JP7034099B2 - ダブルストリップ発泡法またはブロック発泡法により得られる反応性発泡体材料の繊維強化 - Google Patents
ダブルストリップ発泡法またはブロック発泡法により得られる反応性発泡体材料の繊維強化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7034099B2 JP7034099B2 JP2018562053A JP2018562053A JP7034099B2 JP 7034099 B2 JP7034099 B2 JP 7034099B2 JP 2018562053 A JP2018562053 A JP 2018562053A JP 2018562053 A JP2018562053 A JP 2018562053A JP 7034099 B2 JP7034099 B2 JP 7034099B2
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Description
I-1)少なくとも1種の第1成分(K1)および少なくとも1種の第2成分(K2)を含む反応性混合物を用意する工程であって、第1成分(K1)および第2成分(K2)が互いに反応可能である、工程、
II-1)下側の担体材料と上側の担体材料との間に工程I-1)で用意された反応性混合物を導入する工程であって、反応性混合物を下側の担体材料の上に載せ、上側の担体材料を反応性混合物の上に載せる、工程、
III-1)下側の担体材料と上側の担体材料との間で反応性混合物を膨張させて、膨張発泡体を得る工程、ならびに
IV-1)2つの並行したベルト間で、工程III-1)で得た膨張発泡体を調整して、反応性発泡体を得る工程
を含み、工程III-1)およびIV-1)は継続的にまたは同時に、好ましくは同時に実施される。
I-2)少なくとも1種の第1成分(K1)および少なくとも1種の第2成分(K2)を含む反応性混合物を用意する工程であって、第1成分(K1)および第2成分(K2)が互いに反応可能である、工程、
II-2)工程I-2)で用意された反応性混合物を成形型に導入する工程であって、成形型が少なくとも1つの開かれた面と、少なくとも2つの閉じられた面とを有する、工程、ならびに
III-2)成形型内で反応性混合物を膨張させて、反応性発泡体を得る工程
を好ましくは含む。
ii)ポリウレタン、ポリ尿素もしくはポリイソシアヌレートはいずれの場合も上記工程I-2)~III-2)を含むブロック発泡法により生成され、工程I-2)で用意された反応性混合物は、第1成分(K1)として少なくとも1種のポリイソシアネートと、第2成分(K2)としてイソシアネート反応性基を有する少なくとも1種の化合物と、さらなる成分として少なくとも1種の発泡剤とを含む。
ii)気泡の少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最も大きな寸法(a方向)の、最も小さな寸法(c方向)に対する比が、≧1.05であり、好ましくは1.1~10の範囲、とりわけ好ましくは1.2~5の範囲である、および/または
iii)気泡の少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最も小さな寸法(c方向)の平均サイズが、0.01~1mmの範囲、好ましくは0.02~0.5mmの範囲、とりわけ好ましくは0.02~0.3mmの範囲である、および/または
iv)気泡の少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、直交異方性もしくは横等方性である、および/または
v)気泡の最も大きな寸法(a方向)に基づき、気泡の少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、成形物の厚さ方向(d)に対して、≦30°もしくは>60°、好ましくは≦20°もしくは>70°、より好ましくは≦10°もしくは>80°の角度γで整列している、および/または
vi)反応性発泡体は、少なくとも80%、好ましくは少なくとも95%、特に好ましくは少なくとも98%の独立気泡含有量を有する、および/または
vii)繊維(F)が、反応性発泡体の気泡の少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最も大きな寸法(a方向)に対して、≦60°、好ましくは≦50°の角度εで配置される。
ii)反応性発泡体の弾性係数のうちの少なくとも1つ、好ましくは弾性係数のすべてが、異方性材料、好ましくは直交異方性材料もしくは横等方性材料の方式で挙動する、および/または
iii)z方向の反応性発泡体の圧縮強度の、x方向の反応性発泡体の圧縮強度に対する比が、≧1.1、好ましくは≧1.5、とりわけ好ましくは2~10の間である。
ii)繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、第2の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触している、好ましくは完全に接触している、および/または
iii)パネルが、成形物の少なくとも1つの面と、少なくとも1つの層(S1)との間に少なくとも1つの層(S2)を含み、層(S2)は、好ましくはシート状繊維材料もしくはポリマー性フィルム、より好ましくは多孔質シート状繊維材料もしくは多孔質ポリマー性フィルム、とりわけ好ましくは、不織布、ノンクリンプ生地もしくは織物の形態の紙、ガラス繊維または炭素繊維で構成される。
