JP5030478B2 - 多孔質膜の前駆体組成物及びその調製方法、多孔質膜及びその作製方法、並びに半導体装置 - Google Patents
多孔質膜の前駆体組成物及びその調製方法、多孔質膜及びその作製方法、並びに半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5030478B2 JP5030478B2 JP2006154846A JP2006154846A JP5030478B2 JP 5030478 B2 JP5030478 B2 JP 5030478B2 JP 2006154846 A JP2006154846 A JP 2006154846A JP 2006154846 A JP2006154846 A JP 2006154846A JP 5030478 B2 JP5030478 B2 JP 5030478B2
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- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JXOHGGNKMLTUBP-HSUXUTPPSA-N shikimic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O JXOHGGNKMLTUBP-HSUXUTPPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXOHGGNKMLTUBP-JKUQZMGJSA-N shikimic acid Natural products O[C@@H]1CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O JXOHGGNKMLTUBP-JKUQZMGJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000391 spectroscopic ellipsometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004274 stearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- REWDXIKKFOQRID-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylsilane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC REWDXIKKFOQRID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRGJIIMZXMWMCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)O BRGJIIMZXMWMCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RSNQKPMXXVDJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] RSNQKPMXXVDJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBSUMMHIJNZMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(2-phenylethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 VBSUMMHIJNZMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVYIJOWQJOQFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(fluoro)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](F)(OCC)OCC XVYIJOWQJOQFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKLYMYLJOXIVFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxymethylsilane Chemical compound CCOC([SiH3])(OCC)OCC NKLYMYLJOXIVFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBMUZYGBAGFCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-phenylethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 UBMUZYGBAGFCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQLLQQWSNWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxymethylsilane Chemical compound COC([SiH3])(OC)OC TUQLLQQWSNWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMUJIPOFTAHSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)O XMUJIPOFTAHSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
Mechanical Polishing)やワイヤボンディングプロセス等で、(1)機械的強度の低下による多孔質膜の破壊、(2)水分吸湿による比誘電率の上昇、(3)密着性低下による積層膜/多孔質絶縁膜間の剥離発生等の問題が発生しており、実用上の大きな障害となっている。
で示される化合物(A)、及び次の一般式(2):
Ra(Si)(OR2)4−a (2)
で示される化合物(B)
(上記式(1)及び(2)中、R1は1価の有機基を表し、Rは水素原子、フッ素原子又は1価の有機基を表し、R2は1価の有機基を表し、aは1〜3の整数であり、R、R1及びR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。)から選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物と、250℃以上で熱分解する熱分解性有機化合物(C)と、電気陰性度が2.5以下である両性元素、イオン半径が1.6Å以上の元素及び原子量が130以上である元素から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素(D)とを含有し、さらに90℃〜200℃の温度範囲内で熱分解し、そしてこの熱分解によりアミン類を発生する化合物であって、この熱分解温度以下では、この化合物の水溶液および/または水とアルコールの混合溶液のpHが6.5〜8の範囲内に入る化合物(E)を含有していることを特徴とする。
of Applied Physics、第56巻、2218頁)、また、原子量が130以上である元素については、原子量133のCsは界面にパイルアップしてそれ以上拡散しないことが知られている(Applied
Physics Letters、第50巻、1200頁)。従って、本発明におけるイオン半径及び原子量の範囲のいずれかを満たせば、SiO2膜中を元素(D)は移動せず、あるいは膜外に拡散しない。
(式中、R1、R2、R3、R4は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれH、C6H5、CaH2a+1を示し、aは1〜3の整数である)で表されるウレア化合物の少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。具体的には、尿素、メチルウレア、1,1−ジメチルウレア、1,3−ジメチルウレア、エチルウレア等が挙げられる。これらの中でも特に尿素が好ましい。
