JP2003059516A - Fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003059516A JP2003059516A JP2001251025A JP2001251025A JP2003059516A JP 2003059516 A JP2003059516 A JP 2003059516A JP 2001251025 A JP2001251025 A JP 2001251025A JP 2001251025 A JP2001251025 A JP 2001251025A JP 2003059516 A JP2003059516 A JP 2003059516A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- fuel
- rotary
- heat
- battery cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【課題】小型でありながら燃料電池に送られる空気を排
出される蒸気を用いて加湿することによって効率を改善
した燃料電池を提供しようとするものである。さらに燃
料電池の起動時にも十分な蒸気を供給することができ、
起動時の効率を高めて起動を速くすることができる燃料
電池を提供しようとするものである。
【解決手段】空気取り入れ口３に連通した管路と排気口
４に連通した管路との間で顕熱とともに潜熱を交換する
回転式湿気・熱交換器５を設け、大気を回転式湿気・熱
交換器５の放熱ゾーン７に通す前に加熱するヒーター８
を設け、運転開始時にヒーター８を動作させるとともに
回転式湿気・熱交換器５の回転を通常運転時より遅くす
るようにした。
An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell which is small in size and has improved efficiency by humidifying the air sent to the fuel cell using discharged steam. Furthermore, sufficient steam can be supplied even when the fuel cell is started,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell that can increase the efficiency at the time of start-up and speed up the start-up. A rotary moisture / heat exchanger (5) for exchanging sensible heat and latent heat between a pipeline communicating with an air intake (3) and a pipeline communicating with an exhaust (4) is provided. Heater 8 for heating before passing through heat dissipation zone 7 of heat exchanger 5
The heater 8 is operated at the start of operation, and the rotation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger 5 is made slower than at the time of normal operation.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、たとえば自動車や
非常用電源あるいは分散電源などに用いられる燃料電池
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel cell used in, for example, an automobile, an emergency power source, a distributed power source or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】燃料電池は運転に伴う環境負荷が小さい
ため近年注目を集めており、有害な排気ガス を殆ど排
出しないため市街地へも設置が可能であるため分散電源
や自動車のエネルギー源としても用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Fuel cells have been attracting attention in recent years because they have a small environmental load due to operation. Since they can be installed in urban areas because they emit almost no harmful exhaust gas, they can also be used as energy sources for distributed power sources and automobiles. It is used.
【０００３】そして燃料電池の普及のためには発電効率
をいかに高めるかが重要なポイントの一つである。この
ために電極やセパレーターの改良など種々の改良がなさ
れている。また燃料電池の効率を高めるために供給空気
を加湿すると発電効果が上がることが一般に知られてい
る。そして供給空気や燃料を加湿するために水蒸気浸透
膜用い、排気と供給空気との間で湿気の交換をしたもの
として例えば特開平６−１３２０３８号などが見られ
る。In order to popularize fuel cells, how to raise power generation efficiency is one of the important points. For this reason, various improvements such as improvements in electrodes and separators have been made. It is generally known that humidifying the supply air to increase the efficiency of the fuel cell improves the power generation effect. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-132038, for example, uses a water vapor permeable membrane for humidifying supply air or fuel and exchanges moisture between exhaust gas and supply air.
【０００４】このような水蒸気浸透膜を用いたものは、
大きな面積の水蒸気浸透膜が必要となり、燃料電池の小
型化が困難である。このために水を加熱して水蒸気を発
生させ、その水蒸気で供給空気を加湿するものも開発さ
れた。The one using such a water vapor permeable membrane is
A large-area water vapor permeable membrane is required, and it is difficult to downsize the fuel cell. For this reason, a device has been developed in which water is heated to generate steam, and the steam is used to humidify the supply air.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら加湿器を
設けると、加湿器自身が消費するエネルギーが大きく結
果として効率向上の成果が得られないという問題があ
る。However, when the humidifier is provided, there is a problem that the energy consumed by the humidifier itself is large and, as a result, the result of efficiency improvement cannot be obtained.
