JP5578388B2 - 中枢神経システム及び/若しくは眼の細胞及び組織中の遺伝子の特異的阻害のための手段と方法 - Google Patents
中枢神経システム及び/若しくは眼の細胞及び組織中の遺伝子の特異的阻害のための手段と方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
−前記血液網膜関門若しくは血液脳関門の外側への1若しくはそれ以上の二本鎖オリゴリボヌクレオチド(dsRNA)の運搬と、
−各関門を通過する前記二本鎖オリゴリボヌクレオチド(dsRNA)と、RNA干渉による1若しくはそれ以上の標的遺伝子の対応するmRNAの発現の調節とによるものである。
AMDは内因性因子と同様に外因性因子によって引き起こされる複雑な病気である(Meyers and Zachary 1988,Seddon et al.1997)。環境要因に加えて、いくつかの個人的危険要因、例えば遠視、明色皮膚及び虹彩色、高い血清コレステロールレベル、高血圧、若しくは喫煙など、が提言された(Hyman et al.1983,Klein et al.1993,Sperduto and Hiller 1986,The Eye Disease Case−Control Study Group 1992,Bressler and Bressler 1995)。AMDに対する遺伝的構成要素はいくつかの研究グループによって実証されており(Gass 1973,Piguet et al.1993,Silvestri et al.1994)、前記疾患は遺伝的な傾向がある患者において環境/個人的要因によって誘発されるという仮説が導かれた。変異によってAMDにかかりやすくなる遺伝子数は知られていないが、多数であろう。
1若しくはそれ以上の対応mRNAを分解する工程と、
1若しくはそれ以上の標的遺伝子の前記対応mRNAは分解される、テスト細胞若しくはテスト組織を提供及び維持する工程と、
好ましくは、前記遺伝子の機能情報を得るために、前記産生されたテスト細胞若しくはテスト組織が発現する表現型を、適切な対照細胞若しくは対照組織と比較及び観察する工程とを有する。
−上記の細胞或いは組織、若しくは非ヒト器官をスクリーニングするために化合物と接触する工程と、
−前記化合物は前記1若しくはそれ以上の二本鎖オリゴリボヌクレオチド(dsRNA)分子に拮抗する若しくは作用するかどうかを決定する工程とを有している。
dsRNA分子の設計に対して、2つのヌクレオチドの長さで対称的な3’オーバーハングを有する21ヌクレオチド(nt)長のセンス鎖及びアンチセンス鎖を得るために、タイプAA(N19)TT(Nはあらゆるヌクレオチドを表す)の配列は標的mRNAの配列から選択された。3’オーバーハングにおいて、2’デオキシチミジンはウリジンの代わりに用いられた。前記dsRNA分子が独占的に標的遺伝子に対応していることを確実にするために、選択されたdsRNA配列はBLAST解析でマウスゲノムに対してテストされる。前記21−ntRNA分子は化学的に合成され精製される。二本鎖形成のために、100μgの各センス及びアンチセンスオリゴリボヌクレオチドは10mMTris/HCl、20mMNaCl(pH7.0)に混合され95℃に加熱され、18時間室温で冷却される。前記dsRNA分子はエタノール沈殿され、無菌バッファー(100mMカリウムアセテート、30mM HEPES−KOH、2mMマグネシウムアセテート、pH7.4)に再懸濁される。前記dsRNAの整合性及び二本鎖特性はゲル電気泳動で確認される。代わりに前記dsRNA分子は市販供給業者から購入される。前記標的遺伝子の配列及び対応するdsRNA分子は以下の通りである:
全身的適用のために、動物は固定され、前記dsRNAが尾静脈中に静脈注射され(最大注射量:0.1ml)、鎮痛若しくは麻酔は静脈注射自体より動物にストレスを与えるので控える。眼球後注射(最大注射量:0.005ml)のために、動物は短期間イソフルラン吸入麻酔を施され、鎮痛目的にメタミゾール(Metamizole)ナトリウムが供給される。前記動物は次に彼らの慣れた動物ケージ周囲に保持された。In vivo診断の完了後(各動物実験の完了は実施例1〜5にそれぞれ記載されている)、前記動物はCO2吸入により屠殺され、眼球除去され、この眼は組織学的(免疫組織学的)に研究される。
除去後、前記眼は4%ホルマリン/PBS溶液で24時間固定される、標準的な方法を用いて、固定されたサンプルは連続的に濃度が増加していくアルコール中でその後脱水され、パラフィン中に包埋される。ミクロトーム下で標準5〜12μmの連続切片を作成し、温水浴中で伸ばされ、ポリリジンコートカバースリップへ移される。前記切片は次にインキュベーター中で2時間、52℃で乾燥される。この乾燥切片はキシレン中で脱パラフィン化され、連続的に濃度が減少していくアルコール中に移され、その後Tris/HCl(pH7.4)に移される。ブロッキング後、前記切片は一次抗eGFP抗血清(ポリクローナルヤギ抗eGFP抗血清、Santa Cruz No.sc−5384)で2時間インキュベートされる。Cy2共役ウサギ抗ヤギIgG(Dianova,No.305−225−045)によって免疫蛍光染色の手法によって検出される。前記サンプルは包埋され、次にEclipse TE−2000−S光学顕微鏡(Nikon)での顕微鏡観察のためにのせられ、20X及び40X/1.3対物レンズが装備される。脱パラフィン化、未処理切片中の自発的eGFP特異的蛍光は蛍光顕微鏡を用いて解析される。
実験手順1:全身的siRNA適用。転写後遺伝子サイレンシングに対する最適dsRNA濃度の決定。
Claims (26)
- 対象の眼の細胞及び/若しくは組織中におけるAMD標的遺伝子の発現を特異的に調節する組成物を準備するための1若しくはそれ以上の二本鎖オリゴリボヌクレオチド(dsRNA)の使用であって、
前記組成物は血液網膜関門の外側で適用されるように設計されるものであり、前記組成物は、眼球後注入または全身適用によって非経口的に投与されるものであり、前記dsRNA分子は、長さが21〜23ヌクレオチドである、使用。 - 請求項1の使用において、
前記使用はテスト細胞、テスト組織、若しくはテスト非ヒト生物を結果として提供するものであり、それらは好ましくはRNA干渉によって1若しくはそれ以上の標的遺伝子の対応するmRNAの分解が可能である条件下で維持され得るものである、使用。 - 請求項2の使用であって、遺伝子の機能の同定若しくは確認に関してさらに、
前記テスト細胞、テスト組織、若しくはテスト生物に結果として生じる表現型と適切な対照の表現型とを比較する工程とを有し、
これにより前記遺伝子の機能に基づく情報を得るものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか1つの使用において、
発現の前記特異的調節はAMD標的遺伝子発現の阻害である、使用。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記細胞及び/若しくは組織は、眼の細胞及び/若しくは組織である、使用。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記細胞若しくは組織は、眼球の内部部分の細胞若しくは組織である、使用。 - 請求項6の使用において、
前記細胞は網膜細胞である、使用。 - 請求項7の使用において、