i)繊維状材料は、切り刻んだ繊維、不織布、ノンクリンプ生地、編物および/または織物の1つもしくは複数のプライの形態、好ましくはノンクリンプ生地もしくは織物の形態、特に好ましくは、1枚のノンクリンプ生地/織物当たり、150~2500g/m2の坪量を有するノンクリンプ生地もしくは織物の形態の繊維を含む、および/または
ii)繊維状材料は、有機、無機、金属もしくはセラミック繊維、好ましくはポリマー性繊維、玄武岩繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維もしくは天然繊維、特に好ましくは、ガラス繊維もしくは炭素繊維の繊維を含む。
ii)パネルは、少なくとも1つの面と少なくとも1つの層(S1)の間に少なくとも1つの層(S2)を含み、少なくとも1つの層(S2)は、ダブルベルト発泡法の工程II-1)において、上側の担体材料として、および/または下側の担体材料として、パネルの成形物の反応性発泡体に適用された、および/または
iii)少なくとも1つの層(S1)は樹脂を含み、パネルの成形物の反応性発泡体は、≦2000g/m2、好ましくは≦1000g/m2、より好ましくは≦500g/m2、最も好ましくは≦100g/m2の表面吸樹脂量を有する、および/または
iv)パネルは、≧200J/m2、好ましくは≧500J/m2、特に好ましくは≧2000J/m2の剥離強度を有する、および/または
v)パネル中に存在する成形物の反応性発泡体は、少なくとも1つの層(S1)に並行して測定した、0.05~0.6MPa/(kg/m3)の範囲、好ましくは0.05~0.5MPa/(kg/m3)の範囲、特に好ましくは0.05~0.2MPa/(kg/m3)の範囲の剛性率を有する、および/または
vi)パネル中に存在する成形物は、パネルの中で少なくとも1つの層(S1)に並行して測定した、少なくとも5kPa/(kg/m3)、好ましくは少なくとも8kPa/(kg/m3)、特に好ましくは少なくとも12kPa/(kg/m3)の特定の剪断強度を有する、および/または
vii)パネル中に存在する成形物は、パネルの中で、少なくとも1つの層(S1)に並行して測定した、少なくとも0.2MPa/(kg/m3)、好ましくは少なくとも0.6MPa/(kg/m3)、特に好ましくは少なくとも1.0MPa/(kg/m3)の剛性率を有する
が満たされるパネルもまた好ましい。
a)少なくとも1つの層(S2)を反応性発泡体の少なくとも1つの面に任意に適用する工程、
b)反応性発泡体中に、任意に層(S2)内に、繊維(F)1本につき1個の穴を生成する工程であって、穴は、反応性発泡体の第1の面から第2の面へと、任意に層(S2)を介して延在する、工程、
c)反応性発泡体の第2の面の上に少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を提供する工程、
d)反応性発泡体の第1の面から、穴を介して、反応性発泡体の第2の面に針を通し、任意に層(S2)を介して針を通す工程、
e)反応性発泡体の第2の面上で、少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を針に固定する工程、および
f)繊維(F)を含む針を、繊維(F)が、成形物の内側に配置され、反応性発泡体によって取り囲まれている繊維領域(FB2)を有し、一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が成形物の第1の面から、または任意に層(S2)から突出し、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が成形物の第2の面から突出するように、穴を介して戻す工程
により実行され、工程b)およびd)の同時の実施が特に好ましい。
a)反応性発泡体の少なくとも1つの面に層(S2)を任意に適用する工程、
b)反応性発泡体の第2の面に少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を提供する工程、
c)反応性発泡体中に、任意に層(S2)内に、繊維(F)1本につき1つの穴を生成する工程であって、この穴は、反応性発泡体の第1の面から第2の面へと、任意に層(S2)を介して延在し、穴が、反応性発泡体を介して、任意に層(S2)を介して針を通すことにより生成される工程、
d)反応性発泡体の第2の面上で、少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を針に固定する工程、
e)繊維(F)を含む針を、穴を介して戻すことによって、繊維(F)が、成形物の内側に配置され、反応性発泡体によって取り囲まれた繊維領域(FB2)を有し、一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が成形物の第1の面から、または任意に層(S2)から突出し、繊維領域(FB3)が成形物の第2の面から突出する工程、
f)第2の面の繊維(F)を任意に裁断する工程、および
g)針に形成された繊維(F)のループを任意に裁断して開く工程
を含み得る。
ii)構造物の両面に流動促進剤を使用する方法、および/または