また、ウレタン結合を含有する化合物としては、一般式(4)
(式中、R1、R2、R3は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれH、C6H5、CaH2a+1を示し、aは1〜3の整数である)で表されるウレタン化合物の少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。具体的には、メチルカーバメート、エチルカーバメート等が挙げられる。
また、アミド結合を含有する化合物としては、一般式(5)
(式中、R1、R2、R3は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれH、C6H5、CaH2a+1を示し、aは1〜3の整数である)で表されるアミド化合物の少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。具体的には、アセトアミド、N−メチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド等が挙げられる。
Si(OR1)4 (1)
で示される化合物(A)、及び次の一般式(2):
で示される化合物(B)
(上記式(1)及び(2)中、R1は1価の有機基を表し、Rは水素原子、フッ素原子又は1価の有機基を表し、R2は1価の有機基を表し、aは1〜3の整数であり、R、R1及びR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。)から選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物と、250℃以上で熱分解を示す熱分解性有機化合物(C)と、電気陰性度が2.5以下である両性元素、イオン半径が1.6Å以上の元素及び原子量が130以上である元素から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素(D)又はこの元素(D)を含む少なくとも1種の化合物とを有機溶媒中で混合し、得られた混合液に、さらに、90℃〜200℃の温度範囲内で熱分解し、そしてこの熱分解によりアミン類を発生する化合物であって、この熱分解温度以下では、この化合物の水溶液および/または水とアルコールの混合溶液のpHが6.5〜8の範囲内に入る化合物(E)を混合することを特徴とする。
で示される化合物(A)、及び次の一般式(2):
で示される化合物(B)(上記式(1)及び(2)中、R1は1価の有機基を表し、Rは水素原子、フッ素原子又は1価の有機基を表し、R2は1価の有機基を表し、aは1〜3の整数であり、R、R1及びR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。)から選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物と、200〜5000の分子量を有し、250℃以上で熱分解を示す界面活性剤を含む熱分解性有機化合物(C)と、特定のポーリングの電気陰性度、イオン半径、原子量を有する元素から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素(D)と、90℃〜200℃の温度範囲内で熱分解し、そしてこの熱分解によりアミン類を発生する尿素のような化合物であって、この熱分解温度以下では、この化合物の水溶液および/または水とアルコールの混合溶液のpHが6.5〜8の範囲内に入る化合物(E)と、有機溶媒とを含有する前駆体組成物の溶液から作製される。
加水分解せしめるための酸性触媒あるいは塩基性触媒を加え、20〜80℃の範囲で30分〜5時間攪拌し、一般式(1)及び(2)で示される化合物を加水分解させ、溶液を調製する。次いで、この溶液を攪拌しながら、界面活性剤を1秒間に100万分の1モルから100分の1モルの範囲内で少量ずつ滴下する。この時、界面活性剤は直接滴下しても有機溶媒等で希釈したものを滴下しても良く、界面活性剤の単位時間あたりの滴下量は界面活性剤の分子量に依存するが、多すぎると界面活性剤の分散が不十分となり、最終的に得られる溶液に不均一が生じる。以上の各原料の混合比は目的とする比誘電率によって適宜決定すればよい。
(アルコキシシラン類)
(有機溶媒)
(酸性及び塩基性触媒)
(界面活性剤)
(上記一般式中、aは0〜2の整数であり、bは0〜4の整数であり、nは8〜24の整数であり、mは0〜12の整数であり、Lは1〜24の整数であり、Xはハロゲン化物イオン、HSO4 −又は1価の有機アニオンを表す。)で示されるアルキルアンモニウム塩の使用が好ましい。a、b、n、m、Lがこの範囲内であり、Xがこのようなイオンであれば、形成される空孔が適当な大きさとなり、空孔形成後の気相反応において対象化合物が十分に空孔内へ浸透し、目的とする重合反応が生じる。
(添加元素)
(疎水性化合物)
有機溶媒:エタノール(和光純薬製、電子工業グレード)。
シリル化剤:1,3,5,7−テトラメチルシクロテトラシロキサン(トリケミカル社製、電子工業グレード)。
誘電率:水銀プローブ測定法(SSM社製、SSM2000)を使用して測定。
(参考例1)
(参考例2)
(参考例3)
(参考例5)
(参考例6)
Claims (19)
- 次の一般式(1):
Si(OR1)4 (1)
で示される化合物(A)、及び次の一般式(2):
Ra(Si)(OR2)4−a (2)
で示される化合物(B)
(上記式(1)及び(2)中、R1は1価の有機基を表し、Rは水素原子、フッ素原子又は1価の有機基を表し、R2は1価の有機基を表し、aは1〜3の整数であり、R、R1及びR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。)
から選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物と、250℃以上で熱分解する熱分解性有機化合物(C)と、電気陰性度が2.5以下である両性元素、イオン半径が1.6Å以上の元素及び原子量が130以上である元素から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素(D)とを含有し、さらに、90℃〜200℃の温度範囲内で熱分解し、そしてこの熱分解によりアミン類を発生する化合物であって、この熱分解温度以下では、この化合物の水溶液および/または水とアルコールの混合溶液のpHが6.5〜8の範囲内に入る化合物(E)を含有していることを特徴とする多孔質膜の前駆体組成物。 - 前記熱分解性有機化合物(C)が、分子量200〜5000の界面活性剤を少なくとも1種含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物。
- 前記前駆体組成物中に含まれる前記元素(D)以外の金属イオン不純物が、10ppb以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物。
- 前記元素(D)が、B、Al、P、Zn、Ga、Ge、As、Se、In、Sn、Sb、Te、Rb、Cs、Ba、La、Hf、Ta、W、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi、Po、At、及びランタノイドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物。
- 前記化合物(E)が、前駆体組成物中のSi原子1モルに対して0.03〜0.13モル濃度で含有されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物。
- 前記化合物(E)が、尿素であり、この尿素が、前駆体組成物中のSi原子1モルに対して0.03〜0.13モル濃度で含有されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物。
- 次の一般式(1):
Si(OR1)4 (1)
で示される化合物(A)、及び次の一般式(2):
Ra(Si)(OR2)4−a (2)
で示される化合物(B)
