JPH01239298A - Construction of waterbottom tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive the economical construction with no influence of the nature of the soil and depth by using a construction building capsule, provided with respectively a segment assembly device in the inside and a tunnel constructing lead out part in the back part, and extruding a tunnel constructing shell, built by a segment, to be buried by protecting banking. CONSTITUTION:A tunnel constructing lead out part 11 is provided in the back part of a capsule A closing the front face, and buoyancy is adjusted by a pumping and draining tank 13 in a peripheral double formed wall 12. A segment assembly device B is built in the capsule A, while a stable blade and backfilling nozzles 27, 28 are provided in the external surface. Next the capsule A is set up in a preopened burying groove, and a segment C is built by the device B, forming a tunnel constructing shell D. The constructing shell D is extruded by a propelling jack 22, and propelling the capsule A by reaction force of the extrusion while releasing backfilling sand 38 from the nozzles 27, 28, burying earth and sand 46 are successively banked up the outside of the constructing shell.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underwater tunnel, which constructs a tunnel having a cylindrical tunnel shell in which segments are assembled on the underwater floor.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, methods for constructing underwater tunnels can be roughly divided into two methods: a shield construction method using a shield excavator like a normal tunnel, and an immersed box construction method in which a submerged box is submerged and buried.

In the shield construction method, a cylindrical ring is divided into multiple segments, which are assembled into a cylindrical shape immediately after the tunnel excavation machine, and the assembled tunnel shell takes up a reaction force to propel the tunnel excavation machine.

The Mana immersed box construction method involves manufacturing a large number of cylindrical immersed boxes at a caisson manufacturing yard on the water or on land, and closing both ends of the boxes. After the tunnels are sunk, each submerged box is connected and then filled with embankment to form a buried tunnel.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Among the conventional construction methods described above, the shield construction method requires a certain amount of cover when excavation is progressing with a shield excavator. In other words, in order for the excavated tunnel to remain stable, the surrounding earth pressure needs to be constant, and if the excavation location is shallow from the ground surface, the excavated tunnel wall will collapse and excavation will become impossible. Otherwise, there is a problem that uneven force is applied to the cylindrical shell made of segments and the transverse shell is deformed.This causes the slope that has to be dug deep and becomes long. There was a problem in that it required a lot of land reclamation, making it uneconomical.

Also, the geology of the other mountain where the tunnel will be excavated is too soft.
If the excavation occurs in a rock-like area, that part must be excavated using a different method, which poses problems such as being uneconomical.

On the other hand, in the immersed box construction method, the immersed boxes are manufactured in a dog or an above-ground caisson manufacturing yard, so a large-area dog or an above-ground caisson manufacturing yard is required, and the immersed boxes manufactured are several tens of meters long. It has to be a large container such as this, and it costs a lot of money to manufacture it. In addition, immersed boxes are transported by towing at sea, and burying them requires precision in direction and position, but work at sea is greatly affected by the weather, and transportation and burying operations are very dangerous. There were problems such as the closure of ocean shipping routes and the negative impact on ships navigating the sea.

The present invention overcomes these conventional problems and can be constructed on the surface of underwater ground without being affected by geology or depth, and does not require large-scale equipment such as immersed boxes or offshore work. The purpose of this project is to provide a method for constructing underwater tunnels that can be constructed economically without the need for

(Means for Achieving the Object) The method for constructing an underwater tunnel of the present invention, which solves the conventional problems as described above and achieves the intended purpose, is characterized by having a segment assembly device inside and a cylindrical tube at the back. It has a tunnel shell lead-out part that leads out the m-shaped tunnel shell while maintaining watertightness,
In addition, a capsule for shell assembly is used, which has stabilizing wings that protrude diagonally downward on both sides of the outer surface, and has backfilling nozzles that eject backfilling sand toward the back outside the front bottom and outside the rear bottom. , the capsule is installed in a burial trench cut and formed in advance at the planned tunnel construction location, the segments for the tunnel side shell are sequentially assembled into a cylindrical tunnel side shell within the capsule, and the assembled tunnel side shell is It is extruded from the capsule, the capsule is propelled by the reaction force, and at the same time as the backfilling sand is ejected from the backfilling nozzle under the capsule and under the tunnel tree shell to perform backfilling, and then it is assembled sequentially. The purpose is to bury the entire tunnel shell installed in the burial trench with protective embankment.

(Function) In this method of constructing an underwater tunnel, segments are assembled in a capsule to form a tunnel shell, which is extruded, and the capsule is propelled by the reaction force.

