JP6585650B2 - 細胞毒性剤と細胞結合受容体との共役体 - Google Patents
細胞毒性剤と細胞結合受容体との共役体 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
アルキルとは、炭素数1〜8のチェーン状または環状の直鎖状または分岐脂肪族炭化水素を意味する。分岐とは、チェーン状のアルキル基に1つ又は複数の低級アルキルを有することを指し、たとえばメチル、エチルまたはプロピルと結合する。アルキルの具体例としては、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、t−ブチル、n−ペンチル、3-ペンチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、2,2-ジメチルブチル、2,3-ジメチルブチル、 2,2-ジメチルペンチル、2,3-ジメチルペンチル、 3,3-ジメチルペンチル、2,3,4-トリメチルペンチル、3-メチルヘキシル、2,2-ジメチルヘキシル、 2,.4-ジメチルヘキシル、2,5-ジメチルヘキシル、3,5-ジメチルヘキシル、2,4-ジメチルペンチル、2-メチルヘプチル、3-メチルヘプチル、n‐ヘプチル、イソヘプチル、オクチル、イソオクチルを含む。C1〜C8のアルキルは未置換のものでも置換基(ただし、次の置換基の一つまたは複数に制限されない)で置換されたものでもいい,すらわち、前記置換基としては、C1〜C8のアルキル、C1〜C8のアルコキシ、アリール、アシル、アシロキシ、エステルキ、−C(O)NH2,−C(O)NHR’,−C(O)N(R’)2、−NHC(O)R’、 −S(O)2R’、 −S(O)R’、−OH、ハロゲン(−F, −Cl, −Br, −I)、−N3、−NH2 、−NHR’、−N(R’)2 および−CNが挙げられる。なお、R’とはC1〜C8のアルキル又はアリールを指す。
上述のように、本願発明は、構造式(I)で示される抗体薬物共役体及びその薬用可能な塩並びに溶剤化物を開示している。
に対するCTAA16.88抗体)、ザルツムマブ(別名:HuMax-EGFr、(抗EGFR抗体)、ザノリムマブ(別名:HuMax-CD4、抗CD4抗体)、ジラリムマブ(ziralimumab)(抗CD147(基本免疫グロブリン)抗体)、ゾリモマブ(zolimomab)(抗CD5抗体)、エタネルセプト(エンブレルR)、アレファセプト(Alefacept)(AmeviveR)、アバタセプト(オレンシアR)、 リロナセプト(Rilonacept)(Arcalyst)、14F7[抗IRP-2(鉄調節タンパク質2)抗体] 、Nat.Cancer Instから黒色腫および固形腫瘍治療のための14G2a(抗ガングリオシドGD2抗体)、前立腺癌を治療するためJ591(抗PSMA抗体、ワイルコーネル医科大学)、225.28S[抗HMW-MAA(高分子量黒色腫関連抗原)抗体、ソリンRadiofarmaci SRL(ミラノ、イタリア)黒色腫の治療における]、COL-1(Nat.Cancer Instから、大腸の治療癌および胃癌治療のための抗CEACAM3抗体、CGM1、)、CYT-356(OncoltadR、前立腺癌の治療)、HNK20(OraVax会社から呼吸器合胞体ウイルスの治療のために)、ImmuRAIT(IMMUNOMEDICS処理から非ホジキンリンパ腫の治療のため)、Lym-1(抗HLA-DR10抗体、腫瘍治療のためのペレグリ薬物(Peregrine Pharm)),MAK-195F(敗血症、毒素ショックの治療のためのAbbott/Knollから抗TNF抗体(腫瘍壊死因子、TNFA、腫瘍壊死因子-α、TNFSF2))、MEDI-500[別名:T10B9、抗CD3抗体、TRαβ(T細胞受容体α/β)、メディミューン社から移植片対宿主病の治療のための複合材料]、RING SCAN[ Neoprobe社から乳癌、結腸癌および結腸直腸癌の治療のための抗TAG72(72腫瘍関連糖タンパク質抗体)]、 Avicidin(抗-EPCAM抗体(上皮細胞接着分子)、抗TACSTD1抗体(腫瘍関連カルシウムシグナル伝達1)、抗GA733-2(胃腸腫瘍関連タンパク質2)、抗EGP-2抗体(上皮糖タンパク質2 );抗KSA抗体、KS1/4抗原、M4S,腫瘍抗原17−1A,、結腸癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、および非ホジキンリンパ腫の治療のためのNeoRx社からCD326; LYMPHOCIDE(IMMUNOMEDICS社、NJ)、スマートID10(Protein Desing Labs)、Oncolym(Techniclone社、カリフォルニア州)、Allomune(BioTransplant、CA)、抗VEGF抗体(ジェネンテック社、CA); CEAcide(IMMUNOMEDICS社、NJ)、IMC-1C11(イムクローン、NJ)およびセツキシマブ(インクローン会社、ニュージャージー州)を含むが、これらに限定されない。
質量分析データはBruker Esquire 3000システムに由来するものであり、核磁気データはBruker AVANCE300分光計に由来するものであった。化学変位精確は百万分の一までに精確し、テトラメチルシランを内標準した。紫外線スペクトルデータはHitachi U1200分光光度計に由来するものであった。高性能液体クロマトグラフィーデータは、留分コレクター及び可変波長探査機付きのAgilent 1100 HPLCシステムに由来するものであった。薄板クロマトグラフィーはAnaltech GFシリカゲルとTLC薄層クロマトグラフィー板を使用した。アミノ酸及びその誘導体、並びにプレロード済の樹脂は、MerckChemicals International社、Synthetech社、Peptides International社、ChembridgeInternational社又はSigma-Aldrich社から購入したものであった。一部の架橋剤、例えば、NHSエステル/マレイミド(AMAS, BMPS, GMBS, MBS, SMCC, EMCSまたはSulfo-EMCS, SMPB, SMPH, LC-SMCC, Sulfo-KMUS, SM(PEG)4, SM(PEG)6, SM(PEG)8, SM(PEG)12, SM(PEG)24)、NHSエステル/ピリジンジメルカプト(SPDP, LC-SPDPまたはSulfo-LC-SPDP, SMPT, Sulfo-LC-SMPT); NHSエステル/ハロゲン化アセチル(SIA, SBAP, SIAB または Sulfo-SIAB)、NHSエステル/ジアジリン(SDAまたはSulfo-SDA, LC-SDAまたはSulfo-LC-SDA, SDAD or Sulfo-SDAD)、マレイミド/ヒドラジド(BMPH, EMCH, MPBH, KMUH)、ピリジンジメルカプト/ヒドラジド(PDPH)、及びイソシアネート/マレイミド(PMPI)は、Thermo Fisher Scientific社から購入したものであった。SPDBとSPPは、文献(Cumber, A. et al, Bioconjugate Chem., 1992, 3, 397-401)に従い調製されたものであった。ヒトanti-CD22抗体はSanta Cruz Biotechnology社から購入したものであった。トラスツズマブモノクローナル抗体はGenentech社から購入したものであった。他の化学試薬及び無水溶媒の全てはSigma-Aldrich International社から購入したものであった。
アミンの塩酸塩をジクロロメタンまたはN, N-ジメチルホルムアミド(0.2 M)に溶解させ、氷水浴で4℃に冷却し、t−ブトキシカルボニルで保護されたアミノ酸(1.3 eq)、EDC (2 eq)、又は TBTU (2 eq)、又は PyBrOP (2 eq)、 HOBt (1.5 eq) 、DIPEA (3.5 eq)を順に加入した。温度をゆっくり室温までに昇温した後、かき混ぜながら15時間反応を続け、酢酸エチルで希釈した直後に、1M塩酸水溶液、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム、水と飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。有機相を合併し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、ろ過し、減圧濃縮させ、カラムクロマトグラフィーで分離し(0%-20% MeOH:CH2Cl2)、t−ブトキシカルボニルで保護されたポリペプチドを得た。
t−ブトキシカルボニルで保護されたアミノ酸を20%トリフルオロ酢酸含有ジクロロメタン溶液又は4 M塩酸含有1,4-ジオキサン溶液に溶解させ、30分間撹拌し、または、反応が完了かどうかをTLC追従によって判断した。減圧濃縮によって、相応のトリフルオロ酢酸塩または塩酸塩ポリペプチド化合物を得た。トリフルオロ酢酸塩含有ポリペプチドを2%塩酸含有ジクロロメタン/トルエン溶液で3〜4回濃縮させることによって、相応の塩酸塩を獲得してもいい。
