JPS6369442A - Motor equipped with magnetic bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To support a rotatable shaft without contact, by arranging U-shaped pole pieces on the circumference of a rotor with an equal width and pitch, and by electrifying n-sets of electromagnetic in the same phase arranged with respect to a stator at a pitch of 90 deg. to cause the rotor and the stator to repel each other. CONSTITUTION:A magnet 52 is fixed to a non-magnetic cylinder 6a secured to a shaft 6, on both sides of which silicon steel plates are laminated to form U-shaped salient poles 2a, 2b... to complete a rotor. U-shaped electromagnetic 3a, 3b... are provided on the inside circumference of a case 5 of mild steel and n-sets of coil at the pitch 90 deg. from among coils 4a, 4b... are electrified in the same phase. For instance, let rotor salient poles (2a-2l) be 12 and electromagnets (3a-3p) be 16. According to the position of the rotor coils at 90 deg. apart from it are electrified one after another, causing to repel the rotor to the stator. With magnets 10-12 at an end of a shaft 6 and a magnet 9 on the inside surface of the case 5, the axial displacement is controlled. The rotor is hence made to have no contact, keep a long life and operate at high speed to reduce the power consumption.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] Since the bearing is removed and the brushless motor is used, a long service life can be obtained and the Hess rotation speed can be increased. Therefore, it is effective when used as a drive source for axial fans, laser mirrors, etc.

Since no oil is used for lubrication, it can be used as a drive source for various devices in the IJ+ room.

[Problems that the present invention seeks to solve] When a semiconductor motor is used, the rotating shaft and its bearing are the only problems that limit the service life.

It also causes a large amount of mechanical noise.

The present invention attempts to solve the above-mentioned problems by eliminating the rotating shaft and bearing.

[Conventional technology]

An electromagnet is installed in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis (XY axis direction),
Research is being conducted on methods of supporting the rotating shaft in a non-contact manner using suction force in the Y direction.

[Means for solving problems]

The above-mentioned conventional technology relies on the attractive force of an electromagnet, so it requires a high-precision sensor to detect the movement of the rotating shaft, and since the operation also uses the attractive force, the operation becomes unstable. This is high-class servo technology. Therefore, large size,
It has the disadvantage of being expensive.

In the device of the present invention, instead of the above-described means, the driving torque by the rotor salient poles and the armature magnetic poles is generated only by the repulsive force between the two, and this repulsive force is used to increase the gap between the rotor and the armature. Furthermore, the connection between the rotor and the armature magnetic poles is achieved by a device that uses only magnets or a combination of electromagnets to prevent the rotor from moving in the direction of the rotational axis or in the direction perpendicular to the rotational axis. The purpose was achieved by maintaining the correct facing relationship.

[Function] The magnetic pole of the fixed armature and the salient pole of the rotor are 1 gO degree (electrical angle)
The magnetic repulsion during rotation is used as a driving torque, and at the same time, this torque is used as a force to magnetically levitate the rotor above the armature. It can be applied to any electric motor of co-phase or higher.

Therefore, the configuration is simplified and this type of electric motor can be provided at low cost.

By using U-shaped electromagnets as the magnetic poles of the armature, and using new means to control the arrangement and energization of the excitation coil,
Performs complete levitation action.

Also, since the rotor receives a force that causes it to escape from the armature, the following measures are adopted to prevent this.

By using the magnetic repulsion of a rotating magnet fixed to a part of the rotating shaft and a magnet or electromagnet fixed to the main body, the movement of the rotating shaft in the axial direction and the movement in the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft is suppressed. Prevents escape action.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 (4) K as seen from the direction of arrow C, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of dotted line C in FIG.

Components with the same symbols from FIG. 1 onward are indicated by the same symbols.

In FIG. 1, the rotor is composed of a magnet 52 (a flight magnet, which has an annular shape, and whose upper surface is magnetized with a north pole and whose lower surface is magnetized with an south pole) and salient poles as described below.

The symbols ko<, :1b9... are salient poles, which have a width of 75 degrees and are made at equal pitches. After silicon steel plates having salient poles, 2Q, 2b, etc. are die-cut and laminated and solidified, they are fitted onto the outer periphery of the magnetic octopus.

The inner surface of the magnet is fitted onto the outer surface of a cylinder 68 made of non-magnetic material.

