JP5066325B2 - 脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法 - Google Patents
脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 51
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 diglycerides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008162 cooking oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
[参考例1]
[参考例2]
[参考例3]
[参考例4]
[実施例1]
参考例1と同じ要領で脂肪酸アルキルエステルを得た。但し、第1精製処理工程の塩基性アルミナカラム処理を省いた。
参考例2と同じ要領で脂肪酸アルキルエステルを得た。但し、第1精製処理工程の塩基性アルミナカラム処理を省いた。
参考例3と同じ要領で脂肪酸アルキルエステルを得た。但し、第1精製処理工程の塩基性アルミナカラム処理を省いた。
参考例4と同じ要領で脂肪酸アルキルエステルを得た。但し、第1精製処理工程の塩基性アルミナカラム処理を省いた。
実施例1と同じ要領で脂肪酸アルキルエステルを得た。但し、第1精製処理工程の塩基性アルミナカラム処理を省いた。
先述の実施例1、比較例1、参考例1〜8で得られた脂肪酸アルキルエステルをサンプルとして、収率、純度及び酸価を測定した。
Claims (7)
- 水分または臭気物質を含む原料油の前処理工程と、原料油中の遊離脂肪酸とアルコールとのエステル化反応により反応生成物を得る工程と、前記反応生成物を精製する工程と、を備えた脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法であって、
前処理工程が100mmHg未満の減圧下において90〜100℃に加熱された原料油中の水分含有率が0.05%以下、臭気物質含有率が0.01%以下となるように脱水、脱臭し、
前記アルコールがメチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、プロピルアルコールまたはイソプロピルアルコールであり、
前記エステル化反応が亜臨界状態若しくは超臨界状態のアルコールでなされるか、または固定触媒下でなされ、
前記精製工程が、前記反応性生成物を塩基性吸着剤に接触させ、前記反応生成物から未反応遊離脂肪酸を除去することを特徴とするバイオディーゼル燃料用脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法。 - 前記精製工程が、第一精製処理工程と第二精製処理工程よりなり、
前記第一精製処理工程が、前記反応性生成物を塩基性吸着剤に接触させ、前記反応生成物から未反応遊離脂肪酸を除去し、
前記第二精製処理工程が、更なる精製をこの順序で行なう、
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のバイオディーゼル燃料用脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法。 - 前記第二精製処理工程が色素分を除去するための活性白土カラム処理、固形分・グリセリンを除去するための遠心分離処理またはアルコールや水分を除去するための減圧留去処理を行なうことを特徴とする請求項2記載のバイオディーゼル燃料用脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法。
- 前記第二精製処理工程が色素分を除去するための活性白土カラム処理、固形分・グリセリンを除去するための遠心分離処理、アルコールや水分を除去するための減圧留去処理の全てを行なうことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のバイオディーゼル燃料用脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法。
- 前記塩基性吸着剤の使用量は、前記反応生成物の量に対して1〜5重量%である請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載のバイオディーゼル燃料用脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法。
- 前記塩基性吸着剤が、塩基性アルミナである請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のバイオディーゼル燃料用脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法。
- 前記塩基性吸着剤を含有する原料油とアルコールとのエステル化反応により反応生成物を得る工程と、前記反応生成物を精製する工程とが連続的に行なわれる請求項1ないし請求項6のいずれか一項記載のバイオディーゼル燃料用脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法。
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JP2007224121A (ja) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-09-06 | Asahi Kasei Corp | ディーゼルエンジン用燃料の製造方法 |
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JP4411370B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-06 | 2010-02-10 | 株式会社Cdmコンサルティング | 油脂類から脂肪酸のアルキルエステルを製造する方法 |
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