t−ブトキシカルボニルで保護されたSPPSに用いられるのは、Merrifield樹脂或いは、変性されたPAM樹脂又はMBHA樹脂であった。9 -フルオレンメトキシカルボニルで保護されたSPPSに用いられるのは、Wang樹脂、又は、2−クロロトリフェニルメチル塩素樹脂、或いは、HMPB 、MBHA樹脂であった。樹脂メーカーの操作指南に従い、樹脂に対し、前処理(プリ膨張)とアミノ化合物の搭載を行った。樹脂におけるt−ブトキシカルボニルで保護されたアミノ酸を20%トリフルオロ酢酸のジクロロメタン溶液又は4M塩酸含有1,4-ジオキサン溶液で脱保護し(30分間撹拌すればいい)、その後、N, N-ジメチルホルムアミド、メタノール、50%N, N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミンのジクロロメタンと純のジクロロメタンを順に洗浄した。複数の遊離アミンに関わる脱保護工程に関して、反応の完全性のために、当該工程はアシル化の前に一度繰り返す必要があった。遊離アミンを、保護されたアミノ酸(遊離アミンの3当量)と、TBTU 又は PyBrOP(遊離アミンの3当量)と、N, N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(遊離アミンの5当量)とからなる溶液に懸濁させ、混合液を4時間反応させた後、N, N-ジメチルホルムアミド、メタノール及びジクロロメタンを順に洗浄した。多くの遊離アミンに係るアシル化の反応に関して、反応の完全性のため、脱保護前のコンジュゲートステップを一度繰り返した。必要なペプチドを合成するまでにこれらステップを繰り返すのが一般的である。
ペプチドが結合されたWang樹脂と50%トリフルオロ酢酸含有ジクロロメタン及びトリイソプロピルシラン(1-5%)を混合し、又は、2−クロロトリフェニル塩素樹脂が結合したペプチドと1%トリフルオロ酢酸含有ジクロロメタンを混合して、2時間後ろ過し、ジクロロメタン(3x30 ml)、メタノール(3x30 ml)で順に溶離し、ろ液を合併し、濃縮させ、乾燥後、冷たいエーテルを加入し、得られた沈殿物は脱保護すべきペプチドであった。
ペプチドが結合された樹脂とHF/Me2S/アニソール(10:1:1)又はCH3SO3H/Me2Sアニソール(20:1:1)を混合し(システイン含有ペプチドにとっては、HF/アニソール/Me2S/p-チオクレゾール(10:1:1:0.2)と混合すべきである)、2時間後、窒素ガスの雰囲気で濃縮させ、トリフルオロ酢酸で希釈し、ろ過した。その後、樹脂をジクロロメタン(3x30 ml)とメタノール(3x30 ml)で順に溶離し、ろ液を合併し、濃縮させ、乾燥後、冷たいエーテルを加入し、得られた沈殿物は脱保護すべきペプチドであった。
粗生成物であるポリペプチド混合物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し(10%〜25%のメタノール:ジクロロメタンで溶離)、又は、RP HPLCで精製し(0%〜70%メタノール水溶液(最も好ましくは1%酢酸)で勾配溶離)、1時間内反応を終了させた後、目的成分を混合し、蒸発後サンプルを収集した。
一類の結合分子として、抗体はアミド、硫黄エーテル又はジスルフィド結合を介して分裂抑制剤とコンジュゲートすることができる。50mMホウ酸ナトリウム含有PBS緩衝液(pH8.0)で抗体を希釈し(<5 mg/mL)、ジチオトレイトール(最終濃度10mM)を入れ、35°Cで30分間処理し、抗体が遊離メルカプトを遊離させることができた。G-25カラムでゲル濾過クロマトグラフィー(PBS緩衝液に1mM EDTAを添加)を行い、その後、Ellman試薬[ 5,5’-ジチオビス(2 -ニトロ安息香酸)]によって測定し、抗体ごとに約8つのメルカプトがコンジュゲートされた。抗体とTraut's試薬(2 -イミンチオフェン)(Jue, R., et al. Biochem. 1978, 17 (25): 5399-5405)はメルカプトを放出することができ、或いは、pH7〜8の条件下で、SATP(N-スクシンイミジルS−アセチルチオプロピオネート)やSAT(PEG)4など異なる連結物と反応して、ヒドロキシルアミンの働きでメルカプトを形成した(Duncan, R, et al, Anal. Biochem. 1983, 132, 68-73, Fuji, N. et al, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1985, 33, 362-367)。基本的に、抗体ごとに約5〜8つのメルカプトが結合された。
BJAB(バーキットリンパ腫細胞)、BT-474(乳がん細胞)、Namalwa(ヒトバーキットリンパ腫細胞)、Ramos(ヒトバーキットリンパ腫細胞)、COLO 205(ヒト結腸腺がん細胞)、A375(ヒト悪性黒色腫細胞)はいずれも、ATCCから購入した。乳がん細胞系KPL-4はJ. Kurebayashi博士から入手したものであった(Kurebayashi, J. et al. Br J Cancer 1999; 79: 707-17)。上記細胞は、いずれも、10%FBS含有RPMI 1640培地で成長し、37°C、6% CO2の培養器を培養条件とした。クローン形成実験を検出の毒性試験方法とすることが可能であり、文献(Franken, et al, Nature Protocols 1, 2315 - 2319 (2006))を参照する。テスト用細胞は、ウェルごとに5000個の細胞を6ウェル板に接種し、1 pM〜50 nM勾配希釈済の薬物(有糸分裂の抑制剤又はカプラー)を加入し、72時間インキュベートした。もとの培地を置き換えて、細胞を引き続き培養し、7〜10日後コロニーを形成した。細胞を固定し、その後、0.2%ゲンチアナバイオレット(10%ホルマリン又はPBSに希釈)で染色して、細胞コロニーを計数した。未処理の細胞(培地のみ)の数に対し、ウェルに形成されたコロニーによって測定した。細胞の生存率は薬物で処理後の群と対照群(薬物未処理)穴で形成されたコロニー数の比率によって計算された。
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図2 マレイミドリンカーの合成及びそれの薬物結合分子連結における使用
図3 ブロモマレイミド及びジブロモマレイミドリンカーの合成及びそれらの薬物結合分子連結における使用
図4 抗有糸分裂剤と細胞結合分子の結合のためのアミノ酸(Val−Cit)リンカーの合成
図5 抗有糸分裂剤のTuv成分の合成 条件: a): CuSO4, H2SO4, アセトン, 95%; b): DIBAL-H, THF/Tol, -78 oC, 95%; c): NH2OH, NaHCO3, CH3OH/H2O; d): イソブチルアルデヒド, MgSO4, CH2Cl2, 85% (2ステップ); e): (2R)-N-(アクリロイル)ボルナン-10,2-スルタム(74), 40 oC, 48h, CH2Cl2 83%; f): LiOH, THF/ H2O, 86%; g): HClO4, CH3CN/H2O, 98%; h): BOC2O, Na2CO3, THF/H2O, 95%; i): L-(S)-Tr-システインメチルエステル, EDC, CH2Cl2, 85%; j): Ph3P=O, Tf2O, CH2Cl2; k): MnO2, CH2Cl2, 76% (2ステップ); l): Mo(CO)6, CH3CN/H2O, 87%; m): Ac2O, Pyr., 95%; n): 1). NaH, THF, CH3I, 85%; 2). HOSnMe3, ClCH2CH2Cl, 80 oC, 95%, 3). Ac2O/Pyr, 86%。
図6 抗有糸分裂剤のTuv成分の合成 条件: o): Fmoc-Cl, NaHCO3, THF/H2O, 95%; p): L-(S)-Tr-システインメチルエステル, EDC, CH2Cl2, 87%; q): Ph3P=O, Tf2O, CH2Cl2; r): MnO2, CH2Cl2, 76% (2 ステップ); s): Mo(CO)6, CH3CN/H2O, 87%; t): TES-Cl, Pyr., 95%; u): NaH, THF, CH3I, 90%; v): NaH, THF, BrCH2COOtBu, 0oC, 87%; w): HOSnMe3, ClCH2CH2Cl, 80oC, 〜90%; x): Bu4NF, THF; y): Ac2O, Pyr. 81%。