前記細胞は、網膜色素上皮(RPE)の細胞若しくは感覚神経網膜細胞である、使用。 - 請求項1〜8のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNA分子は、末端3’ヒドロキシル基を含むものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜9のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNA分子は、化学的に合成されたものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜10のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNA分子は、天然由来RNAの類似体を示すものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜11のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNA類似体は対応する天然由来RNAとは、1若しくはそれ以上のヌクレオチドの付加、欠損、置換、若しくは修飾によって異なるものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜12のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNA分子は転写後サイレンシングによって、対応する標的遺伝子を阻害するものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜13のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNA分子は、ベクターによってコードされるものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜11のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNAの発現は、細胞及び組織特異的プロモーターの制御下にあるものである、使用。 - 請求項1〜11のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記dsRNAは前記細胞若しくは組織へ、他の分子と結合して及び/若しくは1若しくはそれ以上の適切な担体と組み合わされて導入されるものである、使用。 - 請求項16の使用において、
前記担体はミセル構造であり、リポソーム、サイトメガロウイルス(CMV)などのウイルスから由来した或いは合成的に生産されたコートタンパク質、アデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)若しくはアデノウイルスから成る群から選択されるものである、使用。 - 請求項16または17の使用において、
前記dsRNAは陽イオンポルフィリン、陽イオンポリアミン、重合性DNA結合陽イオン、若しくは膜融合性ペプチドに結合されるものである、使用。 - 請求項16〜18のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記担体及び/若しくは前記dsRNA結合分子は、前記dsRNA分子が前記標的細胞若しくは標的組織へ、適用後決められた期間以上で持続的に運搬されるように選択されたものである、使用。 - 請求項16〜19のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記担体は請求項5〜8のいずれか1つで定義されたような前記細胞及び/若しくは組織に特異的である、使用。 - 請求項1〜20のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記組成物は眼球の外側に眼球後或いは全身適用によって適用される形態である、使用。 - 請求項1〜20のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記対象物若しくは生物は脊椎動物である、使用。 - 請求項1〜20のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記対象物若しくは生物は哺乳動物である、使用。 - 請求項2〜21のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記細胞及び/若しくは組織は脊椎動物由来のものである、使用。 - 請求項2〜21、若しくは24のいずれか1つの使用において、
前記細胞及び/若しくは組織は、哺乳類由来のものである、使用。 - 請求項25の使用において、
前記細胞及び/若しくは組織はヒト由来のものである、使用。
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EP1495120A2 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
WO2003087368A2 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
HK1072074A1 (en) | 2005-08-12 |
CA2482903A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
AU2009200699A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
WO2003087367A3 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
MXPA04010283A (es) | 2005-08-18 |
JP2005538940A (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
AU2003224087B2 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
EP1495121A2 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
JP2006500910A (ja) | 2006-01-12 |
US20050222061A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
WO2003087367A2 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
US20120277288A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
AU2003222820A1 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
US20060003915A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
US20150105448A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
US8202845B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 |
CA2482904A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
AU2003224087A1 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
US8946180B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
US20110021605A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
WO2003087368A3 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
MXPA04010282A (es) | 2005-08-18 |
EP1495120B1 (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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