JP5048339B2 - フィッシャー・トロプシュ触媒 - Google Patents
フィッシャー・トロプシュ触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5048339B2 JP5048339B2 JP2006550300A JP2006550300A JP5048339B2 JP 5048339 B2 JP5048339 B2 JP 5048339B2 JP 2006550300 A JP2006550300 A JP 2006550300A JP 2006550300 A JP2006550300 A JP 2006550300A JP 5048339 B2 JP5048339 B2 JP 5048339B2
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- Prior art keywords
- cobalt
- support material
- catalyst
- alumina
- alumina support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
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- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
試験前の1つの重要な工程は、酸化コバルトの金属コバルトへの還元を伴う触媒の活性化である。この還元は、適当な還元性ガスを触媒粒子のまわりに流すことにより行うことができる。水素又は一酸化炭素又はそれらの混合物が特に好適である。還元性ガスは、窒素、希ガス又は水蒸気などの不活性物質と混合することができ、適当な温度及び圧力を適用すべきである。活性化に流動床反応器を使用する場合、適当なガス流を達成するために、還元性ガス(の一部)の再循環と僅かに大気圧を超過した総圧とを使用することが都合がよいかも知れない。また、高い総圧,例えば、8バールまで又はそれよりも高い或いはフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応器の圧力,を使用することができる。還元温度の選択は、実際の触媒調合物、特には助触媒の存在及び性質に強く依存する。Reが都合よく低められた温度で高い還元性を達成することにおいて非常に有効な助触媒であることはよく知られている。
Claims (36)
- フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応用のアルミナ担持触媒を製造する方法であって、
初期アルミナ担体材料にアルミナとスピネル化合物を形成可能な2価金属のソースを含浸させる第1含浸工程と、
含浸した前記アルミナ担体材料を少なくとも550℃の温度でか焼して改質アルミナ担体材料を生成する第1か焼工程と、
前記改質アルミナ担体材料に触媒作用的に活性な金属のソースを含浸させる第2含浸工程と、
含浸した前記改質担体材料を少なくとも150℃の温度でか焼する第2か焼工程とを含み、
前記2価金属のソースはコバルト、亜鉛、マグネシウム、マンガン、ニッケル又は鉄のソースを具備し、
前記触媒作用的に活性な金属のソースはコバルトのソースを具備した方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、前記初期アルミナ担体材料はガンマ−アルミナを少なくとも支配的に具備している方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の方法であって、含浸した前記改質担体材料を600℃までの温度でか焼する方法。
- 請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、含浸及びか焼した前記改質担体は窒素を用いたBETにより測定した細孔容積を有しており、その細孔容積の少なくとも半分は30nmより大きい直径を有する細孔によって構成されている方法。
- 請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記初期アルミナ担体材料は100乃至300m2/gの範囲内にある比表面積を有している方法。
- 請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記初期アルミナ担体材料は粒径範囲を有している本質的に球形の粒子を具備し、その少なくとも80体積%が25乃至150μmの範囲内にある方法。
- 請求項1乃至6の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記初期アルミナ担体材料は0.2cm3/gよりも大きな細孔容積を有している方法。
- 請求項1乃至7の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記初期アルミナ担体材料は0.4cm3/gよりも大きな細孔容積を有している方法。
- 請求項1乃至8の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記第1か焼工程を800乃至1200℃の範囲内の温度で行う方法。
- 請求項1乃至9の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記第1か焼工程を900乃至1200℃の範囲内の温度で行う方法。
- 請求項1乃至10の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記改質アルミナ担体は40m2/g未満の表面積を有している方法。
- 請求項1乃至11の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記改質アルミナ担体は5時間の試験によって生じる微粉が20重量%未満のASTM粉化値を有している方法。
- 請求項1乃至12の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記改質アルミナ担体は5時間の試験によって生じる微粉が8重量%未満のASTM粉化値を有している方法。
- 請求項1乃至13の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記改質アルミナ担体は少なくとも10重量%のアルファ−アルミナを具備している方法。
- 請求項1乃至14の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記2価金属のソースはコバルトのソースを具備していない方法。
- 請求項1乃至15の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記2価金属のソースはニッケルを具備した方法。
