JP7237336B2 - Cutting machine - Google Patents

Description

Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act applies Sales location: Panasonic Eco Technology Center Co., Ltd. Sales date: May 13, 2018

The present invention relates to a cutting machine used for cutting various objects.

2. Description of the Related Art As a cutting machine used for cutting various objects such as industrial waste, there is a conventional apparatus as shown in Patent Document 1. In this method, an upper movable blade is vertically moved by a fluid pressure cylinder with respect to a lower fixed blade, and an object is cut by being sandwiched between the fixed blade and the movable blade.

JP-A-7-223110

By the way, in a cutting machine having a fixed blade and a movable blade as shown in Patent Document 1, if the movable blade moves only in the vertical direction with respect to the fixed blade and does not move in any other direction, Since the state when the fixed blade and the movable blade pass each other is always constant, high cutting performance is maintained, which is ideal. However, in reality, as long as it is movable, there are clearances and rattling between members, so movement in directions other than the vertical direction cannot be completely eliminated. Therefore, there is a demand for a movable blade having a structure capable of moving in the vertical direction while suppressing movement in other directions as much as possible.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has a movable blade that can move up and down with respect to a fixed blade. The object is to provide a resulting cutting machine.

The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a fixed blade, a movable blade that can move up and down with respect to the fixed blade, and a guide portion that guides the movement of the movable blade, and the movable blade is a pair of left and right blades. The clamped portion extends vertically and has a front slidable surface and a rear slidable surface. One of the front sliding contact surface and the rear sliding contact surface is inclined with respect to the left-right direction so as to taper , and the other is parallel with the left-right direction. The clamped portion is clamped from the front and rear so as to be vertically slidable, and includes a front contact portion contacting the front sliding contact surface from the front side and a rear contact contacting the rear sliding contact surface from the rear side. and a pressing portion that presses at least one of the front contact portion and the rear contact portion against the clamped portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the movable blade is positioned behind the fixed blade, the rear sliding contact surface is inclined with respect to the left-right direction, and the front sliding contact surface is inclined with respect to the left- right direction. is parallel to the left-right direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the front sliding contact surface is a surface recessed rearward with respect to the front surface of the movable blade, and the left and right front sliding contact surfaces are positioned on the same plane. It is characterized by

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the pressing portion includes a front pressing portion that presses the front contact portion against the front sliding contact surface, and a rear contact portion that presses the rear contact portion against the rear sliding contact surface. It is characterized by having a post-pressing part for pressing.

According to the invention of claim 1 of the present invention, the gripped portion of the movable blade is tapered toward the left and right ends, and the gripped portion is gripped and pressed from the front and rear by the guide portion. Therefore, the movable blade is subjected to forces from both the front and rear sides and to the left and right inward directions at the gripped portions at the left and right ends. As a result, the movement of the movable blade in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is suppressed, and high cutting performance is obtained. Further, since either the front sliding contact surface or the rear sliding contact surface is parallel to the left-right direction, the movable blade can be accurately positioned in the front-rear direction by the parallel surface.

According to the invention of claim 2 of the present invention, since the front sliding contact surface of the movable blade on the side of the fixed blade is parallel to the left-right direction, it is easy to position the fixed blade on the basis of the position in the front-rear direction. It's becoming

According to the invention of claim 3 of the present invention, since the front surface of the movable blade is recessed so that the left and right front sliding contact surfaces are positioned on the same plane, the movable blade is positioned in the front-rear direction. It has higher accuracy.

According to the invention of claim 4 of the present invention, since the pressing portion has the front pressing portion and the rear pressing portion, it becomes easy to adjust the position of the movable blade in the front-rear direction.

3(a) is a cross-sectional view of the movable blade portion of the cutting machine (a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3(a)); FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the right end of FIG. 1; The whole cutting machine is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the entire cutting machine (cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3(a));

Specific contents of the cutting machine of the present invention will be described below. This cutting machine can be used to cut various objects, but here, an example of a cutting machine used to cut industrial wastes made of various materials such as metals and resins is taken. In the following, the front side indicates the left side in FIG. 3(b), the rear side indicates the right side in FIG. 3(b), and the left and right sides indicate the left and right in FIG. 3(a).

