JP6498592B2 - Small construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to a small construction machine in which a prime mover and a driver's seat are arranged adjacent to each other.

  In general, a hydraulic excavator as a representative example of a construction machine includes a lower traveling body capable of self-propelling, an upper revolving body that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body, and front and rear sides of the upper revolving body. And a front device provided so as to be movable up and down.

  Here, the hydraulic excavator includes a small hydraulic excavator for performing work in a narrow work site or the like. This small hydraulic excavator is usually called a mini excavator and is used for dismantling work inside buildings, excavation work in narrow streets, etc. For example, the machine weight is about 0.7 to 8 tons It is suppressed. Therefore, the small hydraulic excavator has a compact overall vehicle body including the lower traveling body and the upper turning body.

  An upper swing body of a small hydraulic excavator includes a swing frame forming a support structure, a counterweight attached to the rear side of the swing frame to balance the weight with the front device, and a front side of the counterweight. A motor mounted on the rear side of the revolving frame and extending in the left and right directions and driving a hydraulic pump; a front plate standing on the revolving frame from the front side of the motor; and A driver seat pedestal comprising a seat mounting plate extending from the upper part of the front plate to the rear side and covering the upper side of the prime mover and to which a seat is mounted; And.

  Here, the front plate of the driver seat base is provided with an opening for maintaining the front side portion of the prime mover. A cover member is detachably attached to the front plate so as to cover the opening. In this case, since the prime mover generates heat and noise, the cover member needs to be attached to the front plate in an airtight manner without rattling so that the heat and noise do not leak from the opening. For this reason, a lot of bolt insertion holes are provided around the cover member, and the cover member can be attached to and detached from the front plate by screwing the bolts inserted into the bolt insertion holes to the front plate. It is set as the structure which can be attached (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP 2005-096631 A

  By the way, in the thing by patent document 1, since it is set as the structure which attaches a cover member to a front plate using many volt | bolts, it will require an effort to loosen or tighten a volt | bolt. In particular, in a small hydraulic excavator, the engine, hydraulic pump, seat, various levers, etc. are arranged in close proximity to each other in a narrow space on the swivel frame. There is a problem that it takes time to attach and detach the lower bolt which is difficult to reach.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to allow the cover member to be easily attached and detached even in a narrow work space and to easily perform maintenance of the prime mover. It is to provide a small construction machine.

A small construction machine according to the present invention is a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body, and can be raised and raised in front of the upper revolving body in the front and rear directions. The upper revolving unit includes a revolving frame that forms a support structure, and a counterweight attached to the rear side of the revolving frame in order to balance the weight of the front device, A prime mover that is mounted on the front side of the counterweight and extends in the left-right direction on the rear side of the swivel frame and that drives the hydraulic pump, and stands on the swivel frame from the front side of the prime mover A driver seat pedestal comprising a front plate and a seat mounting plate extending rearward from the upper portion of the front plate and covering the upper side of the prime mover and to which a seat is attached; and located on the front side of the driver seat pedestal In a small construction machine comprising a footrest member provided on the revolving frame, an opening provided on the front plate of the driver seat base for maintaining a front side portion of the prime mover, and the driver seat base A first cover member and a second cover member arranged side by side in a left and right direction at a position to close the opening, a lower end portion of the first cover member, and a lower portion of the opening of the front plate A first claw portion provided at one of the side positions, a lower end portion of the second cover member, and a lower position of the opening of the front plate. The first claw portion that extends leftward and rightward in the other portion of the second claw portion, the lower end portion of the first cover member, and the lower position of the opening portion of the front plate. A first support member having a first claw receiving portion to engage with, A second claw receiver that extends in the left and right directions at the other portion of the lower end portion of the cover member 2 and the lower position of the opening of the front plate and engages with the second claw portion. A second support member having a portion, wherein the first and second cover members are provided on the lower side by inserting the first and second claw portions into the first and second claw receiving portions, respectively. A portion is attached to the front plate, an upper portion is located above the opening and is attached to the front plate using a fixing member , and at least one of the first and second support members The claw receiving portion of the support member is a wedge-shaped claw receiving portion formed in a wedge shape so that the gap dimension is large on one side in the left and right directions and small on the other side, and is inserted into one side of the wedge-shaped claw receiving portion The lower side of the cover member by moving the one claw part to the other side in the left and right directions The portion is attached to the front plate .

  According to the present invention, the cover member can be easily attached and detached even in a narrow working space, and the prime mover can be easily maintained.

