JP6644259B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer.

  Patent Literature 1 describes a method in which the rotation speed of a rotary valve that feeds out dried grains is rotated at a high speed or a low speed by an inverter according to a drying loss rate.

JP-A-63-21478

  In the early stage of drying, many long foreign substances such as straw waste are mixed in the embedding grain. Therefore, when the grain dried in the drying chamber is fed by the rotary valve, a lot of long foreign substances are mixed in, and the amount of the fed grain is reduced accordingly. Further, as the drying proceeds, the long foreign matter is sucked out by a dust extractor provided on the ceiling portion of the dryer and is sequentially reduced, and the water content of the grain is reduced, and the bulk density of the grain is increased, so that the foreign matter is fed out. Grain volume increases. As a result, the amount of grain delivered by the rotary valve is not stable.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to perform a drying operation with good circulation by stabilizing the amount of grain fed from a rotary valve.

As means for solving the problem, the invention of claim 1 is
In a storage room for storing grain, a drying room for drying the grain, a rotary valve for feeding out the grain in the drying room, and a grain dryer including a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grain,
In the case of a region where the moisture value of the grain is high than in the case of a region where the moisture value of the grain is low, the control unit performs control in which the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is large,
If the moisture value measured by the moisture meter is equal to or greater than the set value, control is performed so that the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is large. Performs control with a small number of valve revolutions,
A grain setting switch for selecting the grain type is provided on the operation panel,
When selecting the paddy with the grain setting switch, based on the moisture value measured by the moisture meter, performs control to change the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time,
When wheat is selected by the grain setting switch, control is performed to keep the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time constant regardless of the moisture value measured by the moisture meter .

The invention of claim 2 is
In a storage room for storing grain, a drying room for drying the grain, a rotary valve for feeding out the grain in the drying room, and a grain dryer including a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grain,
In the case of a region where the grain moisture value is high than the case where the grain moisture value is low, the control unit performs control in which the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is large,
A grain setting switch for selecting the grain type is provided on the operation panel,
When selecting the paddy with the grain setting switch, based on the moisture value measured by the moisture meter, performs control to change the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time,
When wheat is selected by the grain setting switch, control is performed to keep the number of revolutions of the rotary valve per unit time constant irrespective of the moisture value measured by the moisture meter .

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The drying chamber is configured to feed out the grains in the two grain distribution lower passages by rotating and reversing a single rotary valve,
When the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is increased, it is characterized in that the rotary valve is alternately rotated forward for a plurality of continuous rotations and reversed for a plurality of continuous rotations .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the drying operation by favorable circulation can be performed by stabilizing the amount of grain sent out from a rotary valve.

Appearance perspective view of grain dryer Diagram explaining the inside of the grain dryer viewed from the front Diagram explaining the inside of the lower half grain dryer viewed from the side Operation panel diagram Diagram showing circulation mechanism Diagram showing the operation of the rotary valve Diagram showing the operation of the rotary valve Diagram showing the operation of the rotary valve Flow chart showing drying operation Flow chart showing rotation control of a rotary valve

  The grain dryer of the present embodiment will be described below.

  Inside the box-shaped machine wall 1, there are provided a storage room 2 for storing grains from above and a drying chamber 3 for drying the grains. The drying chamber 3 includes a hot air chamber 5 through which the hot air generated by the combustion burner 4 passes, lower and upper left and right sides of the hot air chamber 5 where grain flows down, and left and right of lower grain distribution chambers 6a and 6b. On the outside, an exhaust air chamber 8 is provided in which hot air that has passed from the hot air chamber 5 through the grain distribution lower chamber 6 is exhausted by the action of the exhaust fan 7 to be exhausted.

  The combustion burner 4 is provided in a combustion burner case 9 on the front side of the machine wall 1, and the exhaust fan 7 is provided on the back side of the machine wall 1. A far infrared radiator 10 is provided in the hot air chamber 5.

  At the lower ends of the left and right grain distribution lower chambers 6a and 6b, there is provided a rotary valve 11 for feeding out grains, and below the rotary valve 11, a lower spiral 12 for conveying the grains fed by the rotary valve 11 to the front side is provided. A bucket type elevator 14 for raising the grain transported by the lower spiral 12 or the grain stuck in the input hopper 13 is provided on the front side of the machine wall 1, and the grain lifted by the elevator 14 is stored in the storage room 2. The upper spiral 15 to be conveyed is installed in the upper spiral gutter 16 at the ceiling of the machine wall 1. In the present embodiment, the rotary valve 11, the lower spiral 12, the elevator 14, and the upper spiral 15 are referred to as a circulation mechanism for circulating grains in the grain dryer. The upper spiral gutter 16 is provided with a dust extractor 17 that sucks and discharges straw waste mixed with grains transported by the upper spiral 15.