図7 一部のBoc−Tuv及び接合可能な抗有糸分裂剤の合成 条件: a): NaH, THF, N-(4-ブロモブチル) フタルイミド, NaI, 〜83%; b); NaH, DMF, CH3I, 90%; c): HOSnMe3, ClCH2CH2Cl, 80oC, 〜85%; d): Ac2O, Pyr.; e): (R)-(+)-b-メチルフェネチルアミン, EDC, DMA, 85%; f): 4M HCl, ジオキサン; g); Boc-Ile-OH, PyBroP, DMAP, DMA, 78%; h): D-Mep, PyBroP/CH2Cl2, 81%; i): NH2NH2, DMA; j); 58 (n=3), EDC, DMA, k): Ac2O, Pyr. 56%。
図8 抗有糸分裂剤のTuv、Ile−Tuv及びMep−Ileの一部の合成
図9 抗有糸分裂剤のIle−Tuv、Mep−Leu−Tuv、Val−Ile−Tuv及びVal−Ile−Tuv(O−アルキル)の一部の合成
図10 結合可能な抗有糸分裂剤の合成、及び、抗体との結合
図11 抗有糸分裂剤の結合のためのアミノ酸(Phe−(D)Lys)リンカーの合成
図12 抗体‐抗有糸分裂剤共役体の合成
図13 抗体‐抗有糸分裂剤共役体の合成
図14 結合分子‐抗有糸分裂剤共役体の合成
図15 結合分子(抗体)‐抗有糸分裂剤共役体の合成
図16 抗体‐抗有糸分裂剤共役体の合成
図17 抗体‐抗有糸分裂剤共役体の合成
図18 親水性(リン酸塩プロドラッグ)抗有糸分裂剤の合成のための親水性Tut類似体の合成
図19 抗有糸分裂剤と抗体の共役体の合成
図20 結合可能な抗有糸分裂剤のBOC固相合成 条件: a): ピペラジン (5 〜 20 eq), CH2Cl2, 4h; b): Boc-Aa2-OH (2 〜 5 eq), PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; c): 4M HCl/ジオキサン, 0.5h; 次にDIPEA (2 〜 3eq)、DMFで洗浄; d): Boc-Aa1-OH (2 〜5 eq), TBTU (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; e): BocNMe- Phe-OH, 又は Boc-Trp-OH, 又は BocNMe-Tyr(PO(OBz)OH)-OH (2 〜5 eq), 又は BocNMe-(Pyr)Ala-OH, 又は Boc-(チエニル)Ser-OH, 又はBoc-(チアゾリル)-Ala-OH, PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; f): Boc-N(Me)-Tuv-OH (1.5 〜 3 eq), PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 2 h; g): Boc-Ile-OH (2 〜 5 eq), PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 3 h; h): NMe2-Ile-OH, TBTU (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 2h; i): TFA, アニソール; j): 4-マレイミドブタン酸NHS エステル (1.5 〜 2 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 2 h; k): 4-(メチルジスルファニル)ブタン酸 NHS エステル (1.5 〜 2 eq), 又は 4,4-ジメチル 4-(メチルジスルファニル)- ブタン酸 NHS エステル (1.5 〜 2 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 2 h; l): TCEP (3 〜 10 eq), ジオキサン/バッファpH 7,0, その後固体支持されたグアニジン。
図21 結合可能な抗有糸分裂剤のFmoc固相合成 条件: a): (MeNCH2)2 (5 〜 20 eq), DCM, 4h; b): Fmoc-Aa2-OH (2 〜 5 eq), PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; c): 20% ピペリジン, DMF, 2h; d): Fmoc-Aa1-OH (2 〜 5 eq), TBTU (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; e): (2 〜5 eq) FmocNMe-Tyr(SO3H)-OH, 又はFmoc-TrpOH-OH, 又はFmocNMe-Tyr(PO(OBz)-OH)-OH 又は FmocNMe2-Tyr(グルコース)-OH, 又は Boc-(キノリル)Ala-OH, 又は Fmoc-(チエニル)Ser-OH, (フェニル)−Cys-OH, PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; f): Fmoc-N(Me)-Tuv-OH (1.5 〜 3 eq), PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; g): Fmoc-Ile-OH (2 〜 5 eq), PyBroP (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; h): Mep-OH (2 〜 4 eq), 又は( R )-1-メチルアジリジン−2−カルボキシレト、 TBTU (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 2h; i): TFA, DCM, アニソール; j): 4-マレイミドブタン酸 NHS エステル (1.5 〜 2 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; k): 20% TFA, DCM; l): 4-(メチルジスルファニル)ブタン酸 NHS エステル (1.5 〜 2 eq), 又は 4,4-ジメチル 4-(メチルジスルファニル)- ブタン酸 NHS エステル (1.5 〜 2 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; m): TCEP (8 eq), ジオキサン, バッファ pH 7,0, その後固体支持されたグアニジン。
図22 親水性抗有糸分裂剤及び抗体との共役体の合成
図23 Tuv誘導体の合成、及びMep−Ile−TuvとNMe2−Val−Ile−Tuvの成分の合成 条件: a): 化合物 72, DIPEA, CsI, DMF, 2 h ; b): 20% TFA/DCM, 0.5 h, その後、 DIPEA, MeOH, DCMで洗浄; c): Boc-Ile-OH (3 〜 5 eq), PyBroP (3 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 6 h; d): Mep-OH (2 〜 4 eq), 又は NMe2-Leu-OH, TBTU (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 6 h; e): 95%TFA/アニソール/DCM。
図24 抗有糸分裂剤及びそのと抗体の共役体の合成 条件: a): (COCl)2 6 eq, DMF (cat), DCM, 1h; b): D-(+)-Boc-ノルエフェドリン 4 eq, DIPEA, DCM, 4 h ; c): 20% TFA/DCM, 0.5 h,その後、DIPEA, MeOHで洗浄, DCM; d): 化合物274 (1.2 eq), TBTU (5 eq), DMF, 6 h; e): Boc-Ile-OH (3 〜 5 eq), PyBroP (3 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 4 h; f): Mep-OH (2 〜 4 eq), 又はNMe2-Leu-OH, TBTU (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 2h; g): HOSnMe3, ClCH2CH2Cl, 80oC, 8h。
図25 抗有糸分裂剤及びそのと抗体の共役体の固相合成 条件: a): 20% TFA/DCM, 0.5 h, その後、DIPEA, MeOH, DCMで洗浄; b): Boc-チアゾリル-Ala-OH (2 eq), 2-チエニル -L-Cys-OH(2eq)PyBroP (4 eq), DIPEA (4 eq), DMF, 6 h; c): 化合物 276, TBTU (4 eq), DIPEA (4 eq), DMF, 6 h; d): Boc-Ile-OH (4 eq), PyBroP (4 eq), DIPEA (4 eq), DMF, 6 h; 条件: e): Mep-OH (2 〜 4 eq), 又は NMe2-Leu-OH, TBTU (2 〜 5 eq), DIPEA (3 〜 10 eq), DMF, 2h; f): TFA/DCM/アニソール/p-チオクレゾール (95:4:0.5:0.5).)
