JP5810784B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as an excavator having an improved air cleaner layout in an upper frame of an upper swing body.

  The background art will be described using an excavator as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the excavator is configured such that an upper swing body 2 is rotatably mounted on a crawler type lower traveling body 1, and a work attachment 3 is mounted on the upper swing body 2.

  The work attachment 3 includes a boom 4, an arm 5, a bucket 6, and hydraulic cylinders 7, 8, 9 as hydraulic actuators for operating them, and a plurality of hydraulic actuators including these hydraulic cylinders 7 to 9 are hydraulically operated. It is driven by pressure oil (operating oil) supplied from a pump via a control valve (both not shown).

  The upper revolving unit 2 includes an upper frame 10 as a base. The upper frame 10 has a cabin 11 on the front left and right sides of the upper frame 10 (usually on the left side as shown in the figure, hereinafter described in this case), and on the rear end. Each of the counterweights 12 is installed, and an engine room 13 is formed in front of the counterweight 12 behind the cabin 11, and an engine 14 as a power source is installed in the engine room 13.

  FIG. 6 schematically shows a configuration of the upper frame 10 and a conventional device layout for the upper frame 10.

  In this specification, the position of the cabin 11 is defined as the left front portion, and the direction of “front-rear” and “left-right” for the entire machine and each portion is referred to based on this position.

  Further, for simplification of the drawings and description, detailed illustrations and explanations regarding the configuration, equipment arrangement, and piping of each part of the upper frame not directly related to the present invention are omitted.

  A pair of left and right vertical plates 15 and 16 that serve as a reinforcing member for the entire upper frame and a mounting member for the work attachment 3 are provided over substantially the entire length in the front-rear direction at an intermediate portion in the width direction (left-right direction) of the upper frame 10. In addition, left, center, and right partition plates 17, 18, 19 that extend in the left-right direction are provided at the rear portion of the upper frame so as to be orthogonal to the vertical plates 15, 16.

  An engine room 13 is formed by the partition plates 17 to 19, the counterweight 12, and the guard members on the side and upper surfaces (not shown), and the left and right sides of the engine 14 in the engine room 13 (the left side is illustrated in the figure). In addition, a hydraulic pump 20 driven by the engine 14 is provided.

  Further, a cooling fan 21 driven by the engine 14 and a heat exchanger 22 cooled by air sucked from outside by the rotation of the fan 21 are provided on the left and right sides (right side) of the engine 14.

  Although this heat exchanger 22 is shown here as one, a plurality of heat exchanging parts such as a radiator for cooling the engine and an oil cooler for cooling the hydraulic oil are arranged side by side in the left-right or front-rear direction. .

  An air guide shroud 23 is provided on the outer periphery of the fan 21.

  An equipment space S1 is formed in front of the engine room 13 on the right side, that is, in front of the right partition plate 19, a fuel tank 24 for storing fuel of the engine 14, a hydraulic oil tank 25 as a hydraulic oil supply source, and hydraulic pressure. A control valve (multiple valve) 26 for controlling the operation of the actuator is installed in the equipment space S1.

  The “equipment space S1” means a space where equipment can be installed, and refers to the entire space on the right side of the cabin 11 in the space ahead of the engine room. In the known technique shown in FIG. The space on the right side of 16 is used as a substantial equipment space.

  The basic device layout for such an upper frame is shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2.

  In this case, various arrangements of the fuel tank 24, the hydraulic oil tank 25, and the control valve 26 in the equipment space S1 have been proposed. For example, as shown in the drawing, the fuel tank 24 is at the front, the hydraulic oil tank 25 at the rear, and the rear part. A control valve 26 is arranged at the front.

  In FIG. 6, reference numeral 27 denotes a suction pipe that connects the hydraulic pump 20 and the hydraulic oil tank 25.

  In such an excavator, an air cleaner 28 that filters the intake air, which is a component of the intake system of the engine 14, is conventionally installed in the engine room 13 as shown in FIG.

