JP6605382B2 - 半導体装置及び半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置及び半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6605382B2 JP6605382B2 JP2016068625A JP2016068625A JP6605382B2 JP 6605382 B2 JP6605382 B2 JP 6605382B2 JP 2016068625 A JP2016068625 A JP 2016068625A JP 2016068625 A JP2016068625 A JP 2016068625A JP 6605382 B2 JP6605382 B2 JP 6605382B2
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Description
以下、図1〜図9に従って第1実施形態を説明する。
図1に示すように、半導体装置10Aは、BGA(Ball Grid Array)型の配線基板20と、その配線基板20の上面に実装された半導体素子30と、半導体素子30上に接着剤40を介して配置された放熱板50と、半導体素子30等を封止する封止樹脂60とを有している。
はんだボール23は、基板本体21の下面に形成されている。はんだボール23の材料としては、例えば、鉛(Pb)を含む合金、錫(Sn)とCuの合金、Snと銀(Ag)の合金、SnとAgとCuの合金などを用いることができる。このはんだボール23は、例えば、マザーボード等の実装基板と接続される外部接続端子として機能する。
続いて、図5(a)に示すように、複数のベース板51が連結された大判の放熱板70を用意する。放熱板70には、基板本体21の個別領域C1(図3(a)参照)に対応して複数の個別領域E1がマトリクス状(図5(a)では、4×3)に形成されている。すなわち、個別領域E1は、個別領域C1(図3(a)参照)と同一の平面配置で形成されている。また、放熱板70は、複数の個別領域E1を囲むように形成されたフレーム部71を有している。
塩化ニッケル 75g/L
チオシアン酸ナトリウム 15g/L
塩化アンモニウム 30g/L
ホウ酸 30g/L
pH: 約4.5〜5.5
浴温: 常温(約25℃)
処理時間: 約1〜30分間
陰極電流密度: 約1〜3A/dm2
このように、使用するめっき液の組成や電流密度等を適切に調整することにより、金属層52の表面が粗化面52Rに形成され、その粗化面52Rの粗度を所望の表面粗度に設定させることができる。なお、上述しためっき液の組成やめっき条件は一例であり、金属層52の粗化面52Rが所望の表面粗度になるように調整されるのであれば、その組成や条件は特に限定されない。
スルファミン酸ニッケル 320g/L
硼酸 30g/L
臭化ニッケル 10g/L
pH: 約3.0〜4.0
浴温: 約30〜50℃
陰極電流密度: 約3〜30A/cm2
このように、使用するめっき液の組成や電流密度等を適切に調整することにより、金属層53の表面が平滑面53Sに形成され、その平滑面53Sの粗度を所望の表面粗度に設定させることができる。なお、上述しためっき液の組成やめっき条件は一例であり、金属層53の平滑面53Sが所望の表面粗度になるように調整されるのであれば、その組成や条件は特に限定されない。
次に、図7(a)及び図7(b)に示す工程では、各個別領域E1内において各突出部56の中途部分を切断し、放熱板70を各放熱板50毎に切断する。具体的には、図7(b)に示すように、各突出部56の延出部58及びその延出部58を被覆する金属層52,53を、延出部58の延出方向の中途で分断する。すなわち、図7(a)に示すように、延出部58の延出方向の中途に、隣接する開口部70Xを連通する開口部70Yを形成する。これにより、各放熱板50が隣接する放熱板50及びフレーム部71と分離され、各々個別の放熱板50に分割(個片化)される。このとき、ベース板51の突出部56(延出部58)の先端面(つまり、切断面)が外部に露出される。このため、切断面である突出部56の先端面には金属層52,53が形成されていない。
(1)配線基板20に半導体素子30をフリップチップ実装し、その半導体素子30の背面上に接着剤40を介して放熱板50を接着し、その放熱板50と配線基板20との間の空間を充填する封止樹脂60を形成するようにした。この封止樹脂60を設けたことにより、半導体装置10A全体の機械的強度を高めることができる。これにより、半導体装置10Aの反りを効果的に低減することができる。また、配線基板20及び放熱板50を薄型化することが可能となるため、半導体装置10A全体の薄型化を図ることができる。
以下、図10〜図13に従って第2実施形態を説明する。この実施形態の半導体装置10Bは、突出部56の構造が上記第1実施形態と異なっている。以下、第1実施形態との相違点を中心に説明する。なお、先の図1〜図9に示した部材と同一の部材にはそれぞれ同一の符号を付して示し、それら各要素についての詳細な説明は省略する。
図12(a)に示す工程では、図5及び図6に示した工程と同様に、大判の放熱板70の各個別領域E1に、ベース板51と金属層52,53とからなる放熱板50が形成された構造体を形成する。
(10)複数の放熱板50が連結された大判の放熱板70Aを半導体素子30上に接着するようにした。このため、複数(ここでは、12個)の放熱板50を各個別領域C1の半導体素子30上に一括して接着することができる。したがって、個々に切断された放熱板50を半導体素子30上に個別に接着する場合に比べて、複数の放熱板50を接着するための工数を削減することができる。この結果、製造時間を短縮することができ、製造コストの削減に貢献することができる。
以下、図14〜図17に従って第3実施形態を説明する。この実施形態の半導体装置10Cは、突出部56の形成位置が上記第1実施形態と異なっている。以下、第1実施形態との相違点を中心に説明する。なお、先の図1〜図13に示した部材と同一の部材にはそれぞれ同一の符号を付して示し、それら各要素についての詳細な説明は省略する。
(他の実施形態)
なお、上記各実施形態は、これを適宜変更した以下の態様にて実施することもできる。
例えば図18に示すように、突出部56の上面に、表面が粗化面52Rである金属層52を形成するようにしてもよい。すなわち、本例の金属層52は、突出部56の先端面以外の表面全面を被覆するように形成されている。この構成によれば、突出部56の上面において、封止樹脂60と接する面が粗化面52Rに形成される。これにより、アンカー効果が生じ、放熱板50と封止樹脂60との密着性を向上させることができる。このため、放熱板50が半導体素子30及び封止樹脂60から脱離することを好適に抑制できる。
例えば図19に示すように、ベース板51の上面に、表面が粗化面54Rである金属層54を形成するようにしてもよい。金属層54は、ベース板51の上面全面、つまり本体部55の上面全面及び突出部56の上面全面を被覆するように形成されている。粗化面54Rは、封止樹脂60との密着性の観点から、ベース板51の上面よりも表面粗度が大きくなるように設定されている。粗化面54Rの表面粗度は、表面粗さRa値で例えば0.1μm以上とすることができる。これにより、放熱板50と封止樹脂60との密着性を向上させることができる。
例えば図20に示すように、金属層52,53を省略し、ベース板51の下面自体を粗化面51Rとしてもよい。この場合には、例えば、図5に示した工程の後に、ベース板51の下面に粗化処理を施して粗化面51Rを形成する。この粗化処理は、例えば、レーザ処理、ブラスト処理、エッチング処理や黒化処理を用いることができる。
・図22に示すように、放熱板50の突出部56(ここでは、延出部58)を、接着剤82を介して、基板本体21の上面21Aに形成されたグランド配線24に接合するようにしてもよい。ここで、接着剤82は、導電性を有する導電性接着剤である。接着剤82としては、例えば、Agペーストを用いることができる。この接着剤82を介して、放熱板50はグランド配線24と電気的に接続されている。本例の放熱板50の材料としては、Cu、Ag、Al又はそれらの合金等の導電性を有する材料が用いられる。
なお、図18〜図22に示した変形例では、第1実施形態の半導体装置10Aを変更した例を示したが、第2及び第3実施形態の半導体装置10B,10Cも同様に変更することができる。
・図23に示すように、半導体装置10Aから金属層52,53を省略してもよい。この場合には、突出部56の上面及び下面に封止樹脂60が直接接し、それら突出部56の上面及び下面が封止樹脂60によって被覆される。なお、半導体装置10B,10Cも同様に、半導体装置10B,10Cから金属層52,53を省略してもよい。
・上記各実施形態では、製造過程における配線基板20を、マトリクス状に配列された複数の個別領域C1を有する配線基板に具体化した。これに限らず、例えば、個別領域C1が帯状に複数個配列された配線基板20に具体化してもよい。すなわち、個別領域C1がN×M個(Nは2以上の整数、Mは1以上の整数)配列された配線基板であれば、その個別領域C1の配列は特に限定されない。
・上記各実施形態及び上記各変形例では、BGA型の配線基板20に具体化したが、PGA(Pin Grid Array)型の配線基板やLGA(Land Grid Array)型の配線基板に具体化してもよい。
・上記各実施形態並びに各変形例は適宜組み合わせてもよい。例えば、上記第3実施形態の半導体装置10Cの放熱板50における突出部56を、半導体装置10Bの突出部56Aと同様に、その先端面が封止樹脂60から露出するように形成してもよい。
20 配線基板
21 基板本体
24 グランド配線
30 半導体素子
40 接着剤
50 放熱板
51 ベース板
51R 粗化面
52 金属層(第1金属層)
52R 粗化面
53 金属層(第2金属層)
53S 平滑面
54 金属層(第3金属層)
54R 粗化面
55 本体部
56,56A 突出部
57 接続部
58,58A 延出部
58X 切り欠き部
60 封止樹脂
70,70A 大判の放熱板
81 樹脂層
81S 平滑面
82 接着剤
Claims (10)
- 配線基板と、
前記配線基板に実装された半導体素子と、
前記半導体素子の上面に接着剤を介して設けられた放熱板と、
前記放熱板と前記配線基板との間に充填された封止樹脂と、を有し、
前記放熱板は、
前記半導体素子と平面視で重なるように形成され、前記半導体素子の平面形状よりも平面形状が大きく形成された本体部と、
前記本体部と一体に形成され、前記本体部の端部から外側に突出するように形成され、前記本体部よりも低い位置に設けられた突出部と、を有し、
前記封止樹脂は、前記突出部の上下両面及び側面を被覆するように形成され、
前記本体部の上面は、前記封止樹脂から露出され、
前記突出部の先端面を除く前記放熱板の側面は、前記本体部の上面よりも表面粗度の大きい粗化面であることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記放熱板の下面は、前記本体部の上面よりも表面粗度の大きい粗化面であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記放熱板は、前記本体部と前記突出部とを有するベース板と、前記ベース板の下面に形成された第1金属層と、前記本体部の上面に形成された第2金属層とを有し、
前記第1金属層の表面は、前記本体部の下面よりも表面粗度の大きい前記粗化面であり、
前記第2金属層の表面は、前記粗化面よりも表面粗度の小さい平滑面であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1金属層は、前記突出部の上面を被覆するように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記放熱板は、前記本体部と前記突出部とを有するベース板と、前記ベース板の下面に形成された第1金属層と、前記ベース板の上面に形成された第3金属層と、前記封止樹脂から露出された前記第3金属層の上面を被覆する樹脂層と、を有し、
前記第1金属層の表面は、前記本体部の下面よりも表面粗度の大きい前記粗化面であり、
前記第3金属層の表面は、前記本体部の上面よりも表面粗度の大きい粗化面であり、
前記樹脂層の表面は、前記第3金属層の表面よりも表面粗度の小さい平滑面であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記突出部は、前記本体部の角部から外側に突出するように形成され、又は前記本体部の外形をなす各辺の1箇所から外側に突出するように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記突出部は、前記本体部の端部から下方に屈曲された接続部と、前記接続部の端部から前記配線基板の外周縁に向かって前記本体部と平行となるように屈曲された延出部とを有することを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記突出部は、導電性を有する接着剤を介して、前記配線基板の上面に形成されたグランド配線と電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- N×M個(Nは2以上の整数、Mは1以上の整数)の個別領域を有する配線基板を準備し、前記各個別領域における前記配線基板の上面に半導体素子を実装する工程と、
本体部と、前記本体部と一体に形成され、前記本体部の端部から外側に突出して前記本体部と段差状に形成された突出部とを有する放熱板がN×M個連結された大判の放熱板を準備する工程と、
前記放熱板の側面に、前記本体部の上面よりも表面粗度の大きい粗化面を形成する工程と、
前記大判の放熱板を前記突出部の所定部分で切断し、N×M個の前記放熱板を各々個別に分割する工程と、
前記分割後のN×M個の前記放熱板を一括して吸着し、前記各放熱板を前記各半導体素子上に搬送する工程と、
前記本体部が前記半導体素子と平面視で重なるように、前記半導体素子の背面上に接着剤を介して前記各放熱板を接着する工程と、
前記各放熱板と前記配線基板との間の空間を充填し、前記突出部の上下両面及び側面を被覆し、前記本体部の上面を露出する封止樹脂を形成する工程と、
切断領域上に配置された前記封止樹脂と前記配線基板とを切断して個片化する工程と、を有し、
前記切断領域は、前記各個別領域において前記突出部よりも外側に設定されていることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記放熱板を分割する工程の前に、前記大判の放熱板の下面を、前記本体部の上面よりも表面粗度の大きい粗化面に形成する工程を有することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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