JP6755968B2 - 架橋エラストマー収着剤を使用して混合物中において揮発性成分を除去処理する方法、及び、該方法を実行するための装置 - Google Patents
架橋エラストマー収着剤を使用して混合物中において揮発性成分を除去処理する方法、及び、該方法を実行するための装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6755968B2 JP6755968B2 JP2018559307A JP2018559307A JP6755968B2 JP 6755968 B2 JP6755968 B2 JP 6755968B2 JP 2018559307 A JP2018559307 A JP 2018559307A JP 2018559307 A JP2018559307 A JP 2018559307A JP 6755968 B2 JP6755968 B2 JP 6755968B2
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- elastomer
- mixture
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- polyorganosiloxane
- volatile
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 174
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 title claims description 173
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 81
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- -1 n-propenyl Chemical group 0.000 description 178
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 56
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 50
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 47
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 31
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 29
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 25
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 16
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000000262 haloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- 229920006294 polydialkylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002568 propynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 4
- 229920001843 polymethylhydrosiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- PCTZLSCYMRXUGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluorobutane Chemical group [CH2]CC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F PCTZLSCYMRXUGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000001620 monocyclic carbocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphine group Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- QYLFHLNFIHBCPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound C#CC1(O)CCCCC1 QYLFHLNFIHBCPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMAWODUEPLAHOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6,8-tetrakis(ethenyl)-2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,2,4,6,8-tetraoxatetrasilocane Chemical compound C=C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C=C)O[Si](C)(C=C)O[Si](C)(C=C)O1 VMAWODUEPLAHOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 description 2
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000480 butynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条(e)に基づき、2016年5月31日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/343,254号の優先権を主張するものであり、米国特許仮出願第62/343,254号は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
