JP5060952B2 - 高分子組成物、その使用、及びその生産方法 - Google Patents
高分子組成物、その使用、及びその生産方法 Download PDFInfo
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- SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N norbornadiene Chemical compound C1=CC2C=CC1C2 SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002848 norbornenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002742 polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene/propylene) -block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSCl FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003046 tetrablock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006344 thermoplastic copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009756 wet lay-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
プロピレン誘導単位を含む第一成分のポリマー(PPU)は、非結晶領域により中断された結晶領域を持つ。非結晶領域は結晶化されないポリプロピレン部分の領域及び/又はコモノマー単位を含むことより生ずることもある。PPUの結晶化度及び融点は高度アイソタクチック ポリプロピレンに比べて、プロピレンの挿入での誤り及び/又はコモノマーの存在により低減する。
mm 部分= PPP(mm)/(PPP(mm) + PPP(mr) + PPP(rr))
ここで、PPP(mm), PPP(mr)及びPPP(rr)は頭・尾結合からなる次の3つのプロピレン単位鎖の第二単位のメチル基に由来するピークエリアを表わす。
1,4ヘキサジエン(1,4-hexadiene)及び 1,6オクタジエン(1,6-octadiene)の様な直鎖非環式オレフィン(straight chain acyclic olefins),;
5-メチル-1,4-ヘキサジエン(5-methyl-1,4-hexadiene)、3,7-ジメチル-1,6-オクタジエン(3,7-dimethyl-l,6-octadiene)、及び3,7-ジメチル-1,7-オクタジエン (3,7-dimethyl-l,7-octadiene)の様な枝分かれ鎖非環式オレフィン(branched chain acyclic olefins);1,4-シクロヘキサジエン(1,4-cyclohexadiene)、1,5-シクロオクタジエン(1,5-cyclooctadiene)、及び1,7-シクロドデカジエン (1,7-cyclododecadiene)の様な単環脂環式オレフィン (single ring alicyclic olefins);テトラヒドロインデン(tetrahydroindene)、ノルボルマジエン(norbomadiene)、メチル−テトラヒドロインデン(methyl-tetrahydroindene)、ジシクロペンタジエン(dicyclopentadiene)、ビシクロ-(2,2,1)-ヘプタ-2,5-ジエン(bicyclo-(2.2.1)-hepta-2,5-diene)、アルケニル ノルボルネン(alkenyl norbornenes)、アルキリデン ノルボルネン(alkylidene norbornenes)、シクロアルケニル ノルボルネン(cycloalkenyl norbornenes)、及び シクロアルキリエンノルボルネン(cylcoalkyliene norbornenes) (例えば、5-メチレン-2-ノルボルネン(5-methylene-2-norbornene)、5-エチリデン-2-ノルボルネン(5-ethylidene-2-norbornene)、5-プロペニル-2-ノルボルネン(5-propenyl-2-norbornene)、5-イソプロピリデン-2-ノルボルネン(5- isopropylidene-2-norbornene)、5-(4-シクロペンタニル)-2-ノルボルネン(5-(4-cyclopentenyl)-2-norbornene)、5-シクロヘキシリデン-2-ノルボルネン(5- cyclohexylidene-2-norbornene)、及び5-ビニル-2-ノルボルネン(5-vinyl-2-norbornene)の様な 多環脂環式溶融及び架橋環式オレフィン(multi-ring alicyclic fused and bridged ring olefins); 及び
