JP7312632B2 - 光学素子および液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
光学素子および液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7312632B2 JP7312632B2 JP2019131794A JP2019131794A JP7312632B2 JP 7312632 B2 JP7312632 B2 JP 7312632B2 JP 2019131794 A JP2019131794 A JP 2019131794A JP 2019131794 A JP2019131794 A JP 2019131794A JP 7312632 B2 JP7312632 B2 JP 7312632B2
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- liquid crystal
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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Description
<液晶回折格子(光学素子)100の構造>
以下に図1~図8を用いて、実施の形態1における光学素子の一例として、液晶回折格子100の構造を説明する。
実施の形態1における液晶回折格子100では、櫛歯状の枝電極UE1と面状の下部電極LEとが異なる層に形成されている。電圧印加時において、液晶層LQ1の液晶分子は、基板SUB1または基板SUB2の上面と平行な方向、すなわちX方向とY方向とで構成される水平面と平行な方向に回転する。
変形例1では、実施の形態1で説明した液晶回折格子100を、表示装置DSPの一部の部材として適用している。
図10は、実施の形態1における表示装置(電気光学装置、液晶表示装置)DSPを示す断面図である。表示装置DSPは、パネルPNL、配線板FWBおよび回路基板CBを主構成として有する。また、実施の形態1における表示装置DSPは、バックライトユニットBLUおよびカメラモジュールなどを含む電子機器(例えばスマートフォン、タブレット端末機器またはモニタ)として定義されることもある。
以下に図12~図15を用いて、実施の形態2における光学素子の一例として、液晶回折格子200について説明する。なお、以下では、実施の形態1との相違点について主に説明する。
変形例2では、実施の形態2で説明した液晶回折格子200を、表示装置DSPの一部の部材として適用している。表示装置DSPの構造は、変形例1と同じである。
以下に図17~図20を用いて、実施の形態3における光学素子の一例として、液晶回折格子300について説明する。なお、以下では、実施の形態2との相違点について主に説明する。また、図17~図20の主旨は、実施の形態2における図12~図15の主旨と同様である。
変形例3では、実施の形態3で説明した液晶回折格子300を、表示装置DSPの一部の部材として適用している。表示装置DSPの構造は、変形例1と同じである。
11、12、15 絶縁膜(無機絶縁膜)
13、14 絶縁膜(有機絶縁膜)
100、200、300 液晶回折格子(光学素子)
AL1~AL4 配向膜
BLU バックライトユニット
BM 遮光膜
BR バリア膜
BS 裏面
CB 回路基板
CE 共通電極
CFB、CFG、CFR カラーフィルタ
CML コモン信号線
CVM カバー部材
DA 表示領域
DSP 表示装置(電気光学装置、液晶表示装置)
FS 表面
FWB 配線板
GL ゲート線
IF 絶縁膜
IL 入射光
L 反時計回り方向
LE 下部電極
LQ1、LQ2 液晶層(電気光学層)
LQM 液晶分子
NDA 非表示領域
NTR 非透過領域
OCA 接着層
OD1~OD4 偏光板
OL1、OL2 出射光(回折光)
PE 画素電極
PFA 周辺領域
PNL パネル
PS 電源制御部
PZ 平坦化膜
R 時計回り方向
SL ソース線
SLM1~SLM3 シール材
SUB1~SUB6 基板
SW スイッチ素子
TM1 端子
TN 偏光変換素子(液晶層)
TR 透過領域
UE 上部電極
UEa 連結部
UE1、UE2 枝電極
Claims (8)
- それぞれが順番に積層された第1偏光板と、第1基板と、第1液晶層と、第2基板と、第2偏光板とを有し、
前記第1基板は、第1電極と、前記第1電極に対向する第2電極とを有し、
前記第2電極は、複数の枝電極と、前記複数の枝電極を接続する連結部とを有し、
平面視において、前記複数の枝電極は、第1方向に延在し、且つ、前記第1方向と直交する第2方向に配列されると共に、前記連結部は、前記第2方向に延在し、
前記第2電極に電圧が印加されていない場合、前記第1液晶層の液晶分子の配向方向は、前記第1方向または前記第2方向に沿う方向であり、
前記第1偏光板の透過軸および前記第2偏光板の透過軸は、互いに平行であり、且つ、前記液晶分子の配向の方向と平行である、液晶回折格子を構成する光学素子。 - 請求項1に記載の光学素子において、
前記第1液晶層はネガ液晶からなり、
前記第2電極に電圧が印加されていない場合の前記液晶分子の配向方向は、前記第2方向に沿う方向であり、
前記第2電極に電圧が印加されている場合、前記第1液晶層の前記液晶分子の配向方向は、前記第2方向において連続的に変化している、光学素子。 - 請求項1に記載の光学素子において、
前記第1液晶層はポジ液晶からなり、
前記第2電極に電圧が印加されていない場合の前記液晶分子の配向方向は、前記第1方向に沿う方向であり、
前記第2電極に電圧が印加されている場合、前記第1液晶層の前記液晶分子の配向方向は、前記第2方向において連続的に変化している、光学素子。 - 請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の光学素子において、
前記第1偏光板と前記第1基板との間に、偏光を90度回転させる機能を有する偏光変換素子を更に有する、光学素子。 - 請求項4に記載の光学素子において、
前記偏光変換素子は、第3基板と、第2液晶層と、第4基板とを有し、
TN(Twisted Nematic)型の液晶パネルである、光学素子。 - 請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の光学素子において、
前記第2方向における1つの前記第2電極の幅と、前記第2方向において隣接する2つの前記第2電極の間の距離との和で定義されるピッチは、前記第2方向上で部分的に異なっている、光学素子。 - 請求項1~6の何れか1項に記載の光学素子において、
前記第1基板には、複数のカラーフィルタ、および、可視光が透過できない性質を有する遮光膜が設けられていない、光学素子。 - 請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の光学素子を備える液晶表示装置であって、
第5基板、第3液晶層および第6基板の順に積層された液晶表示パネルと、
バックライトユニットと、
を有し、
前記第5基板は、カラーフィルタと、遮光膜とを含み、
前記光学素子は、前記液晶表示パネルと前記バックライトユニットとの間に設けられている、液晶表示装置。
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