図26 抗有糸分裂剤及びその抗体の共役体の固相合成 条件: a: DMF/ピペリジン (4:1); b: 331/DMF/PyBroP (2〜5 eq); c: Fmoc-Tuv-OH (1.2 eq), TBTU (5 eq), DMF ; d: Fmoc-Ile-OH (4 eq), PyBroP (4 eq), DIPEA (4 eq), DMF; e: N, N (メチル, マレイミド-ペンタン酸)-Val-OH (2 eq), TBTU, DMF; f: N,N-(メチル, 2’-ピリジニル-ジスルファニルブタン酸)-Val-OH, TBTU (4 eq), DMF; g: 5%TFA/DCM/1%TIS; i: DTT/pH 7.0 PBS バッファ/DMF, その後、 HPLC; j: N, N (メチル, マレイミド-ペンタン酸)-Mep-OH (2 eq), TBTU, DMF; k: N,N-(メチル, 2’-ピリジニル-ジスルファニルブタン酸)-Mep-OH, TBTU (4 eq), DMF。
図27 トランス‐2−アリールシクロプロピルアミン、トランス‐2−アリールシクロプロピルカルボン酸、及び、トランス‐2−アリールエチルエポキシカルボン酸の合成
図28 アルケンアミノ酸及びアルキルエポキシアミノ酸の合成
図29 抗有糸分裂剤の親水性プロドラッグの合成のための親水性Tut類似体の合成
図30 細胞結合剤と共役結合する抗有糸分裂剤の親水性プロドラッグの合成
図31 細胞結合剤と共役結合する抗有糸分裂剤の親水性プロドラッグの合成
図32 抗体と共役結合する抗有糸分裂剤の親水性プロドラッグの合成
図33 薬物/抗体比(D/A)が3.0〜4.3の抗CD22抗体‐抗有糸分裂剤(TZ01〜TZ09)共役体の、ラモス(バーキットリンパ腫細胞株)に対する細胞毒性効果を示す。当該細胞は共役体の存在下で5日間インキュベートされた。IC50値は図に示す。
図34は、薬物/抗体比(DAR)が3.5〜4.0のトラスツズマブ‐抗有糸分裂剤(TZ03、TZ04及びTZ07)共役体の、KPL−4(乳癌細胞株)に対する細胞毒性効果を示す。トラスツズマブ‐TZ03は特に強力な抗増殖力があり、それぞれ、非共役のトラスツズマブが不在の場合、IC50=90pM;1ミクロモルのトラスツズマブ(抗原の結合を飽和させるため)が存在の場合、IC50>20nM、。特殊な窓は222(IC50>20nM/IC50=0.09nM)を超える。
図35は薬物/抗体比(D/A)が3.8〜4.2の抗CD22抗体‐抗有糸分裂剤(TZ03、TZ04及びTZ07)共役体および非共役CD22抗体及びCD20抗体(リツキシマブ)の、BJAB(バーキットリンパ腫細胞株)に対する細胞毒性効果を示す。共役体(IC50=5〜19pM)は、非共役CD22抗体と比べて、抗増殖力が強力である。非共役体(IC50>20nM)と比べて、抗増殖力が強力である。1ミクロモルの非共役CD22抗体で抗原結合を飽和させる場合、huCD22-TZ03共役のための特殊な窓は660を超え(IC50=3.3nm/IC50=0.005nm)、huCD22-TZ07共役のための特殊な窓は660を超える(IC50=15nM/IC50=0.019nM)。
表2−1〜2−9は固相合成によって製造された抗有糸分裂薬物の構造及びそれら質量分析のイオンピーク並びに体外でテストでそれらのRamos細胞(ATCC、ヒトBurkittリンパ腫細胞)に対する毒作用(IC50)の値を示す。
表3−1〜3−4はいくつかの抗体−抗有糸分裂剤共役体の構造式を示す。
(付記1)
構造式(I)で示される構造を有する共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤・薬物であり、そのうち、R1、R2、R3とR4が独立して、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2〜C8のヘテロ環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、複素環アルキル、C3〜C8のアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル;又は2つのR基(例えば、R1R2 、 R2R3 、 R3R4、R5R6、R12R13という各組合せが炭素数3〜7の炭素環基、シクロアルキル、または複素環基とヘテロシクロアルキルなど環係基であってもいい)をそれぞれ表し、YがNまたはCHであり;また、R1、R3とR4はHであってもよく、かつ、R2は欠如していてもよく;
R5、R6、R8と R10はそれぞれ、独立してH又はC1〜C4のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキルであり;
R7 は独立してH、R14、あるいは−R14C(=O)X1R15又は−R14X1R15から選択され;そのうち、R14 とR15 はそれぞれ独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル;複素環、炭素環、シクロアルカン;C3−C8アリール、復素環アルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり、X1はO、S、S−S、NH又はNR14であり;
R9は独立してH、−O−、−OR14、−OC(=O)R14−、−OC(=O)NHR14−、−OC(=O)R14SSR15−、OP(=O)(OR14)−またはOR14OP(=O)(OR15)であり、そのうち、R14 とR15はそれぞれ独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R11はH、R14、−R14C(=O)R16、−R14X2R16、−R14C(=O)X2であり、そのうち、X2は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環、又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16は H、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R12は独立してR14、−O−、−S−、−N−、=N−、=NNH−、−NH(R14)、−OR14、−C(O)O−C(O)O−R16−、C(O)NH-、C(O)NHR14、−SR14−、−S(=O)R14−、−P(=O)(OR16)−、−OP(=O)(OR16)−、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)、−C(O)OP(=O)(OR16)、又は−SO2R16であり;R14は独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり、R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R13はC1−C10アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アルキル酸、アルキルアミド、アルキルアミン又はArであり、そのうち、Arとは、1員環又は複数員環からなる芳香族環又は複素芳香族環であり、芳香族環又は複素芳香族環が4〜10個の炭素原子を含み、最も好ましくは4〜6つの炭素原子を含み、複素芳香族環とは、1つ又はいくつかの炭素原子が他の原子によって置換された芳香族環を意味し、最も好ましくは、1つ、2つ又は3つの炭素原子がO、N、Si、Se、PまたはSによって置換され、最も好ましくはO、S、Nによって置換され;アリールまたはArとは、1つ又はいくつかの水素原子が置換された芳香族環を意味し、水素原子を置換するこれらの基は、R17、F、Cl、Br、I、OR16、SR16、NR16R17、N=NR16、N=R16、NR16R17、NO2、SOR16R17、SO2R16、SO3R16、OSO3R16、PR16R17、POR16R17、PO2R16R17、OP(O)(OR17)2、OCH2OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)OP(O)(OR17)2、PO(OR16)(OR17)、OP(O)(OR17)OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)R17 またはOC(O)NHR17を含み、そのうち、R16とR17はそれぞれ、独立してH−、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニル或いはC4−C12グリコシド又は医薬用塩であり;
また、R10がHでない場合、或いは、R13が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく;
或いは、R11が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく;
構造式(II)で示される構造を有する、付記1に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤・薬物であり、そのうち、R1、R2、R3とR4がC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2〜C8のヘテロ環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、C3〜C8のアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル;又は2つのR1基(例えば、R1R2 、 R2R3 、R3R4、R5R6、R12R13という各組合せが炭素数3〜7の炭素環基、シクロアルキル、あるいは複素環基とヘテロシクロアルキルなど環係基であってもいい)をそれぞれ表し、YがNまたはCHであり;また、R1、R3とR4はHであってもよく、かつ、R2は欠如していてもよく、
R5、R6、R8とR10はそれぞれ、独立してH又はC1〜C4(炭素数1〜4)のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキルであり;
R7は独立してH、R14 、あるいは−R14C(=O)X1R15又は−R14X1R15から選択され、そのうち、R14とR15はそれぞれ独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル;複素環、炭素環、シクロアルカン;又はC3−C8アリール、復素環アルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり、X1はO、S、S−S、NH又はNR14であり;
R9は独立してH、−O−、−OR14、−OC(=O)R14−、−OC(=O)NHR14−、−OC(=O) R14SSR15、OP(=O)(OR14)−またはOR14OP(=O)(OR15)であり;そのうち、R14とR15 はそれぞれ独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R11は独立してH、R14、−R14C(=O)R16、−R14X2R16、−R14C(=O)X2であり;そのうち、X2は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R12は独立してR14、−OH、−SH、−NH2、=NH、=NNH2、−NH(R14)、−OR14、−COR16、−COOR14−、C(O)NH2、C(O)NHR14、−SR14、−S(=O)R14、−P(=O)(OR16)2、−OP(=O)(OR16)2、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)2、又は−SO2R16であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R13はC1−C10アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アルキル酸、アルキルアミド、アルキルアミン又はArであり;そのうち、Arとは、1員環又は複数員環からなる芳香族環又は複素芳香族環であり、芳香族環又は複素芳香族環ごとに4〜10個の炭素原子を含み、最も好ましくは4〜6つの炭素原子を含み;複素芳香族環とは、1つ又はいくつかの炭素原子が他の原子によって置換された芳香族環を意味し、最も好ましくは、1つ、2つ又は3つの炭素原子がO、N、Si、Se、PまたはSによって置換され、最も好ましくは、O、S、Nによって置換され;アリールまたはArとは、1つ又はいくつかの水素原子が置換された芳香族環を意味し、水素原子を置換するこれらの基は、R17、F、Cl、Br、I、OR16、SR16、NR16R17、N=NR16、N=R16、NR16R17、NO2、SOR16R17、SO2R16、SO3R16、OSO3R16、PR16R17、POR16R17、PO2R16R17、OP(O)(OR17)2、OCH2OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)OP(O)(OR17)2、PO(OR16)(OR17)、OP(O)(OR17)OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)R17 またはOC(O)NHR17を含み、そのうち、R16とR17はそれぞれ、独立してH、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニル或いはC4−C12グリコシド又は医薬用塩であり;
