib, - are obtained.

Also, by similar means, terminal J/ a * J/ b *
From J/c, each curve! 3aN..., curve j
'Aa..., curve F ball,... are obtained, and the width of each curve is 720 degrees and they are adjacent to each other.

For example, if the terminal tea input is set as the 7 inputs of the AND circuit,
Inverting the sum of the inputs of terminals 30b and 3θe,
If we take one other input of the AND circuit, its output is a curve! ! aN! ;310@...

The armature coil is energized by the above-mentioned position detection signal, and details thereof will be explained with reference to FIG. 6(a).

In FIG. Coil /7c, /?f./kuL,
/71 and armature coil/? b, /? e. /
7h, /7k connected in series or in parallel.

The block circuit J9c is removed and the terminal 31'0.3g'D has the curve 35 in
34jjb. ...and curved stone 1. ... are input respectively.

Terminal 37tL*3zaa has curves s6a*... and j? of FIG. 7(c), respectively. a,=- and song iii
j7a. ．． 1-7k+. -... and curved beans 1.・
... is input.

As in the previous embodiment, the energization waveform on the right side of the armature coil K is curve #atjzab, . . . , and the energization waveform on the left side is curve #atjzab, . ···bawl.

The waveform of the reciprocating energization of the armature coil L by the block circuit j9a using similar means is the curve jVae&9b. ...
and curve j? a,...

The waveforms due to the reciprocating energization of the armature coil M by the block circuit 39b are curves AOeL*l>Ob, . . . and curves ωa, .

Therefore, the same effect as in the previous embodiment is obtained, and the magnet rotor 1 floats and rotates due to magnetic repulsion, thereby achieving the object of the present invention.

The energization width of the armature coil is /M) degrees, and the energization is started at the point where the magnetic pole of the magnet rotor 1 has rotated 30 degrees after completely opposing the magnetic pole of the opposing armature /6. The fixed positions of the Hall elements lμa, /4(b, /41c) are adjusted.

Next, an embodiment of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 1(b) will be described.

In Figure 1(b), the axis of rotation! A magnet rotor 7 is fixed to the magnet rotor 7, and magnetic poles 7a . 7b,...
・is placed prominently. For more details on this, please refer to the third section.
0 symbol/4a, which will be described later in Figure (b). //>1)
．． ... is a fixed armature, and its l
One example will be explained with reference to FIG. 2(a). An armature coil /7a is wound around a U-shaped magnetic core /Aa made of a silicon steel plate laminate having magnetic poles as shown by the arrow.

The other U-shaped magnetic cores #>b, /4c,... have exactly the same configuration, and the armature coil /? b, /7c, . . . are wrapped around each other.

Two of the above-mentioned magnetic cores are fixed at an equal pitch on the inner surface of the outer casing, as shown in FIG. 1(b).

The magnetic pole faces of the magnetic cores /Aa*/&b, . . . are located on the same circumferential surface, and face the magnetic poles 7a*7b+, . . . via a gap (l×1 nm).

Therefore, a means for positioning and fixing the magnetic core with high precision and mass production is required. Next, the method will be explained.

FIG. 3(b) is an explanatory diagram of the mechanism of this embodiment.

In FIG. 3(b), side plates 1a of non-magnetic material are provided on both sides of the outer casing. rb is fitted.

Projections Ird and ♂e are provided on the side plates 1h and Ib. Since both have the same configuration, the front view of the side plate RA shown in FIG. 2 (1) will be explained. The annular protrusion rd of the side plate ta has a. Recessed hole 9a,? b. ...is provided.

The side surfaces of the magnetic cores /A&, /4b, -= (for example, the symbol /6l part of ta+ in Fig. 2) constituting the magnetic poles are fitted into the recessed holes 5'a*F1)t... .

Only the state in which the side surface of the magnetic core/4a is fitted into the hole of the protrusion fd is shown in FIG. 2(b). By similar means, other magnetic cores /6b, /Ac,...
, . . . As shown in FIG. 3<b), the magnetic poles 7a, 7b, . , magnetic core/6I
One of the magnetic poles of L, /Ab, . . . is opposed to each other.

The magnet rotor 7 is of an elongated type (meaning that the direction of the rotational axis is longer than the diameter), as shown in Fig. 3('b)V.
As shown in C, magnetic poles 7a, 7b, . Focus 1 magnetic poles 7a, 7b, .

