JP6143895B2 - 発電及びメタンハイドレートからのメタン回収 - Google Patents
発電及びメタンハイドレートからのメタン回収 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6143895B2 JP6143895B2 JP2015561389A JP2015561389A JP6143895B2 JP 6143895 B2 JP6143895 B2 JP 6143895B2 JP 2015561389 A JP2015561389 A JP 2015561389A JP 2015561389 A JP2015561389 A JP 2015561389A JP 6143895 B2 JP6143895 B2 JP 6143895B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- methane
- gas mixture
- carbon dioxide
- nitrogen
- methane hydrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 290
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 135
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 209
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 154
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 144
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 63
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclobutane Chemical compound C1CCC1 PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- YCANCZRRZBHLEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].O Chemical compound [N].O YCANCZRRZBHLEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTVVPPOHYJJIJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=C=O VTVVPPOHYJJIJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ethylene, propylene, isobutylene Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/107—Limiting or prohibiting hydrate formation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/34—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
- F02C6/08—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas the gas being bled from the gas-turbine compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/10—Recycling of a stream within the process or apparatus to reuse elsewhere therein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/14—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/46—Compressors or pumps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/48—Expanders, e.g. throttles or flash tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
- F05D2260/61—Removal of CO2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
- F05D2260/611—Sequestration of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
本明細書に説明する実施形態は、低排出発電のメタンハイドレートからのメタンの回収との統合のためのシステム及び方法を提供する。そのような実施形態により、N2及びCO2を含むガス混合物が、発電中に低排出発電所から発生される。ガス混合物は、例えば、永久凍土領域においてメタンハイドレートに閉じ込められたメタンを回収するのに使用される。一部の実施形態において、回収されたメタンは、その後に、低排出発電所の燃料として使用され、従って、発電及びメタン回収システムの統合が得られる。
図1は、発電し、かつメタンハイドレートからメタンを回収するための開発100の概略図である。様々な実施形態において、開発100は、例えば、北極又は亜寒帯のような永久凍土領域に位置する。開発100は、メタン回収システム104と統合された低排出発電所102を含む。
図8は、発電及びメタンハイドレートからのメタン回収の方法800の工程流れ図である。方法800は、図2、図3、及び図5に関して説明したシステム200、300、又は500のいずれかによって実施することができる。更に、方法800は、図2、図、及び図5に関して説明したシステム200、300、又は500のあらゆる変形、又は発電をメタンハイドレートからのメタン回収と統合することができるあらゆる適切な代替システムによって実施することができる。更に、方法800は、例えば、北極、亜寒帯、又は南極大陸のようなメタンハイドレート地層を含む永久凍土環境において実施することができる。
Claims (23)
- 発電しメタンハイドレート層からメタンを回収するシステムであって、
発電するように構成され、発電所からの排気ガスが窒素と二酸化炭素とを含むガス混合物を提供するコンバインドサイクル発電所であって、燃料と酸化剤を希釈剤の存在下で燃焼させ窒素と二酸化炭素のガス混合物を含む排気ガスを生成する燃焼器を有するコンバインドサイクル発電所を備え、
前記希釈剤と前記燃料と前記酸化剤とが、別々に前記燃焼器に注入され前記希釈剤が前記排気ガスの再循環部分を含み、前記システムが更に、
前記排気ガスからエネルギを抽出することによって機械的エネルギを提供するように構成された膨張機タービンと、
前記メタンハイドレート層に流体連通され、前記ガス混合物からの前記窒素及び前記二酸化炭素を前記メタンハイドレート層内の前記メタンハイドレート内に注入することによって、前記メタンハイドレートからメタンを回収するように構成されたメタン回収システムと、を備えている、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記ガス混合物内の前記二酸化炭素を、前記窒素から分離するように構成された二酸化炭素分離システムを備えている、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記メタン回収システムは、前記二酸化炭素及び前記窒素を前記メタンハイドレート内に別々に注入することによって、前記メタンを前記メタンハイドレートから回収するように構成されている、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記メタン回収システムは、前記ガス混合物内で前記窒素を前記二酸化炭素から分離することなく、前記二酸化炭素と前記窒素とを含む前記ガス混合物を前記メタンハイドレート内に注入することによって、前記メタンを前記メタンハイドレートから回収するように構成されている、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記メタン回収システムは、前記メタンハイドレート内への前記ガス混合物の注入の前に前記ガス混合物内の前記窒素対前記二酸化炭素の比率を調節するように構成されている、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記コンバインドサイクル発電所は、