また、R10がHでない場合、或いは、R13が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
或いは、R11が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
構造式(III)で示される構造を有する、付記1に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤・薬物であり、そのうち、R1、R2、R3とR4が独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2〜C8のヘテロ環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、C3〜C8のアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル、又は2つのR基(例えば、R1R2 、 R2R3 、 R3R4、R5R6、R12R13という各組合せが炭素数3〜7の炭素環基、シクロアルキル、または複素環基とヘテロシクロアルキルなど環係基であってもいい)をそれぞれ表し、YがNまたはCHであり;また、R1、R3とR4はHであってもよく、かつ、R2は欠如していてもよく、
R5、R6、R8とR10はそれぞれ、独立してH又はC1〜C4のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキルであり;
R7は独立してR14、あるいは−R14C(=O)X1R15又は−R14X1R15から選択され、そのうち、R14 とR15 はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環、シクロアルカン;又はC3−C8アリール、復素環アルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり、X1はO、S、S−S、NH又はNR14であり;
R9は独立してH、−O−、−OR14、−OC(=O)R14−、−OC(=O)NHR14−、−OC(=O)R14SSR15、OP(=O)(OR14)−またはOR14OP(=O)(OR15)であり;そのうち、R14とR15はそれぞれC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R11は独立して、H、R14、−R14C(=O)R16、−R14X2R16、−R14C(=O)X2であり;そのうち、X2 は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R12は独立して、R14、−OH、−SH、−NH2、=NH、=NNH2、−NH(R14)、−OR14、−COR16、−COOR14−、C(O)NH2、C(O)NHR14、−SR14、−S(=O)R14、−P(=O)(OR16)2、−OP(=O)(OR16)2、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)2、−SO2R16であり;R14は独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R13はC1−C10アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アルキル酸、アルキルアミド、アルキルアミン又はArであり;そのうち、Arとは、1員環又は複数員環からなる芳香族環又は複素芳香族環であり、芳香族環又は複素芳香族環ごとに4〜10個の炭素原子を含み、最も好ましくは4〜6つの炭素原子を含み、複素芳香族環とは、1つ又はいくつかの炭素原子が他の原子によって置換された芳香族環を意味し、最も好ましくは、1つ、2つ又は3つの炭素原子がO、N、Si、Se、PまたはSによって置換され、最も好ましくは、O、S、Nによって置換され;アリールまたはArとは、1つ又はいくつかの水素原子が置換された芳香族環を意味し、水素原子を置換するこれらの基は、独立してR17、F、Cl、Br、I、OR16、SR16、NR16R17、N=NR16、N=R16、PR16R17、POR16R17、PO2R16R17、OP(O)(OR17)2、OCH2OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)OP(O)(OR17)2、PO(OR16)(OR17)、OP(O)(OR17)OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)R17またはOC(O)NHR17を含み、そのうち、R16とR17はそれぞれ、独立してH−、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニル或いはC4−C12グリコシド又は医薬用塩であり;
また、R10がHでない場合、或いは、R13が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
或いは、R11が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
構造式(IV)で示される構造を有する、付記1に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤・薬物であり、そのうち、R1、R2、R3とR4が独立して、C1〜C8のアルキル、へテロアルキル;C2〜C8ヘテロ環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、複素環アルキル;C3〜C8のアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル;2つのR基(例えば、R1R2 、 R2R3 、 R3R4、R5R6、R12R13という各組合せが炭素数3〜7の炭素環基、シクロアルキル、または複素環基とヘテロシクロアルキルなど環係基であってもいい)をそれぞれ表し;YがNまたはCHであり;また、R1、R3とR4はHであってもよく、かつ、R2は欠如していてもよく、
R5、R6、R8とR10はそれぞれ、独立してH又はC1〜C4のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキルであり;
R7は独立してH、R14、あるいは−R14C(=O)X1R15又は−R14X1R15から選択され、そのうち、R14とR15はそれぞれC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル;複素環、炭素環、シクロアルカン;又はC3−C8アリール、復素環アルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;X1はO、S、S−S、NH又はNR14であり;
R9は独立して、−O−、−OR14、−OC(=O)R14−、−OC(=O)NHR14−、−OC(=O)R14SSR15−、OP(=O)(OR14)−であり、そのうち、R14とR15はそれぞれC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;又はC3−C8アリール、ヘテロアリール、複素環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R11は独立して、H、R14、−R14C(=O)R16、−R14X2R16、−R14C(=O)X2であり;そのうち、X2 は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R12は独立して、R14、−OH、−SH、−NH2、=NH、=NNH2、−NH(R14)、−OR14、−COR16、−COOR14−、C(O)NH2、C(O)NHR14、−SR14、−S(=O)R14、−P(=O)(OR16)2、−OP(=O)(OR16)2、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)2、又は−SO2R16であり;R14は独立して、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R13はC1−C10アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アルキル酸、アルキルアミド、アルキルアミン又はArであり;そのうち、Arとは、1員環又は複数員環からなる芳香族環又は複素芳香族環であり、芳香族環又は複素芳香族環ごとに4〜10個の炭素原子を含み、最も好ましくは4〜6つの炭素原子を含み、複素芳香族環とは、1つ又はいくつかの炭素原子が他の原子によって置換された芳香族環を意味し、最も好ましくは、1つ、2つ又は3つの炭素原子がO、N、Si、Se、P またはSによって置換され、最も好ましくは、O,S、Nによって置換され;アリールまたはArとは、1つ又はいくつかの水素原子が置換された芳香族環を意味し、水素原子を置換するこれらの基は、R17、F、Cl、Br、I、OR16、SR16、NR16R17、N=NR16、N=R16、NR16R17、NO2、SOR16R17、SO2R16、SO3R16、OSO3R16、PR16R17、POR16R17、PO2R16R17、OP(O)(OR17)2、OCH2OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)OP(O)(OR17)2、PO(OR16)(OR17)、OP(O)(OR17)OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)R17 またはOC(O)NHR17を含み;そのうち、R16とR17はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニル或いはC4−C12グリコシド又は医薬用塩であり;
また、R10がHでない場合、或いは、R13が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
或いは、R11が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
構造式(V)で示される構造を有する、付記1に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤・薬物であり、そのうち、R1、R2、R3とR4が独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2〜C8のヘテロ環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル;C3〜C8のアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル;2つのR基(例えば、R1R2 、R2R3 、R3R4、R5R6、R12R13という各組合せが炭素数3〜7の炭素環基、シクロアルキル、複素環基とヘテロシクロアルキルなど環係基であってもいい)をそれぞれ表し、YがNまたはCHであり;また、R1、R3とR4はHであってもよく、かつ、R2は欠如していてもよく、
R5、R6、R8と R10はそれぞれ、独立してH又はC1〜C4のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキルであり;
