JP6136351B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6136351B2 JP6136351B2 JP2013033286A JP2013033286A JP6136351B2 JP 6136351 B2 JP6136351 B2 JP 6136351B2 JP 2013033286 A JP2013033286 A JP 2013033286A JP 2013033286 A JP2013033286 A JP 2013033286A JP 6136351 B2 JP6136351 B2 JP 6136351B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- exhaust
- exhaust gas
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
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- F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
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- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
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- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
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- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/04—Filtering activity of particulate filters
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- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
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- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0601—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing being estimated
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
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- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
2NH3+NO+NO2→2N2+3H2O・・・式(1)
12 排気通路
13 排気管内噴射装置
14 前段後処理装置
16 DPF(フィルタ)
17a,17b 電極(静電容量検出手段)
20 後段後処理装置
21 尿素水噴射装置(尿素水噴射手段)
22 SCR(選択的還元触媒)
40 ECU
41 静電容量演算部(静電容量検出手段)
42 PM堆積量算出部(堆積量算出手段)
43 NO2消費量推定部(消費量算出手段)
44 NOx流入比率算出部(制御手段)
45 NOx流入比率調整部(制御手段)
Claims (4)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられて、排気中の粒子状物質を捕集するフィルタと、
前記フィルタの入口温度を検出する入口温度センサと、
前記フィルタの出口温度を検出する出口温度センサと、
前記フィルタよりも下流側の排気通路に設けられて、排気中に尿素水を噴射する尿素水噴射手段と、
前記尿素水噴射手段よりも下流側の排気通路に設けられて、尿素水から生成されるアンモニアを用いて排気中の窒素化合物を還元浄化する選択的還元触媒と、
前記フィルタの静電容量を検出する静電容量検出手段と、
検出される前記静電容量と、前記入口温度及び前記出口温度の平均値とに基づいて、前記フィルタに捕集された粒子状物質の堆積量を算出する堆積量算出手段と、
算出される前記堆積量に基づいて、前記フィルタに堆積した粒子状物質による二酸化窒素の消費量を推定する消費量推定手段と、
推定される前記消費量に基づいて、前記選択的還元触媒に流入する排気中の一酸化窒素と二酸化窒素との比率が1:1に近づくように、前記内燃機関の燃焼状態を制御する制御手段と、を備える
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記静電容量検出手段は、
前記フィルタ内の少なくとも一個以上のセルを挟んで対向する一対のセルにそれぞれ挿入される一対の電極を有する
請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられて、排気中の粒子状物質を捕集する第1のフィルタと、
前記第1のフィルタよりも下流側の排気通路に設けられて、排気中に尿素水を噴射する尿素水噴射手段と、
前記尿素水噴射手段よりも下流側の排気通路に設けられて、尿素水から生成されるアンモニアを用いて排気中の窒素化合物を還元浄化する選択的還元触媒と、
前記第1のフィルタよりも上流側の排気通路から分岐して、当該第1のフィルタを迂回するバイパス通路と、
前記バイパス通路に設けられて、当該バイパス通路を流れる排気中の粒子状物質を捕集する第2のフィルタと、
前記バイパス通路における前記第2のフィルタより上流側の位置に設けられ、前記バイパス通路を流れる排気の流量を調整するオリフィスと、
前記第2のフィルタ内の少なくとも一個以上のセルを挟んで対向する一対のセルにそれぞれ挿入される一対の電極を有し、前記第2のフィルタの静電容量を検出する静電容量検出手段と、
検出される前記静電容量に基づいて、前記第2のフィルタに捕集された粒子状物質の堆積量を算出する堆積量算出手段と、
算出される前記堆積量に基づいて、前記第2のフィルタに堆積した粒子状物質による二酸化窒素の消費量を推定する消費量推定手段と、
推定される前記消費量に基づいて、前記選択的還元触媒に流入する排気中の一酸化窒素と二酸化窒素との比率が1:1に近づくように、前記内燃機関の燃焼状態を制御する制御手段と、を備える
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記第2のフィルタの強制再生を実行する際は、前記一対の電極をヒータとして機能させる
請求項3に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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JP2013033286A JP6136351B2 (ja) | 2013-02-22 | 2013-02-22 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
EP14753870.6A EP2960453B1 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2014-02-18 | Exhaust purification device for internal combustion engine |
CN201480016697.XA CN105143623B (zh) | 2013-02-22 | 2014-02-18 | 内燃机的排气净化装置 |
PCT/JP2014/053737 WO2014129449A1 (ja) | 2013-02-22 | 2014-02-18 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US14/768,577 US9664090B2 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2014-02-18 | Exhaust purification device for internal combustion engine |
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DE102016219387B4 (de) | 2016-10-06 | 2019-01-24 | Audi Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kalibrierung eines Abgassensors |
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US10641153B1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-05-05 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust after-treatment system having an oxidation component bypass for low temperature SCR |
DE102019203306A1 (de) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-17 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Abgasnachbehandlungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung |
CN109973177A (zh) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-05 | 河南科技大学 | 一种柴油机后处理装置 |
CN110925066B (zh) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-05-22 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 后处理控制方法及发动机 |
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JP2008231950A (ja) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-10-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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US20160053654A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
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