【０００６】本発明は小型でありながら燃料電池に送ら
れる空気を排出される蒸気を用いて加湿することによっ
て効率を改善した燃料電池を提供しようとするものであ
る。さらに燃料電池の起動時にも十分な蒸気を供給する
ことができ、起動時の効率を高めて起動を速くすること
ができる燃料電池を提供しようとするものである。The present invention seeks to provide a fuel cell that is small in size and has improved efficiency by humidifying the air sent to the fuel cell using the discharged steam. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell that can supply sufficient steam even at the time of starting the fuel cell, improve efficiency at the time of starting, and speed up the starting.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本件発明は以上のような
課題を解決するため、空気取り入れ管路と空気系排気管
路との間及び燃料取り入れ管路と前記電池セルからの燃
料系排気管路との間で顕熱とともに潜熱を交換する回転
式湿気・熱交換器を有し、大気及び燃料を回転式湿気・
熱交換器の加湿通路に通す前に加熱するヒーターを設
け、運転開始時にヒーターを動作させるとともに回転式
湿気・熱交換器の回転を通常運転時より遅くするように
した。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fuel system exhaust pipe between the air intake pipe and the air system exhaust pipe and between the fuel intake pipe and the battery cell. It has a rotary moisture / heat exchanger that exchanges latent heat with sensible heat to and from the road, and the atmosphere and fuel are rotary moisture / heat exchangers.
A heater for heating before passing through the humidifying passage of the heat exchanger was provided, and the heater was operated at the start of the operation, and the rotation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger was made slower than in the normal operation.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の請求項１に記載の発明
は、空気取り入れ管路と空気系排気管路との間及び燃料
取り入れ管路と前記電池セルからの燃料系排気管路との
間で顕熱とともに潜熱を交換する回転式湿気・熱交換器
を有し、大気あるいは燃料を回転式湿気・熱交換器の加
湿通路に通して空気あるいは燃料取り入れ管路に送るよ
うにするとともに排気を回転式湿気・熱交換器の脱湿通
路に通して大気へ放出するようにし、大気あるいは燃料
を回転式湿気・熱交換器の加湿通路に通す前に加熱する
ヒーターを設け、運転開始時にヒーターを動作させると
ともに回転式湿気・熱交換器の回転を通常運転時より遅
くしたものであり、運転開始時に回転式湿気・熱交換器
の加湿通路内に残留した水分を取り入れ空気あるいは燃
料に供給し、運転開始時点から十分な湿分を供給すると
いう作用を有する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The invention as set forth in claim 1 of the present invention includes a space between an air intake conduit and an air exhaust conduit, and a fuel intake conduit and a fuel exhaust conduit from the battery cell. It has a rotary moisture / heat exchanger that exchanges latent heat as well as sensible heat between the air and fuel by passing the atmosphere or fuel through the humidification passage of the rotary moisture / heat exchanger to the air or fuel intake pipe. Is released to the atmosphere through the dehumidifying passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger, and a heater is provided to heat the atmosphere or fuel before passing through the humidifying passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger. The rotation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger is slower than that during normal operation, and the moisture remaining in the humidification passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger is taken into the intake air or fuel at the start of operation. , Start operation It has the effect of providing sufficient moisture from the time.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下本発明の燃料電池の実施例１について図
に沿って詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の燃料電池のシ
ステム図である。１は電池セルであり、この中に電解液
や電極が設けられており、水素と空気を供給することに
よって水素と空気中の酸素とが反応し、電気を起こすも
のである。燃料電池の電池セルは一般的であるので、詳
細な説明は省略する。EXAMPLES Example 1 of the fuel cell of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a fuel cell of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a battery cell, in which an electrolytic solution and an electrode are provided, and by supplying hydrogen and air, hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the air to generate electricity. Since a battery cell of a fuel cell is general, detailed description is omitted.
【００１０】２は水素ボンベ（図示せず）やメタノール
などの燃料改質装置（図示せず）から送られる燃料（水
素）を入れる燃料取入れ口であり、３は空気を入れる空
気取入れ口である。４は排気口であり、ここから酸素の
減少した空気と蒸気とが排出される。Reference numeral 2 is a fuel inlet for receiving a fuel (hydrogen) sent from a fuel reformer (not shown) such as a hydrogen cylinder (not shown) or methanol, and 3 is an air inlet for supplying air. . Reference numeral 4 denotes an exhaust port through which oxygen-depleted air and steam are discharged.
【００１１】５は回転式湿気・熱交換器であり例えばア
ルミ箔をハニカム状に形成し、そのアルミ箔の表面にシ
リカゲル等の湿気吸着剤を担持したもので、Ｆタームの
３Ｌ０５９−ＢＡ０１に分類されるようなものである。Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotary moisture / heat exchanger, which is, for example, an aluminum foil formed in a honeycomb shape, and a moisture adsorbent such as silica gel is carried on the surface of the aluminum foil, which is classified as F Term 3L059-BA01. It is like being done.