R7は独立してH、R14、あるいは−R14C(=O)X1R15又は−R14X1R15から選択され、そのうち、R14 とR15はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環、シクロアルカン;C3−C8アリール、復素環アルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり、X1はO、S、S−S、NH又はNR14であり;
R9は独立してH、−O−、−OR14、−OC(=O)R14−、−OC(=O)NHR14−、−OC(=O)R14SSR15、OP(=O)(OR14)−またはOR14OP(=O)(OR15)であり;そのうち、R14とR15はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R11は独立して−R14、−R14C(=O)R17、−R14X2R17、−R14C(=O)X2であり;そのうち、R17は独立してH、OH、C1〜C8のアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル;C3−C8アリール,アリレン、複素環、炭素環、ヘテロシクロシクロアルキル;または1つあるいは二つのアミノ酸単位であり;R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;X2は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル;C3−C8アリール、複素環、炭素環、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R12は独立してR14、−OH、−SH、−NH2、=NH、=NNH2、−NH(R14)、−OR14、−COR16、−COOR14−、C(O)NH2、C(O)NHR14、−SR14、−S(=O)R14、−P(=O)(OR16)2、−OP(=O)(OR16)2、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)2、又は−SO2R16であり;R14は独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R13はC1−C10アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アルキル酸、アルキルアミド、アルキルアミン又はArであり;そのうち、Arとは、1員環又は複数員環からなる芳香族環又は複素芳香族環であり、芳香族環又は複素芳香族環ごとに4〜10個の炭素原子を含み、最も好ましくは4〜6つの炭素原子を含み;複素芳香族環とは、1つ又はいくつかの炭素原子が他の原子によって置換された芳香族環を意味し、最も好ましくは、1つ、2つ又は3つの炭素原子がO、N、Si、Se、PまたはSによって置換され、最も好ましくは、O、S、Nによって置換され;アリールまたはArとは、1つ又はいくつかの水素原子が置換された芳香族環を意味し、水素原子を置換するこれらの基は、独立してR17、F、Cl、Br、I、OR16、SR16、NR16R17、N=NR16、N=R16、NR16R17、NO2、SOR16R17、SO2R16、SO3R16、OSO3R16、PR16R17、POR16R17、PO2R16R17、OP(O)(OR17)2、OCH2OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)OP(O)(OR17)2、PO(OR16)(OR17)、OP(O)(OR17)OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)R17 またはOC(O)NHR17を含み;そのうち、R16とR17はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のH、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニル或いはC4−C12グリコシド又は医薬用塩であり;
また、R10がHでない場合、或いは、R13が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
或いは、R11が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
構造式(VI)で示される構造を有する、付記1に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤・薬物であり、そのうち、R1、R2、R3とR4がC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2〜C8のヘテロ環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル;C3〜C8のアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル;2つのR基(例えば、R1R2 、 R2R3 、R3R4、R5R6、R12R13という各組合せが炭素数3〜7の炭素環基、シクロアルキル、複素環基とヘテロシクロアルキルなど環係基であってもいい)をそれぞれ表し;YがNまたはCHであり;また、R1、R3とR4はHであってもよく、かつ、R2は欠如していてもよく、
R5、R6、R8とR10はそれぞれ、独立してH又はC1〜C4のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキルであり;
R7 は独立してH、R14、あるいは−R14C(=O)X1R15又は−R14X1R15から選択され;そのうち、R14 とR15 はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のアルキル又はヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル;複素環、炭素環、シクロアルカン;C3−C8アリール、復素環アルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;X1はO、S、S−S、NH又はNR14であり;
R9は独立してH、−O−、−OR14、−OC(=O)R14−、−OC(=O)NHR14−、−OC(=O)R14SSR15、OP(=O)(OR14)−またはOR14OP(=O)(OR15)であり;そのうち、R14 とR15 はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R11は独立してH、R14、−R14C(=O)R16、−R14X2R16、−R14C(=O)X2であり;そのうち、X2は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16はH、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R12は独立してR14、−O-、−S-、−NH−、=N-、=NNH、−N(R14)-、−OR14-、C(O)O−、C(O)NH−、C(O)NR14、−SR14、−S(=O)R14、NHR14、−CH2OP(=O)(OR15)−、−P(=O)(OR15)―、−C(O)OP(=O)(OR15)−、−OP(=O)(OR15)O―、−SO2R14であり;R14、R15、は独立して、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル;C3−C8アリール、複素環、炭素環、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R13はC1−C10アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アルキル酸、アルキルアミド、アルキルアミン又はArであり;そのうち、Arとは、1員環又は複数員環からなる芳香族環又は複素芳香族環であり、芳香族環又は複素芳香族環ごとに4〜10個の炭素原子を含み、最も好ましくは4〜6つの炭素原子を含み、複素芳香族環とは、1つ又はいくつかの炭素原子が他の原子によって置換された芳香族環を意味し、最も好ましくは、1つ、2つ又は3つの炭素原子がO、N、Si、Se、P またはSによって置換され、最も好ましくは、O,S、Nによって置換され;アリールまたはArとは、1つ又はいくつかの水素原子が置換された芳香族環を意味し、水素原子を置換するこれらの基は、R17、F、Cl、Br、I、OR16、SR16、NR16R17、N=NR16、N=R16、NR16R17、NO2、SOR16R17、SO2R16、SO3R16、OSO3R16、PR16R17、POR16R17、PO2R16R17、OP(O)(OR17)2、OCH2OP(O)(OR17)2、PO(OR16)(OR17)、OC(O)OP(O)(OR17)2、OC(O)R17 またはOC(O)NHR17を含み;そのうち、R16とR17はそれぞれ、独立してH―、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニル或いはC4−C12グリコシド又は医薬用塩であり;
また、R10がHでない場合、或いは、R13が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
或いは、R11が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
R12は独立してR14、−O-、−S-、−NH−、=N-、=NNH、−N(R14)-、−OR14-、C(O)O−、−COR16−、−COOR14−、C(O)NH−、C(O)NR14、−SR14、−S(=O)R14、−P(=O)(OR16)―、−OP(=O)(OR16)―、OP(=O)(OR16)O―、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)−、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)O−、−SO2R14であり;R14は独立して、C1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;;R16は H、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位である。)
構造式(VII)で示される構造を有する、付記1に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤・薬物であり、そのうち、R1、R2、R3とR4が独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2〜C8のヘテロ環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、複素環アルキル、C3〜C8のアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル;又は2つのR基(例えば、R1R2 、R2R3 、R3R4、R5R6、R12R13という各組合せが炭素数3〜7の炭素環基、シクロアルキル、または複素環基とヘテロシクロアルキルなど環係基であってもいい)をそれぞれ表し、YがNまたはCHであり;また、R1、R3とR4はHであってもよく、かつ、R2は欠如していてもよく、
R5、R6、R8とR10はそれぞれ、独立してH又はC1〜C4のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキルであり;
R7 は独立して独立してH、R14、あるいは−R14C(=O)X1R15又は−R14X1R15から選択され;そのうち、R14とR15はそれぞれ独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環、シクロアルカン;C3−C8アリール、復素環アルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;X1はO、S、S−S、NH又はNR14であり;