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this cutting machine includes a front frame 4a and a rear frame 4b provided at the front and rear, and a gate-shaped frame provided between the front frame 4a and the rear frame 4b. A body 5 is provided. The front pedestal 4a and the rear pedestal 4b are of the same size, and each of them has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped frame structure, and plate members are provided on the upper surface and the left and right surfaces to increase strength. The frame body 5 is composed of left and right side wall portions 51 and beam portions 52 extending horizontally across upper ends of the side wall portions 51 . The side wall portion 51 has a vertically elongated substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is composed of an inner wall portion 511, a front wall portion 512, a rear wall portion 513, an upper wall portion 514, and a lower wall portion 515, and is box-shaped with openings toward the outside on the left and right. is. Inside the box-shaped side wall portion 51, a plurality of reinforcing plates 516 extending in the front-rear direction from the front wall portion 512 to the rear wall portion 513 are arranged vertically to increase the strength. The beam portion 52 is plate-shaped, and is placed and fixed on the upper wall surface portions 514 of the side wall portions 51 . The rear end portion of the front mount 4a is connected to the front surface (front wall surface portion 512) of the side wall portion 51 of the frame 5, and the front end portion of the rear mount 4b is connected to the rear surface (rear wall surface portion) of the side wall portion 51 of the frame 5. 513).

A loading conveyor 6a extending in the front-rear direction is provided on the front mount 4a. A discharge conveyor 6b extending in the front-rear direction is provided on the rear mount 4b. Further, an auxiliary discharge conveyor 6c extending back and forth is provided below the discharge conveyor 6b inside the rear frame 4b. The input conveyor 6a, the discharge conveyor 6b, and the auxiliary discharge conveyor 6c are all belt conveyors composed of pulleys 61 arranged in the front and rear and rubber belts 62 wound around the pulleys 61. A pulley 61 rotates in a direction to move the object from front to back. In addition, guide walls 63 extending in the front-rear direction are provided on the left and right sides of the feeding conveyor 6a and the discharging conveyor 6b so as to prevent the transported objects from falling off. The auxiliary discharge conveyor 6c has a pulley 61 with a diameter smaller than that of the input conveyor 6a and the discharge conveyor 6b. ing.

The frame 5 is provided with a fixed blade 1 , a movable blade 2 that can move up and down with respect to the fixed blade 1 , and a guide portion 3 that guides the movement of the movable blade 2 . The fixed blade 1 is positioned slightly forward of the center of the frame 5 in the front-rear direction, and the upper surface of the fixed blade 1 is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the rubber belt 62 of the input conveyor 6a. In addition, the movable blade 2 is positioned substantially in the center of the frame 5 in the front-rear direction, i.e., on the rear side of the fixed blade 1, and is separated from the fixed blade 1 when raised (the state indicated by the solid line in FIG. 4). When it is lowered (the state indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 4), it passes the fixed blade 1 and cuts the object. Further, the guide portion 3 is provided on the inner side surface in the left-right direction of the inner wall portion 511 of the side wall portion 51 of the frame 5 . Each will be described in more detail below.

First, the fixed blade 1 will be explained. A fixed blade support plate 53 is provided between the left and right side wall portions 51 at a position slightly forward of the center in the front-rear direction of the lower portion of the frame 5 . The fixed blade support plate 53 has a shape in which the lower side of a rectangle is notched into a trapezoidal shape. I have The height of the upper surface of the fixed blade support plate 53 is substantially the same as the height of the front mount 4a and the rear mount 4b. An inclined plate 54 is provided on the rear surface of the fixed blade support plate 53 . The inclined plate 54 has a plate-like shape that is inclined downward toward the rear side, and closes the gap between the fixed blade support plate 53 and the auxiliary discharge conveyor 6c from above. The fixed blade 1 is placed on the fixed blade support plate 53 and fixed by bolting from above.