The magnet rotor 7 is magnetized to the N and S poles shown in the figure in the direction of the rotation axis. Therefore, magnetic pole 7a, 7 magnetic core/Aa. /
Ab, ... side (for example, symbol/6-2 in Fig. 2(a))
part) is fitted.

With the above precautions, the magnetic cores /Aa, /4b, . . . can be fixed with high precision.

The magnet discs //a and //b are magnetized in the axial direction and are used to repel the magnet rotor 7 from the left and right sides to prevent it from escaping.

The dotted line IO on the right side of the side plate rb is of the same structure as the member /2h including the magnet rotor 7.2 and Hall element in Fig. 3 (.1), and is a device for obtaining a position detection signal. A load B is provided at the right end of the shaft!O. Figure ψ (c) is a developed view of the magnet rotor 7 and the magnetic core/Aa.

The position sensing elements /#a, /4b have magnetic poles 7a, 7k+ .・
. . , a two-phase position detection signal with a phase difference of θ degrees is obtained.

Magnetic core/4a. /Ab , ... has been changed to represent the λ magnetic poles of the U-shaped magnetic core as /Aa, /6a and /Ab , /
6b. - is displayed.

Magnetic pole/Aa. /To, - is the magnetic pole 7a, 7
Opposed to b, ..., magnetic pole /Aa, #+b,
- indicates magnetic poles 7a, 7b. ...is facing...

When rotated 4f5 degrees in the direction of arrow A from the illustrated position, the armature coil is energized to produce magnetic poles /Aa, /6e,
/41. /Am is N pole, magnetic pole/B, ibe,
・Since the "stretched pieces are magnetized into eight poles, the magnetic poles 7 a , 7 b , - and the magnetic poles 7' of the opposing magnet rotor 7
a, 7b. ? ... is driven in the direction of the arrow by the repulsive force.

? When it rotates 0 degrees, the above-mentioned armature coil is de-energized and the magnetic poles /Ab, /Af, /Aj, /An become N.
The poles, magnetic poles π below, 云1, .

When the motor rotates by qo degrees, the armature coil is de-energized, and the next predetermined magnetic pole is excited, resulting in a two-phase motor that continues to rotate.

The above-mentioned armature coil energization control means will now be described.

In FIG. 3(a), only the outputs when facing the N poles of Hall elements /4a, /4(b) are used.

Therefore, operational amplifier u7a. Only the output of the operational amplifier 7a is used, and the output of the operational amplifier 7a is shown in FIG.
Ru. The output of the operational amplifier 7b is the curve lI/a, Q/a
．． ...and the phase difference between the two is 90 degrees.

From the above-mentioned electric signals, a well-known electric circuit generates the curves Kuko a9 Kuko b, . . . 1 song slI3a. Da3b,...
Curve guda a * 'l'l b *..., curve ia,
Position detection signals indicated by Fta b, . . . can be obtained.

For example, the electrical signals of the curve θa, 4(&a.,...
The output of the AND circuit which uses . . . as an inverted electric signal is the curve uua. 4(.2b,... becomes an electrical signal.Curve 9j
a, 113a. ua, <Z! The width of a is 90 degrees and the electrical signals of the curves 112a, tl2b, ... mentioned above are input to the terminal j6a of the electrical circuit in FIG. Terminals 2Ab and 2bc respectively
, input to 2Ad.

The armature coil is shown in Figure ψ (Cl armature coil/7a
, /7e, /71, /7m series young L. < is connected in parallel.

Armature coil D is armature coil /7b, /')f,
/7j, /? n are connected in the same way.

Armature coil Fi. F is each armature coil/7c
, /7g, /7k, /7o and armature coil /7d,
/7h, /71, and /7p are shown connected in the same way. Curve 4 (.2
When the electrical signal of a is input, 5 transistors X) a.
2ρb conducts, the armature coil C is energized, and the resistance M
When the voltage drop increases and the input voltage at one terminal of the operational amplifier exceeds the one terminal (reference voltage/ta), the output becomes low level, and the transistor la becomes an AND circuit jJ.
Since the lower input of the transistor 20b is also at low level 9, there is no conduction, and the energy stored in the electric plate coil C is transferred to the transistor 20b and the resistor M. It is discharged through the diode 'r2/a.