The rotating shaft 6 is fitted into the cylinder AgK.

Figure 1 shows the overall structure, and symbol 5 is the outer casing, which is made of mild steel. As shown in FIG. 3, a lid yc and a tab are fitted on both sides of the lid. Symbol 6 in Fig. 2 is the rotating shaft, symbol l is the electric motor, - symbol 7 is the device on the right side of Fig. 3 (α), which acts to inhibit the horizontal movement and vertical movement of the rotating shaft B. ing.

Next, details of FIGS. 1 and 3 (fL) will be explained.

Each of the magnetic poles 3a, 34, 3c, - is a U-shaped electromagnet. One of them is shown in Figure 3Cb)K. It is made by laminating U-shaped silicon steel sheets.

The excitation coil may be placed in either direction L as indicated by the arrow. The magnetic poles are designated by the symbol 319th τ.

In this example, as shown in Figs.
λ pieces are attached in the direction of . Such excitation coils are designated as 41a, qb, . . . in FIG.

Each electromagnet has magnetic poles 3<, 3 in FIG.
The magnetic poles on the back of b,... are symbol 3a, 7th,
- The excitation coils that are closed and installed are marked a a, n
,... are shown closed.

The electromagnets (3!, Y), <31a, F), . . . are fixed by being crimped onto the non-magnetic cylinder HK.

Salient poles a, b, ... and magnetic poles 3a, 3a, ... are,
o-s Mi') Me) They face each other with a gap at position y, and each surface is on the same circumferential surface. Salient poles λ, Kob, ... and magnetic poles Go, Tgo, ... are also facing each other. .

The dotted line A in Fig. 3 is a polygon mirror for scanning the laser beam, which is a load fixed on the left side of the rotation axis B. A fan used in the clean room is also provided as a load.

Next, according to the developed view of the salient poles and magnetic poles in Fig. 5, magnet 3@
, 3τ, 3b, Jτ2... at 31,0 degrees.

In the state shown, the excitation coil (da, 4”)*(lIt,
uτ) # (jL, JL) excitation coil)
.

When the (J17L, , 1rlL excitation coils) are energized, the magnetic pole 7fL1 τ faces the salient pole, the other third stage magnetic pole is the first stage salient pole, and the second stage magnetic pole is Since it faces the salient poles of the second stage, the salient pole group, that is, the rotor, rotates in the direction of arrow F by generating a driving torque due to the repulsive force of the same poles.

A driving torque is generated by the repulsive force in the direction of arrow F to drive the rotor.

The above-mentioned repulsive force is symmetrical with respect to the center of rotation, and as the magnetic poles and salient poles approach, the repulsive force becomes large, so the rotor is driven around the center within the armature cavity. .

Also, at this time, the magnetic poles 3b and 3p and the salient pole b.

2b, Cogging torque is generated in addition to the magnetic pole 3ct, - and salient pole C9 attraction force is generated, but the force that causes the rotor to shift from the center due to the attraction force from these is small. No problem. In particular, if the excitation current is increased, the magnetization strength of the magnetic poles can be several times as strong as the magnetic poles of the ferrite magnet, so there is no problem because the strength can be several times as strong as the repulsive or attractive force.

The following angle measurements will be expressed in electrical angles.

When the rotor rotates 90 degrees, the magnetic poles (3a, 3h).

(3g, 3g), (3i, 3i), (,7m, 3))
, (3yL, D1) are de-energized, and the resulting drive torque disappears. However, the magnetic pole (3d,
3d), (3b, 3A).

(, ? Z, JT) e (jp,, 3p > excitation coil is energized and a driving torque in the direction of arrow F is generated. When the rotor further rotates 90 degrees, the magnetic poles (3 resistant, jg), (
The driving torque due to Jg, Js), ... disappears, and instead, the magnetic poles (3c, 3c) (,75,ay), (,y
,b,,yA), (30, ?0) are energized, and a driving torque in the direction of arrow F is generated.

With the next rotation of the rotor every 90 degrees, the excitation coil is alternately energized in the same way and rotated by the subsequent repulsive force, rotating in unison with the co-phase motor.

” During the double rotation, the cogging torque is canceled out and disappears. Furthermore, the center line of rotation of the rotor is maintained without movement due to the repulsive force in the center direction caused by the q magnetic poles that generate torques in the same phase.