The fixed blade 1 has a block-shaped fixed blade main body 11 of substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The height of the fixed blade main body 11 is substantially the same as the height of the input conveyor 6a, that is, the upper surface of the input conveyor 6a and the upper surface of the fixed blade main body 11 are also substantially the same height. The fixed blade main body 11 has an upper rear portion cut out in a rectangular shape, and a blade 12 is attached to this portion. The cutting tool 12 has a rectangular cross-sectional plate-like shape extending left and right, is bolted to the fixed blade body 11 from the rear side, and has a cutting edge on the upper rear side. The blade 12 has a symmetrical shape in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction, and can be mounted on the fixed blade main body 11 by reversing it in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction.

Next, the movable blade 2 will be explained. Two substantially U-shaped motor bases 241 are arranged side by side on the beam portion 52 of the frame 5 when viewed from the front, and the motors 24 are provided on the motor bases 241 respectively. The front and rear surfaces of the motor base 241 are covered with plate members, which are shown through the plate members in FIG. 3(a). The motor 24 is provided so that its rotating shaft faces vertically downward, and the ball screw 25 is attached via a reduction gear 242 positioned above the motor base 241 and a coupling 243 positioned inside the motor base 241. be. The ball screw 25 includes a screw shaft 251 and a nut 252 , and the screw shaft 251 is coaxial with the rotating shaft of the motor 24 . The screw shaft 251 passes through the beam portion 52, and an upper bearing 253 is provided in the through portion. A lower bearing 254 fixed to the side wall portion 51 is provided at the lower end portion of the screw shaft 251 . The screw shaft 251 is supported by these upper bearing 253 and lower bearing 254 . A nut 252 screwed onto the screw shaft 251 is fixed to the movable blade 2 via a jig 255 . Therefore, when the screw shaft 251 of the ball screw 25 rotates together with the rotating shaft of the motor 24, the nut 252 moves up and down, and the movable blade 2 moves up and down accordingly. At this time, the two motors 24 operate synchronously.

The movable blade 2 has a vertically oriented flat plate-like movable blade main body 21, and as shown in FIGS. In FIG. 2, the ball screw 25 and the jig 255 are omitted). The movable blade main body 21 has a lateral width slightly shorter than the inner dimensions of the left and right side wall portions 51 of the frame 5, and the upper side thereof is notched in a substantially rectangular shape, and the lower side thereof extends to the right when viewed from the horizontal direction. It slopes upwards. A lower front portion of the movable blade main body 21 is cut out in a rectangular shape, and a blade 22 is attached to this portion. The cutting tool 22 is a plate-like member having a rectangular cross section and extending left and right. It should be noted that the blade 22 has a symmetrical shape in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction, similarly to that of the fixed blade 1, and can be attached to the movable blade main body 21 by reversing it in the vertical direction and in the front-rear direction. All can be used as cutting points.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the movable blade 2 is bilaterally symmetrical when viewed from above, and has a pair of left and right gripped portions 23 formed at both ends thereof. The clamped portion 23 extends vertically along the left and right sides of the movable blade main body 21 and has a front sliding contact surface 23a and a rear sliding contact surface 23b. The front sliding contact surface 23a is a surface slightly recessed rearward with respect to the front surface of the movable blade main body 21, and is a surface parallel to the left-right direction. Located in On the other hand, the rear sliding contact surface 23b is a surface inclined with respect to the horizontal direction so as to taper toward the left and right ends.