iii)半透過性膜を有する構造物(VAP構造物);後者は好ましくは、成形物の全領域にわたりドレープされ、その上に、片面もしくは両面において、流動促進剤、分離フィルムおよびティアオフ生地が使用され、真空密閉テープの手段を用いて型表面に関して半透過性膜が固着され、吸収フリースが、成形物から遠くの半透過性膜の面に挿入され、その結果、空気が全領域にわたり上向きに真空排気される、および/または
iv)膜フィルムから作製された真空ポケットを使用する方法、この真空ポケットは、好ましくは、空気をゲートの反対側から真空排気するという手段を用いて、成形物の反対側のゲート側に配置される。
反応性発泡体、成形物およびパネルの特性は以下の通り決定される:
異方性を決定するため、反応性発泡体の中央領域の気泡の顕微鏡像を統計的評価に供する。気泡の最も大きな寸法を「a方向」と呼び、これに直交して方向づけられる他の2つの寸法(b方向およびc方向)がこれから得られる。a方向とc方向の商として異方性を計算する。
気泡のa方向の方向性を顕微鏡像の手段を用いて同様に評価する。成形物のa方向と厚さ方向(d)とに囲まれた角度から方向性が得られる。
気泡の最も小さな寸法は、異方性と同様に顕微鏡像の統計分析で決定する。
圧縮強度はDIN EN ISO844(2009年10月、ドイツバージョンの通り)に従い決定する。
z方向に沿った圧縮強度の、x方向の圧縮強度に対する比は、2つの個々の値の商により決定する。
純粋な反応性発泡体の密度は、ISO 845(2009年10月バージョン)に従い決定する。
吸樹脂量については、平削りにより表面から材料を取り出した後、反応性発泡体を比較する。利用した樹脂系に加えて、発泡体スラブおよびガラスノンクリンプ生地、以下の助剤材料を使用する:ナイロン真空フィルム、真空密閉テープ、ナイロン流動促進剤、ポリオレフィン分離フィルム、ポリエステルティアオフ生地およびPTFE膜フィルムおよびポリエステル吸収フリース。真空注入の手段を用いて繊維強化外側プライを適用することによって、成形物からパネルを生成する。反応性発泡体の上面および底面のそれぞれに2プライのQuadraxガラスノンクリンプ生地(ロービング:E-Glass SE1500、OCV;繊維製品:saertex、いずれの場合も1200g/m2の等方性積層体[0°/-45°/90°45°])が適用される。吸樹脂量を決定するために、パネルの標準的な生成とは対照的に、分離フィルムを反応性発泡体とガラスノンクリンプ生地との間に挿入する。純粋な反応性発泡体の吸樹脂量をこうして決定することができる。ティアオフ生地および流動促進剤をガラスノンクリンプ生地のいずれかの面に加える。続いて、樹脂系用ゲートおよび排気用ゲートを構造物に装着する。最後に、真空フィルムを構造物全体にわたり適用し、密閉テープで密閉し、構造物全体を真空排気する。ガラス表面を有する電気加熱可能なテーブル上で構造物を製造する。
パネルの剪断特性をDIN 53294に従い、23℃および50%の相対湿度で決定する(1982年2月バージョン)。
外側プライの折り目に対する耐性(ミクロのしわ)を、測定された材料の基本的特性に基づき、計算による手段を用いて決定する。外側プライの折り目に対する座屈抵抗は、
吸樹脂量は、反応性発泡体およびトリミングしたパネルの密度/厚さを使用して、計算による手段を用いて生成されたパネルから決定する。
ダブルベルト発泡法
a)反応性発泡体の生成
反応性発泡体を連続的なダブルベルト発泡法により生成した。装置は上側のコンベヤーベルトおよび下側のコンベヤーベルトからなる。反応性混合物を、高圧混合ヘッドを介して下側の担体材料と上側の担体材料との間に連続的に注入した。下側の担体材料はアルミ箔からなり、上側の担体材料はアルミ箔からなった。続いて、反応性混合物を膨張させ、下側のコンベヤーベルトと上側のコンベヤーベルト間で調整した。得た反応性発泡体をシートに裁断した。シートの厚さは50mmであった。少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を用いて強化する前に、よって成形物の生成前に、上側の担体材料および下側の担体材料を取り外し、さらなる加工のためにシートを20mmまで平らにした。反応性混合物は、10,000質量部のポリオール成分Elastopor(登録商標)H 1131/90、15,000質量部のイソシアネート成分Lupranat(登録商標)M50、ならびに、各事例において、8質量部の水、550質量部のペンタンおよび570質量部のジメチルシクロヘキシルアミンの添加剤を含む。
反応性発泡体を、ガラス繊維(ロービング、E-Glass、900tex、3B)で強化する。ガラス繊維は、ロービングの形態で、45°の角度αで4つの異なる空間的方向において、互いに90°の角度βで導入する。ガラス繊維は、等しい距離a1=a2=16mmを保ちながら規則的なパターンで導入する。加えて、第1の面および第2の面に、ガラス繊維を約5.5mmだけ張り出したまま置くことによって、外側プライとして後に導入されるガラス繊維マットへの結合を改善する。組み合わせた裁縫/かぎ針編みプロセスにより、自動化方式で繊維/繊維ロービングを導入する。最初に、鉤針(直径約1.1mm)を使用して、第1の面から第2の面へと反応性発泡体を完全に貫通させる。第2の面において、ロービングを鉤針のフックに引っ掛け、次いで、穴を介して第2の面から針で引き込み、反応性発泡体の第1の面に戻す。最後に、ロービングを第2の面で切断し、形成されたロービングループを針の箇所で切断して開く。鉤針はこうして次の裁縫作業への準備ができた状態にある。