  A moisture meter 18 is provided in the middle of the elevator 14 to take in the grains falling from the bucket of the elevator 14 and measure the moisture value. A discharge shutter 19 for discharging grains to the outside of the machine is provided above the elevator 14.

  The rotary valve 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an accommodation room 11a for accommodating grains therein and an intake port 11b for taking in grains into the accommodation room 11a. That is, it is formed in a C-shaped cross section. Further, the rotary valve motor 20 is configured to be capable of normal and reverse rotation. The gaps between the rotary valve 11 and the grain distribution lower chambers 6a, 6b are closed by seal members 34a, 34b.

  An operation panel 21 including an operation switch for operating the grain dryer is provided on the front side of the machine wall 1. The operation switches include a switch 22 for inserting grains, a ventilation switch 23 for so-called ventilation operation for driving the exhaust fan 7 and the circulation mechanism, and a drying switch 24 for igniting the combustion burner 4 and performing a drying operation. And a discharge switch 25 for discharging operation for discharging the grains in the storage room 2 out of the machine, and a stop switch 26 for stopping the operation.

  Further, a grain setting switch 27 for selecting a variety of the grain inlaid in the storage chamber 2, a drying speed selection switch 28 for selecting a drying speed, a moisture setting switch 29 for setting a target moisture value, Are set, and an emergency stop switch 31 is provided.

  Further, a drying operation display screen 32 for displaying information of the drying operation such as the moisture value and the remaining drying operation time, and a setting display screen 33 for displaying the set filling amount or the set moisture value are provided.

  Further, a control unit (not shown) for controlling the operation is built in the operation panel 21.

  Next, feeding of the grain from the grain drying chamber 3 by the rotary valve 11 will be described.

  The initial position of the intake port 11b of the rotary valve 11 faces downward (see FIG. 6). First, clockwise rotation is performed. In this case, the intake port 11b of the rotary valve 11 passes through the lower end of the lower grain distribution lower chamber 6a (see FIG. 7). During this passage, the grains in the lower grain distribution lower chamber 6a flow into the intake port 11b, so that the grains are filled in the storage chamber 11a. Then, the rotary valve 11 is rotated forward as it is, and the intake port 11b passes through the lower end of the right grain distribution lower chamber 6b. At this time, since the inside of the accommodation room 11a is already filled with the grain, the grain hardly flows from the grain distribution lower chamber 6b on the right side, the rotary valve 11 further rotates forward, and the intake port 11b rotates downward by one rotation. Then, the grains in the storage chamber 11 a fall and are supplied to the lower spiral 12.

  When the rotary valve 11 is reversed (counterclockwise), when the intake port 11b passes through the right grain distribution lower chamber 6b (FIG. 8), it flows into the storage chamber 11a from the right grain distribution lower chamber 6b, and enters the storage chamber 11a. The cereal is filled (FIG. 8). Then, the intake 11b passes through the lower end portion of the lower grain distribution lower chamber 6a on the left side, and the intake 11b faces downward with one rotation so that the grains in the storage chamber 11a fall and are discharged.

  The rotation speed of the rotary valve 11 is constant (for example, one rotation in 10 seconds), but the number of rotations per unit time can be changed.

  For example, FIG. 10A illustrates a first rotation control in which the rotary valve 11 is continuously rotated a plurality of times (three times) and continuously rotated a plurality of times (three times) in the reverse direction. I have. Further, FIG. 10B shows a second rotation control in which the motor rotates once in a cycle of normal rotation once and then in a reverse direction once after a stop (interval) of a set time at an initial position. The interval time in the second rotation control is desirably a short time (for example, 2 to 5 seconds) shorter than the time required for rotation. FIG. 10C shows a third rotation control in which the interval time is longer than the second rotation control. The interval in the third rotation control is desirably set to be longer than the time during which the rotary valve makes one rotation (for example, 20 seconds). As described above, the number of rotations (rotation amount) per unit time of the first rotation control is the largest.

  Next, the drying operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, a loading operation is performed in which grains are loaded into the storage room 2 from the charging hopper 13. At this time, the moisture value of the grain that has been fried by the elevator 14 is measured by the moisture meter 18. Then, after completion of the setting operation, the operator selects the cultivated varieties with the cereal setting switch 27, selects a desired drying speed with the drying speed selection switch 28, and sets the target moisture value with the moisture setting switch 29. Is set, and the amount of cereal stuffed is input by the stuffing amount setting switch 30.