ビニルシクロへキセン(vinyl cyclohexene)、アリール シクロへキセン(allyl cyclohexene)、ビニル シクロへキセン(vinyl cyclooctene)、4-ビニル シクロへキセン(4-vinyl cyclohexene)、アリール シクロデセン(allyl cyclodecene)、ビニル シクロドデセン(vinyl cyclododecene)、ジビニル ベンゼン(divinyl benzene)、及びテトラシクロ(A-11,12)-5,8-ドデセン (tetracyclo (A-11,12)-5,8-dodecene)、の様なシクロアルケニル置換アルケン(cycloalkenyl- substituted alkenes)である。
広い範囲の種類のスチレン ブロック コポリマー(SBC)が、本明細書に記載の高分子組成物を作るための第二の成分として有用である。直線ブロックコポリマー、A-Bジブロック コポリマー, A-B-A トリブロック コポリマー, A-B-A-B テトラブロック コポリマー, A-B-A-B-A ペンタブロック コポリマー等である。
上に述べた様に、本明細書に記載の高分子組成物は、上記のPPU及びSBC成分に加えてポリマー成分及び追加成分を含んでいても良い。以下典型的な追加成分に関して述べる。
幾つかの実施の形態においては、本明細書に記載の高分子組成物は、第3のポリマー成分(Third Polymer Component (TPC))と呼ばれることになるプロピレン誘導単位を含む第2のポリマーを含んでも良い。TPCは、幾つかの実施の形態においてはアイソタクチック プロピレンタイプの結晶化度を持つこともあるが、プロピレン ホモポリマー、プロピレン コポリマー、及び、通常反応器コポリマー又は衝撃コポリマーと呼ばれるタイプの混合物を含む これらの混合物から選択されることもある。TPCがプロピレン コポリマーを含む実施の形態においては、プロピレン コポリマーはグラフト コポリマー(graft copolymer)、ブロック コポリマー(block copolymer)、反応器で生成されたポリプロピレン エチレン−プロピレン コポリマー ブレンド又は、ランダムコポリマーであることもある。
本明細書に記載の高分子組成物のある実施の形態は、ポリマー成分(FPC)を含む。
ある実施の形態においては、PPUの弾性能力特性(elastomeric performance properties)はPPU、及び/又は本明細書に記載の高分子組成物の他の重合成分を交差結合することにより、さまざまなレベルに向上させることもできる。他の実施の形態においては、PPUは都合よく加工することが出来るさまざまなレベルまで交差結合される。ある実施の形態においては、上で述べた様なPPUは、種々の成形及び加工の選択肢のある中で、交差結合を容易にし、及び最適な最終使用効果を上げるためにポリエンを含むこともある。交差結合反応を誘発するために照射を用いる様な他の実施の形態においては、PPU中にジエンを存在させることは任意選択事項である。
本明細書に記載の高分子組成物は上記のポリマー成分に加えて一以上の追加成分を含むこともある。種々の添加物が、ある特性を向上させるために存在し、又は個々の成分を処理した結果として存在することもある。含まれる添加物として、これに限定されるものではないが、防火剤、抗酸化剤、可塑剤、ピグメント、加硫又は硬化剤、加硫又は硬化促進剤、硬化遅延剤、加工助剤、難燃剤、粘着性向上樹脂、流動性向上剤等を含む。ブロッキング防止剤、着色剤、潤滑剤、離型剤、核形成剤、強化剤、充填剤(粒状の、繊維状の又は粉末状のものを含む)もまた用いられることもある。核形成剤及び充填剤は製品の剛性を増すこともある。本明細書に記載のこれらのリストは、本発明に用いられる全てのタイプの添加物を含むものではない。
本明細書に記載の組成は高分子成分の均一な混合物を提供するするどの様な手順によっても作ることが出来る。通常、このプロセスの第一段階は高分子成分とプロセスオイル、充填剤、着色剤、抗酸化剤、成核剤(nucleator)、及び流動性向上剤の様な任意の添加物を、これらに限定されるものではないが、次の様な機器を用いて混合する、すなわち成分をメルトプレス(melt pressing)するカーバープレス(Carver press)、成分の溶液又はメルトブレンドするためのバンバリーミキサー(Banbury mixer)又は、ブラベンダーミキサー(Brabender mixer)の様な密閉式ミキサー(internal mixer)、及び成分を均質に接触させるために、拡散する様にデザインされたその他の機械及びプロセスのみならず、1軸、及び2軸押出機(twin screw extruders)、静的ミキサー(static mixers)、衝突ミキサー (impingement mixers)を含む連続混合工程に用いられる設備である。高分子成分の完全な混合物はその組成物の形態の均一性により示され、そのための手順は良く知られている。
既に検討した様に、本明細書に記載の高分子組成物は加工性と性能属性の独特な組み合わせを持つことにより、広範囲の種類の製品を生み出す種々の異なるタイプの材料を作り出すのに有用である。本明細書に記載の高分子組成物を用いて作り出すことのできる材料には、フィルム、繊維、織布及び不織布、シート、成形品、押出し品、及び熱成形品がある。以下に本明細書に記載の高分子組成物からこれらの材料の幾つかが形成される方法について記載する。
ある実施の形態においては、高分子組成物は繊維を生産するのに用いても良い。高分子組成物から繊維を作る方法は良く知られている。本発明の繊維は望ましい軟らかさと弾力性を持っており、例えば、連続フィラメント糸(continuous filament yarn), バルク連続フィラメント糸(bulked continuous filament yarn),スフ糸 (staple fibers), 溶融インフレート 繊維 (melt blown fibers), 及び スパン バウンド繊維(spunbound fibers) の様な種々の用途に用いても良い。この実施の形態における特徴としては、本明細書に記載の組成物を含む繊維は、以下のような優位な点、すなわち、紡糸口金を通して押出された繊維は容易に紡ぐことができ、そして続けて所望のデニールに引くことが出来る。