  In this case, the air cleaner 28 is installed close to the engine 14 above the engine because the intake port of the engine 14 is provided on the upper surface side of the engine 14. An intake pipe 29 connects the engine 14 and the air cleaner 28.

JP 2004-169465 A JP 2008-285829 A

  According to the conventional excavator, since the air cleaner 28 is installed in the engine room 13 near the engine as described above, the engine 14 and the air cleaner 28 interfere with each other, and there is a problem that both maintainability deteriorates. .

  As a solution to this problem, it is conceivable to install the air cleaner 28 outside the engine room 13, for example, in the equipment space S1.

  However, in particular, in a small excavator called a mini excavator, the entire upper frame is small, so that the width dimension of the cabin 11 occupying the upper frame 10 is relatively large. Accordingly, the width dimension of the device space S1 is reduced and the front-rear direction dimension is also suppressed, and there is a situation in which it is difficult to make an excessive space in the device space S1.

  Further, the hydraulic oil tank 25 and the air cleaner 28 need to be connected to the hydraulic pump 20 via the suction pipe 27 for the former and to the engine 14 via the intake pipe 29 for the latter. As a result, the piping configuration becomes complicated and costs increase.

  In these respects, it is difficult to simply move the air cleaner 28 to the equipment space S1.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a construction machine that can install an air cleaner in an equipment space by making the best use of the equipment space without complicating the piping configuration and increasing the cost.

  As means for solving the above problems, in the present invention, a lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling body, and a work attachment attached to the front portion of the upper revolving body. An engine room is formed in the rear part of the upper frame constituting the upper revolving structure. The engine room is formed on the left and right sides of the engine room, and a heat exchanger and heat A fan for cooling the exchanger is provided, and a cabin is provided on the same left and right side as the hydraulic pump in the front of the engine room, and an equipment space is provided on the opposite side of the hydraulic pump. In this equipment space, hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic pump. In a construction machine where equipment including a hydraulic oil tank as a source is installed, the hydraulic oil tank is placed in the equipment space. In the rear part close to the engine room, adjacent to the cabin and provided at the innermost side in the vehicle width direction, the hydraulic oil tank and the hydraulic pump are connected by a suction pipe, and on the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the hydraulic oil tank, An air cleaner constituting the intake system of the engine is juxtaposed with a gap between the hydraulic oil tank, and the air cleaner and the engine are connected by an intake pipe straddling the equipment space and the engine room.

  Thus, on the premise of the upper frame configuration in which the equipment space is provided in front of the engine room on the opposite side to the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic oil tank connected to the hydraulic pump and the air cleaner connected to the engine are close to the engine room. In the rear part of the equipment space, the layout is such that the hydraulic oil tank is on the inside and the gap is placed side by side in the vehicle width direction. It is possible to install an air cleaner in the equipment space without incurring an increase.

  Thereby, the maintainability of an engine and an air cleaner can be improved.

  In this case, since the air cleaner is disposed outside in the vehicle width direction that is easily accessible from the outside, the maintainability of the air cleaner is further improved.

In the present invention, the hydraulic oil tank is formed in a substantially rectangular shape whose two sides facing each other as viewed from above are shorter than the other two sides, the air cleaner is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the hydraulic oil tank is formed in the equipment space. It is desirable to install the air cleaner in a state where the other two long sides extend in the front-rear direction, and to install the air cleaner in a state where the air cleaner center line is orthogonal to the long side of the hydraulic oil tank. ).

  According to this configuration, the hydraulic oil tank and the air cleaner can be arranged side by side within the width of the equipment space.

  Further, by arranging the air cleaner in the vehicle width direction perpendicular to the hydraulic oil tank, the space occupied in the front-rear direction of the air cleaner is reduced, and the installation of other equipment (for example, a fuel tank) is facilitated accordingly.

  In the present invention, the air cleaner is provided in the upper part of the equipment space in accordance with the height position of the intake port provided in the upper part of the engine, and a battery is installed in the space below the air cleaner in the equipment space. (Claims 3 and 4).