【００１２】回転式湿気・熱交換器５は図１の矢印方向
にモーター（図示せず）によって回転駆動される。また
回転式湿気・熱交換器５は吸熱ゾーン６と放熱ゾーン７
とに分割されている。吸熱ゾーン６ではこの部分を通過
する空気系排気から潜熱と顕熱を回収し奪い、放熱ゾー
ン７ではこの部分を通過する空気へ潜熱と顕熱を与え
る。The rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5 is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown) in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5 has a heat absorption zone 6 and a heat radiation zone 7.
It is divided into and. In the heat absorption zone 6, latent heat and sensible heat are recovered and taken from the air system exhaust passing through this portion, and in the heat dissipation zone 7, latent heat and sensible heat are given to the air passing through this portion.
【００１３】この潜熱と顕熱を交換するプロセスについ
ては、上記Fタームに分類される多くの出願で公知であ
るので、ここでの説明は省略する。The process of exchanging the latent heat and the sensible heat is well known in many applications classified into the above-mentioned F-term, and the description thereof is omitted here.
【００１４】８はヒーターであり放熱ゾーン７へ入る通
路内に設けられ、放熱ゾーンへ送られる空気を加熱する
ものである。９はドレンパンであり、吸熱ゾーン６の下
に設けられ吸熱ゾーン６内で結露した水を受けるもので
ある。１０は湿度センサーであり、空気取り入れ口３に
入る前の空気の湿度を測定するものである。なお１２は
燃料系排気口である。Reference numeral 8 denotes a heater, which is provided in the passage into the heat dissipation zone 7 and heats the air sent to the heat dissipation zone. A drain pan 9 is provided below the heat absorption zone 6 and receives water condensed in the heat absorption zone 6. Reference numeral 10 denotes a humidity sensor, which measures the humidity of the air before entering the air intake 3. Reference numeral 12 is a fuel system exhaust port.
【００１５】図２は本発明の燃料電池の運転状態を示す
フローチャートである。この動作は市販のシーケンサー
やマイクロコンピューターを用いて簡単に実現すること
ができる。先ず電池セル１の動作を開始すると、ステッ
プ１で回転式湿気・熱交換器５を低速で回転させるとと
もにヒーター８に通電する。FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the operating state of the fuel cell of the present invention. This operation can be easily realized by using a commercially available sequencer or microcomputer. First, when the operation of the battery cell 1 is started, in step 1, the rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5 is rotated at a low speed and the heater 8 is energized.
【００１６】次にステップ２で電池セル１の動作開始か
ら所定時間Ｔ経過したか否か判断する。そして所定時間
Ｔ経過していないとステップ１へ戻り、回転式湿気・熱
交換器５の低速運転とヒーター８への通電を維持する。Next, in step 2, it is judged whether or not a predetermined time T has elapsed from the start of operation of the battery cell 1. If the predetermined time T has not elapsed, the process returns to step 1 to maintain the low-speed operation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger 5 and keep the heater 8 energized.
【００１７】これによってヒーター８で加熱された外気
が放熱ゾーン７を通過し、湿気吸着剤に吸着された水分
を放出する。従って外気は加湿され多湿空気となって電
池セル１の空気取り入れ口３に入る。このようにして所
定時間Ｔの間、多湿空気が電池セル１に供給され、電池
セル１の立ち上がり時に水分を供給する。ここで所定時
間Ｔを、電池セル１が十分に機能を発揮する状態になる
までの時間であるように設定する。As a result, the outside air heated by the heater 8 passes through the heat dissipation zone 7 and releases the moisture adsorbed by the moisture adsorbent. Therefore, the outside air is humidified and becomes humid air and enters the air intake port 3 of the battery cell 1. In this way, the humid air is supplied to the battery cell 1 for the predetermined time T, and water is supplied when the battery cell 1 rises. Here, the predetermined time T is set so as to be a time until the battery cell 1 is in a state where the battery cell 1 sufficiently exhibits its function.