1 is a front view showing a small cab-type hydraulic excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view which shows the small hydraulic excavator which abbreviate | omitted the cab box. It is a perspective view which shows the upper revolving body in the state which fell down the driver's seat to the front side and exposed each cover member. It is the perspective view which looked at the upper turning body of the state which removed each cover member and exposed the engine from the opening part similarly to FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the driver's seat and the operation lever for work on the driver's seat base. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a state where the driver seat base in FIG. 5 is separated into a rear base portion and a front base portion. It is a perspective view which shows the back side base part state in the state which attached the 1st cover member and the 2nd cover member from the right back side. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the back side base part state in the state which removed the 1st cover member and the 2nd cover member from the left front side. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the back side base part state in the state which removed the 1st cover member and the 2nd cover member from the right rear side. It is a perspective view of the principal part expansion which shows the opening part of a front plate in FIG. 8, a 1st supporting member, and a 2nd supporting member. It is a perspective view which expands and shows a 1st cover member and a 1st nail | claw part from the right rear side. It is a perspective view which expands and shows a 2nd cover member and a 2nd nail | claw part from the right rear side. It is the perspective view which looked at the back side base part by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, the 1st cover member, the 2nd cover member, etc. from the same position as FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view shown in the state which isolate | separated the back side base part, the 1st cover member, and the 2nd cover member. It is a perspective view of the principal part expansion which shows each support member by the modification of this invention with the opening part of a front plate.

  Hereinafter, as a representative example of a small construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, a small hydraulic excavator with a cab specification, a so-called mini excavator will be described as an example, and a detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 12 show a construction machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a hydraulic excavator 1 as a small construction machine is configured as a small cab-type hydraulic excavator (mini excavator). This small hydraulic excavator 1 includes a self-propelled lower traveling body 2, an upper revolving body 3 that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body 2, and a front side and a rearward front side of the upper revolving body 3. It is comprised by the front apparatus 4 which is provided so that a heel can be raised and which performs excavation work etc. of earth and sand. Here, since the small hydraulic excavator 1 is used for dismantling work inside a building or excavation work in a narrow place such as a street, the machine weight is suppressed to about 0.7 to 8 tons, for example.

  The upper swing body 3 includes a swing frame 5, a counterweight 6, an engine 7, a hydraulic pump 8, a driver seat base 9, and a footrest member 25 which will be described later.

  The swivel frame 5 is formed as a support structure that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body 2. On the front side of the swivel frame 5, a support bracket 5A that supports the front device 4 in a swingable manner is provided. On the other hand, a counterweight 6 described later is attached to the rear side of the revolving frame 5.

  The counterweight 6 is attached to the rear side of the turning frame 5. The counterweight 6 balances the weight with the front device 4 and is configured as a heavy article formed by casting or the like, for example.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the engine 7 constitutes a prime mover that drives a hydraulic pump 8 to be described later. The engine 7 is arranged in a horizontally placed state that is located on the front side of the counterweight 6 and extends leftward and rightward on the rear side of the revolving frame 5.

  The engine 7 is provided with, for example, a hydraulic pump 8 located on the left side in the left and right directions, and a cooling fan (not shown) on the right side. The hydraulic pump 8 is driven by the engine 7 to supply hydraulic oil to hydraulic actuators provided in the lower traveling body 2, the front device 4, and the like. A heat exchange device (not shown) for cooling engine coolant, hydraulic oil, etc. is provided at a position facing the cooling fan. As the prime mover, a hybrid prime mover provided with an electric motor for assisting in the engine can be used, or only the electric motor can be used as the prime mover.

  Next, the configuration of the driver seat base 9 and the footrest member 25 which are the characteristic portions of the present embodiment provided on the turning frame 5 will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the driver's seat pedestal 9 includes, for example, a rear pedestal part 10 located on the rear side and a front pedestal part 21 attached to the front side of the rear pedestal part 10. Yes. In the present embodiment, the driver seat pedestal 9 is divided into two members, that is, the rear pedestal portion 10 and the front pedestal portion 21 due to the arrangement relationship between the driver seat pedestal 9 and the engine 7. A seat pedestal can also be configured.

  The rear pedestal portion 10 covers the front side and the upper side of the engine 7. As shown in FIG. 6, the rear pedestal portion 10 has a front plate 11 erected on the revolving frame 5 from the front side of the engine 7. On the upper side of the front plate 11, a mounting base on which a seat 26 is attached as a part of the seat mounting plate 23 by supporting a rear portion of a seat mounting plate 23 of a front base portion 21 to be described later at a position covering the engine 7. 12A and 12B are provided at intervals in the left and right directions. Further, the rear base portion 10 is provided with a flat mounting plate 13 extending rearward from the upper portion of the front plate 11. This attachment plate 13 is attached to the upper surface part of the counterweight 6, for example.