R9は独立してH、−O−、−OR14、−OC(=O)R14−、−OC(=O)NHR14−、−OC(=O)R14SSR15、OP(=O)(OR14)−またはOR14OP(=O)(OR15)であり;そのうち、R14 とR15 はそれぞれ、独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;
R11は独立してH、R14、−R14C(=O)R16、−R14X2R16、−R14C(=O)X2であり;そのうち、X2 は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり;R14はC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16は H、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R12は独立してR14、−OH、−SH、−NH2、=NH、=NNH2、−NH(R14)、−OR14、−COR16、−COOR14−、C(O)NH2、C(O)NHR14、−SR14、−S(=O)R14、−P(=O)(OR16)2、−OP(=O)(OR16)2、−CH2OP(=O)(OR16)2、−C(O)OP(=O)(OR16)2、又は−SO2R16であり;R14は独立してC1〜C8のアルキル、ヘテロアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;又はC3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニルであり;R16は H、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
R13はC1−C10アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アルキル酸、アルキルアミド、アルキルアミン又はArであり;そのうち、Arとは、1員環又は複数員環からなる芳香族環又は複素芳香族環であり、芳香族環又は複素芳香族環ごとに4〜10個の炭素原子を含み、最も好ましくは4〜6つの炭素原子を含み、複素芳香族環とは、1つ又はいくつかの炭素原子が他の原子によって置換された芳香族環を意味し、最も好ましくは、1つ、2つ又は3つの炭素原子がO、N、Si、Se、PまたはSによって置換され、最も好ましくは、O、S、Nによって置換され;アリールまたはArとは、1つ又はいくつかの水素原子が置換された芳香族環を意味し、水素原子を置換するこれらの基は、R18、F、Cl、Br、I、OR16、SR16、NR16R18、N=NR16、N=R16、NR16R18、NO2、SOR16R18、SO2R16、SO3R16、OSO3R16、PR16R18、POR16R18、PO2R16R18、OPO3R16R18 、CH2OPO3R16R18、OP(O)(OR16)OP(O)(OR18)2、C(O)OPO3R16R18またはPO3R16R18を含み、そのうち、R16とR18はそれぞれ、独立してH、C1〜C8のアルキル;C2−C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル;C3−C8アリール、複素環、炭素環、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル或いはC4−C12グリコシド又は医薬用塩であり;
また、R10がHでない場合、或いは、R13が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
或いは、R11が下記の基である場合、R12はHであってもよく、
最も好ましくは、構造式(VIII)で示される構造を有する、付記7に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
下記の分子式を有する、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のリンカーL。
Vは間隔単位であり、H、O、NH、S、C1−C8アルキル又はヘテロアルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、アルキニル、複素環、炭素環;C3−C8アリール、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル、又は1−4個のアミノ酸単位を単独で示し;vは0、1又は2である。)
細胞結合体Tが、抗体、一本鎖抗体または標的細胞と結合可能な抗体断片、モノクローナル抗体、単鎖モノクローナル抗体、標的細胞と結合可能な単鎖モノクローナル抗体断片、キメラ抗体、標的細胞と結合可能なキメラ抗体断片、ドメイン抗体、標的細胞と結合可能なドメイン抗体断片、類似体抗体(アドネクチン)、DAPRins(設計されたアンキリンリピートタンパク質)、リンホカイン、ホルモン、ビタミン、成長因子、コロニー刺激因子、栄養素輸送分子(トランスフェリン)、結合ペプチド、タンパク質、アルブミンに取り付けられた小分子、高分子重合体、人工合成高分子、リポソーム、ナノ粒子、ベシクル、(ウイルスの)カプシドから選ばれる、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の共役体。
抗有糸分裂剤共役体の構造式が、IIa, IIb, IIc, IId, IIe, IIf, IIg, IIh, IIi, IIj, IIk, IIl, IIm, IIn, IIo, IIp, IIq, IIr, IIIa, IIIb, IIIc, IIId, IIIe, IIIf, IIIg, IIIh, IIIi, IIIj, IVa, IVb, IVc, IVd, IVe, IVf, Va, Vb, Vc, Vd, Ve, Vf, Vg, Vh,VIa, VIb, VIc, VIe, VIf, VIg, VIh, VIi, VIIa, VIIb, VIIc, VIId, VIIe, VIIf, VIIg, VIIh, VIIi, VIIj,VIIk, VIIl, VIIm, VIIn, VIIo, VIIp, VIIr, VIIs, 及び VIItで示される、付記1に記載の共役体。
共役体を構成する抗有糸分裂剤分子の構造式が、232a, 232b, 232c, 232d, 232e, 232f, 232g, 232h, 232i, 232j, 232k, 232l, 232m, 232n, 232o, 232p, 232q, 232r, 232s, 232t, 221a, 221b, 233a, 233b, 233c, 233d, 222a, 308a, 308b, 309a, 309b, 290, 299a, 299b, 241, 242, 247, 248, 206, 211, 346, 350, 354, 357, 361, 366, 371及び376で示される、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の共役体。
抗有糸分裂剤がコンジュゲートされた抗体の構造式が、mAb-TZ01, mAb-TZ02, mAB-TZ03, mAb-TZ04, mAb-TZ05, mAb-TZ06, mAb-TZ07, mAb-TZ08, mAb-TZ09, mAb-TZ10a, mAb-TZ10b, mAb-TZ11, mAb-TZ12, mAb-TZ13, mAb-TZ14, mAb-TZ15, mAb-TZ16, mAb-TZ17, mAb-TZ18, mAb-TZ19, mAb-TZ20, mAb-TZ21, mAb-TZ22, mAb-TZ23, mAb-TZ24, 及びmAb-TZ25で示される、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の共役体。
細胞表面結合体Tと結合する標的細胞が、腫瘍細胞、ウイルス感染細胞、微生物感染細胞、寄生虫感染細胞、自己免疫細胞、活性化細胞、骨髄細胞、活性化T細胞およびB細胞、またはメラニン細胞;Apo2、ASLG659、BAFF-R、BMPR1B(骨形成タンパク質)、IGF-IR、CA125、CanAg、E16、EGFR、EphA2受容体;ErbB2、MUC1、MUC16、NaPi3b(同義語:NAPI-3B、NPTIIb、SLC34A2、溶質キャリアファミリー34のII、IIタイプナトリウム依存性リン酸輸送体3B)、VEGF、TF、MY9、antiB4、EpCAM、FcRH2、C242、CD2、CD3、CD4、CD5、CD6、CD11、CD 11a、CD18、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD22、CD26、CD30、CD33、CD37、CD38、CD40、CD44、CD56、CD70、CD72、CD79、CD79a、CD79b、CD105、CD138、CRIPTO(CR、CR1、CRGF、CRIPTO、CXCR5、LY64、TDGF1、奇形腫由来増殖因子)、EphA受容体、EphB受容体、EGFR、EGFRvIII、ETBR(ET)、FCRH1、HER2/ neu、HER3、HLA−DOB(MHCII分子のIa抗原)、インテグリン、IRTA2、MPF(MPF、MSLN、SMR、巨核球増強因子、メソテリン)、GEDA、セマ5B(FLJ10372、KIAA1445、Mm42015、SEMA5B、5EMAG、セマフォリン5 bHlog(semaphoring 5 bHlog)、セマドメイン(sema domain)、7トロンボスポンジン反復と細胞質ドメインを含む)、PSCA、STEAP1(前立腺1の6膜貫通上皮抗原)、とSTEAP2(、HGNC 8639, IPCA-1, PCANP1, STAMP1, STEAP2, STMP, 前立腺)抗原の1つまたは1つ以上を表現する細胞;およびインスリン様成長因子、上皮増殖因子、または葉酸受容体を表現する細胞を含む、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の抗体薬物共役体。
共役体の1つのリンカーが2つの細胞毒素分子と結合する場合、下記の3-ブロモ-マレイミド基、または3,4-ジブロモ-マレイミド基の構造を有する、付記9に記載のリンカー。
共役体における2つの細胞毒素が1つのリンカーと接合する場合、細胞毒素分子と結合する共役体が下記の構造を有する、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
共役体における2つの細胞毒素が1つのリンカーと接合する場合、細胞毒素分子と結合する共役体が下記の構造を有する、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の共役体及び薬学的に許容される塩並びに溶媒化物。
細胞毒性を有する薬物Dが、カリケアマイシン、オーリスタチン(auristatins)、メイタンシノイド、ドラスタチン、CC-1065アナログ、ドキソルビシン、タキサン、ロロベンゾジアゼピン二量体、siRNA又はこれらの分子の混合物などの薬学的に許容されるこれらのいずれかの塩、酸または誘導体から選ばれる、付記16又は17に記載の共役体。
癌、自己免疫疾患または感染症の治療又は予防ために、治療効果がある用量で、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の抗有糸分裂剤がコンジュゲートされた共役体(コンジュゲート)、又は相応の薬学的に許容される塩類、担体、希釈剤、賦形剤、またはこれらの混合物を含有すること、を特徴とする薬物組成物。
癌、自己免疫疾患または感染症の相乗的に有効な治療又は予防における使用ために、治療効果がある用量で、付記1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の共役体を、他の薬物(例えば化学療法、放射線療法、免疫薬、抗自己免疫疾患剤、抗感染剤、または他の抗体- 薬物共役体)と併用した薬物成分を含有すること、を特徴とする薬物組成物。
Claims (12)
- 構造式VIIvで示される構造を有する共役体、該共役体の、薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、若しくは水和塩、又は、これら化合物の多形結晶構造、光学異性体、ラセミ化合物、ジアステレオマー、若しくは鏡像体。