で運転されることもある。もし、補充的な冷却がされない場合は、繊維は巻き取りローラで周囲温度にまで冷やされる。
上記の可塑性ポリオレフィン組成物はまた、これに限定されるものではないが、
射出成形(injection molding)、 ガス支援成形(gas-assisted injection molding)、押出しブロー成形(extrusion blow molding)、射出ブロー成形(injection blow molding), 射出ストレッチブロー成形(injection stretch blow molding), 圧縮成形(compression molding), 回転成形(rotational molding), 発泡成形(foam molding), 熱成形(thermoforming), シート押出し(sheet extrusion)及び, 異形押出し(profile extrusion)を含み、どの様な成形プロセスによって成形品を生産するために用いることもできる。これらの成形プロセスは当業者に良く知られている。
取り出す前の部品の温度は90℃から100℃である。熱形成において良い挙動を得るためには最小のメルト フローレートを持つポリマーであることが望ましい。加工されたラミネートはその後余分なラミネート材料が取除かれる。
本明細書に記載の高分子組成物は又フィルムの生産に有用である。高分子組成物のフィルムを作る方法には、これに限定されるものではないが、従来の管状押し出し(tubular extrusion)又はブロー バブル プロセス(blown bubble process)及び注形押出し(cast extrusion)を含み、当業者に良く知られているものを含む。押出し温度、金型温度及び冷却されたロールの温度は使用される組成物によるが、一般的に本明細書に記載の組成物の場合は以下の範囲である:溶融温度、170℃から250℃;金型温度、170℃から250℃;及び冷却されたロール温度、10℃か65℃である。フィルムを作るプロセスは、又エンボス加工ロールがフィルムを冷却し成形することを含む。
以下のテスト方法及び手順は以下に述べる種々の高分子組成物の実験的評価を行う場合に用いられた。
本明細書に記載のポリマーの融解熱は以下の様に測定された。約200℃から230℃で加圧された約6から約10mgのシート状のポリマーがパンチ金型で取り除かれ、室温で24−48時間アニールされる。この期間の最後に、サンプルが示差走査熱量計(Differential Scanning Calorimeter (Perkin Elmer Pyris Analysis System))におかれ、約−50から約−70℃に冷却される。サンプルは約180から約200℃の最終温度にするために約20℃/分で加熱される。熱出力がサンプルの溶融ピークにある領域として記録され、溶融ピークは通常約30から約175℃での最大ピークであり、そして約0から約200℃の間で起きる。熱出力は融解熱の測定単位としてジュールにより計測される。
残留伸び= 100*(L2-L1)/L1
で与えられる。
* * 200℃、5kg荷重で測定
§ 200℃、10kg荷重で測定。0.1564金型
+同時係属の米国特許出願10/474,594を参照
表4に報告されたデータから、高分子組成物の多くの物理的特性が、成分中に従来のポリプロピレン成分を含むことにより影響を受けることが分かる。例えば、従来のポリプロピレンが加えられると、密度、硬度、曲げ弾性率、100%モジュラス、引張り強度及びビカー軟化点が増大する。
表5に報告されたデータは、ポリマー成分濃度が異なる場合に、残留伸びの測定により決められる高分子組成物の弾力性は、他の物理的特性の広い範囲に亘って維持することができることを示す。これはPPUと従来のポリプロピレンとのブレンドでは不可能であることは注目されるべきである。この効果は特に、高分子組成物の成分の変化によりビカー軟化点が変わっても、残留伸びは比較的変わらない実施例21及び22を比較することにより特に明確になる。同様に、実施例18及び20を比較した場合、実施例20においては100%モジュラスは極めて高いにも関わらず、弾性特性は基本的に維持されていることが示されている。
Claims (8)
- 高分子組成物であって、
(i) 70から95重量%のプロピレン誘導単位及び5.0から30.0重量%のエチレン誘導単位を含み、及び65%から98%のアイソタクチック三つ組部分(isotactic triad fraction)、0.5から200のメルトフローレート(MFR)(ASTM D1238による)を持つポリマーを当該高分子組成物の20から80重量%含み、;
(ii) 0.1から150 のMFR(ASTM D-1238による)を持ち、及び5から95重量%のスチレン含有量を持つスチレンブロックコポリマーを当該高分子組成物の残部として含み、当該スチレンブロックコポリマーは、スチレン誘導単位、並びにエチレン誘導単位、ブタジエン誘導単位、イソプレン誘導単位 からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの他の誘導単位よりなるトリブロック部分(triblock segment)よりなり、かつ、20重量%より少ないジブロック部分(diblock segment)よりなるものであり、
