JP6247379B2 - 燃料電池装置 - Google Patents
燃料電池装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6247379B2 JP6247379B2 JP2016508774A JP2016508774A JP6247379B2 JP 6247379 B2 JP6247379 B2 JP 6247379B2 JP 2016508774 A JP2016508774 A JP 2016508774A JP 2016508774 A JP2016508774 A JP 2016508774A JP 6247379 B2 JP6247379 B2 JP 6247379B2
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 179
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017563 LaCrO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017771 LaFeO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHIHIHNAFRNJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Sr].[La] Chemical compound [Ti].[Sr].[La] KHIHIHNAFRNJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NFYLSJDPENHSBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[La+3] NFYLSJDPENHSBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
2:酸素含有ガス供給ポンプ
3:改質器
4:燃料電池モジュール
7:制御装置
19:燃料電池セル
43:浄化装置
44:着火装置
46:温度センサ
Claims (7)
- 燃料ガスと酸素含有ガスとで、外部負荷に供給する電力を発電する燃料電池セルと、該燃料電池セルに前記燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給装置と、前記燃料電池セルに前記酸素含有ガスを供給する酸素含有ガス供給装置と、前記燃料電池セルより排出された発電に使用されなかった燃料ガスを燃焼する燃焼部と、前記燃料電池セルより排出された発電に使用されなかった燃料ガスを燃焼させるための着火装置と、前記燃料ガス供給装置、前記酸素含有ガス供給装置および前記着火装置の作動を制御する制御装置と、前記燃焼部を経由して排出される排ガスを処理するための燃焼触媒と、該燃焼触媒の温度を測定するための温度センサと、を備え、
該制御装置は、
前記外部負荷より要求される電力の変動に応じて、前記燃料ガスおよび前記酸素含有ガスの供給量を変動させるよう前記燃料ガス供給装置および前記酸素含有ガス供給装置を制御するとともに、前記外部負荷より要求される電力が低下した場合において、前記燃焼部での燃焼が失火したと判断された場合に、前記燃料電池セルに供給する前記燃料ガスおよび前記酸素含有ガスの供給量を、低下した前記外部負荷より要求される電力に応じて設定された供給量よりも少ない量を供給するように、前記燃料ガス供給装置および前記酸素含有ガス供給装置を制御し、かつ前記着火装置を作動させるように制御し、前記着火装置を作動させてから所定時間経過後に、前記燃焼触媒の温度が、前記燃焼部での燃焼が失火したと判断したときの第1の設定温度よりも低く設定された第2の設定温度未満の場合に、前記燃料ガス供給装置および前記酸素含有ガス供給装置からの前記燃料ガス量と前記酸素含有ガス量とを増加させるとともに、前記着火装置の作動を停止するように制御する、燃料電池装置。 - 前記燃料ガスおよび前記酸素含有ガスの供給量における、前記低下した前記外部負荷より要求される電力に応じて設定された供給量よりも少ない量が最低流量であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記着火装置を作動させてから所定時間経過時に、前記燃焼触媒の温度が、前記第1の設定温度よりも低く、かつ前記第2の設定温度以上の場合に、前記燃料ガス量および前記酸素含有ガス量の最低流量および前記着火装置の作動を継続するように制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記燃焼触媒の温度が前記第2の設定温度未満となってからの所定の期間において、前記外部負荷の要求電力が増加した際の発電電力の増加量を、定常運転時と比較して低い値の増加量となるように制御することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記所定の期間経過後において、前記外部負荷の要求電力が増加した際の発電電力の増加量を、定常運転時の発電電力の増加量となるように制御することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記燃焼触媒の温度が前記第2の設定温度未満となった後に前記温度センサにより測定された温度が、前記第1の設定温度未満でかつ前記第2の設定温度以上となった場合に、前記燃料ガス供給装置および前記酸素含有ガス供給装置からの前記燃料ガスと前記酸素含有ガス量との供給量をさらに増加させるように制御することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の燃料電池装置。
- 前記燃料ガス供給装置より供給される前記燃料ガス量を測定するための流量計を備え、前記制御装置は、前記燃焼触媒の温度が前記第2の設定温度未満となった後に前記燃料ガス供給装置および前記酸素含有ガス供給装置からの前記燃料ガス量と前記酸素含有ガス量とを増加させるにあたり、前記燃料ガス供給装置への指示流量値と、前記流量計により測定された流量値とが同じ値を示して所定時間経過後に、前記酸素含有ガスの供給量が増加するように、前記酸素含有ガス供給装置を制御することを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の燃料電池装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2014055021 | 2014-03-18 | ||
JP2014055021 | 2014-03-18 | ||
PCT/JP2015/058147 WO2015141752A1 (ja) | 2014-03-18 | 2015-03-18 | 燃料電池装置 |
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JPWO2015141752A1 JPWO2015141752A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
JP6247379B2 true JP6247379B2 (ja) | 2017-12-13 |
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Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US10396377B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3121888B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6247379B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106068575B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015141752A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (10)
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DE102015215201A1 (de) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-16 | Volkswagen Ag | Brennstoffzellenstapel mit interner Partikelzurückhaltefunktion sowie Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Brennstoffzellenstapel |
JP6701804B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-26 | 2020-05-27 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP6611661B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-11-27 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP6611662B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-11-27 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
US11355766B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2022-06-07 | Kyocera Corporation | Fuel cell module and fuel cell apparatus |
JP6827363B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-28 | 2021-02-10 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池システム |
JPWO2019087833A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-10-22 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池装置、制御装置および制御プログラム |
EP3806212B1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2024-04-17 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for controlling a catalytic combustion apparatus, and catalytic combustion system |
AT521838B1 (de) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-10-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben |
US11876260B2 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2024-01-16 | Kyocera Corporation | Fuel cell system |
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JP3843599B2 (ja) | 1998-04-24 | 2006-11-08 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 触媒燃焼装置 |
JP3885571B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-30 | 2007-02-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池の発電量制御装置 |
JP2006093023A (ja) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム及びこれを用いた電力供給システム |
JP4943037B2 (ja) | 2005-07-27 | 2012-05-30 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池モジュール |
US7951501B2 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2011-05-31 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Fuel cell system and method for controlling current |
JP5369370B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2013-12-18 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5253134B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-24 | 2013-07-31 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池装置 |
WO2010113442A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP4692938B2 (ja) | 2009-05-28 | 2011-06-01 | Toto株式会社 | 固体電解質型燃料電池 |
JP5608120B2 (ja) | 2011-03-24 | 2014-10-15 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 改質装置およびその制御装置 |
KR101459815B1 (ko) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-11-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템의 수소농도 제어 장치 및 방법 |
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- 2015-03-18 EP EP15764117.6A patent/EP3121888B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-18 CN CN201580012809.9A patent/CN106068575B/zh active Active
- 2015-03-18 US US15/126,659 patent/US10396377B2/en active Active
- 2015-03-18 JP JP2016508774A patent/JP6247379B2/ja active Active
- 2015-03-18 WO PCT/JP2015/058147 patent/WO2015141752A1/ja active Application Filing
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3121888A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
US20170084940A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
CN106068575B (zh) | 2018-08-24 |
JPWO2015141752A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
EP3121888A4 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
US10396377B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
EP3121888B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
CN106068575A (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
WO2015141752A1 (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
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