  According to this configuration, it is possible to easily install the battery, which has been difficult for the installation location together with the air cleaner, by making use of the space below the air cleaner.

  In this case, it is desirable to provide an intake box for introducing outside air into the air cleaner above the air cleaner in the equipment space.

  Thus, by arranging the intake box in the same area as the air cleaner (rear part of the equipment space) close to the air cleaner, the connection structure between them can be simplified and made compact.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a routing space is formed between the hydraulic oil tank and the air cleaner and between the rear side of the intake air of the heat exchanger and above the shroud provided on the outer periphery of the fan. Preferably, the intake pipe is routed between the engine and the air cleaner along a route passing through the routing space.

  In this way, it is possible to easily route the intake pipe in a state that does not adversely affect the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger, such as preventing the flow of air through the heat exchanger through the shortest path without any obstacles. it can.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the maintainability of the engine and the air cleaner by maximally utilizing the equipment space and installing the air cleaner in the equipment space without incurring the complicated piping configuration and increasing the cost.

It is a top view which shows typically the apparatus arrangement | positioning in the upper frame in embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1. It is the III-III line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is the IV-IV line expanded sectional view of FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an excavator to which the present invention is applied. It is a top view which shows typically the apparatus arrangement | positioning with respect to the conventional upper frame.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the embodiment, an excavator is applied to the background art.

In the excavator according to the embodiment, the basic configuration of the machine, that is,
(i) An upper revolving unit is rotatably mounted on a crawler type lower traveling body, and an excavator is configured by attaching a work attachment to the upper revolving unit,
(ii) The work attachment includes a boom, an arm, a bucket, and a hydraulic cylinder as a hydraulic actuator for operating them, and a plurality of hydraulic actuators including these hydraulic cylinders are supplied from a hydraulic pump via a control valve. It is the same as the conventional technology shown in FIGS.

  In the embodiment, the following points are also the same as those of the conventional technique shown in FIG.

  (iii) The cabin 31 is installed on the front left and right sides of the upper frame 30 as the base of the upper swing body (hereinafter, described in the case of the left side), and the counterweight 32 is installed on the rear end.

  (iv) An engine room 33 is formed behind the cabin 31 and in front of the counterweight 32, and an engine 34 as a power source is installed in the engine room 33.

  (v) A pair of left and right vertical plates 35, 36 serving as a reinforcing member for the entire upper frame and a mounting member for the work attachment 3 are provided in the middle portion in the width direction of the upper frame 30 over almost the entire length in the front-rear direction. The left, center, and right partition plates 37, 38, and 39 extending in the left-right direction are provided on the rear portion of the upper frame so as to be orthogonal to the vertical plates 35 and 36. The partition plates 37 to 39, the counterweight 32, and the side surface The engine room 33 is formed by the guard members G on the upper surface (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  (vi) In the engine room 33, a hydraulic pump 40 driven by the engine 34 is provided on the left side of the engine 34.

  (vii) On the right side of the engine 34, a cooling fan 41 driven by the engine 34 and a heat exchanger 42 cooled by air sucked from the outside by the rotation of the fan 41 are provided. Is provided with a shroud 43.

  (viii) A device space S2 is formed in front of the engine room 33 on the right side, that is, in front of the right partition plate 39, where a fuel tank 44 for storing fuel of the engine 34, a hydraulic oil tank 45 as a hydraulic oil supply source, hydraulic pressure A control valve (multiple valve) 46 for controlling the operation of the actuator is installed.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 47 denotes a suction pipe that connects the hydraulic pump 40 and the hydraulic oil tank 45.

  In this excavator, an air filtration air cleaner 48 constituting an intake system of the engine 34 is installed in the equipment space S2 side by side with the hydraulic oil tank 45 in the vehicle width direction, and the intake pipe straddling the equipment space S2 and the engine room 33. 49 is connected to the engine 34.