【００１８】電池セル１の動作開始から所定時間Ｔ経過
したらステップ３に進み、回転式湿気・熱交換器５を高
速で回転させるとともにヒーター８への通電を停止す
る。この時つまり所定時間Ｔ経過後には電池セル１は十
分に機能を発揮しており、電池セル１の排気口４から酸
素の減少した高温の空気と蒸気とが排出される。After a lapse of a predetermined time T from the start of the operation of the battery cell 1, the routine proceeds to step 3, where the rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5 is rotated at a high speed and the power supply to the heater 8 is stopped. At this time, that is, after the elapse of the predetermined time T, the battery cell 1 is fully performing its function, and high-temperature air and steam with reduced oxygen are discharged from the exhaust port 4 of the battery cell 1.
【００１９】この高温の空気と蒸気が回転式湿気・熱交
換器５の吸熱ゾーン６を通過する間に、回転式湿気・熱
交換器５に熱と水分を与える。回転式湿気・熱交換器５
は高速で回転しており、放熱ゾーン７へ短時間で移行す
る。そして放熱ゾーン７で外気に熱と蒸気とを与え、高
温・多湿になった外気が空気取り入れ口３へ供給され
る。高温・多湿になった外気が電池セル１に供給される
ことによって電池セル１の発電効率が高くなる。While the hot air and steam pass through the heat absorption zone 6 of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger 5, heat and moisture are given to the rotary humidity / heat exchanger 5. Rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5
Rotates at a high speed and moves to the heat dissipation zone 7 in a short time. Then, heat and steam are given to the outside air in the heat dissipation zone 7, and the outside air that has become hot and humid is supplied to the air intake port 3. By supplying the high temperature and high humidity outside air to the battery cell 1, the power generation efficiency of the battery cell 1 is increased.
【００２０】次にステップ４に進み、湿度センサー１０
の出力ｗが所定値Ｗより大きいか否かチェックする。つ
まり空気取り入れ口３に入る空気の湿度があまり高いと
逆に電池セル１の発電効率を低下させるため、空気の湿
度を所定値Ｗ以下にする必要がある。Next, in step 4, the humidity sensor 10
It is checked whether the output w is larger than the predetermined value W. In other words, if the humidity of the air entering the air intake port 3 is too high, the power generation efficiency of the battery cell 1 is reduced, so the humidity of the air needs to be equal to or lower than the predetermined value W.
【００２１】つまり電池セル１の電気的負荷が大きく発
電量が多い時には供給空気の量が増加し、放熱ゾーン７
を出た空気の湿度が低くなり、反対に発電量が少ない時
には供給空気の量が少ないため放熱ゾーン７を出た空気
の湿度が高くなる。That is, when the electric load of the battery cell 1 is large and the amount of power generation is large, the amount of supply air increases and the heat dissipation zone 7
The humidity of the air exiting the heat dissipation zone 7 becomes low, and conversely, when the amount of power generation is small, the amount of supply air is small, so the humidity of the air exiting the heat dissipation zone 7 becomes high.
【００２２】湿度センサー１０の出力ｗが所定値以上の
場合はステップ５に進み、回転式湿気・熱交換器５の回
転を減速し電池セル１の排気からの水蒸気の回収を低下
させる。反対に湿度センサー１０の出力ｗが所定値以下
の場合はステップ６に進み、回転式湿気・熱交換器５の
回転を増速し電池セル１の排気からの水蒸気の回収を増
加させる。これによって電池セル１の運転状況に応じた
湿気と熱の供給を行うことができる。When the output w of the humidity sensor 10 is above a predetermined value, the routine proceeds to step 5, where the rotation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger 5 is decelerated to reduce the recovery of water vapor from the exhaust gas of the battery cell 1. On the contrary, when the output w of the humidity sensor 10 is less than or equal to the predetermined value, the routine proceeds to step 6, where the rotation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger 5 is accelerated to increase the recovery of water vapor from the exhaust gas of the battery cell 1. This makes it possible to supply moisture and heat according to the operating conditions of the battery cell 1.
【００２３】ステップ５あるいはステップ６で回転式湿
気・熱交換器５の回転を調整した後にステップ７へ進
み、電池セル１の運転を終了するか否か判断し、運転を
終了しない場合はステップ４へ戻り、終了する場合は終
了操作へ進む。After adjusting the rotation of the rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5 in step 5 or step 6, the process proceeds to step 7 and it is judged whether or not the operation of the battery cell 1 is to be ended. Return to, and when ending, proceed to end operation.