Next, the guide portion 3 will be described. The guide portions 3 are provided as a left and right pair on the left and right inner surfaces of the inner wall surface portion 511 of the left and right side wall portions 51 of the frame body 5 corresponding to the left and right clamped portions 23 of the movable blade 2, A front contact portion 31a and a rear contact portion 31b are provided, and a front pressing portion 32a and a rear pressing portion 32b are provided as pressing portions for pressing the front contact portion 31a and the rear contact portion 31b against the pinched portion 23, respectively. . The front contact portion 31a and the rear contact portion 31b are block-shaped and extend vertically. is located above the The front contact portion 31a has a substantially square shape when viewed from the top, and is positioned in front of the front sliding contact surface 23a of the pinched portion 23 of the movable blade 2. An oilless type slide plate is provided on the rear surface of the front contact portion 31a. 311a is provided and fixed by screwing from the rear side. The rear surface of the front contact portion 31a provided with the slide plate 311a is parallel to the front sliding contact surface 23a. Further, the rear contact portion 31b has a substantially trapezoidal shape when viewed from above, and is positioned behind the rear sliding contact surface 23b of the clamped portion 23 of the movable blade 2. The front surface of the rear contact portion 31b has an oilless type A slide plate 311b is provided and fixed by screwing from the front side. The front surface of the rear contact portion 31b provided with the slide plate 311b is parallel to the rear sliding contact surface 23b. The left-right outer side surfaces of the front contact portion 31 a and the rear contact portion 31 b are in contact with the left-right inner side surface of the inner wall surface portion 511 . In the inner wall surface portion 511, a plurality of longitudinally long long holes 517 are arranged vertically and formed at positions corresponding to the front contact portion 31a and the rear contact portion 31b. Anchor bolts embedded in the contact portions 31b pass through the elongated holes 517 and are screwed with nuts from the outside in the left-right direction. Therefore, the front contact portion 31a and the rear contact portion 31b are movable back and forth within the range of the longitudinal length of the long hole 517, respectively. Further, the front pressing portion 32a extends vertically in substantially the same range as the front contacting portion 31a, and has a configuration in which a plurality of ribs 322a are arranged vertically on the front surface of the plate member 321a. It is fixed by bolting from the outside to the inner side surface in the left-right direction of the surface portion 511 . A pressing bolt 323a is screwed onto the plate member 321a from the front side. The pressing bolt 323a passes through the plate member 321a and the tip thereof contacts the front surface of the front contact portion 31a. The rear pressing portion 32b has a shape symmetrical to the front pressing portion 32a, has a plate member 321b and ribs 322b, and the tip of the pressing bolt 323b contacts the rear surface of the rear contacting portion 31b.

According to such a guide portion 3, by screwing the pressing bolt 323a of the front pressing portion 32a, the front contact portion 31a is pushed rearward, and the rear surface of the front contact portion 31a provided with the slide plate 311a is By abutting the front sliding contact surface 23a of the clamped portion 23 of the movable blade 2 from the front side and further screwing the pressing bolt 323a, the front contacting portion 31a is pressed against the front sliding contact surface 23a. Further, by screwing the pressing bolt 323b of the rear pressing portion 32b, the rear contacting portion 31b is pushed forward, and the front surface of the rear contacting portion 31b on which the slide plate 311b is provided faces the sandwiched portion 23 of the movable blade 2. The rear contact portion 31b is pressed against the rear sliding contact surface 23b by coming into contact with the rear sliding contact surface 23b from the rear side and screwing in the pressing bolt 323b. However, even when the front contact portion 31a and the rear contact portion 31b are pressed, the movable blade 2 can move up and down because of the slide plates 311a and 311b. In this way, the front contact portion 31a and the rear contact portion 31b of the guide portion 3 clamp the clamped portion 23 of the movable blade 2 from the front and rear in a state of being slidable up and down.

The force acting on the movable blade 2 when the clamped portion 23 of the movable blade 2 is clamped between the front contact portion 31a and the rear contact portion 31b is indicated by arrows in FIG. That is, since the front sliding contact surface 23a of the clamped portion 23 and the rear surface of the front contact portion 31a are parallel to each other in the horizontal direction, the rearward pressing force Fa by the front pressing portion 32a acts on the movable blade 2 as it is. On the other hand, the rear sliding contact surface 23b of the clamped portion 23 and the front surface of the rear contact portion 31b are inclined with respect to the left-right direction in a direction in which the clamped portion 23 tapers toward the left and right ends. The forward pressing force Fb by the pressing portion 32b is resolved into a vertical force and a horizontal force with respect to the rear sliding contact surface 23b. Among them, the vertical force acts on the movable blade 2, and the force is decomposed into a forward force Fb1 and a laterally inward force Fb2. In this way, by receiving the forces Fa and Fb1 from both the front and rear sides by the front and rear contact portions 31a and 31b, the movable blade 2 is restrained from moving in the front and rear direction. By receiving the force Fb2 from both sides, the movable blade is restrained from moving in the horizontal direction.

