JP7050810B2 - 造粒体状断熱材およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
造粒体状断熱材およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7050810B2 JP7050810B2 JP2019559396A JP2019559396A JP7050810B2 JP 7050810 B2 JP7050810 B2 JP 7050810B2 JP 2019559396 A JP2019559396 A JP 2019559396A JP 2019559396 A JP2019559396 A JP 2019559396A JP 7050810 B2 JP7050810 B2 JP 7050810B2
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- Prior art keywords
- granulated
- silicon dioxide
- granules
- granulated body
- opacifier
- Prior art date
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Description
米国特許仮出願第60/99749号明細書(US 006099749 A)には、圧縮前にアンモニアで処理された親水性シリカを含有する微細圧縮組成物の製造方法が開示されている。
その際、測定したのは、試料の面積によって圧縮応力へと換算できる50%圧縮ひずみ時の圧縮力であり、
σ50=F50/A
式中、σ50は、圧縮ひずみε=50%の際の圧縮応力(Pa)であり、F50は、測定された圧縮力(N)であり、Aは、被検体の断面積(m2)(本ケースではA=0.04m2)である。
その際、圧縮ひずみεは、荷重方向に測定した、被検体(この場合は、本発明による造粒体からなる層)の厚さ減少の、その初期厚さに対する比率と定義される。
好ましくは、IR乳白剤を、炭化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、二酸化ジルコニウム、イルメナイト、チタン酸鉄、酸化鉄、ケイ酸ジルコニウム、酸化マンガン、グラファイト、カーボンブラック、およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選択する。乳白剤の粒径は、通常、0.1~25μmである。
好ましくは、本発明の造粒体を、断熱混合物および/または断熱配合物において使用できる。
a)親水性二酸化ケイ素を少なくとも1つのIR乳白剤と混合するステップ、
b)ステップa)で得られた混合物を造粒体へと高密度化するステップ、
c)ステップb)で製造された造粒体を、200~1200℃の温度において熱処理するステップ、
d)ステップc)で得られた熱処理された造粒体を疎水化剤で疎水化するステップ
を含む、方法(A)である。
a)親水性二酸化ケイ素を少なくとも1つのIR乳白剤と混合するステップ、
b)ステップa)で得られた混合物を造粒体へと高密度化するステップ、
c)ステップb)で製造された造粒体を、アンモニアで処理するステップ、
d)ステップc)で得られたアンモニアで処理された造粒体を疎水化剤で疎水化するステップ
を含む、方法(B)である。
比較例1~3
混合
炭化ケイ素Silcar G14(ESK-SiC GmbH)20重量%と、ジメチルジクロロシランで疎水化したシリカAEROSIL(登録商標)R974(BET=200m2/g、製造会社:EVONIK Resource Efficiency GmbH)80重量%とを、Minox社のプラウシェアミキサーPSM 300HN/1MKを用いて混合した。
先に製造したAEROSIL(登録商標)R974と炭化ケイ素との混合物を、Grenzebach社の高密度化ローラ(Vacupress VP 160/220)で高密度化した。その際、生成物のタップ密度を、接触圧、ローラ回転数、および印加する負圧によって調整した。
BepexのローラコンパクタPharmapaktor L200/50Pを用いて、先に高密度化した混合物を、続いてもう一度、取り扱いやすい造粒体へと圧縮した。その際、回転数、接触圧、および真空を適切に調整した。
望みの画分を得るべく、圧縮造粒体をまず、メッシュサイズ3150μmの振動ふるいミル(製造会社FREWITT)に供給して粒径上限を調整し、この上限を超える粒子を分離した。続いて、粒子画分の望みの分別、例えば、200~1190μmまたは1190~3150μmの分別を行った。それには、Sweco、LS18S型の振動ふるいを使用した。
市販の疎水化エアロゲル造粒体(製造会社Cabot、製品名Enova IC3120、粒径0.1~1.2mm)を、未処理のまま、別の材料と同一条件下に分析した(表1を参照)。
混合
炭化ケイ素1000F(Carsimet)(製造会社:Keyvest社)20重量%と、親水性シリカAEROSIL(登録商標)300(BET=300m2/g、製造会社:EVONIK Resource Efficiency GmbH)80重量%とを、Minox社のプラウシェアミキサーPSM 300HN/1MKを用いて混合した。
先に製造したAEROSIL(登録商標)300と炭化ケイ素との混合物を、Grenzebach社の高密度化ローラ(Vacupress VP 160/220)で高密度化した。その際、得られた造粒体のタップ密度は、接触圧、ローラ回転数、および印加する負圧によって調整した。印加した真空は、絶対圧300mbar未満であった。ローラ回転数は5rpmであり、押圧は2000Nであった。
続く熱硬化は、Schroeder Industrieoefen GmbH社のチャンバキルンXR 310の中で行った。それには、高さ5cmまでの、層を有する複数層を温度プログラムで処理した。温度勾配は、950℃の目標温度まで300K/h、保持時間は3hであり、次いで、取り出すまで試料を冷却(能動冷却は行わない)した。
熱硬化させた造粒体の最終的な疎水化を、気相による高めた温度において行った。そのために、疎水化剤として、ヘキサメチルジシラザン(HMDS)を蒸発させ、国際公開第2013/013714号(WO 2013/013714 A1)の例1の方法に準拠して、負圧法で行った。試料をデシケータ中で100℃超へと加熱してから真空にした。続いて、ガス状HMDSをデシケータ中へと送り込んで、圧力を300mbarへと上昇させた。試料を空気ですすいだ後、その試料をデシケータから取り出した。
望みの画分を得るべく、熱硬化させた造粒体をまず、メッシュサイズ3150μmの振動ふるいミル(製造会社FREWITT)に供給して粒径上限を調整し、この上限を超える粒子を分離した。続いて、粒子画分の望みの分別、例えば、200~1190μmまたは1190~3150μmの分別を行った。それには、Sweco、LS18S型の振動ふるいを使用した。