- 請求項1乃至16の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記2価金属のソースはニッケルを最終生成物としての還元された触媒の20重量%未満の量で具備した方法。
- 請求項1乃至17の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記2価金属のソースはニッケルを最終生成物としての還元された触媒の8重量%未満の量で具備した方法。
- 請求項1乃至18の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記アルミナ担体材料に助触媒を含浸させるか又は共含浸させることをさらに含んだ方法。
- 請求項19に記載の方法であって、前記助触媒は白金又はレニウムを具備した方法。
- 請求項20に記載の方法であって、前記助触媒はレニウムであり、前記レニウムのソースは過レニウム酸(HReO4)、過レニウム酸アンモニウム、ハロゲン化レニウム及びレニウムカルボニルから選択される方法。
- 請求項1乃至21の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、安定化剤を前記アルミナ担体材料中に混和させる方法。
- 請求項22に記載の方法であって、前記安定化剤はランタンを具備した方法。
- 請求項1乃至23の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記第1含浸工程は、前記2価金属の化合物の水溶液を乾燥させた前記担体材料とその細孔が充填されるまで混合し、次いで、前記第1か焼工程に先立って、含浸した前記担体を乾燥させるインシピエント・ウェットネス処理を含んだ方法。
- 請求項1乃至24の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記コバルトのソースは硝酸コバルト(Co(NO3)2)、酢酸コバルト、ハロゲン化コバルト、コバルトカルボニル、シュウ酸コバルト、燐酸コバルト、炭酸コバルト、ヘキサアンミンコバルト塩及び有機コバルト化合物から選択される方法。
- 請求項1乃至25の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記第2含浸工程は、コバルト化合物と任意のレニウム化合物との水溶液を前記改質担体材料とその細孔が充填されるまで混合し、次に、前記第2か焼工程に先立って、含浸した前記改質担体材料を乾燥させるインシピエント・ウェットネス処理を含んだ方法。
- 請求項24乃至26の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記含浸で使用する水溶液の量は、触媒担体の実測細孔容積よりも0.05−2倍大きい方法。
- 請求項24乃至27の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、乾燥を80乃至120℃で行う方法。
- 請求項1乃至28の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記第2か焼工程の後に、アルミナ担持触媒材料を活性化する方法。
- 請求項29に記載の方法であって、前記活性化工程は、存在している前記触媒作用的に活性な金属の化合物の実質的部分を前記金属へと還元することを含んだ方法。
- 請求項30に記載の方法であって、前記還元は前記触媒材料を還元性ガスで処理することにより行う方法。
- 請求項31に記載の方法であって、前記還元性ガスは任意に不活性ガスと混合される水素及び/又は一酸化炭素である方法。
- 請求項30乃至32の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、前記還元は250乃至500℃の活性化温度で行う方法。
- 請求項33に記載の方法であって、前記活性化温度は300乃至450℃の範囲内にある方法。
- 請求項1乃至34の何れか1項に記載の方法であって、含浸の前において、前記アルミナ担体は5時間の試験によって生じる微粉が30重量%未満のASTM粉化値を有している方法。
- 請求項35に記載の方法であって、前記ASTM値は20%未満である方法。
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2004
- 2004-01-28 GB GB0401829A patent/GB2410449B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2005
- 2005-01-27 EP EP05702039.8A patent/EP1708810B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-01-27 US US10/587,825 patent/US20070161714A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-01-27 JP JP2006550300A patent/JP5048339B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-27 WO PCT/GB2005/000287 patent/WO2005072866A1/en active Application Filing
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2009
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GB2410449A (en) | 2005-08-03 |
US20070161714A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
US8952076B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
JP2007520336A (ja) | 2007-07-26 |
US20100099780A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
JP2012183536A (ja) | 2012-09-27 |
GB2410449B (en) | 2008-05-21 |
GB0401829D0 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
WO2005072866A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
EP1708810B1 (en) | 2020-08-05 |
EP1708810A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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