(上記式(1)及び(2)中、R1は1価の有機基を表し、Rは水素原子、フッ素原子又は1価の有機基を表し、R2は1価の有機基を表し、aは1〜3の整数であり、R、R1及びR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。)
から選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物と、250℃以上で熱分解する熱分解性有機化合物(C)と、電気陰性度が2.5以下である両性元素、イオン半径が1.6Å以上の元素及び原子量が130以上である元素から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素(D)又はこの元素(D)を含む少なくとも1種の化合物とを有機溶媒中で混合し、得られた混合液に、さらに、90℃〜200℃の温度範囲内で熱分解し、そしてこの熱分解によりアミン類を発生する化合物であって、この熱分解温度以下では、この化合物の水溶液および/または水とアルコールの混合溶液のpHが6.5〜8の範囲内に入る化合物(E)を混合することを特徴とする多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の調製方法。 - 次の一般式(1):
Si(OR1)4 (1)
で示される化合物(A)、及び次の一般式(2):
Ra(Si)(OR2)4−a (2)
で示される化合物(B)
(上記式(1)及び(2)中、R1は1価の有機基を表し、Rは水素原子、フッ素原子又は1価の有機基を表し、R2は1価の有機基を表し、aは1〜3の整数であり、R、R1及びR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。)
から選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物と、250℃以上で熱分解する熱分解性有機化合物(C)とを有機溶媒中で混合し、得られた混合液に、電気陰性度が2.5以下である両性元素、イオン半径が1.6Å以上の元素及び原子量が130以上である元素から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素(D)又はこの元素(D)を含む少なくとも1種の化合物を添加、混合し、かくして得られた溶液に、さらに、90℃〜200℃の温度範囲内で熱分解し、そしてこの熱分解によりアミン類を発生する化合物であって、この熱分解温度以下では、この化合物の水溶液および/または水とアルコールの混合溶液のpHが6.5〜8の範囲内に入る化合物(E)を混合することを特徴とする多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の調製方法。 - 前記熱分解性有機化合物(C)が、分子量200〜5000の界面活性剤を少なくとも1種含んでいることを特徴とする請求項7又は8記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の調製方法。
- 前記前駆体組成物中に含まれる前記元素(D)以外の金属イオン不純物が、10ppb以下であることを特徴とする請求項7〜9のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の調製方法。
- 前記元素(D)が、B、Al、P、Zn、Ga、Ge、As、Se、In、Sn、Sb、Te、Rb、Cs、Ba、La、Hf、Ta、W、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi、Po、At、及びランタノイドからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素であることを特徴とする請求項7〜10のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の調製方法。
- 前記化合物(E)を前駆体組成物中のSi原子1モルに対して0.03〜0.13モル濃度で混合することを特徴とする請求項7〜11のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の調製方法。
- 前記化合物(E)が、尿素であり、この尿素を前駆体組成物中のSi原子1モルに対して0.03〜0.13モル濃度で混合することを特徴とする請求項7〜11のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の調製方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の溶液又は請求項7〜13のいずれかに記載の調製方法により調製された多孔質膜の前駆体組成物の溶液を基板上に塗布し、100〜400℃の温度範囲で乾燥させ、この基板上に形成され多孔質膜に対して、波長157nm〜344nmの紫外線を照射した後、疎水基及び重合可能性基から選ばれた少なくとも1種の基を持つ疎水性化合物を、100〜600℃の温度範囲で気相反応させ、疎水化された多孔質膜を作製することを特徴とする多孔質膜の作製方法。
- 前記疎水性化合物が、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基又はC6H5基からなる疎水性基と、水素原子、OH基又はハロゲン原子からなる重合可能性基とを、それぞれ、少なくとも1種ずつ有する化合物であることを特徴とする請求項14記載の多孔質膜の作製方法。
- 前記疎水性化合物が、Si−X−Si(Xは酸素原子、NR3基、CnH2n又はC6H4を表し、R3はCmH2m+1又はC6H5を表し、nは1又は2であり、mは1〜6の整数である。)の結合単位を少なくとも1種、かつ、Si−A(Aは水素原子、OH基、OCbH2b+1又はハロゲン原子を表し、同一分子内のAは同じでも異なっていても良く、bは1〜6の整数である。)の結合単位を少なくとも2種有する有機ケイ素化合物であることを特徴とする請求項14記載の多孔質膜の作製方法。
- 請求項14〜16のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の作製方法を繰り返すことにより、機械的強度の向上した多孔質膜を作製することを特徴とする多孔質膜の作製方法。
- 請求項14〜17のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の作製方法に従って得られた多孔質膜。
- 請求項14〜17のいずれかに記載の多孔質膜の作製方法に従って得られた多孔質膜を用いて得られた半導体装置。
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EP2025709A1 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
KR20090027675A (ko) | 2009-03-17 |
US8394457B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
TW200804523A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
TWI412562B (zh) | 2013-10-21 |
CN101490145A (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
US20090186210A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
EP2025709A4 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
KR101105622B1 (ko) | 2012-01-18 |
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JP2007321092A (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
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