JP7190590B2 - プログラム可能な生体構造及びフロー撮像を有する超音波撮像デバイス - Google Patents
プログラム可能な生体構造及びフロー撮像を有する超音波撮像デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP7190590B2 JP7190590B2 JP2021559111A JP2021559111A JP7190590B2 JP 7190590 B2 JP7190590 B2 JP 7190590B2 JP 2021559111 A JP2021559111 A JP 2021559111A JP 2021559111 A JP2021559111 A JP 2021559111A JP 7190590 B2 JP7190590 B2 JP 7190590B2
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Description
[0001] 超音波イメージャのトランスデューサは、撮像されるターゲットに向かって超音波ビームを送信し、反射した波形からの信号は、画像を作成するために使用される。組織から反射した波形は、観察されている生体構造の画像を形成するために使用される一方、血流、フロー速度及び方向は、電子的制御下でドップラーシフト原理を使用して測定される。
[0002] 添付の図面は、本明細書で説明される原理の様々な例を示すものであり、本明細書の一部である。示される例は、単なる例示のために提供され、特許請求の範囲を限定するものではない。
[0042] 本発明は、撮像デバイスに関し、より具体的には、フロー及び生体構造撮像を実行する能力を有するポータブルハンドヘルド超音波撮像デバイスに関する。
Claims (19)
- 基板上に形成された圧電素子のアレイを含むトランスデューサを含む撮像デバイスであって、各圧電素子は、
前記基板から懸架された少なくとも1つの膜と、
前記膜上に配置された少なくとも1つの下部電極と、
前記下部電極上に配置された少なくとも1つの圧電層と、
前記少なくとも1つの圧電層上に配置された少なくとも1つの上部電極と
を含み、隣接する圧電素子は、互いに音響的に分離され、
圧電素子間の分離は、圧電素子間の相互作用を分離するために圧電素子間に位置決めされた少なくとも1つのトレンチによって達成され、
圧電素子間の分離は、前記基板及び膜を覆うインピーダンス整合材料の使用によって達成され、前記膜の下の材料は、前記基板の残りの部分における材料と比べて異なる音響インピーダンスを有する、撮像デバイス。 - 前記基板は、隣接する圧電素子間のクロストークを妨げるために薄層化される、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 特定用途向け集積回路(ASIC)と、
前記ASICに面する前記トランスデューサの表面上に配置されたバッキング層と
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。 - 各圧電素子は、複数の振動モードを呈するように構成される、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 各圧電素子は、最初に送信モードにされ、及びその後、前記送信モードから、エコーを受信するための受信モードにされるように構成される、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 連続波(CW)ドップラー撮像を可能にするために、前記アレイの第1の圧電素子は、連続的に送信モードであるように構成される一方、前記アレイの第2の圧電素子は、連続的に受信モードであるように構成される、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- Aスキャン、Bスキャン、Cスキャン、又はドップラー撮像の少なくとも1つである撮像モードを実行するように構成されたコントローラをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 前記ドップラーモード及びBモードについて、前記圧電素子のアレイの少なくとも一部から送信される音響電力を前記コントローラにより電子的に調整することにより、同じ数の電源が使用される、請求項7に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 各圧電素子からの電力は、マルチレベル送信パルサー出力の適切なレベルを使用することによって調整可能に構成される、請求項8に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 音響出力電力は、前記送信に参加している素子の数を電子的に調整することによって調整可能に構成される、請求項9に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 前記Bモード及びドップラーモードは、撮像モードについて同じ電源を使用しながら、特定の音響電力レベル及び特定のメカニカルインデックスを維持する、請求項7に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 