JP2008032257A - Grain drying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To seize the condition of the moisture content distribution of grains in a whole grain drying machine and easily actualize adequate drying control by precisely measuring the moisture content of the grains in each of grain layer built up and charged into the grain drying machine. <P>SOLUTION: After completion of charging work for the grains, a charged grain amount setting means 20 sets the charged amount of the grains. Then, a control part 41 calculates a circulation time (t) required for circulating the grains once in accordance with the charged amount set by the charged grain amount setting means 20 and sets a measuring frequency (k) for moisture content measuring work to be done in the circulation time (t) from start of the drying process to completion of the circulation of the grains once. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer.

In Patent Document 1, the moisture of a plurality of sample kernels is measured in a single measurement, the average moisture value is calculated, and the variation is corrected by, for example, performing a pause when the variation of the sample kernel moisture is large. Means are disclosed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-50487

In patent document 1, the variation degree of the moisture of a grain is judged from the result of one moisture measurement.
In particular, in a large grain dryer, harvested grains from a plurality of different fields may be stacked and stuck on the same grain dryer. If it becomes so, the water | moisture content of the grain at the time of harvest may change with fields, and the grain layer of a different water | moisture content will be piled up sequentially in a grain dryer. For this reason, there is a drawback that only the result of one moisture measurement can only determine the degree of grain variation in a specific layer, and the distribution of moisture throughout the grain dryer is not known.

  The present invention grasps the moisture distribution state of the whole grain in the grain dryer by measuring the moisture of each grain layer stacked and stuck in the grain dryer, and performs appropriate drying control. It is an object to make it easy to perform.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
That is, in the invention according to claim 1, the circulation means for circulating the grain from the storage chamber (10) through the drying chamber (11) to the storage chamber (10) again, and the tension that can set the amount of the tension kernel A grain amount setting means (20), a drying means (4) for performing a drying process for drying the grain, and a moisture measuring device (9) for taking in a plurality of sample grains and performing moisture measurement in one moisture measurement And a controller (41) for controlling the circulation means and the drying means (4),
When the amount of grain to be set is set by the set amount of grain to be set (20) after the end of the work for laying the grain, the control unit (41) is set by the means for setting the amount of set grain (20). Based on the amount of tension, the circulation time (t) required to perform the circulation of the grain once is calculated, and the circulation time from the start of the drying process to the completion of the circulation of the grain once (T) It is set as the structure which sets it as the structure which sets the frequency | count (k) of the water | moisture-content measurement performed in it, It is set as the grain dryer characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the invention according to claim 2, after the circulation of the grain is finished once after the start of drying, the moisture measurement is performed at every preset time regardless of the amount of the onion grain. 1 grain dryer.

  In invention of Claim 1, since it can grasp | ascertain the moisture distribution state of the grain of each layer of the whole grain dryer inside by being able to set the frequency | count of moisture measurement according to the amount of stretched grain, grain When the variation degree of the moisture distribution for each layer is large, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the drying control for correcting the variation.

  In the invention according to claim 2, by setting the number of times of moisture measurement according to the amount of entrapped kernel until it circulates once from the start of drying, the grain of each layer in the entire grain dryer at the time of entrapping Measure the grain unnecessarily by measuring the moisture at every preset time regardless of the amount of squeezed grain after the end of circulation once from the start of drying. By reducing the amount of data, the data capacity for storing moisture measurement data can be reduced.

As one of the best modes for carrying out the present invention, a grain dryer will be described in detail.
The grain dryer includes a multi-stage box 1 that contains grains, and the front side of the box 1 is a combustion burner containing chamber 5 that includes an elevator 2 that raises grains and a combustion burner 4 that generates hot air. And an operation panel 6 provided with various switches for operating the drying operation, and the ceiling side of the box 1 is provided with a transport device 3 for conveying the grains cerealed by the elevator 2 to the inside of the box 1, and the box 1 Is provided with an exhaust fan 7 for sucking hot air in the box 1, and an opening / closing door 19 a for opening and closing a slot 19 for feeding grains is provided on the side of the box 1. The elevator 2 is provided with a moisture meter 9 for detecting the moisture of the grain and a grain outlet 18 for discharging the grain in the box 1 to the outside of the machine. 3 is provided with a dust collecting device 50 that collects dust and other foreign matters mixed in the grain conveyed. The operation panel 6 includes a control unit 41 that controls the drying operation.

In the box 1, a storage chamber 10 is provided in the upper stage, and a drying chamber 11 is provided in the lower stage.
In the upper part of the storage chamber 10, diffusion blades 12 for diffusing the grains transported by the upper spiral 3 a in the transport device 3 into the storage chamber 10, and the tension amount of grains for detecting the amount of grains in the box 1 A detection sensor 20 is provided. This stretched grain amount detection sensor 20 has a configuration in which the weight 20a is suspended and supported by the string 20b, and the weight 20a is lowered by the winding device 20c and brought into contact with the top surface of the stretched grain so that the weight is supported. The amount of tension is detected by detecting the height of the tension of the inlaid grain by raising it.