However, there is an axial movement of 12 rotations nl+/. That is, the rotor receives an axial escape force due to the repulsive force. The device that suppresses the movement of the rotating shaft due to this force is shown in Figure 3 (h
), and its operation will be described later.

Next, the above-mentioned excitation coil energizing means ((() will be explained.

In Fig. 4, the width of the l magnetic pole, in which J N, S poles /74, /7h, ... are magnetized at an equal pitch to the annular magnet)/7, is the salient pole width. a, b,・
The magnets are attached to the salient poles of the rotor and have a common axis of rotation A.

Hall element n @ facing the magnetic pole surface of mag storage
, /s; h is fixed on the fixed armature side, and they are 9
They are 0 degrees apart.

The outputs of the Hall elements /g and /gh become phase detection outputs.

FIG. 6 shows an electric circuit for obtaining the output of the Hall element.

In the figure, the symbols /q a and /qb are DC power supply terminals, and the left and right outputs of the Hall element itra are linearly amplified by an operational amplifier 20 rg and a A detection signal is output.

Such a signal is curve 2b in the time chart of FIG.
4, 2A b , . . . and curves with different IgO degree phases, 27α2 coqb, .

Regarding the Hall element 11h, the position detection signals with different Igθ degree phases;
, ... and the curve 294, coqb, ... are obtained.

Curve 2A birthmark, , 2A b,... and curve ko, fα,
The phase difference between this and h is 90 degrees. Operational amplifier 20α in Figure 4.

Increase the amplification rate of ytb (then the terminal, 2/a,
, 2/h output is a square wave. These are shown in Fig. 7 by the curves ua, Q2 b, ... and the curves ko,
It is shown as y a , :u h , .

In the case of Hall element/K A, the curve,
xQ, a, 541b, -Ethi song @x moromi, mA
, -h's is obtained.

Curves, u a , u A , ... and curve 3φ,
The output of yb, . . . is output from the terminal 704 in Figure (C).
, 7/4 are inputted respectively, and the curves are curved, scolded, and ・
. . . and the outputs of the curves 84° n b , . . . are respectively input to the terminals 124 and 7J 4 in FIG. FIG. S is an embodiment of the energization control circuit for the excitation coil.

Excitation coils A and B each have magnetic ti(1,
Ding a), (3g, 3g), (3i.

3i), (Jna, 3m) and magnetic pole (3r:, 36
) (3g, ay), (3 to,,yh), (,?o
.

The excitation coils a and 8 each have a magnetic pole (Jd
, day), (3A, TT), (, tl, 1 piece), (y
P, y) and magnetic poles (,?b,,7) C3f, 3f
), C3j2j), (3n, T''; 7) shows a group of excitation coils that are excited with the illustrated polarity and are connected in series or in parallel.

The order in which the transistors 70.7/, . . . become conductive is as follows: every time the rotor and magnet /7 rotate 90 degrees, the transistor symbol (7x, 70) → (7 (:), 7.7) →
(73°7/) → (7t, 7x) → and conducts cyclically.

Therefore, the excitation coil that is energized is designated by the symbol (A).

The order is A) → (A, B) → (mutual, /3) → (B, A) →.

Such energization results in excitation of the magnetic pole group explained in FIG. S, so a driving torque is generated and the motor rotates as a co-phase electric motor.

The action of diode 6de will be explained.

Excitation coils A and B are energized, then excitation coil A'ljC
') If am is stopped and ℃, IJyJ, +1/J is energized, the magnetic energy accumulated in exciting coil H has the effect of speeding up the energization of exciting coils A and A via diode 6. There is. Other diodes have the same effect.

Since one of the excitation coils is always connected in series, there is no case where the back electromotive force is zero. Therefore, ineffective energization of torque is removed and efficiency is increased.

Since the number of salient poles is large, the magnetic energy stored in the excitation coil is accompanied by the generation of counter torque, and in this embodiment, even in the case of light torque, it is about 2000 times per minute.

A circuit for eliminating this drawback will now be described.

In Fig. j (h), excitation coils A, B, A.

B is the same symbol as in FIG. 3(4).

Transistors are installed at both ends of the excitation coils A and H, respectively.
I/Q, 4 (/e and g/b, da/d are inserted.

Transistor da/a, da/h, lI/e,
4(/tL is a switching element, and may be another semiconductor element having the same effect.

