JPH02110237A - Total heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent absorption liquid from being spattered, foul indoor air from being mixed into fresh air and make applicable for hospitals or high technology facilities by connecting the upper end and the lower end of a pair of membrane tubes with a connection tube respectively and filling absorption liquid in this enclosed passage. CONSTITUTION:A pair of membrane tubes 1 and 2 are separated from each other by a partition wall 3 and laid out so that their axial center may be oriented vertically. Both the upper end and the lower end of the paired membrane tubes 1 and 2 are connected with each other by connection tubes 4, 5 which penetrate the partition wall 3, thereby forming a ring-shaped enclosed passage. The membrane tubes are formed by a hydrophobic and porous membrane which has permeability to water vapor but against liquid. Absorbing solution, such as lithium chloride which can absorb moisture is filled in the tubes. The absorbing solution 6 filled in the tubes is adapted to circulate clockwise as indicated by the arrow. This construction exchanges total heat between the supplied open air and the exhausted indoor air by way of the absorbing solution so that the temperature and moisture of the open air may approxymate the temperature and moisture of the discharged indoor air.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is used in a ventilation system for air-conditioned offices, hotels, hospitals, factories, etc. The present invention relates to a total heat exchanger that exchanges total heat including latent heat.

[Conventional technology]

Figure 8 is a diagram showing the principle of a rotary total heat exchanger that has been conventionally used as a residual heat exchanger. Both sides of the element a in the axial direction are diametrically partitioned by partition walls b1 and b2, and the outside air taken in to one side and the indoor air to be discharged to the other side are made to flow as countercurrents, and the rotor element a
During one rotation, total heat (sensible heat and latent heat) is stored in rotor element a from one air, and this stored total heat is radiated to the other air, changing the temperature and humidity of the outside air into the room. It is designed to approximate that of air, and when the temperature and humidity of conditioned indoor air differ significantly from those of outside air, such as in summer and winter, residual heat can be recovered during air conditioning. is large, so it has a great effect in terms of energy saving.

In addition, in the total heat exchanger using the rotating rotor element a, as shown in FIG.
The rotor element a is rotated at a low speed by driving this pulley d with a motor e. Further, the air passing through the rotor cable a is blown by a block (not shown). Seals f and f are attached to the opposing parts of rotor element a and partition walls b 1 and b 2 located on both sides of rotor element a to prevent mixing of outside air and exhaust air and supply air and indoor air. .

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned conventional total heat exchanger had the following problems.

(1) If the outside air temperature is extremely low or the humidity inside rotor element a becomes high due to reasons such as stopping operation for a long time,
Hygroscopic agents such as lithium chloride dissolve, and the droplets enter the supply air.
It can get mixed into the exhaust airflow and scatter around, polluting the environment.

(2) The seals f and f between the rotor element a and the partition walls s1 and b2 on both sides of the rotor element a are not perfect, and leakage always occurs, and part of the dirty indoor air becomes fresh air. It may leak to the side, making it unusable in hospitals or high-tech facilities. Similarly, if outside air leaks to the exhaust side, the outside air block will lose power accordingly.

(3) Since it is a rotating type, compared to a stationary type, it requires a drive device, seals, etc., making it larger, increasing maintenance and inspection costs, and increasing the failure rate accordingly.

The present invention has been developed in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and since there is no scattering of the absorption liquid, there are no restrictions on where it can be used, and there is no possibility that dirty indoor air will mix with the fresh air on the intake side. It can be fully applied to industrial and high-tech facilities, and since outside air does not leak to the exhaust side, loss of outside air blowing power can be eliminated, and the structure is simple, significantly reducing maintenance and inspection costs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a total heat exchanger that is capable of increasing reliability, improving reliability, and further achieving miniaturization.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the total heat exchanger according to the present invention includes:
Membrane tubes made of a water vapor permeable membrane are arranged in pairs with their axes pointing in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower ends of the pair of membrane tubes are connected with a connecting tube. A ring-shaped closed passage is formed, and this closed passage is filled with an absorption liquid that absorbs lithium chloride group ring moisture, and one membrane tube in a pair is placed in the air supply passage, and the other membrane tube is placed in the air supply passage. are arranged in the exhaust path.