揮発性成分及び少なくとも1種の他の成分を含む混合物中において、揮発性成分を除去処理するための方法により、除去処理した混合物が形成され、この除去処理した混合物は、本方法を実行する前の混合物よりも少ない揮発性成分を含有する。本方法は、
1)揮発性成分の少なくとも一部を、ガラス転移温度が≦25℃の非多孔質架橋エラストマーのバルク中に収着させることにより、除去処理した混合物を形成し、収着した揮発性成分を有する非多孔質架橋エラストマーを増強処理し、これにより増強処理した架橋エラストマーを形成する工程であって、工程1)の際に、揮発性成分の少なくとも一部は気相中にある、工程と、
2)増強処理した架橋エラストマーから揮発性成分の少なくとも一部を脱着することにより、脱着した揮発性成分及び再生したエラストマーを形成する工程と、
3)再生したエラストマーを、繰り返す工程1)にて非多孔質架橋エラストマーの全部分又は一部分として使用する工程と、
4)工程1)後の除去処理した混合物、及び工程2)後の脱着した揮発性成分の、一方又は両方を所望の場所に配分する工程と、を含む。
揮発性成分は、混合物から望ましく取り除かれる任意の種であってよい。本明細書に記載する方法において、揮発性成分は、70℃で0.1mmHg〜70℃で760mmHg、あるいは、70℃で1mmHg〜70℃で100mmHg、あるいは、70℃で4mmHg〜82mmg、あるいは70℃で17mmHg〜70℃で82mmHgの蒸気圧を有してよい。方法の工程1)により形成される生成物は除去処理した混合物であり、上記除去処理した混合物は揮発性成分を非含有であるか、又は工程1)の前の混合物よりも少ない揮発性成分を含有する。「非含有である」とは、除去処理した混合物が、揮発性成分を全く含有しないか、又はGC分析により検出できない量の揮発性成分を含有することを意味する。
混合物は、上述したとおりに、揮発性成分の一部又は全てを取り除くのが望ましい任意の混合物であってよい。混合物は、揮発性成分及び少なくとも1種の他の成分を含む。揮発性成分は、混合物中の少なくとも1種の他の成分の蒸気圧未満の蒸気圧を有してよい。特定の実施形態において、揮発性成分は、非多孔質架橋エラストマー中での、蒸気の相対圧力によって、又は、揮発性成分の溶解度と少なくとも1種の他の成分の溶解度との差によって、混合物中の少なくとも1種の他の成分と区別することができる。例えば、一実施形態において、混合物中の他の成分が、直鎖ポリジメチルシロキサンよりも低い蒸気圧を有する場合、直鎖ポリジメチルシロキサンなどの種は、揮発性成分であることができる。あるいは、揮発性成分が例えば、直鎖ポリジメチルシロキサンの蒸気圧よりも高い蒸気圧を有する有機溶媒である場合、同じ直鎖ポリジメチルシロキサンが、混合物中の他の成分であることができる。理論に束縛されるものではないが、蒸気圧の差(揮発性成分が、混合物中の少なくとも1種の他の成分よりも高い蒸気圧を有する場合)、又は、非多孔質架橋エラストマー中における、揮発性成分の溶解度と、混合物中の少なくとも1種の他の成分との溶解度の差によって、蒸気相の揮発性成分が優先的に混合物から取り除かれ、非多孔質架橋エラストマー中に収着することができると考えられる。
式(I):R6 3SiO(R6 2SiO)k(R6HSiO)mSiR6 3、
式(II):R6 2HSiO(R6 2SiO)n(R6HSiO)oSiR6 2H、又は
これらの組み合わせを有することができる。
a)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリジメチルシロキサン、
b)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルフェニルシロキサン)、
c)ジメチルハイドロジェンシロキシ末端ポリジメチルシロキサン、
d)ジメチルハイドロジェンシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルハイドロジェンシロキサン)、
e)ジメチルハイドロジェンシロキシ末端ポリメチルハイドロジェンシロキサン、
f)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルハイドロジェンシロキサン)、
g)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリメチルハイドロジェンシロキサン、
ヒドロキシ末端ポリジメチルシロキサン、
ヒドロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルビニルシロキサン)、
ヒドロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルフェニルシロキサン)、
h)a)、b)、c)、d)、e)、f)、及びg)の2つ以上の組み合わせにより例示される。
本方法を、例えば、乾燥させる、及び/又はVOCを取り除く、及び/又はプロセス蒸気流から無機化合物を取り除くため、様々な用途で使用することができる。
1)蒸気相混合物を、ガラス転移温度が≦25℃の非多孔質架橋エラストマーと直接接触させることにより、収着前の混合物よりも少ない揮発性成分を含有する除去処理した混合物を形成することで、収着した揮発性成分を有する非多孔質架橋エラストマーを増強処理し、これにより増強処理した架橋エラストマーを形成する工程と、
2)工程1)の際及び又は後に除去処理した混合物を回収する工程と、
3)収着した揮発性成分の少なくとも一部を増強処理した架橋エラストマーから脱着することにより、脱着した揮発性成分、及び脱着前の増強処理した架橋エラストマーよりも少ない収着した揮発性成分を含有する再生したエラストマーを形成する工程と、
4)再生したエラストマーを、繰り返す工程1)にて非多孔質架橋エラストマーの全部分又は一部分として使用する工程と、
場合により5)工程2)の際及び/又は後に脱着した揮発性成分を回収する工程と、を含む。本実施形態において、揮発性成分は揮発性汚染物質であってよい。揮発性汚染物質は、上述したように、重合度が3〜12の環式ポリオルガノシロキサンを含んでよい。混合物中の少なくとも1種の不揮発性成分は、直鎖ポリオルガノシロキサンを含んでよい。非多孔質架橋エラストマーは、非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーであってよい。本実施形態の方法を使用して、直鎖ポリオルガノシロキサンを含むがこれに限定されない様々な混合物からD4を取り除いてよい。
Tg≦25℃を有する非多孔質架橋エラストマー
i)成分を組み合わせて、
(A)ヒドロシリル化触媒と、