At this time, by discharging the backfilling sand outside the curved part of the capsule, the sand is filled under the stabilizing blade, and the capsule is propelled on top of the sand laid on the bottom of the burial trench. There is no need to smooth the bottom surface.

At the same time, backfilling sand is also filled outside the bottom of the tunnel side shell where the remaining segments are assembled, so the tunnel shell is installed with its bottom or top buried in the sand. A protective embankment is placed on top, and uniform external pressure is applied from around the circle toward the center.

(Example) Next, an example of implementation of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, the capsule for shell assembly used in the present invention will be explained. This capsule A has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and the front side is closed and the back side is open, forming a tunnel construction and lead-out section 11. The peripheral wall 12 of this capsule A has a double wall structure, and between the inner and outer walls there is a water inlet tank 13, which is adjusted so that the buoyancy of water injected into the interior becomes a slightly negative value. I'm trying to do it.

A segment assembly device B is incorporated in the capsule portion. This segment assembly device 213 is one of the capsules.
The cuff has a support shaft 14 protruding from the center of the 11-sided wall portion 13a in the direction of the cylindrical axis of the cell A, and a rotating cylinder 15 is mounted on the outer periphery of the support shaft 14 so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction. It is supported and reciprocated in the axial direction by a Jatu'r16, and a reducer 18 and a gear 19 are driven by a motor 17.
It's supposed to be rotated through. The rotating cylinder 15 has
A telescoping arm 21 having a hand link head 20 at its tip capable of absorbing and lifting the segment C is protruded.

A large number of propulsion jacks 22, 22, .

A pair of sealing materials 23, which are expanded by injection of liquid, are provided on the inner surface of the rear end of the shell outlet portion 11 at the back of the capsule A.
23 are continuously fixed in a double arrangement in the same direction.

Further inside this sealing material 23, a sealing slide ring 24 is fitted so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction while maintaining watertightness against the inner surface of the capsule A. A pair of sealing materials 25, 25, which expand when liquid is injected in the same manner as described above, are fixed in a continuous double arrangement in the same direction. Note that 29 in the figure is a sliding sealing material made of an elastic material.

On the outer surface of the capsule A, stabilizing wings 26.26 are continuously provided in the axial direction and protrude in a radial arrangement downward at 45 degrees at both ends thereof, and on the outer side of the front end of the capsule A. Under the stabilizing wings 26, 26 (generally, a plurality of backfilling nozzles 27, 27 for under the capsule are provided toward the back side), and the stabilizing wings 26 outside the rear end of the capsule A
．． A plurality of backfilling nozzles 2 for under the tunnel side shell are installed on the lower side of 26.
8.28... is provided.

Next, construction of an underwater tunnel using the capsule A described above will be explained.

First, using a civil engineering work machine such as an underwater bulldozer, the underground trench 31 is excavated and formed in the ground 30 at the planned location where the tunnel is to be constructed using the woodworking method. A capsule A is installed in this chamber 31, a segment C is carried into the capsule portion, and the segment C is assembled into a cylindrical shape by a segment assembly device B to form a tunnel side shell. Between the segments C, a convex portion 32 is formed on one side and a concave portion 33 on the other side as shown in Fig. 6 in the circumferential direction and in Fig. 7 in the width direction, and the depth of the concave portion 33 is deeper than the height of the portion 32 so that a grout void 34 is formed therein;
Injection holes 35 preformed in the grout voids 34
Inject more mortar and connect them to make them watertight. In addition, for convenience of assembly, a portion of the circumferential direction is formed with alternating step portions 36a and 36b at the end portions, as shown in FIG. 8, so that a grout gap 37 is formed by joining them to each other. Then, mortar is injected through the injection hole 35 to maintain watertightness.

The tunnel side shell formed by sequentially assembling the segments C in the capsule part in this way is attached to the propulsion jack 22.
Each time a row of rings is assembled in the circumferential direction, the capsule A is pushed out due to the reaction force during this pushing out.
promote.

In addition, at the start of assembly using this capsule A, a continuous buried trench 31 is left on land, and a reaction wall (
(not shown) may be used to support the end of the tunnel shell to obtain a reaction force for propulsion, or the starting end of the tunnel lateral shell according to the present invention may be attached to the end of a tunnel constructed by other construction methods. It is also possible to make them consecutive.