前記膨脹機タービンによって提供された前記機械的エネルギから電気を発生させるように構成された発電機を、備えている、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記メタンハイドレートから回収された前記メタンの少なくとも一部分が、燃料として前記燃焼器内に流入する、
請求項6に記載のシステム。 - 前記コンバインドサイクル発電所は、
前記膨脹機タービンからの排気ストリームを用いてボイラーを加熱することによって蒸気を発生するように構成された熱回収蒸気発生器(HRSG)と、
前記HRSGによって発生させられた前記蒸気からエネルギを抽出することによって機械的エネルギを提供するように構成された蒸気タービンと、
前記膨脹機タービンと前記蒸気タービンとによって提供された前記機械的エネルギから電気を発生させるように構成された発電機と、を備えている、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記メタンハイドレートから回収された前記メタンの少なくとも一部分が、燃料として前記燃焼器内に流入する、
請求項8に記載のシステム。 - 前記ガス混合物からの前記二酸化炭素及び前記窒素の前記メタンハイドレート内に注入する前に前記ガス混合物を冷却するための冷却器を備えている、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記コンバインドサイクル発電所は、実質的に化学量論的に均衡した条件で作動するように構成されている、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 発電しメタンハイドレート層からメタンを回収する方法であって、
燃焼器を備えたコンバインドサイクル発電所で電力を生成するステップと、
前記燃焼器に希釈剤と燃料と酸化剤とを別々に注入するステップと、
前記希釈剤の存在下で前記燃料と前記酸化剤を燃焼させ窒素と二酸化炭素のガス混合物を含む排気ガスを生成するステップであって、前記希釈剤が前記排気ガスの再循環部分を含み、前記排気ガスが窒素と二酸化炭素を含むガス混合物を提供するステップと、
機械的エネルギを提供するように構成された膨張機タービンによって前記排気ガスからエネルギを抽出するステップと、
前記ガス混合物からの前記窒素及び前記二酸化炭素を前記メタンハイドレート層内に注入することによって前記メタンハイドレートからメタンを回収するステップと、を含む、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記ガス混合物を前記二酸化炭素及び前記窒素に分離するステップと、
前記二酸化炭素及び前記窒素を前記メタンハイドレート内に別々に注入するステップと、を備えている、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記ガス混合物を、前記ガス混合物内の前記窒素を前記二酸化炭素から分離することなく前記メタンハイドレート内に注入するステップを含む、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記ガス混合物を前記メタンハイドレート層内に注入する前に前記ガス混合物内の前記窒素対前記二酸化炭素の比率を調節するステップを含む、
請求項14に記載の方法。 - 前記コンバインドサイクル発電所によって電力を生成するステップは、
燃焼器内の前記ガス混合物の燃焼後に前記ガス混合物から抽出されたエネルギを使用して膨脹機タービンをによって機械的エネルギを提供するステップと、
前記膨脹機タービンによって提供された前記機械的エネルギを使用する発電機をによって電気を発生させるステップと、を含む、
請求項12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記メタンハイドレートから回収された前記メタンの少なくとも一部分を燃料として前記燃焼器内に流入させるステップを含む、
請求項16に記載の方法。 - 前記コンバインドサイクル発電所によって前記電力を生成するステップは、
燃焼器内の前記ガス混合物の燃焼後に前記ガス混合物から抽出されたエネルギを使用して膨脹機タービンによって機械的エネルギを提供するステップと、
前記膨脹機タービンからの排気ストリームを用いてボイラーを加熱することによって熱回収蒸気発生器(HRSG)によって蒸気を発生させるステップと、
前記HRSGによって生成された前記蒸気から抽出されたエネルギを使用する蒸気タービンをによって機械的エネルギを提供するステップと、
前記膨脹機タービンと前記蒸気タービンとによって提供された前記機械的エネルギを使用して発電機によって電気を発生させるステップと、を含む、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記メタンハイドレートから回収された前記メタンの少なくとも一部分を燃料として前記燃焼器内に流入させるステップを含む、
請求項18に記載の方法。 - 前記ガス混合物からの前記窒素及び前記二酸化炭素を前記メタンハイドレート内に注入することによって前記メタンハイドレートから前記メタンを回収するステップは、
前記メタンハイドレートを前記窒素と接触させることによって前記メタンハイドレートの温度を上昇させるステップと、
前記メタンハイドレート内の前記メタンに取って代わる前記二酸化炭素に前記メタンハイドレートを接触させることによって前記メタンハイドレートから前記メタンを分離するステップと、を含む、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記メタンハイドレートから回収された前記メタンから不純物を除去するステップを含む、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - コンバインドサイクル発電所からのガス混合物を使用してメタンハイドレートからメタンを回収するためのシステムであって、
燃料と酸化剤を希釈剤の存在下で燃焼させ窒素と二酸化炭素のガス混合物を含む排気ガスを生成する燃焼器であって、前記希釈剤と前記窒素と前記二酸化炭素とは前記燃焼器に別々に注入され、前記希釈剤が前記排気ガスの再循環部分を含む燃焼器と、
前記燃焼器を出る前記ガス混合物からエネルギを抽出することによって機械的エネルギを提供するように構成された膨脹機タービンと、
前記膨脹機タービンからの前記ガス混合物を用いてボイラーを加熱することによって蒸気を発生させるように構成された熱回収蒸気発生器(HRSG)と、
前記HRSGによって発生させられた前記蒸気からエネルギを抽出することによって機械的エネルギを与えるように構成された蒸気タービンと、
前記膨脹機タービンと前記蒸気タービンとによって提供された前記機械的エネルギから電気を発生させるように構成された発電機と、
前記ガス混合物内の前記メタンから前記二酸化炭素を分離するように構成された分離システムと、
メタンハイドレートを含むメタンハイドレート層と流体連通し、前記ガス混合物からの前記窒素と前記二酸化炭素を前記メタンハイドレートに注入することによって前記メタンハイドレートからメタンを回収するように構成され、前記メタンハイドレートから回収された前記メタンの少なくとも一部分が、燃料の少なくとも一部分として前記燃焼器内に流入するメタン回収システムと、備えている、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記膨脹機タービンは、実質的に化学量論的に均衡した条件で作動するように構成され、
前記ガス混合物の少なくとも一部分が、前記燃焼器に再循環される、
請求項22に記載のシステム。
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JP2016517487A (ja) | 2016-06-16 |
CN105008499A (zh) | 2015-10-28 |
US9784182B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 |
EP2964735A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
AU2014226413B2 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
CA2902479C (en) | 2017-11-07 |
AU2014226413A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
CA2902479A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
US20170254263A9 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
WO2014137648A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
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