Power is supplied from the positive and negative terminals tq a and iq h of the DC power supply.

When a positive electric signal is input from the AND circuit 37@, the transistors 41/a and II/c become conductive, and the exciting coil A is energized. When a positive electrical signal is input from the AND circuit 77b, the transistor lI/b, 1
1/d becomes conductive, and the exciting coil B is energized.

Terminal 4Loa, tm h has terminal cono a in Fig. 6,
The outputs of 2/b are respectively input.

These are rectangular waves and amplification circuit J91! , j9 A
It is shaped as an input to the AND circuit 3υ137b. In the time chart of FIG. 7, such electrical signals correspond to curves -a, wb, ... and curve Q.
7 a , w h , . . .

The pace control circuits of transistors u/4 and #/e (symbols 37rL, 37h, 49, 61I, etc.) are shown with the same symbol in Figure 3(C), so we will explain the control means using both. do.

The circuit with the symbol T in FIG. 3(h) is the one with the same symbol in FIG. 3(C). In addition, the inputs of the terminals Rd, 4 (f t) become the outputs of the slope amplification circuits 3qa, , 7?h shown in FIG. This is the output of M and N points.

A reference voltage specifying the output torque is inputted from the terminal 3g in Fig. s (Cb). Therefore, the output of the multiplier circuit 61I is similar to the electrical signals at the terminals /a and -7b in FIG.
Moreover, the electric signals are generated with different heights depending on the input to the terminal 3g. The input to terminal ll6fL in FIG. 3(C) is
h) is input to terminals qoα and uoh, and terminal lI4
The input of b is the input of terminal 3g.

The input of one terminal of the operational amplifier 9 is inputted from the terminal 6Te1. This means that the voltage drop across the resistor 3Sα in FIG. 3, that is, the detection voltage of the excitation current is input.

The time chart in FIG. 9 shows the current curve flowing through the exciting coil A.

The electric signals A7LX, A7b, . . . in FIG. 9 are generated by the oscillation circuit 5. in FIG. 3(e). This is the output pulse from a monostable circuit.

The output pulse causes the flip-flop circuit 'I!
@, II! A is activated, AND circuit, 774
input is set to high level. At this time, when the position detection signal is input, the upper output of the AND circuit 3 α becomes high level during 180 degrees. Therefore, AND circuit 37
The output of eL also becomes high level.

Accordingly, the transistors dlα and 'Ice become conductive, so that the excitation current increases as shown by the curve Ala in FIG.

As the excitation current increases, the dotted line curve n (this is the operational amplifier 6
This is the input to the child terminal of 9. ), the output of the operational amplifier 69 changes to low level, and the flip-flop circuit tIs a, ys h ha! 7 is set, and the lower input of the AND circuit 374 becomes low level, so that the transistors lI/a and tI/C become non-conductive.

The magnetic energy stored in excitation coil A is generated by diode JA b , m source, resistor S, SC, diode, ?
This curve is shown in Figure 2 as the curve /,
g Denoted as A.

Since the power source is charged, the curve 6b rapidly drops by increasing the applied voltage. The upper row of the curve (, g a also becomes rapid.

Next, the electrical signal A7i? With the arrival of , the flip-flop circuits u3α and tlsh are energized again, so that the excitation coil A starts to be energized, and the current increases as shown by the curve 67e. The energization is stopped at the intersection with the curve t2, and at this time the energization is started by the electric signal 67d, but this is immediately stopped and the excitation current decreases as shown by the curve lJd.

By repeating the above-described cycle, the excitation current curve becomes the same shape as the electric signal n.

The curve n is the output of the multiplier circuit 6q and has a value obtained by multiplying the position detection signal (curves Aa, Tb, . . . in FIG. 7) by the reference voltage (input to the terminal 3g).

As can be seen from the following explanation, the current flowing through the excitation coil A is similar to the position detection signal, and the magnitude of this current can be changed by the reference voltage applied to the terminal 3.

Under exactly the same circumstances, the energization of the excitation coil B is controlled by the position detection signal input from the terminal tmh, resulting in the same energization curve. Terminal? Similarly, the size can be changed by inputting g.

As can be seen from the above explanation, it rotates as an l-phase electric motor.