  The drying chamber 11 includes a hot air chamber 13 through which hot air generated by the combustion burner 4 passes, a downflow passage 14 through which grains flow down from the storage chamber 10, and an exhaust air chamber 15 that receives the suction action of the exhaust air fan 7. Is done. Note that the combustion surface 4 a of the combustion burner 4 is configured to face the hot air chamber 13. A rotary valve 16 is provided at the lower end portion of the flow-down passage 14 to feed the grains that have flowed down the flow-down passage 14 by a predetermined amount. A lower portion that conveys the grain fed out by the rotary valve 16 to the elevator 2 below the rotary valve 16. A spiral 17 is provided.

  The operation panel 6 will be described. It includes an extension switch SW0, a ventilation drying switch SW1, a drying switch SW2, a discharge switch SW3, a stop switch SW4, a liquid crystal display screen h for displaying various measurement results, and the like.

  The block diagram of FIG. 3 will be described. Information of various sensors such as the outside air temperature sensor SE1, the hot air temperature sensor SE2, the stretched grain amount detection sensor 20, and the grain temperature sensor SE8 is input to the control unit 41. Then, it is output to the combustion burner 4, moisture meter 9, exhaust fan 7, rotary valve 16 that is a circulation means, lower spiral 17, elevator 2, upper spiral 3 a, and diffusion blade 12.

Next, each process from the grain filling process to the drying process will be described.
When the tension switch SW0 is pressed, the lower spiral 17, the elevator 2, the upper spiral 3a, and the diffusion blade 12 start driving, and the operator opens the open / close door 19a and inputs the harvested grains. The input grains are sequentially conveyed by the lower helix 17, the elevator 2, and the upper helix 3 a and are diffused into the storage chamber 10 by the diffusion blade 12.

When the operator presses the stop switch SW4, the driving of the lower spiral 17, the elevator 2, the upper spiral 3a, and the diffusion blade 12 is stopped, and the attaching process is completed.
When the drying switch SW2 is pressed when starting the drying process, the combustion burner 4 starts combustion, the exhaust fan 7 and the dust collector 50 start driving, and the rotary valve 16, the lower spiral 17, the elevator 2, and the upper part. The spiral 3a and the diffusion blade 12 start driving, and the circulation of the grains is performed. The circulating grains are dried while receiving hot air from the hot air chamber 13 when flowing down the grain flow passage 14 of the drying chamber 11, and are dried to the set moisture while being measured by the moisture meter 9 every set time. It will be done.

Next, details of the drying process from the filling process to the end of the drying process and switching of the display screen h will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
When the tensioning process is started, the detection value and the overload value of the load current sensor SE7 of the drive motor of the elevator 2 are displayed in time series (screen A). That is, the presence or absence of the grain clogging of the elevator 2 is detected.

  When the operator presses the stop switch SW4, the stretching process is stopped, and the stretched grain amount detection sensor 20 starts detecting the stretched grain amount. During this time, the standby screen (screen b) is displayed, and when the amount of tension is detected, the amount of tension (3000 kg), the level of tension (LV1 to LV10 in this embodiment), and the amount of tension (this In the embodiment, the remaining 3000 kg) is displayed (screen c).

Then, a setting screen (screen d) for drying conditions such as grain type, amount of filling, moisture setting, drying speed and the like is displayed, and although not described in detail, an operator can touch the screen and set as appropriate.
When the operator presses the tension switch SW0 again, the tensioning process is resumed, and the screen is switched to a standby screen (screen a) during the tensioning operation, and the same order as described above is repeated.

  When the tension amount is detected by the tension kernel detection sensor 20 and is input to the control unit 41, the number of times of moisture measurement k corresponding to the tension amount is calculated as shown in FIG. It is performed every set time within a circulation time t until the circulation once after the start of drying. In addition, the time t which circulates once is calculated by the control part 41 from the amount of squeezed kernels, and the moisture measurement is performed every time the circulation time t is equally divided by the number of measurement k. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the tension level is LV10 and the grain content is 6000 kg, it takes 48 minutes to circulate once, and the measurement time is 12 times, that is, moisture is measured every 4 minutes. Is.

  When the switch SW2 is pressed on the drying switch, the combustion device 4 starts combustion and the grains start to circulate in the box 1. At that time, the screen displays that the operation is in progress (screen e), and the moisture meter 9 performs moisture measurement for each set time for the set number of times until circulation once after the start of drying. At that time, the screen displays that the moisture measurement at the initial stage of drying is being performed (to the screen).