超音波測定は、Horiba社のRetsch Horiba LA-950 Laser Particle Size Analyzer装置を用いて行った。測定方法:ミー散乱理論、測定範囲:0.5~5000μm。類似の方法が、国際公開第2014001088号(WO 2014001088 A1)に記載されている。分析装置のスリットが詰まらないように、2500μm超の粒子を手作業でふるい分けるというやり方で、測定前に試料を前処理した。試料量としては、それぞれ1g(レーザ減衰に応じて)を使用した。各試料の二重測定を行い、続いて平均値を計算した。測定は、良好な繰り返し性を示した。組み込まれた超音波標準フィンガー(Ultraschall-Standard-Finger)の超音波強度は、出力の制御はできず、持続時間のみ調整できる。測定は、室温において間欠的に行った。評価するのは、測定系列の開始時および各時間後のd50値である。表1にまとめた値「US(20s)、d50指数」は、超音波処理20秒後のd50値(d50 20s)の、測定系列の開始時の対応するd50値(d50 初期)に対する比率である。
US(20s)、d50指数=d50 20s/d50 初期
それに応じて、このd50指数が高いほど、被検査造粒体は機械的に安定である。
Claims (15)
- 疎水化二酸化ケイ素と少なくとも1つのIR乳白剤とを含有する造粒体であって、
250g/Lまでのタップ密度、および
DIN EN 826:2013に準拠する、50%圧縮ひずみ時の150~300kPaまたは300kPa超という圧縮応力
を特徴とし、ここで、前記圧縮応力は、辺長200mmおよびかさ高さ20mmを有する、正方形面を有する層を用いて測定されており、ハロシラン、アルコキシシラン、シラザンおよびシロキサンからなる群から選択される疎水化剤で疎水化されている、造粒体。 - 前記IR乳白剤が、炭化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、二酸化ジルコニウム、イルメナイト、チタン酸鉄、酸化鉄、ケイ酸ジルコニウム、酸化マンガン、グラファイト、カーボンブラック、およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の造粒体。
- 50~400m2/gというBET表面積を特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の造粒体。
- 100~240g/Lのタップ密度を特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の造粒体。
- DIN EN 826:2013に準拠する、50%圧縮ひずみ時の300~2000kPaという圧縮応力を特徴とし、ここで、前記圧縮応力は、辺長200mmおよびかさ高さ20mmを有する、正方形面を有する層を用いて測定される、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の造粒体。
- EN 12667:2001に準拠して、10℃の平均測定温度、250Paの接触圧において、空気雰囲気中および標準圧力下に層で測定して、50mW/(m・K)未満という熱伝導率を特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の造粒体。
- 前記二酸化ケイ素が高熱法で製造されていることを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の造粒体。
- メタノール濡れ性が、メタノールと水との混合物中で10~60重量%のメタノール含有量であることを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項記載の造粒体。
- 疎水化二酸化ケイ素と少なくとも1つのIR乳白剤とを含有する造粒体の製造方法であって、次のステップ:
a)親水性二酸化ケイ素を少なくとも1つのIR乳白剤と混合するステップ、
b)ステップa)で得られた混合物を造粒体へと高密度化するステップ、
c)ステップb)で製造された造粒体を、200~1200℃の温度において熱処理するステップ、
d)ステップc)で得られた熱処理された造粒体を疎水化剤で疎水化するステップ
を含む、前記方法。 - 疎水化二酸化ケイ素と少なくとも1つのIR乳白剤とを含有する造粒体の製造方法であって、次のステップ:
a)親水性二酸化ケイ素を少なくとも1つのIR乳白剤と混合するステップ、
b)ステップa)で得られた混合物を造粒体へと高密度化するステップ、
c)ステップb)で製造された造粒体を、アンモニアで処理するステップ、
d)ステップc)で得られたアンモニアで処理された造粒体を疎水化剤で疎水化するステップ
を含む、前記方法。 - ステップc)を、800~1000℃の温度において行うことを特徴とする、請求項9記載の方法。
- ステップb)および/またはc)および/またはd)の後に、互いに異なるサイズの造粒体画分の分離を行うことを特徴とする、請求項9から11までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- ステップd)で使用する疎水化剤が、ハロシラン、アルコキシシラン、シラザンおよびシロキサンからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項9から12までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 断熱混合物および/または断熱配合物中での、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項記載の造粒体の使用。
- ISO 13320:2009に準拠して、レーザ回折粒径解析によって測定された、100~3000μmのメジアン径の数値d 50 を有することを特徴とする、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項記載の造粒体。
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WO2018134275A1 (de) | 2018-07-26 |
US11565974B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
MX2019008516A (es) | 2019-09-18 |
RU2759942C2 (ru) | 2021-11-18 |
CN110446692A (zh) | 2019-11-12 |
JP2020506867A (ja) | 2020-03-05 |
RU2019125106A (ru) | 2021-02-19 |
EP3571173A1 (de) | 2019-11-27 |
RU2019125106A3 (ja) | 2021-04-26 |
US20200031720A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
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