Symbol 33. The evaluation is for FG and FV circuits, respectively.
The output is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the motor. If the output of the FV circuit is used as the input of the multiplier circuit 6da instead of the input of the terminal 3g, the output torque will be large at low speeds (
, characteristics similar to those of a general DC machine, in which the output torque decreases at high speeds, can be obtained.

The excitation coils A and B in Fig. g (Ch) are the excitation coils with the same symbol as in Fig. 5(1).

Since the position detection output is obtained from the Hall element/gb using the same circuit as in Fig. 6, the signal is as shown in Fig. 7.
Curve 2g a, 2zari, ... and curve 29a,
, 29 b, . . . as described above.

Such a position detection signal is sent to the AND circuit 37G described above.
, 37 h , the circuit T, the operational amplifier 69, etc. are inputted to the terminals m 4 and yo b of a control circuit having exactly the same configuration. AND circuit 37) at this time.

In Fig. 7, the input signals on the upper side of 37b are curve evaluation a, 24r b, . . . and curves #4, #A.
,... are shown closed. The output of the circuit corresponding to the AND circuit j7 rL, , 77 b of this control circuit is connected to the terminal yqb.

39, the transistor lIt g ,
(The excitation current can be controlled in exactly the same way by controlling the on/off of I/Lqif and qyA, and the effects are also the same.

Terminal, 3! e serves as a detection output terminal for the voltage drop across the resistor asb, that is, the excitation current, and the reference voltage at the terminal 3g can be used in common.

The effects of the diodes 7t, e, 3b f, . . . are also the same.

Therefore, the rotor rotates as a co-phase semiconductor motor.

In general electric motors of this type, the rotational speed cannot be increased as described above.

Moreover, efficiency deteriorates.

In this case, the excitation current curve becomes like curve 3 in FIG.

At the beginning of energization, the current value is small due to the inductance of the excitation coil, and becomes even smaller in the center due to the back electromotive force. In the final stage, the back electromotive force is small, so it rises rapidly and becomes like curve 3.

This final peak value is equal to the current value at startup. In this section, since there is no output torque, there is only a joule loss, which has the disadvantage of greatly reducing efficiency. Since curve 3 has a width of igo degrees, the magnetic energy is discharged as shown by the dotted line 3.21, and this becomes a counter torque, further deteriorating the efficiency. Furthermore, as the rotational speed increases, the counter torque becomes relatively large, and there is a limit to the increase in the rotational speed.

Furthermore, when the output torque is increased, that is, when the number of salient poles and magnetic poles is increased and the excitation current is increased, there is a drawback that the rotational speed becomes significantly smaller.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5(h), the energization waveform of each exciting coil is proportional to the position detection signal (Yu 6a, Colo b, etc.), so the output torque curve is, for example, a curved line. It will be like 30. The output torque curves of other phases also have the same shape.

Therefore, the peak value of the excitation current at the end of the tgo degree section is removed, improving efficiency. Furthermore, since the excitation current gradually increases and decreases, it has the effect of reducing mechanical noise during rotation.

In contrast to the case of FIG. 5(fL), the embodiment of FIG. S(h) further has the following features.

First, the output torque is regulated by the reference voltage at terminal 3g and is independent of the applied voltage. The applied voltage effects the rapid accumulation and release of magnetic energy.

In the electric motor of the present invention, since the number of salient poles increases, the time required for the magnetic energy to enter and exit the exciting coil becomes relatively long, and the rotational speed decreases. However, since energization similar to the position detection signal can be made by forcibly increasing the applied voltage,
Mixture of counter torque and delay in current rise are eliminated.

Therefore, a high-speed, high-torque electric motor can be obtained, and an effective technique can be provided.

First, since the current value is suppressed to a small value at the beginning and end of the 180-degree energization, it is possible to prevent the decrease in efficiency mentioned above for the three energization curves in Figure 7, and to obtain the same efficiency as a general DC machine. It has the effect of

Third, the energization waveform is the position detection signal wave 2 (as shown in Figure 7).
As shown in K, the smooth rise and fall has the effect of preventing the induction of vibration.

Next, the error amplification circuit shown in FIG. 5(-) will be explained.

FG circuit, y3. The FV circuit 3 and the error amplification circuit 3 are for constant speed control.

The rotational speed of the electric motor is converted by the FG circuit 33 into an electric pulse frequency using an encoder, and changed into a voltage signal by the FV circuit.