続いて、パネルは、吸樹脂量の決定に対して本明細書中で上に記載されているように、真空注入の手段を用いて、繊維強化外側プライを適用することにより成形物から生成される。しかし、吸樹脂量の決定とは対照的に、パネル生成のために成形物とガラスノンクリンプ生地との間に分離フィルムは導入しない。
ブロック発泡法
a)反応性発泡体の生成
不連続ブロック発泡法により反応性発泡体を生成した。装置は、下側および側壁が密閉され、型の上面が開いているブロック型からなる。反応性混合物を高圧混合ヘッドで混合し、成形型に充填した。次いで、混合物を膨張させ、成形型の内側で反応させる。次いで、得た反応性発泡体ブロックを冷却し、膨張方向に直交して裁断してシートにする。反応性発泡体を生成するための反応性混合物は以下の成分を含んだ:サッカロースベースのポリエーテルポリオール(31質量部、官能価4.5、数平均分子量515g/モル、25℃で粘度8000mPa.s)、フタル酸無水物-ジエチレングリコールベースポリエステルポリオール(28質量部、官能価2、数平均分子量360g/モル)、プロピレングリコールベースの連鎖延長剤(10質量部、官能価2、数平均分子量134g/モル)、プロピレングリコールベースの連鎖延長剤(28質量部、官能価2、数平均分子量190g/モル)、水(1.45質量部)、触媒としての第3級脂肪族アミン(0.07質量部)、シリコーンベース安定剤(2.0質量部)、ポリマー性MDI(183質量部、25℃で粘度200mPa.s)。
ブロック発泡法
a)発泡体の生成
発泡体の生成は実施例B2と同様に行う。しかし、シートは膨張方向に対して直交して切断せず、むしろ膨張方向に並行して切断する。
Claims (18)
- 反応性発泡体で作製された成形物であって、少なくとも1本の繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)で、成形物の内側に配置され、及び反応性発泡体によって取り囲まれており、一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が成形物の第1の面から突出し、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が成形物の第2の面から突出し、反応性発泡体がダブルベルト発泡法またはブロック発泡法で生成され、反応性発泡体が気泡を含み、気泡の少なくとも50%が異方性であり、反応性発泡体の機械的特性のうちの少なくとも1つが異方性である、成形物。
- ダブルベルト発泡法が、以下の工程I-1)~IV-1):
I-1)少なくとも1種の第1成分(K1)および少なくとも1種の第2成分(K2)を含む反応性混合物を用意する工程であって、第1成分(K1)および第2成分(K2)が互いに反応可能である、工程、
II-1)下側の担体材料と上側の担体材料との間に工程I-1)で用意された反応性混合物を導入する工程であって、反応性混合物を下側の担体材料の上に載せ、上側の担体材料を反応性混合物の上に載せる、工程、
III-1)下側の担体材料と上側の担体材料との間で反応性混合物を膨張させて、膨張発泡体を得る工程、ならびに
IV-1)2つの並行したベルト間で、工程III-1)で得た膨張発泡体を調整して、反応性発泡体を得る工程
を含み、
工程III-1)およびIV-1)が順々にまたは同時に実施される、請求項1に記載の成形物。 - ブロック発泡法が、以下の工程I-2)~III-2):
I-2)少なくとも1種の第1成分(K1)および少なくとも1種の第2成分(K2)を含む反応性混合物を用意する工程であって、第1成分(K1)および第2成分(K2)が互いに反応可能である、工程、
II-2)工程I-2)で用意された反応性混合物を成形型に導入する工程であって、成形型が少なくとも1つの開かれた面と、少なくとも2つの閉じられた面とを有する、工程、ならびに
III-2)成形型内で反応性混合物を膨張させて、反応性発泡体を得る工程
を含む、請求項1に記載の成形物。 - 反応性発泡体がポリウレタン、ポリ尿素またはポリイソシアヌレートに基づく、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の成形物。
- 反応性発泡体が気泡を含み、
i)気泡の少なくとも80%が異方性である、および/または
ii)気泡の少なくとも50%の最も大きな寸法(a方向)の、最も小さな寸法(c方向)に対する比が、≧1.05である、および/または
iii)気泡の少なくとも50%の最も小さな寸法(c方向)の平均サイズが、0.01~1mmの範囲である、および/または
iv)気泡の少なくとも50%が、直交異方性もしくは横等方性である、および/または
v)気泡の最も大きな寸法(a方向)に基づき、気泡の少なくとも50%が、成形物の厚さ方向(d)に対して、≦30°もしくは>60°の角度γで整列している、および/または
vi)反応性発泡体が、少なくとも80%の独立気泡含有量を有する、および/または
vii)繊維(F)が、反応性発泡体の気泡の少なくとも50%の最も大きな寸法(a方向)に対して、≦60°の角度εで配置される、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の成形物。 - i)反応性発泡体が、少なくとも10mmの範囲の厚さ(z方向)、少なくとも200mmの長さ(x方向)、および少なくとも200mmの幅(y方向)を有する、および/または
