JP4995402B2 - ガス流中の窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元の装置系及び方法 - Google Patents
ガス流中の窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元の装置系及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 81
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical group N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 wires Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
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- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/405—Limiting CO, NOx or SOx emissions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4056—Retrofitting operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/22—Higher olefins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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Description
また、NOxのアンモニアでの還元は、選択的接触還元(SCR)として知られるプロセスで、たとえば約500〜950°F(260〜510℃)といったより低い温度で接触的に行うことができる。
「窒素酸化物」なる用語はNO、NO2、N2O4、N2O及びそれらの適宜の混合物等の窒素の適宜の酸化物をいい、しばしば「NOx」と表示する。
NOx+NH3→N2+H2O
窒素 : 60−80vol%
酸素 : 1−4 vol%
水蒸気: 10−25vol%
二酸化炭素: 2−20vol%
窒素酸化物: 50−300ppm
反応器10を出た処理済ガスから回収した熱は図1(A及びB)に示した熱分解系に用いることが好ましく、特に図2に示すように供給原料の予熱に用いることが好ましい。熱分解供給原料Fを予熱のために下流側熱回収部15に導入する。熱回収部15は1以上の熱交換チューブ15aをもつ。供給原料Fはチューブ15aを流れて反応器10を出た処理済ガスからの熱を回収する。その後、供給原料Fはチューブ15aを流れて反応器10を出たパイプ15bを経て、さらなる予熱用に、上流側熱回収部、即ち対流部に運ばれる。供給原料は対流部13’を出てラインCを経て熱分解炉に運ばれる。温度を所望の温度に下げるための熱回収部15の構造は当業者の技術常識内のものでよい。処理済ガスは系100の出口16を典型的には約250〜350°F(121〜177℃)の範囲の温度で出る。
上記の実施例に示した本発明によって達成される反応器の寸法低下は一般的に用いられている煙突系への煙突反応器の改装を他の高価なモディフィケーションの実用性の高い代替手段とすることを可能とする。
上記に本発明の好ましい態様を示したがこれらは例示であり本発明を制限するものではない。
Claims (19)
- 炉ガス排出口と炉の燃焼域の間に配置される炉ガス流中の窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元用装置系であって、
(a)前記燃焼域の下流に配置され、前記燃焼域に存在する炉ガス流を400°F(204℃)を下回らない温度まで低減する上流側熱回収部、
(b)ガス流を前記炉ガス排出口に向けて移動させるために、前記上流側熱回収部の下流に位置するファン、
(c)前記ファンの下流に位置し、炉ガス流中の窒素酸化物を選択的に触媒還元するための反応器、
(d)前記反応器と前記炉ガス排出口の間に位置し、処理済ガス流の温度を低減する下流側熱回収部、からなり、
前記反応器は、前記装置系内に取り付けられて、前記炉ガス流に還元剤を導入するインゼクタと、炉ガス流と接触すると、窒素酸化物濃度の低下した処理済ガス流をもたらす選択的接触還元用触媒を備え、
前記上流側熱回収部と前記下流側熱回収部は、パイプで連結されて流体の移動が可能にされている、
ことを特徴とする炉ガス流中の窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元用装置系。 - 触媒が粒子状である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - 触媒がモノリスである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - 触媒がメッシュ状構造体に支持されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - メッシュ状構造体が繊維、ワイヤ、金属フェルト又は金属繊維フィルタからなる、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - 窒素酸化物の濃度を初期濃度の少なくとも85%減少させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - 窒素酸化物の濃度を初期濃度の少なくとも90%減少させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - 反応器が放射流反応器である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - 反応器が平行流反応器である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - さらに、(e)窒素酸化物を含有する煙道ガス流を生じる炉を有する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - 炉が炉中に導入された飽和炭化水素供給原料からオレフィンを生成するための炭化水素分解路である、
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の装置系。 - ファンが上流側熱回収部と下流側熱回収部の間にある、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置系。 - (a)請求項1乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元用装置系を用意するステップ、
(b)上流側熱回収部において、炉煙道ガス流を400°F(204℃)を下回らない温度まで冷却するステップ、
(c)ファンによって、前記炉煙道ガス流を反応器まで移動させるステップ、
(d)インゼクタによって、還元剤を前記炉煙道ガス流に導入するステップ、
(e)少なくとも1種の選択的接触還元用触媒の存在下において、400°F(204℃)を下回らない温度で、前記還元剤と前記炉煙道ガス流中の窒素酸化物とを反応させて、窒素酸化物濃度の低下した処理済ガス流をもたらすステップ、
(f)下流側熱回収部において、前記処理済ガス流が有する熱を熱回収媒体に移動させて、前記処理済ガス流を冷却するステップ、及び、
(g)パイプを介して、前記下流側熱回収部の熱回収媒体を前記上流側熱回収部に送るステップを有する、
ことを特徴とする炉煙道ガス中の窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元方法。 - 窒素酸化物の濃度を初期濃度の少なくとも85%減少させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。 - 窒素酸化物の濃度を初期濃度の少なくとも90%減少させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。 - 炉内に導入した炭化水素供給原料を熱分解して、該炭化水素供給原料から少なくとも1のオレフィンを生成するステップをさらに含むとともに、処理済ガス流を冷却するステップ(f)が処理済ガス流の温度を350°F(177℃)以上に冷却し、且つ該供給原料の炉への導入前に、処理済ガスからの熱を該供給原料に移す、
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。 - 炉煙道ガス流を冷却するステップ(b)が炉に供給原料を導入する前に炉煙道ガスからの熱を供給原料に移すことを含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。 - 還元剤がアンモニアである、
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。 - 第1燃焼域及び第2燃焼域を備える炉の前記第1燃焼域及び前記第2燃焼域と炉ガス排出口との間に配置されて、炉ガス流中の窒素酸化物を還元する選択的接触還元用装置系であって、
(a)前記第1燃焼域の下流に配置されて、前記第1燃焼域から出る炉ガス流を400°F(204℃)を下回らない温度まで低減する第1上流側熱回収部、