(B)平均して1分子当たり、2個以上のケイ素結合脂肪族不飽和炭化水素基を有するポリオルガノシロキサンと、
(C)平均して1分子当たり、2個より多いケイ素結合水素原子を有する架橋剤と、
場合により(D)阻害剤と、
場合により(E)溶媒と、
を含む組成物を調製する工程と、
ii)組成物を加熱する工程と、
により、架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーを形成することを含む方法により調製することができる。理論に束縛されるものではないが、Tgは、成分(B)の適切な選択、成分(B)の重合度(DP)及び分子量、並びに架橋密度により制御することができる。成分(B)がポリジメチルシロキサンである場合、Tg≦25℃を有する非多孔質架橋エラストマーを形成するために、DPは10以上であってよい。当業者は、成分(A)及び(B)を選択して、Tg≦25℃を有する非多孔質架橋エラストマーを形成する方法を理解するであろう。
式(I):R7 2R8SiO(R7 2SiO)a(R7R8SiO)bSiR7 2R8、
式(II):R7 3SiO(R7 2SiO)c(R7R8SiO)dSiR7 3
のポリジオルガノシロキサン
又はこれらの組み合わせを含んでよい。
i)ジメチルビニルシロキシ末端ポリジメチルシロキサン、
ii)ジメチルビニルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルビニルシロキサン)、
iii)ジメチルビニルシロキシ末端ポリメチルビニルシロキサン、
iv)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルビニルシロキサン)、
v)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリメチルビニルシロキサン、
vi)ジメチルビニルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルビニルシロキサン)、
vii)ジメチルビニルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルフェニルシロキサン)、
viii)ジメチルビニルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/ジフェニルシロキサン)、
ix)フェニル,メチル,ビニル−シロキシ末端ポリジメチルシロキサン、
x)ジメチルヘキセニルシロキシ末端ポリジメチルシロキサン、
xi)ジメチルヘキセニルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルヘキセニルシロキサン)、
xii)ジメチルヘキセニルシロキシ末端ポリメチルヘキセニルシロキサン、
xiii)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルヘキセニルシロキサン)、
xiv)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリメチルヘキセニルシロキサン
xv)ジメチルヘキセニルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルヘキセニルシロキサン)、
xvi)ジメチルビニルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルヘキセニルシロキサン)、
xvii)i)、ii)、iii)、iv)、v)、vi)、vii)、viii)、ix)、x)、xi)、xii)、xiii)、xiv)、xv)、及びxvi)の2つ以上の組み合わせ。
式(III):R10 3SiO(R10 2SiO)g(R10HSiO)hSiR10 3、
式(IV):R10 2HSiO(R10 2SiO)i(R10HSiO)jSiR10 2H、又は
これらの組み合わせ。
a)ジメチルハイドロジェンシロキシ末端ポリジメチルシロキサン、
b)ジメチルハイドロジェンシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルハイドロジェンシロキサン)、
c)ジメチルハイドロジェンシロキシ末端ポリメチルハイドロジェンシロキサン、
d)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン/メチルハイドロジェンシロキサン)、
e)トリメチルシロキシ末端ポリメチルハイドロジェンシロキサン、
f)a)、b)、c)、d)及びe)の2つ以上の組み合わせ。
図1は、本発明の方法を実行するのに使用可能な装置100の例である。第1の接触器101は、ガラス転移温度が≦25℃の非多孔質架橋エラストマーの粒子102の、第1の充填床を収容する。第1の接触器101は、第1の入口103、及び第1の出口104を有する。供給ライン105を使用して、上述した混合物を、入口バルブ106から第1の入口103に通して、第1の接触器101の中に供給することができる。混合物が第1の接触器101を通過すると、揮発性成分が粒子102内に収着する。除去処理した混合物が、第1の出口104を通って第1の接触器101から出て、出口バルブ107を通って、出口ライン108を通って出る。除去処理した混合物は、図示しない収集容器に保管可能な精製生成物である。
全ての量、比及び百分率は、特に指示しない限り、重量に基づく。冠詞「a」、「an」、及び「the」はそれぞれ、明細書の文脈により特に指示がない限り、1つ以上を指す。範囲の開示は、その範囲自体及び範囲内に包含される任意のもの、並びに端点を含む。例えば、2.0〜4.0の範囲の開示は、2.0〜4.0の範囲だけでなく、2.1、2.3、3.4、3.5、及び4.0も個別に含み、並びに範囲内に包含される任意の他の数も含む。更に、例えば、2.0〜4.0の範囲の開示は、例えば、2.1〜3.5、2.3〜3.4、2.6〜3.7、及び3.8〜4.0の部分集合、並びにその範囲内に包含される任意の他の部分集合も含む。同様に、マーカッシュ群の開示は、その群全体を含み、そこに包含される任意の個別の要素及び部分集合も含む。例えば、マーカッシュ群「水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基」の開示には、その要素である個々のアルキル、下位群であるアルキル及びアリール、並びに任意の他の個々の要素及びその中に包含される下位群を含む。
Claims (9)
- 揮発性成分及び少なくとも1種の他の成分を含む混合物中において、前記揮発性成分を除去処理するための方法であって、前記方法は、