【００２４】以上の操作によって電池セル１に供給され
る空気は始動時から十分に加湿され、また回転式湿気・
熱交換器５を湿気と熱の交換に用いているため、湿気や
熱の媒体自身が移動し、湿気や熱の交換効率が高いため
小型の回転式湿気・熱交換器５であっても十分な湿気と
熱の交換を行うことができる。By the above operation, the air supplied to the battery cell 1 is sufficiently humidified from the start, and the rotary humidity
Since the heat exchanger 5 is used for exchanging moisture and heat, the medium of moisture or heat moves, and the efficiency of exchanging moisture or heat is high, so even a small rotary humidity / heat exchanger 5 is sufficient. It can exchange moisture and heat.
【００２５】以上説明の実施例１は空気と空気系排気と
の間で湿気・熱交換を行う例を示したが、図３に示す実
施例２のように燃料である水素と燃料系排気との間で湿
気・熱交換を行う回転式湿気・熱交換器５’を設けても
よい。ここで６’は吸熱ゾーン、７’は放熱ゾーンであ
り上記の実施例１の吸熱ゾーン６、放熱ゾーン７とそれ
ぞれ実質的に同一である。８’はヒーターであり、燃料
の水素を加熱するものである。Although the first embodiment described above shows an example in which moisture and heat are exchanged between the air and the air system exhaust, hydrogen as a fuel and the fuel system exhaust are used as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. A rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5 ′ for performing moisture / heat exchange between the two may be provided. Here, 6'is a heat absorption zone, and 7'is a heat dissipation zone, which are substantially the same as the heat absorption zone 6 and the heat dissipation zone 7 of the first embodiment. 8'is a heater, which heats hydrogen as a fuel.
【００２６】９’はドレンパンでこれも上記実施例１の
ドレンパン９と同一のものであり、湿度センサー１０’
は実施例１の湿度センサー１０と、ポンプ１１’も実施
例１のポンプ１１と実質的に同一である。またこの実施
例２のものの動作は上記実施例１のものと同一であり、
説明を省略する。Reference numeral 9'denotes a drain pan, which is also the same as the drain pan 9 of the first embodiment, and has a humidity sensor 10 '.
The humidity sensor 10 according to the first embodiment and the pump 11 ′ are substantially the same as the pump 11 according to the first embodiment. The operation of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment,
The description is omitted.
【００２７】この実施例２のものは燃料である水素が始
動時から十分に加湿され、電池セル１の効率が向上す
る。また回転式湿気・熱交換器５’を湿気と熱の交換に
用いているため、湿気や熱の媒体自身が移動し、湿気や
熱の交換効率が高いため小型の回転式湿気・熱交換器
５’であっても十分な湿気と熱の交換を行うことができ
る。In the second embodiment, hydrogen, which is a fuel, is sufficiently humidified from the start, and the efficiency of the battery cell 1 is improved. In addition, since the rotary moisture / heat exchanger 5'is used for exchanging moisture and heat, the medium of moisture and heat itself moves, and the efficiency of moisture and heat exchange is high, so a small rotary moisture / heat exchanger is used. Even at 5 ', sufficient exchange of moisture and heat can be performed.
【００２８】以上説明の実施例１は空気と空気系排気と
の間で湿気・熱交換を行い、実施例２は燃料と燃料系排
気との間で湿気・熱交換を行う例を示したが、図４に示
す実施例３のように空気と空気系排気及び燃料である水
素と燃料系排気との間で湿気・熱交換を行う回転式湿気
・熱交換器５及び５’を設けてもよい。In the first embodiment described above, moisture and heat are exchanged between the air and the air system exhaust, and in the second embodiment, moisture and heat are exchanged between the fuel and the fuel system exhaust. 4, the rotary moisture / heat exchangers 5 and 5 ′ for exchanging moisture / heat between air and air system exhaust and hydrogen as fuel and fuel system exhaust may be provided as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. Good.
【００２９】以上の各実施例では回転式湿気・熱交換器
５，５’の回転を遅くする手段として、単純に回転速度
を落とし回転を速くする手段として単純に回転速度を速
めるようにしたが、回転式湿気・熱交換器５，５’の回
転を間歇的に回転させ、停止時間を長短調整することに
よって回転速度を速くしたり、落としたりした場合と同
様の効果を得ることができる。In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the rotation speed of the rotary moisture / heat exchangers 5, 5'is slowed down simply as a means for slowing down the rotation speed. By rotating the rotary humidity / heat exchangers 5 and 5 ′ intermittently and adjusting the stop time, the same effect as when the rotation speed is increased or decreased can be obtained.