3D空間におけるビーム操作能力のための操作構造をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- より良好な信号視覚化のためにドップラー角度を最適化するための、3D空間におけるビーム操作のための操作構造をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 少なくとも1つの圧電素子は、少なくとも2つのサブ素子を含み、前記少なくとも2つのサブ素子は、第1のサブ素子が送信することができる一方、第2のサブ素子が受信することができるように有効にされる、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 前記撮像デバイスの方位角方向焦点、仰角方向焦点又は開口サイズの1つ又は複数を変更するための回路をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
- 基板上に形成されたトランスデューサ素子のアレイを含む音響トランスデューサを含む撮像デバイスであって、
各トランスデューサ素子は、
前記基板から懸架された少なくとも1つの膜と、
少なくとも1つの下部電極と、
前記膜上及び前記下部電極上に配置された少なくとも1つの上部電極と、を含み、
隣接するトランスデューサ素子は、互いに音響的に分離され、
前記トランスデューサ素子は、
第1のサブ素子及び第2のサブ素子であって、前記第1のサブ素子が送信した後に前記第2のサブ素子が受信するようにプログラム可能であり又は前記第1のサブ素子による送信と前記第2のサブ素子による受信とを同時にするようにプログラム可能である前記第1のサブ素子及び前記第2のサブ素子と、
少なくとも2つのトレンチであって、各トレンチは前記基板の両側に位置し且つ前記サブ素子の間のクロストーク分離を提供するように構成される、少なくとも2つのトレンチと、を有する、
撮像デバイス。 - 撮像方法であって、
圧電素子のアレイから第1の複数の圧電素子及び第2の複数の圧電素子を選択するステップであって、各圧電素子が、撮像デバイスにおける様々な撮像モードを制御する制御回路に相互に接続される、選択するステップであって、
前記第1及び第2の複数の圧電素子は、基板上に形成され、
前記第1及び第2の複数の圧電素子は
前記基板から懸架された少なくとも1つの膜と、
前記膜上に配置された少なくとも1つの下部電極と、
前記下部電極上に配置された少なくとも1つの圧電層と、を含み、
隣接する圧電素子が互いに音響的に分離され、
少なくとも2つのトレンチであって、各トレンチは前記基板の両側に位置する、少なくとも2つのトレンチが、前記第1の複数の圧電素子の少なくとも1つ及び前記第2の複数の圧電素子の少なくとも1つの間のクロストーク分離を提供するように構成され、
前記アレイの第1の列の圧電素子は、各々がそれぞれの送信ドライバ又は単一の送信ドライバに接続された前記少なくとも1つの圧電層上に配置された第1の上部電極を有し、
前記アレイの第2の列の圧電素子は、受信回路に接続された前記少なくとも1つの圧電層上に配置された第2の上部電極を有する、選択するステップと、
超音波撮像を実行するステップであって、
前記第1の複数の圧電素子で信号を送信するステップと、
前記第2の複数の圧電素子で信号を受信するステップと、
前記受信した信号が同位相になるように前記受信した信号を調整するステップと、
前記受信した信号から走査線を形成するステップと、
超音波撮像で得られた複数の走査線から、Aスキャン、Bスキャン、Cスキャン、ドップラー撮像のうちの1つの撮像モードのフレームを形成するステップであって、前記フレームが完成した後に撮像モードは同一であり又は異なる撮像モードに切り替えられる、形成するステップと、
によって超音波撮像を実行するステップと、
を含む、撮像方法。 - 前記第1の複数の圧電素子及び前記第2の複数の圧電素子を選択するステップは、ハウジング内の前記圧電素子の二次元(2D)アレイを形成し、前記圧電素子は行及び列に配列され、
前記制御回路は、前記様々な撮像モードの制御のための前記圧電素子に隣接して収納される特定用途向け集積回路(ASIC)を含み、
前記アレイの前記第1の列内の前記圧電素子は、それぞれの送信ドライバに接続され、
前記アレイの前記第2の列内の前記圧電素子は、それぞれの受信増幅器に接続される、請求項17に記載の撮像方法。 - 前記トランスデューサを収納するポータブルハウジングと、
前記ポータブルハウジング内の特定用途向け集積回路(ASIC)と、
前記ASICに結合的に接続されるコントローラと、を備え、
前記コントローラは、
圧電素子の前記アレイから、撮像モードに関連する送信チャネルを形成するための信号を送信するための規定の第1の複数の圧電素子を選択するステップと、
圧電素子の前記アレイから、前記撮像モードに関連する受信チャネルを形成するための信号を受信するための規定の第2の複数の圧電素子を選択するステップと、
前記撮像モードで得られた複数の数の走査線からフレームを形成するステップであって、前記フレームが完成した後に前記撮像モードは同一であり又は異なるモードに切り替えられる、形成するステップと、
により前記撮像モードを実行する、
請求項1に記載の撮像デバイス。
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