A reference voltage for commanding constant speed is input from terminal Q3 tL.

When the speed increases beyond the set speed, the output voltage of the error amplification circuit DA 3 drops, so the input voltage on the right side of the multiplier circuit 641 also decreases, the rotation speed drops, the output torque also decreases, and the load The rotation speed is balanced with the torque.

When the set speed is exceeded and decreased, the opposite control is performed to maintain a constant speed.

Returning to FIG. 3 (@), the device on the right side will be explained.

At the right end of the rotating shaft 6 is a cylindrical magnet).

One of the mild steel disks /(17, //) is fixed so as to rotate synchronously.

Disc 10. The outer periphery of // is a slope with a cross section inclined by K and qs degrees as shown in the figure. In other words, it is a part of a conical surface.

The magnetic poles are N and S poles as shown.

There is a cylindrical magnet inside the outer 5is)? The outer periphery of is fitted. The gap lengths between the magnetic poles of the magnet DE and the opposing surfaces of the disks io and it are made equal.

Magnet and disk 10. As shown in the figure, the magnetic poles of // are all opposite to each other.

FIG. 1O shows only the above-mentioned magnetic pole faces as line segments. The symbol of each line segment is shown in FIG.

5h indicates the magnetic pole surface of the electromagnet, and gland molecules e and sd indicate the magnetic pole surfaces at positions symmetrical to the line segments za and 3b of the electromagnet.

Line segments 4Is and 7c indicate the magnetic pole surfaces of salient poles d and st,
Line segments Ab and 7h indicate salient poles, that is, magnetic pole surfaces located at symmetrical positions.

Sunspot 5g! ; f 1"! "l r'
” and 4C, C11, d, and 7d indicate the center of each line segment, and it is thought that the N and S poles of the magnetic poles are concentrated at this point.

Line segments qa, qb and line segments qe, qd are in symmetrical positions,
Line segments qa, qh and 9C, 9 (t indicate each magnetic pole face of the magnet de.

Line segments 104 and 10 b indicate the magnetic pole faces located at symmetrical positions of the disk IO in FIG. 3 (α), and the line segments // a , l
The magnetic pole faces at symmetrical positions on the th & L disk 1/ are shown.

Sunspot day, qf, eyg, deh are line segments? scratch.

96. Ye, shows the center point of 9d, black point / θC180
d and black point // e, // d are line segment l, respectively
O day.

It shows the center point of ta b and line segments 1/a, //b.

Each black spot is considered to be a point where the N and S poles of each magnetic pole are concentrated. A dotted line M indicates the rotation axis 6.

When the rotation axis M moves in the direction of the arrow Y, the black dot, sea and 4c
And sunspots s, f and 7C are close to each other and the repulsive force increases, and sunspots 6d and 5. ! ! Since the sunspots 7d and jA are separated from each other, the repulsive force is reduced. When the rotation axis M moves in the opposite direction to the Y direction, the increase/decrease in the repulsive force between the sunspots is also reversed. Therefore, the rotation axis M returns to the predetermined position.

The rotating shaft M is magnetically levitated and rotates without contact. When the rotation axis M moves in the direction of the arrow Y, the sunspot day and 10
Since e and the sunspots qf and //tp are close to each other, the repulsive force increases, and because the sunspots to d and 9g and the sunspots //d and 9h are spaced apart, the repulsive force decreases.

When the rotation axis M moves in the opposite direction of the arrow )', the increase and decrease in the repulsive force between the sunspots is reversed. The rotation axis "f" therefore returns to its predetermined position.

When the rotation axis M moves in the direction of the arrow X, the black point qe and /
Since θC and sunspots 9da and 10d are close to each other, the repulsive force increases, and sunspots 9f and ii c and sunspot // d, and ? h
are separated, so the repulsive force decreases.

When the rotation axis C moves in the opposite direction of the arrow X, the increase/decrease in the repulsive force between the sunspots is reversed.

Therefore, the rotating shaft M returns to the set position, magnetically levitates, and can rotate without contact.
``The rotating shaft i in FIG. 3(1) is made of a non-magnetic material to prevent the magnetic paths of magnets !, 2, and 12 from being short-circuited.

The same effect can also be obtained if the disks io and ii are magnetized 1-5 with a magnet and then brought into close contact with a magnetic saw as shown. In this case, the same effect can be obtained even if the magnet 7.2 is made of a mild steel cylinder and a simple magnetic path is used.