前記リガンドは、細胞と結合可能な薬剤であり、抗体、一本鎖抗体または標的細胞と結合可能な抗体断片、モノクローナル抗体、単鎖モノクローナル抗体、標的細胞と結合可能なモノクローナル抗体断片、キメラ抗体、標的細胞と結合可能なキメラ抗体断片、ドメイン抗体、標的細胞と結合可能なドメイン抗体断片、類似体抗体―アドネクチン、DARPins(設計されたアンキリンリピートタンパク質)、リンホカイン、ホルモン、ビタミン、成長因子、コロニー刺激因子、栄養素輸送分子(トランスフェリン);または結合ペプチド、タンパク質、アルブミンに取り付けられた小分子、高分子重合体、デンドリマー、リポソーム、ナノ粒子、ベシクル、(ウイルスの)カプシドから選ばれ;
前記リンカーは下記の分子式を有し
−W−は独立して自壊性スペーサー、ペプチドベース単位、ヒドラゾン、ジスルフィド結合、チオエーテル結合、エステルまたはアミド結合を含有する拡張単位であり;wは0又は1であり、
Aaは天然又は非天然のアミノ酸単位を独立して示し、rは0〜12の整数を独立して示し、(Aa)rは天然又は非天然のアミノ酸、ジペプチド、トリペプチド、テトラペプチド、ペンタペプチド、ヘキサペプチド、ヘプタペプチド、オクタペプチド、ノナペプチド、デカペプチド、ウンデカペプチドまたはドデカペプチドを示し、
Vはスペーサーであり、H、O、NH、S、C1〜C8アルキル;C2〜C8ヘテロアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル;C3〜C8アリール、複素環、炭素環、シクロアルキル、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、アルキルカルボニル、又は1〜4個のアミノ酸単位;または(CH2CH2O)r(rは0〜12の整数)を単独で示し、vは0、1又は2である。);
括弧内の構造体が効果的な抗有糸分裂剤であり、
そのうち、YはNであり;
R1、R2、R3、R4は、独立して、C1〜C8のアルキルであり、又は、R1がHであり、R2R3は炭素数3〜7の複素環であり、且つ、R4は、C1〜C8のアルキルであり;
R5、R6、R8は、それぞれ、独立して、C1〜C4アルキルであり;
R7は、独立して、R14又は−R14C(=O)X1R15であり;そのうち、X1はOであり;
R9は、独立して、−OR14又は−OC(=O)R14−であり;
R10は、H又はC1〜C4アルキルであり;
R11は、H、R14a、−R14aC(=O)R16、−R14aX2R16、−R14aC(=O)X2、または−Y−R14aであり、(ここで、X2は−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(R14)−、−O−R14−、−S−R14−、−S(=O)−R14−または−NHR14−であり、Yは、C−C(=O)OHである。);
又は、R11は、下記の基であり:
R14とR15は、独立して、C1〜C8のアルキルであり;
R14aは、H、C1〜C8のアルキル;C2〜C8のアルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル;C3〜C8アリール、シクロアルキル、複素環、炭素環、アルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、ヘテロアルキルシクロアルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、アルキルカルボニルから選択され;
R16は、H、OH、R14又は1〜4つのアミノ酸単位であり;
Z1は、CH2OP(O)(OR18)2、C(O)OP(O)(OR18)2、P(O)(OR18)2、P(O)(OR18)OP(O)(OR18)2、C(O)R18、C(O)NHR18、SO2(OR18)、C4〜C12のグリコシド、又はC1〜C8のアルキル、又はC3〜C8のカルボキシアルキル、複素環であり;
R18は、H又はC1〜C8のアルキルであり;
R24は、H、又はCH3であり;
(i)前記共役体は、以下の構造式239、240、242a、248b、249、349、360、365、370、375、376のいずれかで示される構造を有する抗有糸分裂剤及びリンカー部において、当該リンカー部が化学的に修飾されて前記リンカーを構成し、前記リガンドに結合された構造を有し、
(ただし、SSPyはピリジン−2−イルジサルファニルの意味である。)
又は、
(ii)前記共役体は、以下の構造式mAb−TZ10a、mAb−TZ10b、mAb−TZ13、mAb−TZ14、mAb−TZ19、mAb−TZ20、mAb−TZ21、mAb−TZ22、mAb−TZ23、mAb−TZ24、mAb−TZ25、250、251、252、253、351、367、372のいずれかで示される構造を有する。
251(ただし、R’=CH 3 、R’’=H)
252(ただし、R’=H、R’’=CH 3 )
253(ただし、R’=CH 3 、R’’=CH 3 )
(ただし、mAbは標的又は結合リガンドである。)) - 前記リガンドは標的細胞と結合可能な細胞表面結合薬剤であり、
前記標的細胞が、
腫瘍細胞、ウイルス感染細胞、微生物感染細胞、寄生虫感染細胞、自己免疫細胞、活性化細胞、骨髄細胞、活性化T細胞およびB細胞、もしくはメラニン細胞、または、
Apo2、ASLG659、BAFF−R、BMPR1B(骨形成タンパク質)、IGF−IR、CA125、CanAg、E16、EGFR、EphA2受容体、ErbB2、インターロイキン、MUC1、MUC16、NaPi3b(同義語:NAPI−3B、NPTIIb,SLC34A2、溶質キャリアファミリー34、メンバー2、II型ナトリウム依存性リン酸トランスポーター3b)、VEGF、TF、MY9、anti−B4、EpCAM、FcRH2、C242、CD2、CD3、CD4、CD5、CD6、CD11、CD11a、CD13、CD18、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD22、CD26、CD30、CD33、CD37、CD38、CD40、CD44、CD51、CD52、CD56、CD66e、CD70、CD72、CD74、CD79、CD79a、CD79b、CD80、CD90、CD98、CD105、CD125、CD138、CD184、CD221、CD227、CD262、CD276、CD309、CD326、CRIPTO(CR、CR1、CRGF、CRIPTO、CXCR5、LY64、TDGF1、奇形腫由来増殖因子)、CEA、CEACAM3、CEACAM5、DLL4(Δ−like−4)、CTLA4、CXCR4、エンドグリン、EPCAM、エンドセリンB受容体(ETBR)、EphA受容体、EphB受容体、EGFr、EGFRvIII、ETBR(エンドセリン)、ERBB2、FCGR1、FOLR、FCRH1、GD2ガングリオシド、G−28、GD3イディオタイプ、HER2、HER2/neu、HER3、HLA−DOB(MHCII分子Ia抗原)、HLA−DR10、HLA−DRB、インテグリン、IGF1R、IL−2受容体、IL−6R、IRTA2、MAGE−1、MAGE−2、MAGE−3、MAGE−4、MS4A1、MPF(MPF、MSLN、SMR、巨核球促進因子、メソテリン)、MUC1、MUC1−KLH、MUC16、gp100、MART1、MPG、MS4A1、核小体、neuがん遺伝子、P21、抗−N−グリコリルノイラミン酸の抗原結合部位、GEDA、メソテリン、p97、Sema5b(FLJ10372、KIAA1445、Mm42015、SEMA5B、5EMAG、セマフォリン(semaphoring) 5 bHlog、セデマドメン(sdema domain)、7血小板繰り返し配列、細胞質ドメン)、PLAP様精巣アルカリホスファターゼ、PSA、PSCA、PSMA、ROBO4、TAG72、T細胞膜の貫通タンパク質(癌)、タイ(CD202b)、TNFRSF10B、TNFRSF13B、TPBG、TRAIL−R1、VCAM−1(CD106)、VEGF、VEGF−A、VEGF−2(CD309)、STEAP1(前立腺の6膜貫通上皮抗原)、STEAP2(HGNC8639、IPCA−1、PCANP1、STAMP1、STEAP2、STMP、前立腺)抗原、サバイビン、hTERT、肉腫転座切断点、EphA2、PAP、ML−IAP、AFP、EpCAM、ERG(TMPRSS2 ETS融合遺伝子)、NA17、PAX3、ALK、アンドロゲン受容体、サイクリンB1、ポリシアル酸、MYCN、RhoC、TRP−2、GD3、フコースGM1、メソテリン、PSCA、MAGE A1、sLe(a)、CYP1B1、PLAC1、GM3、BORIS、Tn、GloboH、ETV6−AML、NY−BR−1、RGS5、SART3、STn、炭酸脱水酵素IX、PAX5、OY−TES1、精子タンパク質17、LCK、HMWMAA、AKAP−4、SSX2、XAGE1、B7H3、レグマイン(legumain)、Tie2、VEGFR2、MAD−CT−1、FAP、PDGFR−β、MAD−CT−2、Fos−蛋白関連抗原1;およびインスリン様成長因子受容体、上皮増殖因子受容体、または葉酸受容体を発現する細胞
から選ばれる、
請求項1に記載の共役体。 - 前記リガンドと接続された前記リンカーは下記の構造を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の共役体。
- 前記リンカーは下記の構造式のいずれかで示される構造を有する自壊性スペーサーリンカーを含む、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の共役体。
- 前記リンカーは下記の構造式のいずれかで示される構造を有する非自壊性スペーサーリンカーを含む、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の共役体。
- 下記の構造を有する、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の共役体。
前記細胞毒素分子/薬物の少なくとも一方は請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の共役体の高有糸分裂剤であり、
前記細胞毒素分子/薬物の他方は、がん腫の治療に有用な化学物質、例えば、カリケアマイシン、オーリスタチン(auristatins)、メイタンシノイド(maytansinoids)、ドラスタチン、CC−1065アナログ、ドキソルビシン、タキサン、ピロロベンゾジアゼピン二量体、siRNA、及びこれらの組み合わせ、並びに、これらの薬学的に許容される塩、酸、及び誘導体からなる群より選ばれてもよい。) - 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の共役体の製造方法であって、
前記リガンドと前記抗有糸分裂剤とを接続するために、下記の構造式で示される3−ブロモ−マレイミド基または3,4−ジブロモ−マレイミド基の末端構造を有するリンカーを用いる製造方法。
- 請求項7に記載の製造方法で用いるため共役体の前駆体であって、
前記共役体は請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の共役体であり、
前記共役体は前記抗有糸分裂剤及び前記リガンドの一方又は両方を含有し、
前記リガンドは下記の構造式で示される3−ブロモ−マレイミド基または3,4−ジブロモ−マレイミド基の末端構造を有する、前駆体。
- 治療効果がある用量で、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の共役体またはその薬学的に許容される塩と、担体、希釈剤、または賦形剤とを含む、医薬組成物。
- 癌、自己免疫疾患、または感染症の治療又は予防のための、請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 治療効果がある用量で、癌、自己免疫疾患、または感染症の治療または予防に相乗的に働く、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の共役体を含む他の医薬組成物、または、癌、自己免疫疾患、もしくは感染症の治療もしくは予防のための他の治療薬剤を併用する、請求項9または10に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記他の治療薬剤が、化学療剤、放射線療剤、免疫薬、抗自己免疫疾患剤、抗感染剤、および請求項1から6のいずれかの1項に記載の共役体の抗体−薬物共役体から選ばれる、請求項11に記載の医薬組成物。
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