When the discharge current drops by a predetermined value, the output becomes a noise level due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier, and the armature coil C starts to be energized again. When the armature current reaches the set value, the output of the operational amplifier is again ! It becomes a flower and the armature current drops.

The chopper circuit repeats such cycles, and the armature current is controlled by the reference voltage isa. regulated by.

At the end of curve 11.2a, the input to terminal 2Ats disappears, so transformer 2Da, It)b becomes non-conducting, and the stored magnetic energy in armature coil Af) becomes guio.
-do u/b. Although it is discharged through 2/a, it is impossible to discharge because of the presence of the diode here. However, at the same time, the electrical signal of curve tI3a is applied to the terminal. Since it is input to 2Ab,
"Through the AND circuit 23b, the transistors 20c, 2
0d becomes conductive.

Therefore, due to the high voltage that is about to be discharged, the storage of magnetic energy in the armature film D is rapid, and the discharge of the stored boron energy in the armature coil C is also rapid.

When the discharge of the armature coil 1°C is delayed, a counter torque is generated, and when the rise of the current in the armature coil D is delayed, the torque decreases. Therefore, with general energization control means, / Kw
Even for an electric motor with a class output, the efficient rotational speed is about 2000 revolutions per minute.

According to the means of this embodiment, both the width of the falling part of the current in the armature coil C and the width of the rising part of the current in the armature coil D are extremely rapid, on the order of /θ microseconds.

Therefore, it has the characteristic that it can be rotated at θ million revolutions per minute.

? The armature current value of the armature coil D becomes a set value regulated by the reference voltage/Sd.

The electrical signal of the curve qdaa9da4taa is transmitted to the terminals 21, c. 2
The energization control of armature coils Fi and F when input to Ad is performed in exactly the same way as I:W, and the action of diode uj is also the same.

Therefore, it is possible to perform high-speed rotation as a two-phase electric motor5, and there is a great effect that a high power supply voltage is not required as explained in the previous embodiment in order to process the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil. .

Capacitors l and la are not necessarily necessary, but
Transistor. 20 a, X) Non-conducting conversion of b and transistor. 2/7 c, . 2/7 When there is a deviation in the timing of conduction conversion, / part of the magnetic energy is temporarily transferred to the capacitor: u a k? : This is to prevent damage to the transistor due to charging, and has a small capacity.

Armature coil G! , D, Ilu, F, the magnet rotor 7 floats and rotates at the balance point in the XY direction of the magnetic repulsion in the radial direction due to the energization of the magnets 2, D, llu, and F, so that the object of the present invention is achieved.

Dotted lines #Aa, 4 (Ab, . . . in Fig. 7(a) indicate armature currents. Excitation coils G, HI, , r are armature coils C, D, K, F, respectively. They are wound in the same place and are excited in the same direction.

Therefore, the non-excited magnetic poles are 8 magnetic poles 1/C . ．． ．． ．． It has a shearing effect that prevents the magnetic levitation force from decreasing due to magnetic attraction.

Excitation coil i3, H. , J are connected in series,
Constant current circuit. 2</> allows the DC power terminal /! ;C,/
! ; Power is supplied from e.

In Figure 6(a), i1 law. t. ．． Transistor. ?
ja 4.7&b. ...and the reference voltage. /5f. /
jg and terminal J? a, 37 b + Jga,
．． ? The same purpose can be achieved by using sb's 'expletive K] 1 route.

The circular holes of the regular ribs fa and ffb in Fig. 3(b) contain the rotation axes!
The diameter of the circular hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft.

Therefore, during startup, the magnetic poles of the stator are
of! Akebono 28 Prevents from being attracted to the magnetic pole and becoming difficult to start.
L-(, is.

Magnet rotor 7 and magnetic poles /Aa, /Ab when the technology of this embodiment is applied to a three-phase single-wave current motor. ...,
A developed view of the magnetic poles /6a, /6b, . . . is shown in FIG. q (a).

Hall element/Ila. /tlb. /llc is magnetic pole 7
a, 7b. ...A position detection signal can be obtained from the opposite side.

The output when facing the Hall element/II a b'-N pole is the !th! From the operational amplifier = 7a in figure (b), the output when the Hall elements /tIb, /lc face the N pole is:
The outputs of the operational amplifiers are obtained from the curves tI7a, 4Z? in FIG. 7(a). a-,
Curve 11ga, qzaa..., curve 4 (9a, 49a,
One... is shown all together.