[For production]

For example, high-temperature, high-humidity outside air is placed in the air supply path, and low-temperature, high-humidity air is placed in the exhaust path.
When low-humidity indoor air flows, the absorption liquid in the membrane tube on the side of the air supply path absorbs the temperature of the outside air and water vapor, becomes high in temperature, and is diluted with moisture. On the other hand, the absorbent liquid in the membrane tube on the exhaust path side is cooled and concentrated by the indoor air due to the opposite effect. Absorbent liquid has the property that its specific gravity becomes lighter when it becomes high temperature and low concentration, and vice versa, so due to the above action, the absorbent liquid in the closed path circulates from high temperature and high humidity to low temperature and low humidity. Due to this action, total heat exchange including sensible heat and latent heat is performed between the outside air on the air supply path side and the indoor air on the exhaust path side.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 7.

FIG. 1 shows a pair of elements that are the principle configuration of a total heat exchanger according to the present invention, in which a pair of membrane tubes 1.2 are separated by a partition wall 3 and their axes are oriented in the vertical direction. The upper and lower ends of this pair of membrane tubes 1.2 are connected to the partition plate 3.
They are connected by a connecting tube 4.5 that passes through them to form a ring-shaped closed passage. The membrane tube 1.2 is made of a water vapor permeable membrane such as a hydrophobic porous membrane or an air permeable membrane that does not allow liquid to pass therethrough but allows water vapor to pass therethrough. This tube is filled with an absorbing liquid 6 such as lithium chloride that absorbs moisture.

As described above, the membrane tube 1.2 is made of a hydrophobic porous membrane, an air permeable membrane, etc. As an example, the hydrophobic porous membrane has a thickness of 100 μm and an area ratio of 25 to 85 μm.
%, and the pore diameter of these pores is 0.2%.
μm, and the inner surface of this pore is hydrophobic. The material used for this porous membrane is hydrophobic base resin, other organic materials, or non-material materials.If the material is not hydrophobic, a hydrophobic agent such as paraffin is applied to the inner surface of the pores. , or impregnated.

In this configuration, while partitioned by the partition wall 3, the effect will be described when, for example, in FIG. 1, outside air for air supply flows to the left side and indoor air for exhaust air flows to the right side.

In the summer, outside air has a higher temperature and humidity than indoor air. For this reason, the absorption liquid in the membrane tube 1 on the left side is exposed to this high temperature and high humidity air, absorbs all the heat (sensible heat + water vapor) of this air, and as the temperature rises, it also absorbs moisture and becomes diluted. . On the other hand, the absorbent liquid in the membrane tube 2 on the cloth side is exposed to indoor air that is lower temperature and lower humidity than the outside air, and becomes lower temperature than that on the left side, and also releases moisture into the air and becomes thicker. Heat is released.

As the temperature of the absorption liquid increases, and as shown in Figure 6,
Because it has the property of becoming lighter in specific gravity as it absorbs moisture and makes you tingle,
Due to the above action, the absorption liquid in the left membrane tube 1, which has absorbed all the heat when it comes into contact with the high temperature and high humidity outside air, rises due to its lower specific gravity, and the right membrane tube 1, which comes into contact with the low temperature and low humidity indoor air, rises. The absorption liquid in the tube becomes heavier in specific gravity and descends, and eventually the absorption liquid in the tube circulates clockwise as shown by the solid arrow in the figure. As a result, total heat is exchanged between the outside air that is supplied and the indoor air that is exhausted through the absorption liquid.
The temperature and humidity of the outside air are brought close to the temperature and humidity of the exhausted indoor air.

In winter, the outside air is lower in temperature and humidity than the indoor air, so the absorption liquid inside the tube circulates counterclockwise as shown by the dotted arrow in the figure.

2 and 3 show specific embodiments of the present invention, in which a plurality of membrane tubes are provided on both sides of the partition plate 6, respectively.
, lb, lc, ... and 2a.