What is shown in Fig. 1/(a) is an example in which a jadeite is used in place of the magnet of the magnetic bearing on the right side of Fig. 7 (α).

In Figure 1 (i), the outer periphery is a disc-shaped magnet whose slant is about 41j degrees) Are 4, ! U A
And the mild steel cylinder S41 is fitted onto the rotating shaft B and rotates synchronously.

Magnet) 3tic is magnetized so that the outer peripheral slope part becomes the N pole and the center part on the right side becomes the S pole.

Magnets)! , 11/) are magnetized so that the outer periphery slope portion thereof becomes an S pole, and the center portion on the left side becomes an N pole.

Excitation coils s and yb (which are wound and solidified into a cylindrical shape) are attached to the left soft steel magnetic core 3. Excitation coil! ,?
b is energized with a constant current.

Annular magnetic core S,? Ink as a magnetic core! When gluing to the left side of 3, K, rotor with rotation axis Al1C fixed (symbol S≠1゜54
1b, sp) as shown, and then the outer casing!
Insert and stick.

In the case of the rotor (10, ti, i) shown in FIG. 3(1), means similar to those described above are employed when bonding the disk 10 or the disk // to the magnet l. Ru.

S and N poles of magnetic core 33, 33Φ and magnet 59h.

Since the S and N poles of jF g face each other and the opposing surfaces are sloped, the rotating shaft 6 floats due to magnetic repulsion and becomes a magnetic bearing, as in the case of Fig. 3 (exposed), and the effect is The same is true.

FIG. 11(b) shows another embodiment of the magnetic bearing on the right side of FIG. 3(4).

In Fig. 1 (h), a cylindrical magnet ()/() and a magnetic disc (10°//) are fixed to the first rotating shaft (B) so as to rotate synchronously.

The magnetic saw has N and S poles magnetized in the axial direction.

Therefore, the magnetic disk 10. As shown in the figure, the magnetic poles on the outer periphery of ii are concentrated on the right side in the case of the 5K disk 10, and on the left side in the case of the disk/l.

A cylindrical magnet Sj is fitted inside the outer casing 5,
Both sides of the inner peripheral surface are magnetized to have N and S poles.

Regarding the movement of the rotation axis in the Y direction, the repulsive force of the magnetic poles of the same polarity as the magnet S and the disc /Q, // makes it float in equilibrium at the position shown in the figure.

The magnet 56 has the illustrated polarity K11l), has a cylindrical shape, and is fitted onto the inner peripheral surface of the magnet SS.

Regarding the movement of the rotation axis in the X direction, Yagunetsu) 5A and disk 10. It is balanced by the repulsive force of the same polarity of // and floats to the position shown in the figure.

Therefore, it has the same effect as the magnetic bearing on the right side of Figure 3.

Instead of magnet /2, use a mild steel cylinder, and the disc 10
．． The same effect can be obtained even if // is used as a disc-shaped magnet as in the example shown in FIG.

What is shown in FIG. 1/FIG. Ce) is another embodiment that has the same effect as FIG. 11(b).

In Fig. 1/(e), the rotating shaft B has a magnetic disk S.
'), 31! , 63 and cylindrical magnets 39 , 62
are arranged as shown in the figure and configured to rotate together synchronously. The magnets 59 and 6 are axially
As shown in the figure, the N and S poles are magnetized.

The outer circumference of a cylindrical magnet 60 is fitted inside the outer casing 5, and both sides of the inner circumferential surface are magnetized to N and S magnetic poles.

The outer periphery of the cylindrical non-magnetic material support 6/1 is fitted inside the outer casing S, and the cylindrical magnet 6/ is fitted onto the inner periphery of the cylindrical non-magnetic support 6/1.

It is magnetized to the S pole.

Regarding the movement of the rotating shaft 6 in the Y direction, the magnet 60 and the disk! ;7. ! Balance is maintained by the repulsive force of the same polarity of l, and regarding movement in the X direction, magnet 6 and disk 3
The balance is maintained by the repulsive forces of the same polarity of g and 63, and the rotating shaft 6 floats. Therefore, it is a magnetic bearing.

The length of arrow B, that is, the disk 37. ! ;The smaller the portion of II that protrudes from the magnet sq, the greater the magnetic repulsion force, which is more effective.