  In addition, in one water | moisture content measurement, as shown in FIG. 7, 32 grains | grains are measured at a time, and an average moisture value (m) is detected each time. And the dispersion | variation degree of the water | moisture content of 32 grains detected by one water | moisture content measurement is displayed on a screen for every measurement (screen G), and a grain layer (LV1-LV10) will be complete | finished once from the start of drying. ) The average moisture value (m) measured every time is displayed (screen h and FIG. 10) to display the moisture distribution state of the grain layer.

  Immediately after the start of the drying process, it is possible to set the number of times of moisture measurement according to the amount of squeezed grain, so that the moisture distribution state of the grains in each layer in the whole grain dryer can be grasped. For this reason, when there is considerable variation in the moisture distribution state for each grain layer, a configuration that can be controlled to correct the variation in moisture distribution for each grain layer by performing an air circulation process described later during the drying process. May be. In addition, when there is a considerable variation in the moisture distribution state for each grain layer, the fact is displayed on the display screen h, and it is selected whether or not to perform control to correct the variation in moisture distribution for each grain layer. A switch may be displayed on the display screen h to allow the operator to select it.

  After the set number of measurements k is completed and the distribution state of the grain layer is displayed, the moisture value is measured for each set time regardless of the amount of the inset grain, and the degree of variation is displayed for each measurement. The measurement interval time is measured at an interval longer than the measurement interval at the start of drying (for example, every 20 minutes), thereby preventing unnecessary use of many sample grains for moisture measurement and storing moisture measurement data. Data capacity to be reduced.

  Then, during the drying process, that is, the progress of grain moisture reduction and the predicted completion of the drying process are displayed on the screen (screen re). In the screen, a solid line indicates past data and a broken line indicates prediction.

  When the set moisture value is reached, the drying process ends, the moisture variation at the end is displayed on the screen (screen n), and then the onset grain amount detection sensor detects the onset grain amount at the end of the drying process. Start (screen le).

  When the amount of squeezed grain is detected, the time required to circulate once based on FIG. 8 is calculated, and ventilation circulation is performed for a desired number of circulations (for example, one time). For example, when the grain amount at the end of the drying process is LV4, the circulation time of one time is calculated as 24 minutes, and the exhaust fan 7, the rotary valve 16, the lower spiral 17, the elevator 2, the upper spiral 3a, and the diffusion blade 12 are calculated. The circulating means starts driving and performs an air circulation process for 24 minutes, and then automatically stops.

According to this configuration, it is possible to perform a ventilation circulation process suitable for the amount of squeezed kernel to cool the squeezed kernel, and thus it is possible to prevent useless power from being used.
As shown in FIG. 9, the screen during the ventilation circulation process displays a graph in which changes in the cereal temperature and the outside air temperature are time-sequentially displayed. For this reason, it is easy to determine whether the grain temperature is suitable for the hulling operation while performing the ventilation circulation process. That is, when the grain temperature reaches the outside air temperature, the operator can manually stop the ventilation circulation process. Further, when the cereal temperature reaches the outside air temperature, the ventilation circulation process may be automatically stopped even if the set time has not been reached, thereby saving the power consumption.

  In the present embodiment, changes in grain temperature and outside air temperature are displayed in time series, but changes in moisture values may be displayed on the same graph.

The figure which shows the inside of the grain dryer seen from the front The figure which shows the inside of the grain dryer seen from the side Operation panel diagram of grain dryer The figure which shows the change of the display screen in the insertion process The figure which shows switching of the display screen in the drying process Block Diagram The figure which shows the measurement result of the moisture measurement immediately after the start of drying Diagram showing the relationship between the amount of tension, one circulation time, and the number of moisture measurements The figure which shows the change of the grain temperature and the outside temperature in the ventilation circulation process in time series Diagram showing moisture distribution for each grain layer

Explanation of symbols

4 Combustion device (combustion burner)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Storage chamber 11 Drying chamber 20 Overhang grain amount setting means 9 Moisture measuring device 41 Control part t Time required to circulate the grain once k The moisture measurement performed from the start of the drying process to the end of the circulation once Number of measurements

Claims (2)

Circulation means for circulating the grain from the storage chamber (10) to the storage chamber (10) again through the drying chamber (11), an onset grain amount setting means (20) capable of setting the amount of onset grain, and grain A drying means (4) for performing a drying process for drying the grains, a moisture measuring device (9) for taking a plurality of sample grains and measuring moisture in one moisture measurement, and the circulating means and the drying means (4). A control unit (41) for controlling
When the amount of grain to be set is set by the set amount of grain to be set (20) after the end of the work for laying the grain, the control unit (41) is set by the means for setting the amount of set grain (20). Based on the amount of tension, the circulation time (t) required to perform the circulation of the grain once is calculated, and the circulation time from the start of the drying process to the completion of the circulation of the grain once The grain dryer characterized by having set the frequency | count (k) of the moisture measurement performed in (t).   The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein after the circulation of the grain is finished once after the start of drying, the moisture measurement is performed every preset time regardless of the amount of the stretched grain.

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