2b, 2C1... are arranged spaced apart from each other with their axes directed in the vertical direction, and both ends of each membrane tube are connected by a connecting tube 7.8 passing through the partition plate 6 to form a membrane tube unit. A plurality of membrane tube units 9 are arranged in the front-rear direction along the partition plate 6. The upper connection tube 7 of each set of membrane tube unit 9
An absorption liquid expansion tank 10 is connected to the two, each of which is filled with absorption liquid. Reference numeral 11 denotes a duct, and within this duct 11, an air supply passage 12 is formed on the left side of the partition plate 6 and in a direction perpendicular to each membrane tube unit 9, and an exhaust passage 13 is similarly formed on the right side of the partition plate 6. ing.

In the above configuration, outside air flows through the air supply path 12 and the exhaust path 1
3, the absorption liquid is circulated in each membrane tube unit 9 according to the temperature difference and humidity difference between the two airs, and the above-mentioned outside air and indoor air circulate the absorption liquid in each membrane tube unit 9. Total heat is exchanged through the

4 and 5 show another example of the present invention, in which a plurality of left and right pairs of membrane tube units 9' are connected to connecting tubes 16.17 in left and right ducts 14.15, respectively. Each membrane tube unit 9°, which is connected and installed internally, has both ends of a large number of membrane tubes 18 molded with one molding material, so that both ends of each membrane tube 18 are opened to upper and lower headers 20 and 21, respectively. The upper and lower left and right headers 20.21 are connected to each other by connection tubes 16.17. Each header 20, 21 of each membrane tube unit 9' is separated within the duct by a dividing plate 22. and both ducts 14.1
5, the portion of the membrane tube 18 at 9° of each membrane unit serves as a supply and exhaust path.

The operation in this configuration is similar to that in each of the above examples, and the air flowing through the left and right ducts 14 and 15 undergoes total heat exchange with the absorption liquid in each membrane tube unit.

In addition, in this embodiment, in the above explanation, an example was explained in which both ends of a large number of membrane tubes are molded with the molding material 19 for each membrane tube unit 9゛. Both ends of all the membrane tubes 18 in the left and right ducts 14 and 15 are integrally molded with a molding material 19, and the upper and lower chambers in which the upper and lower ends of each membrane tube 18 are open are divided by plates. 22 to form a chamber for each unit, and each chamber may be connected to the left and right ducts by connecting tubes 16 and 17.

The total heat exchange pattern in winter in each of the above embodiments is shown in FIG. 7, and it can be seen that total heat exchange is performed very efficiently.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved: (1) Since there is no scattering of the absorbing liquid, there are no restrictions on where it can be used.

(2) Since there is no mutual leakage between the supply air and the exhaust air, there is no possibility that dirty indoor air will mix with the fresh intake air, making it suitable for hospitals and high-tech facilities.

(3) Since the supplied outside air does not leak to the exhaust side, loss of outside air blowing power can be eliminated.

(4) Since it is a stationary type, the structure is simple, and costs such as maintenance points can be significantly reduced, and reliability can be improved.

(5) Since the membrane tube is thin and the membrane surface area per volume is large, the device can be made smaller.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 7 show embodiments of the present invention.
The diagrams are diagrams explaining the basic configuration, Figures 2, 3, and 4.
5 shows different embodiments of the specific structure of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 4 are partially cutaway front views, respectively, FIGS. 3 and 5 are partially cutaway front views, Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between specific gravity and temperature and concentration of lithium chloride liquid; Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the heat exchange cycle; Figs. 8 and 9 show conventional examples; The figure is a diagram illustrating the basic configuration, and FIG. 9 is a side view showing the schematic configuration. 1.2, la, lbx 1cs-2as 2b. 2C,... 18 is a membrane tube, 3.6 is a partition plate, 4
．． 5.7.8.16.17 is a connecting tube, 11 is a duct, 12 is an air supply path, and 13 is an exhaust path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Membrane tubes made of a water vapor permeable membrane are arranged in pairs with their axes pointing in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower ends of the pair of membrane tubes are connected with a connecting tube. A ring-shaped closed circuit is formed, and this closed passage is also filled with an absorbing liquid that absorbs moisture, such as lithium chloride liquid, and one membrane tube in a pair is placed in the air supply path and the other membrane tube is placed in the air supply path. A total heat exchanger characterized by being placed in each exhaust passage.