ii)成形物の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、少なくとも1つのくぼみを有する、および/または
iii)反応性発泡体の機械的特性のすべてが異方性である、および/または
iv)反応性発泡体の弾性係数のうちの少なくとも1つが、異方性材料の方式で挙動する、および/または
v)厚さ(z方向)の反応性発泡体の圧縮強度の、長さ(x方向)の反応性発泡体の圧縮強度に対する比が、≧1.1である、および/または
vi)反応性発泡体中に存在するポリマーが、少なくとも80℃のガラス転移温度(TG)を有する、および/または
vii)繊維(F)が、単一繊維もしくは繊維束である、および/または
viii)繊維(F)が、有機、無機、金属もしくはセラミック繊維、もしくはこれらの組合せである、および/または
ix)繊維(F)が、1束当たり少なくとも10本の繊維を有する繊維束の形態で利用される、および/または
x)繊維領域(FB1)および繊維領域(FB3)が、それぞれ互いに独立して、繊維(F)の全長の1%~45%を占め、繊維領域(FB2)が、繊維(F)の全長の10%~98%を占める、および/または
xi)繊維(F)が、成形物の厚さ方向(d)に対して、0°~60°の角度αで反応性発泡体に導入される、および/または
xii)成形物において、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が突出する、成形物の第1の面が、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が突出する、成形物の第2の面の反対側にある、および/または
xiii)成形物が、複数の繊維(F)を含む、および/または1m2当たり10本より多くの繊維(F)もしくは繊維束を含む、
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の成形物。 - 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも1種の成形物と、少なくとも1つの層(S1)とを含む、パネル。
- 層(S1)が、少なくとも1種の樹脂を含む、請求項7に記載のパネル。
- 層(S1)が少なくとも1種の繊維状材料をさらに含み、
i)繊維状材料が、切り刻んだ繊維、織布、スクリム、編物および/またはウィーブの1つもしくは複数の薄層の形態である、および/または
ii)繊維状材料が、有機、無機、金属もしくはセラミック繊維を含む、
請求項8に記載のパネル。 - 2つの層(S1)を有し、2つの層(S1)がそれぞれ、成形物においてそれぞれの他方の面の反対側の成形物の面に据え付けられている、請求項7から9のいずれか一項に記載のパネル。
- i)繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、第1の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触している、および/または
ii)繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、第2の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触している、および/または
iii)パネルが、成形物の少なくとも1つの面と、少なくとも1つの層(S1)との間に少なくとも1つの層(S2)を含む、および/または
iv)パネルが、少なくとも1つの面と、少なくとも1つの層(S1)との間に少なくとも1つの層(S2)を含み、少なくとも1つの層(S2)が、請求項2に記載のダブルベルト発泡法の工程II-1)において、上側の担体材料として、および/または下側の担体材料として、パネルの成形物の反応性発泡体に適用される、および/または
v)パネル中に存在する成形物が、機械的および/または熱プロセスに供されていない少なくとも1つの面を含む、
請求項7から10のいずれか一項に記載のパネル。 - 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の成形物を生成するための方法であって、少なくとも1本の繊維(F)が反応性発泡体に部分的に導入され、その結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)で、成形物の内側に配置され、及び反応性発泡体によって取り囲まれ、一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が成形物の第1の面から突出し、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が成形物の第2の面から突出する、方法。
- 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)の反応性発泡体への部分的な導入が、針を使用した縫込みにより実行される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 請求項7から11のいずれか一項に記載のパネルを生成するための方法であって、少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、反応性の粘性樹脂の形態で、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の成形物上で生成、適用、および硬化される、方法。