In addition, when propelling capsule A, in order to maintain watertightness between capsule A and the tunnel side shell,
Oil is injected into the pair of sealing materials 23 and 23 of the rear end fill to expand them, thereby providing watertightness.
In this state, the slide ring 24 is moved forward, and then at the 11tI advanced position of the slide ring 24, oil is injected into the sealing material 25.25 on the inner surface of the slide ring 24 to expand it, thereby creating a 0-7+ fl ffl seal that provides watertightness. Drain the oil inside the material 23.23 and separate it from the outer surface of the tunnel shell.

When the capsule A is propelled in this state, the slide ring 24 moves relative to the capsule A while watertightness is maintained by the sealing material 25. In this way, the sealing materials 23 and 25 can be moved alternately, and the slide ring 2
4 to propel capsule A while maintaining watertightness.

In this way, while propelling the capsule A, the backfilling sand 38 is sent out in the form of a slurry mixed with water, for example, from the backfilling nozzles 27 and 28, and the capsule A is propelled as if it were floating on the sand, and at the same time The lower part of the tunnel shell is buried in the tunnel 31 with backfilling sand 38.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1, in the tunnel side shell that is to be assembled in sequence, a weight embankment 40 is piled up at the bottom to create a working road bed 41, and on top of that is a track for carrying in materials such as segments. 42 will be installed. Further, the segment C is carried in by being placed on a truck 43 on a track 42, and then carried to the forefront by a hoist 45 running along a ceiling rail 44 installed on the ceiling of the tunnel structure.

Further, as the capsule A advances, buried earth 46 is successively filled outside the tunnel side shell, and the tunnel side shell is buried in the groove 31.

(Effects of the Invention) The method for constructing an underwater tunnel of the present invention is configured as described above, and the capsule is advanced while sequentially backfilling its lower side, so that the bottom surface of the burial trench has some unevenness. Even if there is a tunnel, it is propelled as if it were floating on sandy soil, making it easy to make trenches because smoothness is not required when forming the sand, and the tunnel shell made of segments is constructed underwater rather than in the ground.
Because the external force is applied uniformly, a stable state can be maintained.
Moreover, since it does not involve excavation using a shield tunneling machine, tunnels can be constructed economically and cleanly regardless of the ground.

Furthermore, since there is no need to manufacture large concrete structures in advance like immersed boxes, there is no need for extensive transportation or construction! This eliminates the need for construction work, is less affected by the weather, and makes it possible to construct underwater tunnels economically in a short period of time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the constructed state, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. , Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the completed state, Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the structural shell lead-out part, and Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are sectional views of the joined states of the segments at different positions. be. A Capsule B Segment assembly "AWC segment D Tunnel shell 11... Shell lead-out part, 12... Surrounding wall,
12a... Curved wall portion, 13... Filling and draining tank, 14... Support shaft, 15... Swivel tube, 16... Jacket. , 17... Motor, 18... Speed reducer, 19... Gear,
20...Handling head, 21...
・Extendable arm, 22... Propulsion jack, 23
...Sealing material, 24...Slide ring, 25...Sealing material, 26...Stabilizing blade, 27...Capsule bottom backfilling Nozzle, 28・
...Backfilling nozzle under the side shell, 2...Sliding seal material, 30...Ground, 31...Burning trench, 32... - Convex portion, 33... Concave portion, 34... Grout void, 35... Injection hole, 36a, 36b... Step portion, 37...
... Grout void, 40 ... Embankment for weight,
41...Road bed, 42...Railway, 43.
...Script, 44...Ceiling rail, 45.
...Hoist. Patent Applicant New Construction Technology Co., Ltd. Figure 2 1? 8C Figure 3 1t 27 38

Claims (1)

[Claims] It has a segment assembly device inside, a tunnel shell lead-out part on the back that leads out the cylindrical tunnel shell while maintaining watertightness, and stabilizing wings that protrude diagonally downward on both sides of the outer surface. A capsule for shell assembly is used, which has a backfilling nozzle that spouts backfilling sand toward the back outside the front bottom and outside the rear bottom, and the capsule is used in a burial trench cut and formed in advance at the planned tunnel construction location. The segments for the tunnel shell are sequentially assembled into a cylindrical tunnel shell within the capsule, the assembled tunnel shell is pushed out of the capsule, and the capsule is propelled by the reaction force, and the capsule is propelled. At the same time, backfilling sand is ejected from the backfilling nozzle under the capsule and under the tunnel shell to perform backfilling, and then the entire tunnel shell, which is sequentially assembled and installed in the burial trench, is filled with protective embankment. This is a method of constructing an underwater tunnel.