Disk! The same purpose can be achieved even if 8 is divided at the dotted line points. Also, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11(1), the cylinders 59 and 62 are made of mild steel cylinders, and the disk 37. ! ;
1 (divided along dotted lines) 63 can also be implemented as a magnet.

〔effect〕

As can be seen from the above embodiments, there is an effect that the rotating shaft can be magnetically levitated and supported from its support body with no power consumption or with a small amount of power. Semiconductor motors are made by removing brushes and commutators to create stable and long-life motors, but with the device of the present invention, the shaft bearings, which are the only wear parts, can be removed, making it even more stable and long-lasting. There is an effect that can be obtained.

Furthermore, since it can be performed at high speed, it has the effect of finding a wide range of uses. It also has the effect of eliminating mechanical noise.

Furthermore, since one of the magnetic bearings also serves as an electric motor, there is an effect that the configuration is simplified.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the electric motor of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall configuration of the device of the present invention. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view and an explanatory diagram of the electromagnet of the stator, Figure 9 is an explanatory diagram of the magnet ring, Figure 5 is a developed view of the salient poles and poles, and Figure 6 is the position. The electric circuit diagram for obtaining the detection output, Figure 1 is a time chart of the position detection signal, output torque, and excitation current, Figure S is a circuit diagram for energization control of the excitation coil, and Figure 2 is a time chart of the excitation current. 10th
The figure is Figure 3 (Explanatory diagram of magnetic repulsion force of the magnetic device,
The figures each show an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the device of the present invention. A... Laser mirror, S-6/ko, 9.5 da C9
, Yollb, 55. ff6.39.40. A/
, A...Magnet, 3 signals, 3b,..., 3@
, 3τ, ... magnetic pole, yes, 4Ib, ..., Tτ
, 7 pieces, A, B, A, B... Excitation coil, Cott
, 2h... salient pole, r, ga, zab... outer casing, S
Da...Cylinder, 10, //, 57.31a, 63.
...Disk, 131s3α...YoA. - soft steel magnetic core, /l...magnetic ring, /1b-...Hall element, /9a, tq
b -O DC power supply voltage negative electrode, 204, mb,
60.69... operational amplifier, -4,=b,...
, p 4 , ub , .... Evaluation a, Hb,..., Ko exposure, Ko b,..., Kotoyumi Ab. ..., Nik 1, Core B, ・
... , Koga, Kogb, ... ,
Ko9 Shin. qb,... position detection signal curve, , 70... torque curve, 3 pieces, 52... excitation current curve,
6...Rotating shaft, l...Electric motor, 7...
・Magnetic bearing, s3b...excitation coil.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotor in which a group of N-pole salient poles and a group of S-pole salient poles formed by magnets are arranged on a circumferential surface at a pitch equal to the width, and its rotating shaft, and a magnetic pole surface is connected to the salient pole surface through an air gap. Facing,
It is a U-shaped magnetic core whose magnetic poles are excited by an attached excitation coil, and the two magnetic poles are energized in the same phase as a plurality of electromagnets whose width in the rotation direction of the salient pole is equal to the salient pole width. Four electromagnets detect the positions of the rotor's salient poles and the annular fixed armature in which n sets of electromagnets arranged on the circumferential surface are arranged at a pitch of 90 degrees. A position detection device that generates a position detection signal and n sets of electromagnets are sequentially connected to the 1a
, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, etc., the subscripts a and b have a phase difference of 180 degrees in electrical angle, and 1, 2 , 3, . . . are fixed to the armature so as to serve as first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase electromagnets. 1a and 1b, respectively, depending on the signal.
The excitation coils of the electromagnets are energized, and the electromagnets (2a, 2b), (3a, 3b) are activated by the electric signals of the half-wave sections of the position detection signals of the second, third, ... phases, respectively. An energization control circuit that energizes the excitation coils of the electromagnets (electromagnets) and obtains driving torque in one direction only by the repulsive force between the salient poles and the magnetic poles, and a part of the rotating shaft mentioned above. A device is provided on a part of the rotating shaft to suppress movement in the axial direction of the rotating shaft so that the above-mentioned salient pole and the magnetic pole are kept opposed to each other by magnetic repulsion. What is claimed is: 1. An electric motor equipped with a magnetic bearing, comprising: a device for suppressing movement of the rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft;