JP6591817B2 - 電界紡糸装置 - Google Patents
電界紡糸装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6591817B2 JP6591817B2 JP2015151207A JP2015151207A JP6591817B2 JP 6591817 B2 JP6591817 B2 JP 6591817B2 JP 2015151207 A JP2015151207 A JP 2015151207A JP 2015151207 A JP2015151207 A JP 2015151207A JP 6591817 B2 JP6591817 B2 JP 6591817B2
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
例えば、製造装置1A〜1Bにおいては、電極3の表面のうちの、ノズル21と対向する面(凹曲面)3fの略全面に被覆体6を配置しているが、それに加えて、ノズル21の外面の略全面を表面に誘電体の露出した被覆体によって被覆してもよい。好適には、図5に示すように、ノズル21は、その外面が被覆体7によって被覆されていてもよい。そして被覆体7は、ノズル21の先端21aを越えて延出している。被覆体7のうち延出部分7aは、ノズル21を取り囲む筒状の形態をしており、中空部を有している。この中空部がノズル21の内部と連通している。被覆体7は単一種の誘電体で構成されている。ノズル21の外面の略全面を被覆体7で被覆することによって、電極3から飛来しノズル21に流入する電子の数を抑制することができる。その結果、電極3とノズル21の間の放電が起きにくくなり、電極3とノズル21の間の印加電圧を増やすことや、距離を狭めることが可能になる。これによって電極3とノズル21の間の電界を強めて原料液の帯電量を高められる。上記効果を有効に発現させるためには、ノズル21の外面の略全面(90%以上の面積)を被覆体7で被覆することが好ましく、特にノズル21の外面の全面(100%の面積)を被覆体7で被覆することが好ましい。また被覆体7をノズル21の先端21aを越えて延出させることによって、ノズル21の先端21aに電子が飛来するのを抑制でき、原料液の帯電量を更に高めることができる。
以上のように、製造装置1A〜1Bにおいては、被覆体6による電極3の被覆に加えて、被覆体による捕集用電極の被覆及び/又は被覆体7によるノズル21の被覆を組み合わせることもできる。
図1及び図2に示す製造装置1Aを用いてナノファイバの製造を行った。具体的には、中空の凸部61と、該凸部61の開口周縁から延出するフランジ部62とを有する被覆体6を用意し、中空の凸部61の外曲面に厚み100μmのアルミテープ(3M社製の品番 #433 HD)を貼り付け、凹曲面3fが半径45mmの半球となる電極3を形成した。尚、被覆体6は、厚み10mmの誘電体(モノマーキャストナイロン(白銅製MC901切板(青))で形成されていた。即ち、電極3の開口端部31の厚み(T3)は100μmであり、開口端部31に位置する被覆体6の厚み(T6)は10mmである。このようにして、電極3における被覆体6と接する面(凹曲面)3fと被覆体6における電極3と接する面6fとを同一形状とした。そして、ノズル21の先端21aを半球の中心に設置した。このとき先端21aは凹曲面3fにおける開口端部31によって画成される円を含む平面内に位置する。ノズルの延びる方向は半球の回転対称軸と一致させた。
図7に示す製造装置100を用いてナノファイバの製造を行った。図7に示す製造装置100は、図1及び図2に示す製造装置1Aに比べて、電極の形状のみが異なっていた。図7に示す製造装置100の電極103は、内面が凹曲面103fに形成された凹球面形状部分と、該凹球面形状部分の開口端部131の周縁から延出する平面状のフランジ部132を有していた。そして、製造装置100は、電極103の凹曲面103fの全面及びフランジ部132の一部を被覆体6で被覆して形成されたものである。電極103の開口端部131の厚み(T103)は10mmであり、開口端部31に位置する被覆体6の厚み(T6)も10mmであった。それ以外の製造装置100の構成は、実施例1の製造装置1Aの構成と同様であり、同様の条件にて紡糸を行った。得られたナノファイバを走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で撮影した写真を図8に、またSEM画像より繊維径を計測して集計した繊維径の分布図を図9に示す。図9に示す繊維径の分布図は、横軸が繊維径〔μm〕であり、縦軸が本数〔本〕である。尚、製造環境は、室温23℃で、湿度20%RHであった。
2 原料噴射部
20 ノズルアセンブリ
21 ノズル
21a 先端
22 支持部
23 送液部
3 電極
3f 凹曲面
31 開口端部
32,33 開口
30 基台
4 電圧発生部
41 直流高圧電源
42 アース
43 金属導線
5 空気流噴射部
51 貫通孔
6 被覆体
6f 電極3と接する面
61 凸部
62 フランジ部
Claims (9)
- 原料液を噴射する導電性のノズルを備えた原料噴射部と、
前記ノズルと電気的に絶縁して配置された凹曲面を有する電極と、
前記ノズルと前記電極の間に電圧を発生させる電圧発生部と、
前記ノズルと前記電極の間に空気流を噴射する空気流噴射部とを備えた電界紡糸装置であって、
前記電極は前記ノズルと対向する面の全表面積の90%以上の面積を占める面が、表面に誘電体の露出した被覆体で被覆され、該電極と該被覆体とが接しており、
前記電極における前記被覆体と接する面と該被覆体における該電極と接する面とが同一形状であり、
前記電極における前記ノズルが延びる方向の開口端部の厚みが、該開口端部に位置する前記被覆体の厚みよりも薄い電界紡糸装置。 - 前記電極における前記開口端部の厚みは、0.5μm以上2mm以下である請求項1に記載の電界紡糸装置。
- 前記電極の形状と、前記被覆体における該電極と接している部分の形状とが、相似形状である請求項1又は2に記載の電界紡糸装置。
- 前記電極は、導電性のシートによって形成されている請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の電界紡糸装置。
- 前記電極は、前記被覆体にめっき処理又は蒸着処理した導電性薄膜によって形成されている請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の電界紡糸装置。
- 前記電極は、厚みが均等な板金で形成されている請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の電界紡糸装置。
- 前記電極は、前記被覆体に導電性材料を塗布して形成されている請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の電界紡糸装置。
- 前記電極と前記被覆体とを固定する場合に、該被覆体における前記ノズルが延びる方向から見える箇所に、該被覆体を貫通する固定用の穴が配置されていない請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の電界紡糸装置。
- 前記電極に印加する電圧の絶対値(v)に対する、前記ノズルの先端と前記被覆体との距離(d)の比(d/v)は、20以下である請求項1〜8の何れか1項に記載の電界紡糸装置。
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CN107201559B (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2023-04-25 | 吉林农业大学 | 一种珠头喷头静电纺丝装置 |
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JP6811742B2 (ja) | 2018-04-20 | 2021-01-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 電界紡糸ヘッドおよび電界紡糸装置 |
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WO2020111014A1 (ja) | 2018-11-26 | 2020-06-04 | 花王株式会社 | ナノファイバシート、その使用方法、及びその製造方法 |
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CZ20032421A3 (cs) * | 2003-09-08 | 2004-11-10 | Technická univerzita v Liberci | Způsob výroby nanovláken z polymerního roztoku elektrostatickým zvlákňováním a zařízení k provádění způsobu |
US8551390B2 (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2013-10-08 | The UAB Foundation | Electrospinning apparatus, methods of use, and uncompressed fibrous mesh |
JP5719421B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-11 | 2015-05-20 | 花王株式会社 | 電界紡糸装置及びそれを備えたナノファイバ製造装置 |
JP5948370B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-08 | 2016-07-06 | 花王株式会社 | ナノファイバ製造装置、ナノファイバの製造方法及びナノファイバ成型体 |
JP6568466B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-15 | 2019-08-28 | 花王株式会社 | 電界紡糸装置 |
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CN110747522A (zh) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-04 | 东华大学 | 一种均匀供液的静电纺丝装置 |
CN110747522B (zh) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-08-25 | 东华大学 | 一种均匀供液的静电纺丝装置 |
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