(b)前記第2燃焼域の下流に配置されて、前記第2燃焼域から出る炉ガス流を400°F(204℃)を下回らない温度まで低減する第2上流側熱回収部、
(c)前記第1上流側熱回収部及び前記第2上流側熱回収部の下流に配置されて、炉ガス流を前記炉ガス排出口に向けて移動させる少なくとも1基のファン、
(d)前記少なくとも1基のファンの下流に配置されて、炉ガス流中の窒素酸化物を選択的に接触還元する反応器、
(e)前記反応器の下流に位置し、前記第1上流側熱回収部と前記第2上流側熱回収部の間において、流体の移動を許容するために、配管止め具で前記第1上流側熱回収部及び/又は前記第2上流側熱回収部に接続される下流側熱回収部、からなり、
前記反応器は、前記装置内に取り付けられ、前記炉ガス流に還元剤を導入するインゼクタと、炉ガス流と接触すると窒素酸化物濃度の低下した処理済ガス流をもたらす選択的接触還元用触媒を備える、
ことを特徴とする炉ガス流中の窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元用装置系。
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US09/793,470 | 2001-02-26 | ||
US09/793,470 US6706246B2 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2001-02-26 | System and method for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide in a gas stream |
PCT/US2002/005292 WO2002068095A1 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2002-02-22 | System and method for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide in a gas stream |
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US (1) | US6706246B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1492612B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4995402B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100858017B1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0207565B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2438694C (ja) |
NO (1) | NO335599B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002068095A1 (ja) |
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US20090022635A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-22 | Selas Fluid Processing Corporation | High-performance cracker |
US8579841B2 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2013-11-12 | Sitara R. Khan | Blood clot prevention device |
US8402755B2 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2013-03-26 | General Electric Company | Gas turbine combustor exhaust gas spray cooling for NOx control using selective catalytic reductions |
CN101811065B (zh) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-12-19 | 江苏可兰素汽车环保科技有限公司 | 一种尾气催化还原剂的生产工艺 |
US8211391B2 (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-07-03 | 2E Environmental, LLC | Biomass boiler SCR NOx and CO reduction system |
WO2013022516A1 (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Method and system for mitigating n2o output from exhaust gas systems |
KR101165646B1 (ko) | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-16 | 동원이앤텍 주식회사 | 폐열 및 증기식 가스 가열기를 활용한 질소산화물 저감 장치의 에너지 절감 시스템 |
CN110013752A (zh) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-16 | 中晟工程技术(天津)有限公司 | 一种轧钢加热炉烟气脱硝系统及工艺 |
KR102775272B1 (ko) | 2024-11-07 | 2025-03-05 | 주식회사 신성플랜트 | 굴뚝 scr시스템 |
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-
2001
- 2001-02-26 US US09/793,470 patent/US6706246B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
- 2002-02-22 WO PCT/US2002/005292 patent/WO2002068095A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-02-22 KR KR1020037010960A patent/KR100858017B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-02-22 JP JP2002567446A patent/JP4995402B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-22 EP EP02723213.1A patent/EP1492612B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-22 BR BRPI0207565-2A patent/BRPI0207565B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-02-22 CA CA002438694A patent/CA2438694C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Publication number | Publication date |
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NO335599B1 (no) | 2015-01-12 |
KR100858017B1 (ko) | 2008-09-10 |
EP1492612B1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
JP2004530537A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
US6706246B2 (en) | 2004-03-16 |
NO20033764D0 (no) | 2003-08-25 |
BR0207565A (pt) | 2004-09-14 |
US20020150525A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
CA2438694C (en) | 2009-08-04 |
BRPI0207565B1 (pt) | 2015-08-18 |
WO2002068095A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 |
EP1492612A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
KR20040010594A (ko) | 2004-01-31 |
CA2438694A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 |
NO20033764L (no) | 2003-10-24 |
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