  The front plate 11 is formed by a vertical surface plate 11A that is positioned on the lower side and rises in the vertical direction, and an inclined surface plate 11B that is bent from the upper part of the vertical surface plate 11A and extends obliquely rearward. The above-described mounting bases 12A and 12B are disposed in the middle of the inclined surface plate 11B. A first support member 18 and a second support member 19 which will be described later are attached to the back surface 11A1 of the vertical surface plate 11A on the engine 7 side.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the front plate 11 is provided with an opening 11C across the vertical surface plate 11A and the inclined surface plate 11B. The opening 11C is an opening for maintaining the front side portion of the engine 7, for example, the engine 7 and a generator driven by the engine 7, a pump, and the like. The opening 11C is located on the inclined surface plate 11B side and extends in the left and right directions, the upper end edge 11C1 is positioned on the vertical surface plate 11A side and extends in the left and right directions, and the upper end edge 11C1. A left end edge 11C3 and a right end edge 11C4 extending upward and downward so as to connect the end and the end of the lower end edge 11C2 constitute a substantially rectangular opening. Further, the opening 11C is greatly opened so that maintenance around the engine 7 can be performed efficiently. Accordingly, two cover members 14 and 15 described later are used to close the opening 11C.

  In addition, the inclined surface plate 11B of the front plate 11 is provided with a plurality of, for example, three female screw holes 11D with an interval in the left and right directions, located above the opening 11C. The three female screw holes 11D constitute bolt holes of the fixing member, and a cover bolt 20 described later is screwed when the cover members 14 and 15 are attached.

  The left mounting base 12 </ b> A and the right mounting base 12 </ b> B are disposed at positions sandwiching the inclined surface plate 11 </ b> B of the front plate 11. The left mounting base 12A and the right mounting base 12B are provided with female screw holes 12A1 and 12B1 in the upward and downward directions. The female screw holes 12A1 and 12B1 are for screwing connection bolts 24, which will be described later, when the front pedestal part 21 is attached to the front side of the rear pedestal part 10.

  The first cover member 14 is detachably attached to the front plate 11 so as to cover the right side portion of the opening 11C provided in the front plate 11 of the rear pedestal portion 10. The second cover member 15 is detachably attached to the front plate 11 so as to be arranged on the left side in the left and right directions with the first cover member 14 so as to cover the left side portion of the opening 11C. Thus, the first cover member 14 and the second cover member 15 cooperate to close the opening 11C.

  The first cover member 14 is formed by a vertical portion 14A facing the vertical surface plate 11A of the front plate 11 and an inclined portion 14B extending diagonally rearward from the upper edge of the vertical portion 14A and facing the inclined surface plate 11B. ing. The first cover member 14 is provided with a bulging portion 14C located near the upper side of the vertical portion 14A. The bulging portion 14C is to avoid a part of the engine 7 from interfering with the bulging to the front side.

  As shown in FIG. 11, a first claw portion 16 to be described later is attached to the lower side position of the vertical portion 14 </ b> A and located on the right side in the left and right directions. Also, bolt insertion holes 14D are provided on the left side and the right side above the inclined portion 14B. The two bolt insertion holes 14D communicate with the two female screw holes 11D located on the right side and the center when the first cover member 14 is disposed at a predetermined mounting position with respect to the front plate 11. .

  The second cover member 15 is detachably attached to the front plate 11 so as to cover the left side portion of the opening 11C of the front plate 11. The second cover member 15 includes a vertical portion 15A facing the vertical surface plate 11A of the front plate 11 and an inclined surface plate extending obliquely rearward from the upper edge of the vertical portion 15A in substantially the same manner as the first cover member 14. 11B and the inclined part 15B which faces 11B.

  Here, the second cover member 15 is provided with a fixing plate portion 15 </ b> C so as to overlap the front side opposite to the engine 7. The fixing plate portion 15C is integrally fixed to the vertical portion 15A and the inclined portion 15B so as to protrude rightward from the right end portion of the vertical portion 15A and the inclined portion 15B. The fixing plate portion 15 </ b> C can fix the left side portion of the first cover member 14 against the front plate 11 when the second cover member 15 is attached to the front plate 11. In addition, the fixing plate portion 15 </ b> C overlaps with the left side portion of the first cover member 14, so that the sealing performance can be improved, and the engine 7 is interposed between the first cover member 14 and the second cover member 15. The leakage of heat and noise can be suppressed.

  A second claw portion 17 which will be described later is attached to the lower position of the vertical portion 15A and is located on the left side of the central portion. In addition, bolt insertion holes 15D are provided at positions above the inclined portion 15B and the fixed plate portion 15C with a spacing in the left and right directions. The bolt insertion hole 15D communicates with the two female screw holes 11D located at the center and the left side when the second cover member 15 is disposed at a predetermined mounting position with respect to the front plate 11.

  The first claw portion 16 is provided at the lower end portion of the first cover member 14 on the right side in the left and right directions, that is, on the right side position on the back side (front plate 11 side) of the vertical portion 14A. The first claw portion 16 is formed by bending a rectangular plate into a crank shape. The first claw portion 16 is positioned below the bulging portion 14C and fixed to the vertical portion 14A by means of welding or the like, and is bent from the lower end of the fixing portion 16A to be horizontally aligned A horizontal portion 16B extending inward, and an engaging claw 16C bent downward from the tip of the horizontal portion 16B and extending downward.