The phase difference between the three-phase position detection signals is i. It reaches 2o degrees.

From these electrical signals, a well-known electrical circuit is used to create a curve!
;Oa,! ;Ob.・= , curve j/a . &
/b. −，Curve! i2a+! 2 b , . . . position detection signals are obtained.

The width of each curve is 7.20 degrees and they are continuous with each other.

For example, if the curve 4''7 a - 10,000 tb +... and the inverted curve Ra.QA'a,... are used as the two inputs of an AND circuit, the output will be the curve k(7a,.'
;θb. ....

Curve 30a. ! ;θb. . . . and the electrical signals of the two-coupled curve at the bottom are the terminals 21, a, 2A in FIG. 6(c).
b. ．． 2/. c.

In Fig. 2 (Cl, the armature coil C is
) armature coil/? a. /7d, /7g, /? j
are connected in series or in parallel, and the armature coils DjC are armature coils /7b, /?, respectively.
e. /7h, /7k and armature coil/? c, /
7f, /? i. /71 also connected.

The magnet rotor 7 in Fig. q (d) is rotated 3θ in the direction of the arrow 8.
When the armature coil C is energized when the armature coil C is rotated, the magnetic pole /Aa . //． d,... are opposing magnetic poles 7a,
7e, . . . are rotated in the direction of arrow A by repulsive force.

7. When rotated 20 degrees, the current is stopped and the armature coil D is energized. Magnetic pole /6b, /Ae. ... move the opposing magnetic poles 7b, 7f, ... in the same direction by repulsive force.
Rotate 20 degrees.

next! ．． A rotation of 20 degrees is similarly performed by energizing the armature coil E.

Magnetic pole/6a. /Ab, - and magnetic pole 7 a. 7 b*
The rotation due to the repulsive force of ``'' also occurs in the same direction.

Next, referring to FIG. t(C), the above-mentioned energization control of the armature coils C, D, and E will be explained.

Transistor xa. 20b,...codiode 2/a,
．． 2/kl,..., Op-Amp Company. Reference voltage/! d,
AND circuit. 2. ? The actions of a, 23b, and 2.3c are the same as in the case of FIG. 6 fb) having the same symbol.

Therefore, terminal 2Aa. 2Ab. Figure 7 (a1σ) curve is the position detection signal input from Bc! rOa, 3;
Ob,... curve. t/a. j/b. ++, curve 1a, ! ;2b. The armature coils (!, D, and E are sequentially energized by the width (720 degrees) of ..., and operate as a three-phase single-wave motor.The armature current is
It can be changed corresponding to the reference voltage/5(l).

Dotted line j, ? in Figure 7(a)? a. SJb. j-.
7c shows the armature current.

Da iode 22. The effect of the capacitor Ua is similar to that shown in FIG. 6(b), and the widths of the rising and falling portions of the armature current are significantly reduced, which has the effect of providing a high-speed, highly efficient DC motor.

Since the magnetic energy of the armature coil is transferred by its own instantaneous force, the power supply voltage need only overcome the back electromotive force.

Therefore, the power supply voltage can be lower than that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6(,).

When the armature coils C, D, and E are energized, the magnetic rotor 7 floats and rotates when the magnetic repulsion forces in the radial direction in the XY direction are balanced, so that the object of the present invention is achieved.

The excitation coils G, 1{, I, which are wound at the same positions as the armature coils C, D, and E, are connected to a DC power supply /. tc, /&e, excitation is performed in the same direction, and this excitation is maintained at a set value smaller than the excitation due to energization of the armature coil.

Therefore, there is the same effect as in the case of FIG. 6(b).

The configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 3(b), and the operational effects of the structure are also exactly the same as those shown in FIG. 2(b).

〔effect〕

First effect: Since the magnet rotor also serves as a magnetic bearing, the structure is simplified, the cost is low, and the device can be mass-produced.

The second effect is that it can rotate at a high speed of about 0,000 revolutions per minute, generates little noise, and has a long service life.