1)前記揮発性成分の少なくとも一部を非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーのバルク中に収着することにより、収着前の前記混合物よりも少ない前記揮発性成分を含有する除去処理した混合物を形成して、収着した揮発性成分を含む前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーを増強処理し、これにより増強処理した架橋エラストマーを形成する工程であって、工程1)中に、前記揮発性成分の少なくとも一部は気相中にある、工程と、
2)前記増強処理した架橋エラストマーから前記収着した揮発性成分の少なくとも一部を脱着することにより、脱着した揮発性成分、及び脱着前の前記増強処理した架橋エラストマーよりも少ない前記収着した揮発性成分を含有する再生したエラストマーを形成する工程と、
3)前記再生したエラストマーを、繰り返す工程1)にて前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーの全部分又は一部分として使用する工程と、
4)工程1)の際及び/又は後に前記除去処理した混合物、並びに工程2)の際及び/又は後に前記脱着した揮発性成分の、一方又は両方を配分する工程と、
を含み、
前記揮発性成分は、前記混合物中で前記少なくとも1種の他の成分の蒸気圧未満の蒸気圧を有し、
前記揮発性成分は、3〜12の重合度を有する環式ポリオルガノシロキサン、シラン、又は14以下の重合度を有する非環式ポリオルガノシロキサンであり、
前記揮発性成分は、70℃で少なくとも0.1mmHgの純成分蒸気圧を有する、方法。 - 前記揮発性成分は3〜12の重合度を有する環式ポリオルガノシロキサンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物はプロセス蒸気流であり、前記除去処理した混合物は除去処理したプロセス蒸気である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーは、薄膜、コーティングされた支持材料、ナノロッド、微粒子、及び繊維から選択される形態を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーは、
1)成分を組み合わせること、及び架橋させることで、溶媒の存在下にて前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーを形成する工程と、
2)その後、前記溶媒を取り除く工程と、
を含む方法により調製される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 工程1)における前記成分は、
(A)ヒドロシリル化触媒と、
(B)平均して1分子当たり、2個以上のケイ素結合脂肪族不飽和炭化水素基を有するポリオルガノシロキサンと、
(C)平均して1分子当たり、2個より多いケイ素結合水素原子を有する架橋剤と、
(E)前記溶媒と、
を含み、
(D)阻害剤
を含むか又は含まず、
工程2)は前記組成物を加熱することにより実施される、
請求項5に記載の方法。 - 混合物中において揮発性成分を除去処理するための装置であって、
a)内部容積空間を画定し、入口と、前記内部容積空間を介して前記入口と流体連通した出口と、を有する接触器であって、前記接触器の前記内部容積空間は非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーを含有し、前記装置の操作中、揮発性成分及び少なくとも1種の他の成分を含む混合物が前記入口を通って前記接触器に入り、前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーと接触することにより、前記揮発性成分の少なくとも一部が前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーにより収着され、除去処理した混合物が前記出口を通って前記接触器から出るようにした、接触器、
を含み、
b)前記接触器の前記出口と流体連通し、前記除去処理した混合物を回収するように構成されたコレクタ
を含むか又は含まず、
c)前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーと流体連通し、前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーから脱着した揮発性成分を回収するように構成された回収装置
を含むか又は含まず、
前記揮発性成分は、前記少なくとも1種の他の成分の蒸気圧未満の蒸気圧を有し、
前記揮発性成分は、3〜12の重合度を有する環式ポリオルガノシロキサン、シラン、又は14以下のDPを有する非環式ポリオルガノシロキサンであり、
前記揮発性成分は、70℃で少なくとも0.1mmHgの純成分蒸気圧を有する、装置。 - 前記接触器は、微粒子形態の前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーの充填床を含む充填床装置である、請求項7に記載の装置。
- 前記混合物の並流用に前記接触器と共に配置された第2の接触器、第2の接触器の第2の入口への分流器又は第2の混合物フィード、を更に含む装置であって、前記第2の接触器は第2の内部容積空間を画定し、前記第2の内部容積空間を介して前記第2の入口と流体連通した第2の出口を有し、前記第2の接触器の前記第2の内部容積空間は、前記非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーと同一又は異なることができる第2の非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーを含有し、前記装置の操作中、前記揮発性成分及び少なくとも1種の他の成分を含む前記混合物は、前記第2の入口を通って前記第2の接触器に入り、前記第2の非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーと接触することにより、前記揮発性成分の少なくとも一部が前記第2の非多孔質架橋ポリオルガノシロキサンエラストマーにより収着され、除去処理した混合物が前記第2の出口を通って前記第2の接触器から出るようにした、請求項8に記載の装置。
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