  Here, the thickness dimension (plate thickness dimension) of the engaging claw 16C is larger than the gap dimension W2 in the groove width direction of the fixed groove part 18C2 constituting the first claw receiving part 18C of the first support member 18 described later. Are set to slightly smaller dimensions. Thereby, in a state where the engaging claw 16C is inserted into the fixing groove 18C2, the rattling of the engaging claw 16C can be suppressed, and the lower portion of the first cover member 14 is stably fixed at an accurate position. can do.

  Further, when the first claw portion 16 is inserted into the first claw receiving portion 18C of the first support member 18, the horizontal portion 16B comes into contact with the first support member 18, thereby One cover member 14 can be positioned upward and downward.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the 2nd nail | claw part 17 is provided in the lower end part of the 2nd cover member 15, ie, the center position of the back side (front plate 11 side) of the vertical part 15A. Similar to the first claw portion 16 described above, the second claw portion 17 includes a fixing portion 17A, a horizontal portion 17B, and an engagement claw 17C by bending a rectangular plate body into a crank shape. Yes. The thickness dimension (plate thickness dimension) of the engaging claw 17C is set to be slightly smaller than the gap dimension W3 of the second claw receiving portion 19C of the second support member 19 described later. As a result, in a state where the engaging claw 17C is inserted into the second claw receiving portion 19C, the rattling of the engaging claw 17C can be suppressed, and the lower portion of the second cover member 15 is brought to an accurate position. It can be fixed stably.

  Next, the first support member 18 having the first claw receiving portion 18C with which the first claw portion 16 is engaged and the second claw receiving portion 19C with which the second claw portion 17 is engaged. A configuration with the second support member 19 having the above will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10. In the present embodiment, the case where the first support member 18 and the second support member 19 are separately provided in the left and right directions is illustrated.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the first support member 18 is a vertical face plate of the front plate 11 that is on the engine 7 side of the front plate 11 at the lower right position of the opening 11 </ b> C formed in the front plate 11. It is provided on the back surface 11A1 of 11A. The first support member 18 is provided separately from a second support member 19 described later. As shown in FIG. 9, the first support member 18 is formed by bending a rectangular plate into an angle. The first support member 18 is positioned below the lower end edge 11C2 of the opening 11C and is fixed to the back surface 11A1 of the vertical surface plate 11A by means of welding or the like, and the upper end of the fixing portion 18A. The groove forming portion 18B is bent and extended in the horizontal direction, and the first claw receiving portion 18C is formed in the groove forming portion 18B.

  Here, the first support member 18 has such a length that the first claw portion 16 can be moved in the left and right directions in a state where the first claw portion 16 is inserted into the first claw receiving portion 18C. The dimensions (left and right dimensions) are set. For example, the length dimension of the first claw receiving part 18C is set to a dimension several times larger than the width dimension of the first claw part 16 in the left and right directions.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the first claw receiving portion 18C is formed as a long through groove that is long in the left and right directions. The first claw receiving portion 18C is formed in a wedge shape so that the gap dimension W1 is large on the left side which is one side in the left and right directions and the gap dimension W2 is small on the right side which is the other side. Specifically, the first claw-receiving portion 18C having a wedge shape has an insertion groove 18C1 having a large gap dimension W1 on the left side in the left and right directions, and a gap in which the right side in the left and right directions is smaller than the gap dimension W1. The fixed groove 18C2 has a dimension W2. Between the insertion groove 18C1 and the fixed groove 18C2, there is an inclined groove 18C3 in which the gap dimension gradually decreases.

  In this case, the groove shape of the first claw receiving portion 18C is formed such that the opposite side (rear side) to the opening 11C is linear, and the opening 11C side (front side) is appropriately bent. This is because when the first cover member 14 is assembled, the first cover member 14 is not displaced rearward from the position where the first cover member 14 is in contact with the front plate 11. Thereby, in the insertion groove 18C1 of the first claw receiving part 18C, even if the engagement claw 16C of the first claw part 16 is displaced in the direction away from the front plate 11, the engagement claw 16C can be received. it can.

  In the first claw receiving portion 18C, the engaging claw 16C inserted into the insertion groove portion 18C1 is moved to the right side through the inclined groove portion 18C3 to the fixed groove portion 18C2, whereby the engaging claw 16C is moved by the fixed groove portion 18C2. Can be fixed. At this time, since the first claw receiving portion 18C moves the first claw portion 16 to the rear side, the lower portion of the first cover member 14 is attached in close contact with the front plate 11. be able to.

  The second support member 19 is provided on the back surface 11A1 of the vertical surface plate 11A of the front plate 11 at the lower left position of the opening 11C of the front plate 11 so as to be separated from the first support member 18 to the left side. The second support member 19 is formed in an angle shape by an adhering portion 19A and a groove forming portion 19B in substantially the same manner as the first support member 18, and a second claw receiving portion 19C is formed in the groove forming portion 19B. Has been. However, the second support member 19 is formed to be short in the left and right directions together with the second claw receiving portion 19C. Specifically, the length of the second claw receiving portion 19C in the left and right directions is set to be slightly larger than the width of the engaging claw 17C of the second claw portion 17. The gap dimension W3 of the second claw receiving part 19C is substantially the same as the gap dimension W2 of the fixed groove part 18C2 constituting the first support member 18, and the thickness of the engaging claw 17C of the second claw part 17 is the same. The dimension is set to be slightly larger than the dimension.

  Thus, the second support member 19 is configured such that the lower portion of the second cover member 15 is moved to the front plate 11 by the engagement claw 17C of the second claw portion 17 being inserted into the second claw receiving portion 19C. Can be installed against. In this case, since the second claw receiving portion 19C is only slightly larger than the engaging claw 17C of the second claw portion 17, it cannot normally be easily inserted. However, the second cover member 15 is moved downward along the first cover member 14 previously attached to the front plate 11, so that the second cover member 15 serves as a second guide by using the first cover member 14 as a guide. The engaging claw 17C of the claw portion 17 can be easily inserted into the second claw receiving portion 19C.

  The three cover bolts 20 are attached to the front plate 11 such that the upper portions of the cover members 14 and 15 are positioned above the opening 11C of the front plate 11. Each cover bolt 20 constitutes a part of a fixing member together with each female screw hole 11 </ b> D of the front plate 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, among the three cover bolts 20, the cover bolt 20 located on the right side is a bolt insertion hole located on the right side of the first cover member 14 as indicated by an arrow A. It is inserted through 14D and screwed into the female screw hole 11D located on the right side of the three female screw holes 11D. Further, as shown by arrow B, the cover bolt 20 located on the left side is inserted into the left bolt insertion hole 15D of the second cover member 15 and screwed into the female screw hole 11D located on the left side. Further, the cover bolt 20 located at the center is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 15D on the right side of the second cover member 15 as shown by an arrow C, and the bolt insertion hole on the left side of the first cover member 14 is inserted. 14D is inserted and screwed into the female screw hole 11D located in the center.

  Next, an example of a procedure for attaching the first cover member 14 and the second cover member 15 to the front plate 11 of the rear pedestal portion 10 will be described.

  As shown by the arrow D in FIGS. 8 and 9, the engaging claw 16 </ b> C of the first claw portion 16 provided on the first cover member 14 is replaced with the first support member provided on the front plate 11. 18 is inserted into the first claw receiving portion 18C. At this time, by inserting the engaging claw 16C into the insertion groove 18C1 having a large gap dimension W1 in the first claw receiving portion 18C, it can be easily inserted even at the lower position where it is difficult to see. When the engaging claw 16C of the first claw portion 16 is inserted into the insertion groove portion 18C1 of the first claw receiving portion 18C, the first claw portion 16 is moved to the right side together with the first cover member 14 (sliding). ) Thereby, the engaging claw 16C of the first claw portion 16 is disposed in the fixed groove portion 18C2 having the small gap dimension W2. Since the engaging groove 16C can be fixedly supported by the fixing groove 18C2, the lower portion of the first cover member 14 can be attached to the front plate 11 in a positioned state.

  When the lower portion of the first cover member 14 is attached to the front plate 11, as indicated by an arrow E, the second claw portion 17 is engaged with the second claw receiving portion 19 C of the second support member 19. Insert the nail 17C. At this time, by moving the second cover member 15 downward along the first cover member 14, the engaging claw 17C can be easily inserted into the second claw receiving portion 19C. Thereby, the lower part of the second cover member 15 can be attached to the front plate 11 in a positioned state.

  When the lower part of the first cover member 14 and the lower part of the second cover member 15 are attached to the front plate 11, the cover bolts 20 are inserted into the bolt insertion holes as indicated by arrows A, B, C. 14D and 15D are inserted and screwed into the female screw holes 11D of the front plate 11. Thereby, the upper part of the first cover member 14 and the upper part of the second cover member 15 can be attached to the front plate 11. As described above, by attaching the cover members 14 and 15 to the front plate 11, the opening 11C can be airtightly closed by the cover members 14 and 15, and the heat and noise of the engine 7 are transferred to the operator side. Leakage can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the front base portion 21 of the driver seat base 9 is attached to the front side of the rear base portion 10. The front pedestal portion 21 supports the seat 26 while covering the front side and the upper side of the engine 7. The front pedestal portion 21 includes a front plate 22 that is positioned on the front side and is erected on the revolving frame 5, and a flat seat mounting plate 23 that extends rearward from the top of the front plate 22. . At the rear part of the seat mounting plate 23, bolt insertion holes 23A are provided at the left and right corners.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the seat mounting plate 23 is provided with a maintenance opening 23 </ b> B located below the seat 26. In a state where the maintenance opening 23B is opened, the cover members 14 and 15 and the cover bolts 20 can be exposed. Further, by loosening each cover bolt 20 and removing each cover member 14, 15, the engine 7 can be exposed from the opening 11C of the front plate 11 as shown in FIG.

  The front pedestal part 21 is arranged side by side on the front side of the rear pedestal part 10, and the lower side of the front plate 22 is attached to the revolving frame 5. On the other hand, on the rear side of the seat mounting plate 23, the connecting bolts 24 inserted into the respective bolt insertion holes 23A are screwed into the female screw holes 12A1 and 12B1 of the respective mounting bases 12A and 12B of the rear base portion 10. The rear pedestal portion 10 can be integrally attached.

  The footrest member 25 is located on the front side of the driver's seat pedestal 9 (front pedestal portion 21) and is provided on the turning frame 5. The footrest member 25 is a space where an operator who sits on the seat 26 places his / her foot, and forms a floor board in the cab 30. On the front side of the footrest member 25, a travel operation lever / pedal 29 described later is disposed.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the seat 26 is provided on the seat mounting plate 23 of the front pedestal portion 21 constituting the driver seat pedestal 9. The seat 26 constitutes a driver seat on which an operator is seated. Here, the seat 26 is attached to the front part of the seat mounting plate 23 so that the front end of the seat surface can be rotated upward and downward, for example. Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the seat 26 can be moved to the front side with the front side as a fulcrum, and the maintenance opening 23 </ b> B of the seat mounting plate 23 can be opened.

  The left work operation lever 27 is located on the left side of the seat 26 and provided on the seat mounting plate 23. On the other hand, the right operation lever 28 is provided on the seat mounting plate 23 so as to be located on the right side of the seat 26. These operation levers 27 and 28 are operated manually by an operator to operate the front device 4 and the like. Further, the traveling operation lever / pedal 29 is provided on the front side of the footrest member 25, and causes the lower traveling body 2 to travel by being manually operated or stepped on by an operator.

  The cab 30 is provided above the driver seat base 9 and the footrest member 25 so as to cover the seat 26 and the like. The cab 30 is formed in a box shape, and a door 31 that is opened and closed when getting on and off is rotatably attached to the left side surface thereof.

  The small hydraulic excavator 1 according to the first embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation of the small hydraulic excavator 1 will be described.

  First, a small hydraulic excavator 1 having a machine weight of about 0.7 to 8 tons is transported to a work site while being loaded on a truck bed. When the excavator 1 is transported to the work site, the operator gets into the cab 30 and sits on the seat 26. By operating the operating lever / pedal 29 for traveling in this state, the lower traveling body 2 can be driven to move the hydraulic excavator 1 forward or backward. On the other hand, the operator seated on the seat 26 operates the left and right operation levers 27 and 28 to operate the front device 4 and the like, thereby dismantling the interior of the building and digging a ditch in a narrow street. It can be performed.

  Next, a case where maintenance is performed on the front portion of the engine 7 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the operator who has entered the cab 30 tilts the seat 26 to the front side, and opens the maintenance opening 23 </ b> B of the seat mounting plate 23 of the front pedestal portion 21 constituting the driver seat pedestal 9. A hand is inserted through the maintenance opening 23B, and the three cover bolts 20 fixing the upper portions of the first cover member 14 and the second cover member 15 are loosened and removed. In this state, by pulling up the second cover member 15 and the first cover member 14 in this order, the front portion of the engine 7 can be exposed from the opening 11C of the front plate 11 as shown in FIG. Maintenance can be performed.

  Thus, according to the first embodiment, the opening 11C provided on the front plate 11 of the rear base portion 10 of the driver seat base 9 for maintaining the front portion of the engine 7 and the opening of the driver seat base 9 are provided. A first cover member 14 and a second cover member 15 provided side by side in a left and right direction at a position where the portion 11C is closed, and a first claw portion provided at the lower end of the first cover member 14 16, a second claw portion 17 provided at a lower end portion of the second cover member 15, and a left side and a right direction provided at a lower position of the opening portion 11 </ b> C of the front plate 11. A first support member 18 having a first claw receiving portion 18C that engages with one claw portion 16 and a lower position of the opening 11C of the front plate 11 that extends leftward and rightward. It has the 2nd nail receiving part 19C engaged with the 2nd claw part 17 And a second supporting member 19. In addition, the first and second cover members 14 and 15 are formed on the lower side by inserting the first and second claw portions 16 and 17 into the first and second claw receiving portions 18C and 19C. A portion is attached to the front plate 11, and an upper portion is located above the opening 11C and is attached to the front plate 11 using a cover bolt 20 or the like.

  Accordingly, the first and second cover members 14 and 15 have the first and second support members 18 and 19 on the driver seat base 9 side as the first and second support members 18 and 19, respectively. The lower portion can be attached to the front plate 11 by a simple operation of simply inserting the claw receiving portions 18C and 19C. This eliminates the need to attach and detach the bolt at the lower position, which is difficult to reach, so the upper portion of the first and second cover members 14 and 15 that can be easily reached by using the cover bolt 20 etc. 11 can be attached.

  As a result, even when it is difficult to secure a work space for maintenance or the like as in the small excavator 1, the cover bolt 20 positioned on the upper side can be easily attached and detached. Thereby, each cover member 14 and 15 can be easily attached or detached even in a narrow work space, and maintenance of the engine 7 can be easily performed.

  The first claw receiving portion 18C of the first support member 18 is a wedge-shaped claw receiving portion formed in a wedge shape so that the gap dimension W1 is large on the left side in the left and right directions and the gap dimension W2 is small on the right side. . Therefore, in the wedge-shaped first claw receiving portion 18C, the first claw portion 16 is moved to the right by moving the first claw portion 16 inserted into the insertion groove portion 18C1 having a large gap dimension W1 located on the left side. Can be disposed in the fixed groove 18C2 having a small gap dimension W2.

  Thereby, the 1st nail | claw part 16 can be easily inserted in the insertion groove part 18C1 of the big clearance gap dimension W1 among the 1st nail | claw receiving parts 18C. In addition, the first claw portion 16 can be fixed in a positioning state with the fixing groove portion 18C2 having a small gap dimension W2. As a result, the lower portions of the cover members 14 and 15 can be attached to the front plate 11 with a simple operation.

  The first and second support members 18 and 19 are disposed on the back surface 11A1 of the front plate 11 (vertical surface plate 11A) on the engine 7 side. Thereby, in the state which attached each cover member 14 and 15 to the front plate 11, the 1st, 2nd support members 18 and 19 can be concealed so that it cannot be seen from the outside, and appearance can be made favorable. .

  Since the fixing member is provided in the front plate 11, the screw hole 11D and the first and second cover members 14 and 15 are constituted by cover bolts 20 fastened to the female screw holes 11D of the front plate 11. . Thereby, the cover bolt 20 can be attached and detached with a simple operation.

  Further, since the first support member 18 and the second support member 19 are separately provided in the left and right directions, the distance between the first support member 18 and the second support member 19 is set. It can be set appropriately.

  Next, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show a second embodiment of the present invention. A feature of the present embodiment is that a first claw portion and a second claw portion are provided at a lower position of the opening portion of the front plate, and a first claw holder is provided at a lower end portion of the first cover member. A first support member having a second portion is provided, and a second support member having a second claw receiving portion is provided at the lower end portion of the second cover member. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Further, the procedure for attaching each cover member is substantially the same, and is omitted.

  13 and 14, the first claw portion 41 is provided on the back surface 11 </ b> A <b> 1 of the vertical surface plate 11 </ b> A of the front plate 11 at the lower right position of the opening 11 </ b> C formed in the front plate 11. The first claw portion 41 uses the first claw portion 16 according to the first embodiment inverted in the upward and downward directions.

  The second claw portion 42 is provided on the back surface 11A1 of the vertical surface plate 11A of the front plate 11 at a lower left position of the opening portion 11C of the front plate 11 so as to be separated from the first claw portion 41 to the left side. As the second claw portion 42, the first claw portion 16 according to the first embodiment inverted in the upward and downward directions is used.

  The first support member 43 is provided on the right side in the left and right directions at the lower end of the first cover member 14, that is, on the right side position on the back side of the vertical portion 14A. The first support member 43 uses the first support member 18 according to the first embodiment inverted in the upward and downward directions. As a result, the first claw receiving portion 43A is reversed in the left and right directions. The first claw receiving portion 43A is inserted into the first claw receiving portion 43A so as to be movable in the left and right directions. Since the first claw receiving portion 43A is the same as the first claw receiving portion 18C according to the first embodiment except that the first claw receiving portion 43A is opposite in the left and right directions, description of the gap size and the like is omitted. It shall be.

  The second support member 44 is provided at the center position on the back side of the vertical portion 15 </ b> A of the second cover member 15. The second support member 44 uses the second support member 19 according to the first embodiment by being inverted in the upward and downward directions. The second claw receiving portion 44A is formed in the same manner as the second claw receiving portion 19C according to the first embodiment.

  Thus, also in the second embodiment configured as described above, the first and second cover members 14 and 15 are the first and second support members in substantially the same manner as the first embodiment described above. The lower part can be attached to the front plate 11 by simply inserting the first and second claw portions 41 and 42 into the first and second claw receiving portions 43A and 44A of 43 and 44. .

  In the first embodiment, the case where the first support member 18 and the second support member 19 are separately provided in the left and right directions has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention may be configured as a modification shown in FIG. That is, in the modification of FIG. 15, the first support member 51 and the second support member 52 are provided such that the first claw receiving portion 51A and the second claw receiving portion 52A are spaced apart in the left and right directions. Alternatively, a single support member 53 may be formed. Thereby, assembly workability | operativity can be improved by reduction of a number of parts.

  In the first embodiment, the front plate 11 is provided with a female screw hole 11D as a bolt hole of a fixing member, and a cover bolt 20 is screwed into the female screw hole 11D, whereby each of the cover members 14 and 15 is provided. The upper portion is attached to the front plate 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the front plate is provided with a bolt insertion hole as a bolt hole of the fixing member, and the upper portion of each cover member is attached to the front plate by the bolt and nut inserted into the bolt insertion hole. It is good also as a structure. This configuration can also be applied to the second embodiment.

  In 1st Embodiment, the case where the driver's seat base 9 is comprised from 2 members of the back side base part 10 and the front side base part 21 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a front driver plate and a seat mounting plate may be provided on a single driver seat base. This configuration can be similarly applied to the second embodiment.

  In each embodiment, the small cab-type hydraulic excavator 1 including the cab 30 on the driver seat base 9 and the footrest member 25 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a small hydraulic excavator having a canopy specification in which a canopy is provided on a driver seat base.

  In each embodiment, the crawler type hydraulic excavator 1 is described as an example as a small construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a small hydraulic excavator provided with a wheel type lower traveling body. Further, it can be widely applied to other small construction machines such as a hydraulic crane.

1 Small excavator (small construction machine)
2 Lower traveling body 3 Upper turning body 4 Front device 5 Turning frame 6 Counterweight 7 Engine (prime mover)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 Hydraulic pump 9 Driver's seat base 10 Rear side base part 11, 22 Front plate 11A Vertical surface plate 11A1 Back surface 11C Opening 11D Female thread hole (fixing member, bolt hole)
12A, 12B Mounting base 14 First cover member 14D, 15D Bolt insertion hole (fixing member)
15 2nd cover member 16,41 1st nail | claw part 17,42 2nd claw part 18,43,51 1st support member 18C, 43A, 51A 1st nail | claw receiving part 18C1 insertion groove part 18C2 fixed groove part 19 , 44, 52 Second support member 19C, 44A, 52A Second claw receiving portion 20 Cover bolt (fixing member)
21 Front pedestal part 23 Seat mounting plate 23B Maintenance opening 25 Foot rest member 26 Seat 53 Single support member W1 Gap size of insertion groove W2 Gap size of fixed groove

Claims (5)

A self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body mounted on the lower traveling body so as to be able to swivel, and a front device provided so as to be able to move up and down on the front side in the front and rear directions of the upper revolving body ,
The upper swing body is
A swivel frame forming a support structure;
A counterweight attached to the rear side of the swivel frame to balance the weight with the front device;
A prime mover for driving a hydraulic pump, mounted in a lateral state extending in the left and right directions on the rear side of the swivel frame and positioned on the front side of the counterweight;
A driver's seat pedestal comprising a front plate erected on the revolving frame from the front side of the prime mover and a seat mounting plate that extends from the upper part of the front plate to the rear side and covers the upper side of the prime mover and to which a seat is attached;
In a small construction machine comprising a footrest member provided on the swivel frame located on the front side of the driver seat pedestal,
An opening for maintaining a front portion of the prime mover provided on the front plate of the driver seat pedestal;
A first cover member and a second cover member provided side by side in a left and right direction at a position to close the opening of the driver seat pedestal;
A first claw portion provided at one of the lower end portion of the first cover member and the lower position of the opening of the front plate;
A second claw portion provided at one of the lower end portion of the second cover member and the lower position of the opening of the front plate;
The first cover member extends in the left and right directions at the other part of the lower end portion of the first cover member and the lower position of the opening of the front plate, and is engaged with the first claw portion. A first support member having a nail receiver;
The second cover member extends in the left and right directions at the other portion of the lower end portion of the second cover member and the lower position of the opening portion of the front plate and is engaged with the second claw portion. A second support member having a nail receiver,
The first and second cover members are attached to the front plate by inserting the first and second claw portions into the first and second claw receiving portions, respectively, and the upper portion is It is configured to be attached to the front plate using a fixing member located above the opening ,
The claw receiving portion of at least one of the first and second support members has a wedge-shaped claw formed in a wedge shape so that the gap dimension is large on one side in the left and right directions and small on the other side. As a receiving part,
The lower part of the cover member is attached to the front plate by moving the one claw part inserted into one side of the wedge-shaped claw receiving part to the other side in the left and right directions. A small construction machine.   The small construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the first and second support members or the first and second claw portions are arranged on a back surface of the front plate on the prime mover side.   The fixing member includes a bolt hole provided in the front plate, and a bolt or a bolt and nut fastened to the bolt hole for fastening the first and second cover members to the front plate. The small-sized construction machine according to claim 1 constituted.   The first support member and the second support member are formed as a single support member in which the first claw receiving portion and the second claw receiving portion are spaced apart in the left and right directions. The small construction machine according to claim 1.   The small construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the first support member and the second support member are separately provided separately in the left and right directions.

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