Next, the operation of this cutting machine will be described. An object input from the front side of the cutting machine is conveyed to the input conveyor 6a and moved to the rear side. When the object moves to the positions of the fixed blade 1 and the movable blade 2, the movable blade 2 descends and passes the fixed blade 1 to cut the object. Of the cut objects, those larger than the gap between the movable blade 2 and the discharge conveyor 6b are conveyed to the discharge conveyor 6b. Objects smaller than the gap between the movable blade 2 and the discharge conveyor 6b fall through the gap, slide down on the inclined plate 54, and are conveyed to the auxiliary discharge conveyor 6c. Both are discharged from the rear side of the cutting machine. The operation of the movable blade 2 (motor 24), the input conveyor 6a, the discharge conveyor 6b, and the auxiliary discharge conveyor 6c is controlled by a control panel (not shown). The operation of each device may be sequentially operated by an operator, or may be automatically controlled by a predetermined program.

According to the cutting machine constructed in this manner, the clamped portion 23 of the movable blade 2 is tapered toward the left and right ends, and the clamped portion 23 is clamped and pressed by the guide portion 3 from the front and rear. Therefore, the movable blade 2 is subjected to forces from both the front and rear sides and to the left and right inward directions at the pinched portions 23 at the left and right ends. As a result, the movement of the movable blade 2 in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is suppressed, and high cutting performance is obtained. Further, since the front sliding contact surface 23a of the clamped portion 23 is parallel to the left-right direction, the movable blade 2 can be accurately positioned in the front-rear direction by this surface. Furthermore, since the left and right front sliding contact surfaces 23a are formed by denting the front surface of the movable blade main body 21 by cutting or the like so as to be positioned on the same plane, the positioning accuracy of the movable blade 2 in the front-rear direction is high. It is higher.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, in the gripped portion of the movable blade, the front sliding contact surface may be inclined with respect to the left-right direction, and the rear sliding contact surface may be parallel with the left-right direction. Moreover, both the front sliding contact surface and the rear sliding contact surface may be inclined with respect to the left-right direction. may be Furthermore, the pressing portion may be provided only on one of the front and rear sides, and the other contact portion (the front contact portion or the rear contact portion) may be fixed to the frame. Even in this case, by pressing with the pressing portion provided on one side, the pinched portion of the movable blade receives a reaction force from the contact portion on the other side, so that the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained. can get. Also, the number of motors may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the object to be cut so as to achieve an appropriate cutting capacity. Further, instead of the motor and ball screw configuration, a fluid pressure cylinder (such as a hydraulic cylinder) may be used to move the movable blade up and down. Also, the conveyor may be longer to accommodate the cutting of long objects. Furthermore, a plurality of conveyors may be arranged side by side. In addition, there may be no auxiliary discharge conveyor, or there may be no one or both of the input conveyor and the discharge conveyor. It may be configured (including the case where no conveyor is provided) for ease of use.

Reference Signs List 1 fixed blade 2 movable blade 23 pinched portion 23a front sliding contact surface 23b rear sliding contact surface 3 guide portion 31a front contact portion 31b rear contact portion 32a front pressing portion 32b rear pressing portion

Claims (4)

A fixed blade, a movable blade that can move up and down with respect to the fixed blade, and a guide part that guides the movement of the movable blade,
The movable blade has a pair of right and left gripped portions, the gripped portions extend vertically and have a front sliding contact surface and a rear sliding contact surface. one of the front sliding contact surface and the rear sliding contact surface is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and the other is parallel with the horizontal direction so that the tapering toward the left and right ends,
The guide portion clamps the clamped portion of the movable blade from the front and back in a vertically slidable state, and includes a front contact portion contacting the front sliding contact surface from the front side and the rear sliding contact surface. A cutting machine, comprising: a rear contact portion that contacts a surface from the rear side; and a pressing portion that presses at least one of the front contact portion and the rear contact portion against the clamped portion. The movable blade is positioned behind the fixed blade,
2. The cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein said rear sliding contact surface is inclined with respect to the lateral direction, and said front sliding contact surface is parallel with the lateral direction. 3. The front slidable contact surface is a surface recessed rearward with respect to the front surface of the movable blade, and the left and right front slidable contact surfaces are positioned on the same plane. cutting machine. The pressing portion has a front pressing portion that presses the front contact portion against the front sliding contact surface, and a rear pressing portion that presses the rear contact portion against the rear sliding contact surface. 4. Cutting machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3.

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