  The device layout of this device space S2 will be described in detail.

  Of the three components, the fuel tank 44, the hydraulic oil tank 45, and the control valve 46, the control valve 46 is installed at the foremost part of the equipment space S2, and the fuel tank 44 is located outside the vehicle width direction behind the control valve 46. It is installed close to the control valve 46.

  On the other hand, the hydraulic oil tank 45 is provided on the innermost side in the vehicle width direction adjacent to the cabin 31 in the rear part close to the engine room 33 in the equipment space S2.

  Specifically, the hydraulic oil tank 45 is formed in a generally rectangular shape with two sides facing each other as viewed from above, shorter than the other two sides, with the long side extending in the front-rear direction at a position close to the cabin 31; The rear half part is provided in a state of being shifted rearward with respect to the fuel tank 44 so as to protrude rearward from the rear surface of the fuel tank and on the right vertical plate 36.

  The air cleaner 48 is formed in a cylindrical shape, on the rear side of the fuel tank 44 and outside the hydraulic oil tank 45 in the vehicle width direction, with the air cleaner center line orthogonal to the long side of the tank 45 and the upper part of the engine 34. In accordance with the height position of the air inlet provided in the upper part, the upper part in the device space S2 (the upper part to leave a space between the upper surface guard member G as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4) is provided. .

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a gap C is formed between the air cleaner 48 and the hydraulic oil tank 45.

  On the other hand, the intake rear surface (left surface) 42a of the heat exchanger 42 and the inner surface 48a of the air cleaner 48 in the vehicle width direction (both are labeled only in FIG. 2) are set at substantially the same position in the vehicle width direction. ing. L in FIG. 2 is a straight line drawn across both surfaces 42a and 48a to indicate this position setting.

  In FIG. 4, the outer shape of the hydraulic oil tank 45 is indicated by a thick line in order to clearly show the outer shape of the hydraulic oil tank 45.

  With this setting, a routing space 50 (referenced only in FIG. 4) is formed between the hydraulic oil tank 45 and the air cleaner 48 and above the shroud 43, and is connected to the air cleaner 48. The intake pipe 49 is configured to be routed through an L-shaped route passing through the routing space 50 toward the upper part of the engine.

  Further, in the equipment space S2, a battery 51 is installed in a lower space of the air cleaner 48 formed by installing the air cleaner 48 on the upper side, and an intake box 52 for introducing outside air into the air cleaner 48 is left above the air cleaner. The air cleaner 48 is installed close to the space (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  In this excavator, as described above, the hydraulic oil tank 45 and the air cleaner 48 are provided at the rear of the equipment space on the assumption that the equipment space S2 is provided on the opposite side of the hydraulic pump 40 and in front of the engine room. By adopting a layout in which the tank 45 is placed inside with a gap C in the vehicle width direction, that is, a layout that can minimize both the suction pipe 47 and the intake pipe 49, the piping configuration is not complicated and the cost is not increased. In addition, the air cleaner 48 can be installed in the equipment space S2.

  Thereby, the maintainability of both the engine 34 and the air cleaner 48 can be improved.

  In this case, since the air cleaner 48 is disposed outside in the vehicle width direction, which is easily accessible from the outside, the maintainability of the air cleaner 48 is further improved.

  Moreover, according to the embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (I) In the equipment space S 2, the hydraulic oil tank 45 having a rectangular shape in plan view is installed with the long side extending in the front-rear direction, and the cylindrical air cleaner 48 is connected to the long side of the hydraulic oil tank 45. Since it installed in the state orthogonal, the hydraulic oil tank 45 and the air cleaner 48 can be reasonably juxtaposed within the width | variety of apparatus space S2.

  (II) By arranging the air cleaner 48 in the vehicle width direction orthogonal to the hydraulic oil tank 45, the space occupied in the front-rear direction of the air cleaner 48 is reduced, and the installation of other equipment (for example, the fuel tank 44) is correspondingly reduced. It becomes easy.