- 風力タービンのローターブレード用に、輸送セクターにおいて、建設セクターにおいて、自動車構造物において、船舶の建設において、鉄道車両構造物において、容器の構造物用に、衛生設備用に、および/または航空宇宙において、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の成形物または請求項7から11のいずれか一項に記載のパネルを使用する方法。
- 反応性発泡体がポリウレタン、ポリ尿素またはポリイソシアヌレートに基づき、
i)ポリウレタン、ポリ尿素もしくはポリイソシアヌレートがいずれの場合も請求項2に記載のダブルベルト発泡法により生成され、工程I-1)で用意された反応性混合物が、第1成分(K1)として少なくとも1種のポリイソシアネートと、第2成分(K2)としてイソシアネート反応性基を有する少なくとも1種の化合物と、さらなる成分として少なくとも1種の発泡剤とを含む、または
ii)ポリウレタン、ポリ尿素もしくはポリイソシアヌレートがいずれの場合も、請求項3に記載のブロック発泡法により生成され、工程I-2)で用意された反応性混合物が、第1成分(K1)として少なくとも1種のポリイソシアネートと、第2成分(K2)としてイソシアネート反応性基を有する少なくとも1種の化合物と、さらなる成分として少なくとも1種の発泡剤とを含む、
請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の成形物。 - 部分的な導入が、工程a)~f):
a)少なくとも1つの層(S2)を反応性発泡体の少なくとも1つの面に任意に適用させる工程、
b)反応性発泡体中に、繊維(F)1本につき1個の穴を生成する工程であって、穴が、反応性発泡体の第1の面から第2の面へと、任意に層(S2)を介して延在する、工程、
c)反応性発泡体の第2の面の上に少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を提供する工程、
d)成形物の第1の面から、穴を介して、反応性発泡体の第2の面に針を通し、任意に層(S2)を介して針を通す工程、
e)反応性発泡体の第2の面上で、少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を針に固定する工程、ならびに
f)繊維(F)を含む針を、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)で、成形物の内側に配置され、及び反応性発泡体によって取り囲まれ、一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が成形物の第1の面から突出し、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が成形物の第2の面から突出するように、穴を介して戻す工程
により実行される、請求項13に記載の方法。 - 工程b)とd)が同時に実施される、請求項17に記載の方法。
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CA3026811C (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2023-10-03 | Basf Se | Process for producing expandable polylactic acid-containing pellets |
ES2841779T3 (es) | 2016-08-26 | 2021-07-09 | Basf Se | Procedimiento para la producción continua de espumas reforzadas por fibras |
KR102614476B1 (ko) | 2017-08-04 | 2023-12-15 | 바스프 에스이 | 고온 열가소성 물질에 기반한 발포성, 발포제 함유 펠릿 |
FR3094449B1 (fr) | 2019-03-26 | 2022-12-23 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Bloc de mousse polyuréthane/polyisocyanurate d’un massif d’isolation thermique d’une cuve et son procédé de préparation |
FR3094451B1 (fr) * | 2019-03-26 | 2022-12-23 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Bloc de mousse polyuréthane/polyisocyanurate d’un massif d’isolation thermique d’une cuve et son procédé de préparation |
CN110804150A (zh) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-18 | 江苏雅克科技股份有限公司 | 三维方向增强型聚氨酯保温材料及其制备方法 |
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