JP7599454B2 - オレフィンセパレータを含まないliイオンバッテリ - Google Patents
オレフィンセパレータを含まないliイオンバッテリ Download PDFInfo
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- JP7599454B2 JP7599454B2 JP2022093193A JP2022093193A JP7599454B2 JP 7599454 B2 JP7599454 B2 JP 7599454B2 JP 2022093193 A JP2022093193 A JP 2022093193A JP 2022093193 A JP2022093193 A JP 2022093193A JP 7599454 B2 JP7599454 B2 JP 7599454B2
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- ceramic separator
- separator layer
- ceramic
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 43
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 178
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 146
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 194
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 54
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 26
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910003405 Li10GeP2S12 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910002984 Li7La3Zr2O12 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910012305 LiPON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012448 Lithium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000921 lithium phosphorous sulfides (LPS) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017089 AlO(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001673391 Entandrophragma candollei Species 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Description
、若しくはアクダライト(5Al2O3・H2O))、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、二酸化チタン(TiO2)、SiS2、SiPO4、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)、酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)、MgO、TiO2、Ta2O5、Nb2O5、LiAlO2、BaTiO3、BN、イオン伝導性ガーネット、イオン伝導性ペロブスカイト、イオン伝導性アンチペロブスカイト、多孔性ガラスセラミックなど、又はこれらの組み合わせから選択されうる。1つの実施態様では、セラミック材料は、多孔性酸化アルミニウム、多孔性-ZrO2、多孔性-SiO2、多孔性-MgO、多孔性-TiO2、多孔性-Ta2O5、多孔性-Nb2O5、多孔性-LiAlO2、多孔性-BaTiO3、イオン伝導性ガーネット、イオン伝導性アンチペロブスカイト、多孔性ガラス誘電体、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択された材料である。セラミックセパレータ層130は、結合剤を含まないセラミック層である。いくつかの実施態様では、セラミックセパレータ層130は、多孔性酸化アルミニウム層である。
、又はアクダライト(5Al2O3・H2O)の形態をとる。理論に拘束されるものではないが、水酸化酸化アルミニウムが熱力学的に安定しているだけでなく、水素結合が、セラミックセパレータ層の電極の表面への結合強度の改善にも役立つ。
Claims (18)
- バッテリのためのセパレータを形成する方法であって、
処理領域に配置された第1の電極構造の表面及び第2の電極構造の表面に堆積される金属材料を蒸発プロセスにさらして、蒸発した金属材料を形成することであって、前記金属材料がアルミニウム(Al)である、蒸発した金属材料を形成することと、
前記第1の電極構造の前記表面に第1のセラミックセパレータ層を形成し、前記第2の電極構造の前記表面に第2のセラミックセパレータ層を形成するために、前記処理領域に反応性ガスを流入させることであって、
酸素を水蒸気にさらして、湿った酸素を形成することと、
前記湿った酸素を前記処理領域に導入することと
を含む、反応性ガスを流入させることと、
前記反応性ガスと蒸発した前記金属材料とを反応させて、前記第1の電極構造の前記表面に前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層を堆積し、前記第2の電極構造の前記表面に前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層を堆積することと
を含み、前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層が非多孔性材料を含み、前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層が多孔性材料を含む、
方法。 - 前記セラミックセパレータ層が、水酸化酸化アルミニウム層である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記蒸発プロセスが、熱蒸発プロセス又は電子ビーム蒸発プロセスである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記蒸発プロセスが、前記金属材料を摂氏1300度と摂氏1600度との間の温度にさらすことを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層及び前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層が、1ナノメートルから3000ナノメートルの範囲の厚さを有している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記厚さが、10ナノメートルから500ナノメートルの範囲である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 湿式コーティング技術を使用して、前記第1の電極構造と前記第2の電極構造の少なくとも一方のエッジにセラミックエッジコーティングを堆積すること
を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記セラミックエッジコーティングを堆積することが、前記第1の電極構造と前記第2の電極構造の前記少なくとも一方の前記表面に堆積される前記金属材料をさらす前に行われる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記セラミックエッジコーティングを堆積することが、前記第1の電極構造の前記表面に前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層を堆積し、前記第2の電極構造の前記表面に前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層を堆積した後に行われる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の電極構造が負電極である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の電極構造が正電極である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層と前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層の少なくとも一方の上にゲルポリマー層を堆積することを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電極構造を形成する方法であって、
処理領域に配置された負電極の表面及び正電極の表面の上に堆積される金属材料を、熱蒸発プロセス又は電子ビーム蒸発プロセスにさらして、蒸発した金属材料を形成することであって、前記金属材料がアルミニウム(Al)である、蒸発した金属材料を形成することと、
前記処理領域に反応性ガスを流入させることであって、
前記負電極の前記表面に第1のセラミックセパレータ層を形成し、前記正電極の前記表面に第2のセラミックセパレータ層を形成するために、酸素を水蒸気にさらして、湿った酸素を形成することと、
前記湿った酸素を前記処理領域に導入することと
を含む、反応性ガスを流入させることと、
前記反応性ガスと前記蒸発した金属材料とを反応させて、前記負電極の前記表面上に前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層を堆積し、前記正電極の前記表面上に前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層を堆積することと、
を含み、前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層が非多孔性材料を含み、前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層が多孔性材料を含む、
方法。 - 前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層が非多孔性のリチウムイオン伝導性材料を含み、前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層が多孔性のリチウムイオン伝導性材料を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記負電極が、グラファイト又はケイ素含有グラファイトから構成される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルポリマー層が、前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層と前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層との間に挟まれた1つ又は複数のゲルポリマー層を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記正電極が、層間化合物、挿入化合物、又は電気化学的に活性なポリマーから構成される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のセラミックセパレータ層と前記第2のセラミックセパレータ層の少なくとも一方の上にゲルポリマー層を堆積することを更に含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
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