【００３０】以上の各実施例のものでも始動時の湿気の
供給が不足する場合には、ドレンパン９，９’に受けた
水を圧送するポンプ１１,１１’を設け、ドレンパン
９，９’の水を回転式湿気・熱交換器５，５’の放熱ゾ
ーン７，７’の上から滴下する構成にし、ステップ１と
ステップ２との間でポンプ１１,１１’を動作させるよ
うにすると、始動時の湿気の供給量を増加させることが
できる。Even in the case of each of the above embodiments, when the supply of moisture at the time of starting is insufficient, the drain pans 9 and 9'are provided with pumps 11 and 11 'for pumping the received water, and the drain pans 9 and 9'are provided. When water is dropped from the heat dissipation zones 7 and 7'of the rotary humidity / heat exchangers 5 and 5'and the pumps 11 and 11 'are operated between step 1 and step 2, it starts. The amount of moisture supplied can be increased.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】本発明の燃料電池は上記の如く構成した
ので、湿気の透過膜を用いて排気中の湿気を供給空気に
与えるものと比べて格段に小型化することができ、水を
熱によって気化させて供給空気を加湿するものと比較し
て格段にエネルギー消費を小さくすることができる。Since the fuel cell of the present invention is constructed as described above, it can be made much smaller than the one in which the moisture in the exhaust gas is supplied to the supply air by using the moisture permeable membrane, and the heat of the water can be reduced. The energy consumption can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where the supply air is vaporized to humidify the supply air.
【００３２】つまり、湿気や熱の媒体を移動しながら湿
気と熱とを排気から供給空気へ移動させるため、小型の
装置であっても十分な湿気と熱との交換を行うことがで
きる。また運転開始から所定時間経過した後は、排気の
湿気や熱をそのまま供給空気の加湿・加熱に用いるため
消費エネルギーが小さいものである。That is, since the humidity and heat are moved from the exhaust air to the supply air while moving the humidity and heat medium, sufficient exchange of humidity and heat can be performed even with a small device. Further, after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of operation, the consumed energy is small because the humidity and heat of the exhaust are used as they are for humidifying and heating the supply air.
【００３３】さらに本発明の燃料電池は運転開始時に
は、それ以前に運転したときに発生した水分を用いるよ
うにしているため、始動時に外部から水を供給する必要
がなく、維持管理が容易である。Further, since the fuel cell of the present invention uses the water generated when the fuel cell was started before the start of operation, it is not necessary to supply water from the outside at the time of start and the maintenance is easy. .
【００３４】しかも電池セルの始動時や負荷の状態な
ど、運転状況に応じて湿気の供給を制御することがで
き、最適な加湿量とすることによって電池セルの発電効
率を最適にすることができる。Moreover, the supply of moisture can be controlled according to the operating conditions such as the start-up of the battery cell and the state of load, and the power generation efficiency of the battery cell can be optimized by setting the optimum humidification amount. .
【図１】本発明の燃料電池の実施例１を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of a fuel cell of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の燃料電池の動作を示すフローチャート
である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the fuel cell of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の燃料電池の実施例２を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the fuel cell of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の燃料電池の実施例３を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing Example 3 of the fuel cell of the present invention.
１ 電池セル ２ 水素取入れ口 ３ 空気取入れ口 ４ 空気系排気口 ５、５’ 回転式湿気・熱交換器 ６、６’ 吸熱ゾーン ７、７’ 放熱ゾーン ８、８’ ヒーター ９、９’ ドレンパン １０、１０’‘湿度センサー １１、１１’ ポンプ １２ 燃料系排気口 1 battery cell 2 Hydrogen inlet 3 Air intake 4 Air system exhaust port 5, 5'Rotary moisture / heat exchanger 6,6 'heat absorption zone 7,7 'heat dissipation zone 8,8 'heater 9,9 'drain pan Humidity sensor 11, 11 'pump 12 Fuel system exhaust port
Claims (6)
れ管路と前記電池セルからの空気系排気管路との間で顕
熱とともに潜熱を交換する回転式湿気・熱交換器を有
し、大気を前記回転式湿気・熱交換器の加湿通路に通し
て空気取り入れ管路に送るようにするとともに空気系排
気を回転式湿気・熱交換器の脱湿通路に通して大気へ放
出するようにし、大気を前記回転式湿気・熱交換器の加
湿通路に通す前に加熱するヒーターを設け、前記電池セ
ルの運転状況に応じて前記ヒーターと前記回転式湿気・
熱交換器の運転を制御するようにした燃料電池。1. A rotary moisture / heat exchanger for exchanging latent heat as well as sensible heat between a battery cell and an air intake conduit for the battery cell and an air system exhaust conduit for the battery cell. , Through the humidification passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger to the air intake pipe and release the air system exhaust to the atmosphere through the dehumidification passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger. A heater for heating the atmosphere before passing through the humidification passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger, and the heater and the rotary humidity / heater depending on the operating condition of the battery cell.