  First, a case where rice is dried to a target moisture value of 14% will be described.

  When the drying switch 24 is operated, the combustion burner 4, the exhaust fan 7, the dust exhauster 17, the circulation mechanism, and the like start to be driven, and the grains undergo a drying action in the drying chamber 3 while circulating in the apparatus.

  When the moisture value of the paddy measured at the time of the filling operation is 18% or more, the first rotation control in which the number of rotations of the rotary valve 11 per unit time is large is performed. In other words, at the start of drying, many long foreign substances such as straw waste are contained, and paddy having a high moisture value has a low bulk density. Therefore, by rotating the rotary valve 11 many times, the circulation amount is secured and stable circulation is achieved. To do. In addition, it quickly converges variations and spots in water.

  When the drying operation proceeds and the moisture value of the paddy reaches less than 18%, the rotation control of the rotary valve 11 is switched from the first rotation control to the second rotation control. That is, as the drying operation proceeds, the long foreign matter is suctioned and discharged by the dust collector 17, and the bulk density of the paddy due to the decrease in the moisture value increases. Therefore, even if the rotation speed of the rotary valve 11 is reduced, It is possible to secure the amount of unhulled rice. Then, when the water content reaches 14% of the target moisture value, the combustion burner 4 stops, and the drying operation ends. By controlling the rotation of the rotary valve 11 according to the present embodiment, a stable circulation amount can be ensured both in the case of paddy in a high moisture region and in the case of paddy in a low moisture region, and a good drying operation Can be performed.

  Next, the drying operation of wheat will be described.

  In the case of wheat, the change in the bulk density due to the reduction in the moisture value is smaller than that in the paddy, and the wheat is easily damaged by increasing the number of rotations of the rotary valve 11, so that the number of rotations is the standard number of rotations. The second rotation control is performed.

  Next, the drying operation of soybeans will be described.

  In the case of soybeans, since the damage due to circulation is more likely than that of paddy and wheat, the drying operation is performed by the third rotation control having the lowest number of rotations.

  In the present embodiment, the switching from the first rotation control to the second rotation control is performed based on the moisture value. In addition, when the set time (for example, one hour) elapses from the start of the drying operation, the first rotation control is performed. The rotation control may be switched to the second rotation control. In this case, the set time is changed in accordance with the setting amount set with the setting switch 30. That is, the time required for the stuffed grain to circulate one time varies depending on the amount of stuffing. Therefore, the first rotation control is performed for a time corresponding to one circulation, and the second rotation control is performed for the drying operation after the second circulation.

  Further, the switching of the rotation control based on the set time may be used when the grain moisture value at the time of filling is less than the set moisture value (less than 18%). That is, the first rotation control is performed during the first set time even if the grain at the start of drying is less than 18%, and the second rotation control is switched after the set time has elapsed. This makes it possible to cope with a case where a large amount of long foreign matter is contained, even if the moisture value at the time of filling is low.

2 Storage room 3 Drying room 11 Rotary valve 18 Moisture meter 21 Operation panel 27 Grain setting switch

Claims (3)

In a storage room for storing grain, a drying room for drying the grain, a rotary valve for feeding out the grain in the drying room, and a grain dryer including a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grain,
In the case of a region where the moisture value of the grain is high than in the case of a region where the moisture value of the grain is low, the control unit performs control in which the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is large,
If the moisture value measured by the moisture meter is equal to or greater than the set value, control is performed so that the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is large. Performs control with a small number of rotations of the valve,
A grain setting switch for selecting the grain type is provided on the operation panel,
When selecting the paddy with the grain setting switch, based on the moisture value measured by the moisture meter, performs control to change the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time,
A grain dryer characterized in that when wheat is selected with a grain setting switch, control is performed to keep the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time constant regardless of the moisture value measured by the moisture meter . In a storage room for storing grain, a drying room for drying the grain, a rotary valve for feeding out the grain in the drying room, and a grain dryer including a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grain,
In the case of a region where the grain moisture value is high than the case where the grain moisture value is low, the control unit performs control in which the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is large,
A grain setting switch for selecting a grain type is provided on the operation panel,
When selecting the paddy with the grain setting switch, based on the moisture value measured by the moisture meter, performs control to change the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time,
A grain dryer characterized in that when wheat is selected with a grain setting switch, control is performed to keep the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time constant regardless of the moisture value measured by the moisture meter . The drying chamber is configured to feed out the grains in the two grain distribution lower passages by rotating and reversing a single rotary valve,
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein when the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is increased, the rotary valve is alternately rotated forward for a plurality of continuous rotations and reversed for a plurality of continuous rotations. grain drying machine according to.

Images