  (III) Since the air cleaner 48 is provided in the upper part of the equipment space S2 in accordance with the height position of the intake port provided in the upper part of the engine, and the battery 51 is installed in the space below the air cleaner 48 in the equipment space, the air cleaner The battery 51 that has been difficult to install together with the battery 48 can be easily installed by utilizing the space below the air cleaner 48.

  (IV) Since the intake box 52 is provided above the air cleaner in the equipment space S2, the connection structure between them can be simplified and made compact.

  (V) A routing space 50 is formed between the hydraulic oil tank 45 and the air cleaner 48 and between the rear side of the intake side of the heat exchanger 42 and the upper side of the shroud 43, and the intake pipe 49 is connected to the intake pipe 49. Since the cable is routed between the engine 34 and the air cleaner 48 through a path passing through the cable space 50, the intake pipe 49 has a shortest path without an obstacle, and heat such as obstructing the flow of air passing through the heat exchanger 42. Wiring can be easily performed in a state where the cooling efficiency of the exchanger 42 is not adversely affected.

  By the way, contrary to the embodiment, the present invention can be applied to an excavator in which the cabin 31 is disposed in the right front portion and the equipment space S2 is disposed in the left front portion, and the hydraulic pump 40 is disposed on the right side of the engine 34. it can.

  Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the shovel but also to other construction machines having the same machine configuration and equipment arrangement as the shovel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper turning body 3 Work attachment 30 Upper frame 33 Engine room 34 Engine 40 Hydraulic pump 41 Fan 42 Heat exchanger 43 Shroud S Equipment space 44 Fuel tank 45 Hydraulic oil tank 46 Control valve 47 Suction piping 48 Air cleaner C Air cleaner Between the oil tank and the hydraulic oil tank 49 Intake pipe 50 Arrangement space 51 Battery 52 Intake box

Claims (5)

  A rear part of an upper frame that comprises a lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling body, and a work attachment that is attached to a front portion of the upper revolving body. An engine room is formed in the engine room, a hydraulic pump is provided on one of the left and right sides of the engine room, a heat exchanger and a fan for cooling the heat exchanger are provided on the left and right sides, and the engine In the front of the room, a cabin is provided on the same side as the hydraulic pump on the left and right sides, and equipment space is provided on the opposite side, and equipment including a hydraulic oil tank that is a hydraulic oil supply source for the hydraulic pump is installed in this equipment space. In the construction machine, the hydraulic oil tank is connected to the cabin at the rear part near the engine room in the equipment space. The hydraulic oil tank and the hydraulic pump are connected to each other by a suction pipe, and an air cleaner constituting an intake system of the engine is operated on the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the hydraulic oil tank. A construction machine characterized in that the air cleaner and the engine are connected to each other by an air intake pipe extending between the equipment space and the engine room, with a gap between the oil tank and the oil tank. The hydraulic oil tank, together with the two sides facing as viewed from above is formed in the shorter approximately rectangular than the other two sides, the air cleaner is formed in a cylindrical shape, the hydraulic oil tank in the apparatus space, the other 2. The construction according to claim 1, wherein the air cleaner is installed with its long side extending in the front-rear direction, and the air cleaner center line is installed with the long side of the hydraulic oil tank orthogonal to the long side. machine.   The air cleaner is provided in an upper part of the equipment space in accordance with a height position of an intake port provided in an upper part of the engine, and a battery is installed in a lower space of the air cleaner in the equipment space. The construction machine according to claim 1 or 2.   4. The construction machine according to claim 3, wherein an intake box for introducing outside air into the air cleaner is provided above the air cleaner in the equipment space. A wiring space is formed between the hydraulic oil tank and the air cleaner and between the rear side of the intake air of the heat exchanger and above the shroud provided on the outer periphery of the fan, and the intake pipe is 5. The construction machine according to claim 3, wherein the construction machine is routed between the engine and an air cleaner along a route passing through the routing space.

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