A fuel cell that controls the operation of a heat exchanger.
れ管路と前記電池セルからの燃料系排気管路との間で顕
熱とともに潜熱を交換する回転式湿気・熱交換器を有
し、燃料を前記回転式湿気・熱交換器の加湿通路に通し
て燃料取り入れ管路に送るようにするとともに燃料系排
気を回転式湿気・熱交換器の脱湿通路に通して大気へ放
出するようにし、燃料を前記回転式湿気・熱交換器の加
湿通路に通す前に加熱するヒーターを設け、前記電池セ
ルの運転状況に応じて前記ヒーターと前記回転式湿気・
熱交換器の運転を制御するようにした燃料電池。2. A rotary moisture / heat exchanger for exchanging sensible heat and latent heat between a battery cell, a fuel intake pipe to the battery cell, and a fuel system exhaust pipe from the battery cell. , So that the fuel is sent to the fuel intake pipe through the humidification passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger, and the fuel system exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere through the dehumidification passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger. And a heater for heating the fuel before passing through the humidifying passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger, and the heater and the rotary humidity / heater depending on the operating condition of the battery cell.
A fuel cell that controls the operation of a heat exchanger.
れ管路と前記電池セルからの空気系排気管路との間で顕
熱とともに潜熱を交換する第１回転式湿気・熱交換器
と、前記電池セルへの燃料取り入れ管路と前記電池セル
からの燃料系排気管路との間で顕熱とともに潜熱を交換
する第２回転式湿気・熱交換器を有し、大気を前記第１
回転式湿気・熱交換器の加湿通路に通して空気取り入れ
管路に送るようにするとともに空気系排気を第１回転式
湿気・熱交換器の脱湿通路に通して大気へ放出するよう
にし、燃料を前記第２回転式湿気・熱交換器の加湿通路
に通して燃料取り入れ管路に送るようにするとともに燃
料系排気を第２回転式湿気・熱交換器の脱湿通路に通し
て大気へ放出するようにし、大気を前記第１回転式湿気
・熱交換器の加湿通路に通す前に加熱する第１ヒーター
とを設け、燃料を前記第２回転式湿気・熱交換器の加湿
通路に通す前に加熱する第２ヒーターを設け、前記電池
セルの運転状況に応じて前記第１及び第２ヒーターと前
記第１及び第２回転式湿気・熱交換器の運転を制御する
ようにした燃料電池。3. A first rotary humidity / heat exchanger for exchanging latent heat as well as sensible heat between a battery cell and an air intake conduit for the battery cell and an air system exhaust conduit for the battery cell. A second rotary humidity / heat exchanger for exchanging sensible heat and latent heat between the fuel intake pipe to the battery cell and the fuel system exhaust pipe from the battery cell,
The humidification passage of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger is sent to the air intake pipe, and the air system exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere through the dehumidification passage of the first rotary humidity / heat exchanger. The fuel is sent through the humidification passage of the second rotary humidity / heat exchanger to the fuel intake pipe, and the fuel system exhaust is passed through the dehumidification passage of the second rotary humidity / heat exchanger to the atmosphere. A first heater for heating the atmosphere before passing through the humidifying passage of the first rotary humidity / heat exchanger, and passing the fuel through the humidifying passage of the second rotary humidity / heat exchanger A fuel cell that is provided with a second heater for heating in advance and controls the operation of the first and second heaters and the first and second rotary humidity / heat exchangers according to the operating status of the battery cells .
させるとともに回転式湿気・熱交換器の回転を通常運転
時より遅くした請求項１又は請求項２又は請求項３記載
の燃料電池。4. The fuel cell according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the heater is operated only when the operation of the battery cell is started, and the rotation of the rotary moisture / heat exchanger is slower than in the normal operation.
より遅くする手段として回転速度を低下させた請求項４
記載の燃料電池。5. The rotation speed is lowered as a means for slowing the rotation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger as compared with the normal operation.