また、当該高分子組成物は 0.1から40 のMFR (ASTM D-1238による)を持ち、ブレンドのサンプルにおいてASTM D-412により測定される、23℃において、200%の伸びから10%以下の伸びに戻る残留伸びを持ち、当該残留伸びは次の式:
残留伸び= 100*(L2-L1)/L1
で与えられ、式中L2は、サンプルの伸長後、荷重が零に対応するグッリプの間の距離、L1は変形ゾーン(deformation zone)のグリップの間の最初の距離である、
高分子組成物。 - プロピレン誘導単位を含むポリマーが75から95重量%のプロピレン誘導単位及び5から25重量%のエチレン誘導単位を含む請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも40℃及び120℃より低いビガー軟化点(ASTM D-1525による)を持つ請求項1乃至2のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1のプロピレン誘導単位を含む前記ポリマーが、プロピレン誘導単位及びエチレン誘導単位の合計重量に基づき、0.3重量%から3重量%までの範囲の量のポリエン誘導単位を追加的に含み、前記ポリエン誘導単位は5-エチリデン-2-ノルボルネン(5-ethylidene-2-norbornene)及び/又は5-ビニル-2-ノルボルネン(5-vinyl-2-norbornene)から誘導されたものである、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- その後に任意選択的に交差結合させることを含む、高分子組成物を形成するためにプロピレン誘導単位を含むポリマー及びスチレンブロックコポリマーを溶融ブレンドとすることを含む、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の高分子組成物を生産するプロセス。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項記載の組成物を含むフィルム。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の高分子組成物を含む繊維。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の高分子組成物を含む衣料品、成形品よりなる群から選択されるいずれかの商品。
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-
2005
- 2005-07-20 JP JP2007525625A patent/JP5060952B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-20 CN CN2005800308581A patent/CN101432356B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-20 CA CA 2577290 patent/CA2577290C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-20 SG SG200905403-2A patent/SG155215A1/en unknown
- 2005-07-20 US US11/632,741 patent/US8071681B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-20 EP EP20050780111 patent/EP1778781A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-07-20 WO PCT/US2005/025682 patent/WO2006020309A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2006020309A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
US8071681B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
CN101432356B (zh) | 2011-09-28 |
US20070240605A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
CA2577290A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
JP2008510031A (ja) | 2008-04-03 |
CN101432356A (zh) | 2009-05-13 |
EP1778781A1 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
CA2577290C (en) | 2011-03-08 |
SG155215A1 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
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