High efficiency even at high speeds.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the configuration of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2(a) is a perspective view of the U-shaped magnetic core, Fig. 2(b) is an explanatory view of the member holding the magnetic core, and Fig. 3 is , Fig. ψ is an explanatory diagram of the overall configuration of the device of the present invention, and Fig. ψ is a developed view of the magnet rotor and fixed armature. The figure shows an electric circuit diagram for obtaining a position detection signal, FIG. 2 shows an energization control circuit diagram of the armature coil, and FIG. 7 shows a time chart of the position detection signal and armature current.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a multi-phase DC motor having an elongated magnet rotor, the magnet rotor is protruded from the outer peripheral surface, has a width of 180 degrees in electrical angle, and is spaced apart from each other by the width of the magnetic poles.
Multiple N arranged so that adjacent magnetic poles are different
, S magnetic pole and the first, second, ... phase magnetic poles that face the N, S magnetic pole end faces via a gap and protrude from the fixed armature fixed to the outer periphery, and are wound around each magnetic pole, respectively. The armature coils of the first, second, ... phases attached to the
The magnetic pole width of each phase of , second, ... is 18 in electrical angle.
0 degrees, and there are 4 magnetic poles in a set, and the mechanical angle is 90 degrees.
means arranged on the fixed armature at a distance from each other, and detecting the respective positions of the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor, and detecting the position detection signals of the first, second, ... phases of the first series and the A position detection device that obtains two series of first, second, ... phase position detection signals, and a first position detection device that corresponds to the width of the first, second, ... phase position detection signals of the first and second series. , the second, ... phase armature coils are energized to excite the corresponding magnetic poles to N and S poles, and the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor are driven only by repulsive force to generate a unidirectional driving torque. an energization control circuit that causes the armature coil to rapidly dissipate the stored magnetic energy of the armature coil when the armature coil of one phase is de-energized;
Next, there is a means for rapidly accumulating magnetic energy in the armature coil to be energized, a means for inhibiting movement of the magnet rotor in the rotational axis direction, and a means for energizing the armature coil of one phase to cause the magnetic poles to rotate. N, alternately as the child rotates.
An electric circuit that energizes an armature coil that excites and holds the magnetic poles so as to cancel the magnetic attraction force by the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor in the middle of the excitation of the magnetic poles of the preceding and subsequent stages when the magnetic poles are excited to the S pole. A DC motor in which a magnetic rotor also serves as a magnetic bearing. (2) In a multi-phase DC motor having an elongated magnetic rotor, one end of the magnetic rotor is protruded from the outer peripheral surface, has a width of 180 degrees in electrical angle, and is spaced apart from each other by the width of the magnetic poles. At the other end of the magnet rotor, a plurality of N magnetic poles are protruded from the outer peripheral surface, and are arranged to have a width of 180 degrees in electrical angle, separated from each other by the width of the magnetic poles, and in phase with the N magnetic poles. The S magnetic pole and the two magnetic pole surfaces face the N and S magnetic pole surfaces at both ends of the magnet rotor through an air gap, and are magnetized to the same polarity as the opposing magnetic poles of the magnet rotor by the wound armature coil. The magnetic cores of the first, second, ... phases are composed of U-shaped magnetic cores, the two magnetic pole widths of the magnetic cores, and the two magnetic pole widths of the respective magnetic cores of the first, second, ... phases. is 180 degrees in electrical angle, and constitutes a set of four magnetic cores, which are spaced apart from each other by 90 degrees in mechanical angle and are fixedly disposed on the outer stator side, and the N magnetic pole or S magnetic pole of the magnet rotor. a position detection device that detects a position and obtains position detection signals of first, second, ... phases;
The armature coils wound around the magnetic cores of the first, second, ... phases corresponding to the width of the position detection signal of the phase are energized to excite the corresponding N and S magnetic poles, and the N of the magnet rotor is energized. , an energization control circuit that drives the S magnetic pole only by repulsive force to generate a unidirectional driving torque, and when the armature coil of one phase is de-energized, the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil is rapidly transferred. means for quickly accumulating magnetic energy in the armature coil to be energized next; means for inhibiting movement of the magnet rotor in the rotational axis direction; A magnet characterized by comprising an electric circuit that excites and holds two magnetic poles of a magnetic core so as to generate a predetermined magnetic flux in the same direction and cancel the magnetic attraction force caused by the magnetic poles of a magnet rotor. A DC motor whose rotor also serves as a magnetic bearing.