The fuel cell described.
通常運転時より遅くする手段として回転を間歇回転とし
た請求項４記載の燃料電池。6. The fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the rotation of the rotary humidity / heat exchanger total heat exchanger is intermittent rotation as a means for slowing the rotation of the total heat exchanger compared to the normal operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001251025A JP4708623B2 (en) | 2001-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001251025A JP4708623B2 (en) | 2001-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003059516A true JP2003059516A (en) | 2003-02-28 |
| JP4708623B2 JP4708623B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
Family
ID=19079739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001251025A Expired - Lifetime JP4708623B2 (en) | 2001-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4708623B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006244786A (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-14 | Kawamura Electric Inc | Fuel cell |
| JP2007517365A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2007-06-28 | インテリジェント エナジー リミテッド | Fuel cell direct water injection |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02110237A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-04-23 | Komatsu Ltd | Total heat exchanger |
| JPH06132038A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-05-13 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| JPH0861729A (en) * | 1994-08-26 | 1996-03-08 | Kankyo:Kk | Total heat exchange ventilator |
| JPH10176842A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-30 | Seibu Giken:Kk | Air conditioner |
| JP2000182648A (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-30 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Solid polymer fuel cell system and information recording medium |
| JP2000357530A (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2000-12-26 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
-
2001
- 2001-08-22 JP JP2001251025A patent/JP4708623B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02110237A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-04-23 | Komatsu Ltd | Total heat exchanger |
| JPH06132038A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-05-13 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| JPH0861729A (en) * | 1994-08-26 | 1996-03-08 | Kankyo:Kk | Total heat exchange ventilator |
| JPH10176842A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-30 | Seibu Giken:Kk | Air conditioner |
| JP2000182648A (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-30 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Solid polymer fuel cell system and information recording medium |
| JP2000357530A (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2000-12-26 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007517365A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2007-06-28 | インテリジェント エナジー リミテッド | Fuel cell direct water injection |
| US8277998B2 (en) | 2003-12-31 | 2012-10-02 | Intelligent Energy Limited | Water management in fuel cells |
| US8609288B2 (en) | 2003-12-31 | 2013-12-17 | Intelligent Energy Limited | Water management in fuel cells |
| JP2006244786A (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-14 | Kawamura Electric Inc | Fuel cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4708623B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20220149396A1 (en) | A fuel cell vehicle thermal management system with cold start function and control method thereof | |
| US6936359B2 (en) | Apparatus for warming-up fuel cell | |
| US8216736B2 (en) | Fuel cell system using evaporative cooling method | |
| JP2000111096A (en) | Desiccant air conditioning system | |
| JP2011098710A (en) | Air conditioner of electric automobile and control method thereof | |
| CN108615911A (en) | A kind of vehicle fuel battery hydro-thermal management system and its control method | |
| CN1314154C (en) | Method and apparatus for humidification and temp. control of incoming fuel cell process gas | |
| JP2001167779A (en) | Fuel cell system for car | |
| CN107627808B (en) | A vehicle dehumidification and cooling device | |
| KR101420595B1 (en) | Desiccant air conditioner | |
| KR101328584B1 (en) | Tri-gen system | |
| JP2007255780A (en) | Desiccant air conditioning system utilizing solar energy | |
| JP3821031B2 (en) | Desiccant air conditioning system | |
| JP4708623B2 (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JP5623962B2 (en) | Air conditioning system | |
| CN106765704A (en) | Double caloic coupled solar hot-air type vapo(u)rization systems and its method | |
| KR101811981B1 (en) | Air conditioner with waste heat reuse function | |
| JP4414110B2 (en) | Dehumidifying air conditioner | |
| JPH0942709A (en) | Desiccant air conditioner | |
| KR20160067610A (en) | Using a fuel cell heat recovry drying unit and its dry method | |
| CN207345431U (en) | Dehumidifying and cooling device for vehicle | |
| JP2002224529A (en) | Dehumidifying air conditioner | |
| KR101695645B1 (en) | Sub power apparatus for car using a PEM FC | |
| CN215496821U (en) | A high temperature aging system for dehumidification unit steam condensate recovery heating lithium battery | |
| CN114135949B (en) | PEMFC jointly supplied fresh air purification, dehumidification and humidification device and its control method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070619 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20101214 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20101221 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110215 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20110315 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20110317 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4708623 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |