JP6468259B2 - 車両用制御システム - Google Patents
車両用制御システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6468259B2 JP6468259B2 JP2016152360A JP2016152360A JP6468259B2 JP 6468259 B2 JP6468259 B2 JP 6468259B2 JP 2016152360 A JP2016152360 A JP 2016152360A JP 2016152360 A JP2016152360 A JP 2016152360A JP 6468259 B2 JP6468259 B2 JP 6468259B2
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- Prior art keywords
- power
- excess
- electric
- compressor
- vehicle
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 110
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 60
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
- B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
車両の減速時に電力を回生するモータジェネレータと、
前記モータジェネレータにより回生された電力を充電する二次電池と、
前記モータジェネレータ又は前記二次電池から供給される電力によって動作する電機負荷と、
前記車両の制動操作によって発生する減速パワーに基づき前記モータジェネレータから供給される電力を、前記電機負荷に供給する電力供給装置と、
前記制動操作によって要求される要求減速パワーが、前記二次電池に充電することが可能な充電可能パワーを超過する分である超過分を算出する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記電力変換装置から前記電機負荷に供給される電力が前記超過分以下となる指令値に従って、前記電力供給装置を制御する、車両用制御システムが提供される。
前記制御部は、前記電機負荷がユーザからの要求に従って動作するのに必要な電力を前記電力供給装置に供給させるための要求値を導出し、前記指令値と前記要求値とのうち前記電機負荷に供給される電力が大きくなる方の値に従って、前記電力供給装置を制御する。
前記制御部は、前記超過分の発生、前記充電可能パワーの低下、又は前記超過分が生ずる時の前記二次電池の充電のうちいずれかのイベントの発生履歴を、前記イベントの発生回数が多いほど大きく時間が経過するほど小さくなるように数値化し、
前記電力供給装置は、前記発生履歴の数値が閾値以上で且つ前記車両が減速する時、前記超過分が前記電機負荷の動作に必要な電力に満たなくても、前記減速パワーに基づき前記モータジェネレータから供給される電力を、前記電機負荷に供給する。
前記制御部は、前記車両の減速開始時期を予測し、予測した減速開始時期が近いほど大きくなるように前記発生履歴を数値化する。つまり、第4の態様によれば、前記発生履歴の数値は、予測した減速開始時期が近いほど大きくなる。
複数の車両それぞれが減速した位置を表す減速位置情報が、前記複数の車両から離れた場所に配置されたサーバーに蓄積され、
前記制御部は、前記減速位置情報と自車の現在位置情報とに基づいて、自車の減速開始時期を予測する。
前記電機負荷は、空調装置の電機負荷であり、
前記空調装置は、前記電機負荷の動作によって発生した熱を蓄える蓄熱部を有する。
前記制御部は、現在温度が目標温度に収束するまでの過渡動作を前記電機負荷がしているとき、前記電力供給装置が、前記指令値に従って、前記減速パワーに基づき前記モータジェネレータから供給される電力を、前記電機負荷に供給することを許可しない一方で、現在温度が目標温度に収束してからの定常動作を前記電機負荷がしているとき、前記電力供給装置が、前記指令値に従って、前記減速パワーに基づき前記モータジェネレータから供給される電力を、前記電機負荷に供給することを許可する。
図6は、空調ECU52による空調制御の処理フローの一例を示すフローチャートである。空調ECU52は、図6に示される開始から終了までの処理を所定の周期で繰り返して実行する。
図8は、空調ECU52による空調制御の処理フローの一例を示すフローチャートである。空調ECU52は、図8に示される開始から終了までの処理を所定の周期で繰り返して実行する。
図11は、実施例3において、受入可能電力Winを考慮した空調制御の処理フローの一例を示すフローチャートである。図11は、図8のステップS27での処理内容を示した処理フローを表す。
実施例3では、αmおよびβmは、事前の適合により決定される。しかし、HVECU70は、車両の減速開始時期を予測し、予測した減速開始時期が近いほど大きくなるように超過電力発生履歴を数値化してもよい。HVECU70は、予測した減速開始時期が近いほど大きくなるように超過電力発生履歴変数を変化させる。具体的には、HVECU70は、予測した減速開始時期が近いほど大きくなるようにαmとβmを変化させて、超過電力発生履歴変数を変化させる。
実施例3において、図11のステップS226では、車両の減速を検知することを判定条件の一つとしている。コンプレッサ51等の機器には、実際に電力を使用できるまで遅れ時間がある。加えて、実際の車両では、各ECU間の通信遅れも発生することが予想される。そこで、実施例4のように次の減速開始時点を予測できる場合には、次の減速開始時点から予備時間tdelayだけ事前にコンプレッサ51を始動させる指令を出力することで、車両減速時に減速パワーPの一部を確実にコンプレッサ51に使用することができる。
図19は、実施例6において、受入可能電力Winを考慮した空調制御の処理フローの一例を示すフローチャートである。図19は、図8のステップS27での処理内容を示した処理フローを表す。
図20は、実施例7において、受入可能電力Winを考慮した空調制御の処理フローの一例を示すフローチャートである。図20は、図8のステップS27での処理内容を示した処理フローを表す。
図23は、実施例8において、受入可能電力Winを考慮した空調制御の処理フローの一例を示すフローチャートである。図23は、図8のステップS27での処理内容を示した処理フローを表す。
11,12 駆動輪
14 駆動軸
40 二次電池
50 空調インバータ
51 コンプレッサ
53,53A,53B 空調装置
57 冷媒回路
58,62 電力供給経路
88,89 冷却水回路
100 車両用制御システム
200 サーバー
Claims (9)
- 車両の減速時に電力を回生するモータジェネレータと、
前記モータジェネレータにより回生された電力を充電する二次電池と、
前記モータジェネレータ又は前記二次電池から供給される電力によって動作する電機負荷と、
前記車両の制動操作によって発生する減速パワーに基づき前記モータジェネレータから供給される電力を、前記電機負荷に供給する電力供給装置と、
前記制動操作によって要求される要求減速パワーが、前記二次電池に充電することが可能な充電可能パワーを超過する分である超過分を算出する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記超過分の発生、前記充電可能パワーの低下、又は前記超過分が生ずる時の前記二次電池の充電のうちいずれかのイベントの発生履歴を、前記イベントの発生回数が多いほど大きく時間が経過するほど小さくなるように数値化し、
前記制御部は、前記発生履歴の数値が閾値以上で且つ前記車両が減速する場合であって、前記超過分が前記電機負荷の動作に必要な電力を満たすとき、前記電機負荷に供給される電力が前記超過分以下となるように、前記電機負荷を動作させるための指令値を設定し、前記超過分が前記電機負荷の動作に必要な電力に満たなくても、前記電機負荷に電力が供給されるように、前記指令値を設定する、車両用制御システム。 - 前記制御部は、前記発生履歴の数値が前記閾値未満の場合、前記電機負荷がユーザからの要求に従って動作するのに必要な電力を前記電力供給装置に供給させるための要求値に従って、前記電力供給装置を制御する、請求項1に記載の車両用制御システム。
- 前記制御部は、前記車両の減速開始時期を予測し、予測した減速開始時期が近いほど大きくなるように前記発生履歴を数値化する、請求項1又は2に記載の車両用制御システム。
- 複数の車両それぞれが減速した位置を表す減速位置情報が、前記複数の車両から離れた場所に配置されたサーバーに蓄積され、
前記制御部は、前記減速位置情報と自車の現在位置情報とに基づいて、自車の減速開始時期を予測する、請求項3に記載の車両用制御システム。 - 前記電機負荷は、空調装置の電機負荷であり、
前記空調装置は、前記電機負荷の動作によって発生した熱を蓄える蓄熱部を有する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用制御システム。 - 前記制御部は、現在温度が目標温度に収束するまでの過渡動作を前記電機負荷がしているとき、前記電力供給装置が前記指令値に従うことを許可しない一方で、現在温度が目標温度に収束してからの定常動作を前記電機負荷がしているとき、前記電力供給装置が、前記指令値に従うことを許可する、請求項5に記載の車両用制御システム。
- 前記電機負荷は、空調装置の電機負荷であり、
前記制御部は、現在温度が目標温度に収束するまでの過渡動作を前記電機負荷がしているとき、前記電力供給装置が前記指令値に従うことを許可しない一方で、現在温度が目標温度に収束してからの定常動作を前記電機負荷がしているとき、前記電力供給装置が、前記指令値に従うことを許可する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用制御システム。 - 前記電機負荷は、空調装置の電機負荷であり、
前記制御部は、前記発生履歴の数値が閾値以上で且つ前記車両が減速する場合において、前記超過分が前記電機負荷の動作に必要な電力に満たないとき、空調装置が車室に向けて吹き出す空気の目標吹き出し温度と車室内の測定室内温度との空気温度差に基づき得られた空調装置内の冷却水回路の冷却水の目標水温と測定水温との水温差に基づいて前記指令値を設定する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用制御システム。 - 車両の減速時に電力を回生するモータジェネレータと、
前記モータジェネレータにより回生された電力を充電する二次電池と、
前記モータジェネレータ又は前記二次電池から供給される電力によって動作する電機負荷と、
前記車両の制動操作によって発生する減速パワーに基づき前記モータジェネレータから供給される電力を、前記電機負荷に供給する電力供給装置と、
前記制動操作によって要求される要求減速パワーが、前記二次電池に充電することが可能な充電可能パワーを超過する分である超過分を算出する制御部とを備え、
前記電機負荷は、空調装置の電機負荷であり、
前記制御部は、前記超過分が前記電機負荷の動作に必要な電力を満たすとき、前記電機負荷に供給される電力が前記超過分以下となるように、前記電機負荷を動作させるための指令値を設定し、前記超過分が前記電機負荷の動作に必要な電力に満たないとき、空調装置が車室に向けて吹き出す空気の目標吹き出し温度と車室内の測定室内温度との空気温度差に基づき得られた空調装置内の冷却水回路の冷却水の目標水温と測定水温との水温差に基づいて前記指令値を設定する、車両用制御システム。
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