JP4944112B2 - グリコシル化されたインターフェロンベータの調製方法 - Google Patents
グリコシル化されたインターフェロンベータの調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4944112B2 JP4944112B2 JP2008527315A JP2008527315A JP4944112B2 JP 4944112 B2 JP4944112 B2 JP 4944112B2 JP 2008527315 A JP2008527315 A JP 2008527315A JP 2008527315 A JP2008527315 A JP 2008527315A JP 4944112 B2 JP4944112 B2 JP 4944112B2
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Description
本発明は、無血清培地で組換えヒトインターフェロンベータを生産する方法の開発に基づくものである。
約10〜約30 mM HEPES、好ましくは20 mMのHEPESと;
約0.5〜約3 mMプロリン、好ましくは約1 mMのプロリンと;
約5500〜約7000 mg/L塩化ナトリウム、好ましくは約6100 mg/L塩化ナトリウム
とを含む。
液体をアフィニティークロマトグラフィーにかける工程と;
アフィニティークロマトグラフィーの溶出物を陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィーにかける工程と;
陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィーの溶出物をRP-HPLCによる疎水性クロマトグラフィーにかける工程
とを含む、組換えヒトインターフェロンを液体から精製する方法に関する。
本発明の第1の局面は、無血清細胞培養条件下でのインターフェロンベータの生産方法の開発に基づく。本発明によると、グリコシル化された組換えインターフェロンベータの製造方法は、無血清培地中でインターフェロンベータ産生細胞を培養する工程を含み、ここで、該無血清培地は、
約10〜約30 mM HEPES、好ましくは20 mMのHEPESと;
約0.5〜約3 mMプロリン、好ましくは約1 mMのプロリンと;
約5500〜約7000 mg/L塩化ナトリウム、好ましくは約6100 mg/L塩化ナトリウム
とを含む。
a) 液体をアフィニティークロマトグラフィーにかける工程と;
b) アフィニティークロマトグラフィーの溶出物を陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィーにかける工程と;
c) 陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィーの溶出物をRP-HPLCによる疎水性クロマトグラフィーにかける工程と
を含む、組換えヒトインターフェロンを液体から精製する方法に関する。
d) 限外濾過及び透析を行なう工程と、
e) 透析物をサイズ排除クロマトグラフィーにかける工程と、
f) サイズ排除クロマトグラフィーの溶出物を濾過にかける工程と
をさらに含む。
本実施例ではインターフェロンベータを産生するCHO クローンの生成について述べる。
ヒトゲノム IFN-β コード配列及びマウス DHFR 耐性遺伝子をともに含む発現ベクターを構築した。該構築物により、例えば Chernajovsky ら (1984) で公知のように、CHO 宿主細胞に対して、一方が IFN-β コード配列、他方がマウス DHFR 配列を含む 2 個の別々のプラスミドを用いて同時トランスフェクションを行う必要がなくなった。
DUKX-B11 と命名され、DHFR (ジヒドロ葉酸還元酵素) 活性を欠くチャイニーズハムスター卵巣 (CHO) 細胞株を宿主細胞として用いた。該細胞株は、プロリン要求性 CHO-K1 細胞株 (Kao及びPuck, 1968) から、エチルメタン硫酸塩による突然変異生成とそれに続くガンマ線照射によって単離された。DHFR 欠損突然変異株は、高比放射能の [3H]-デオキシウリジンへの曝露によって選択された (Urlaub及びChasin, 1980)。
図1に概説した通り、足場依存性の DHFR-欠損 CHO 細胞を、上記の h-IFN-β コード配列及び mDHFR マーカー遺伝子をともに含むプラスミドでリン酸カルシウム沈澱法 (Graham FL 及び Van Der EB, 1973; Busslinger ら, 1981) によってトランスフェクトした。トランスフェクトした遺伝子を増幅するため、選択されたクローンを MTX (メトトレキサート) 処理にかけた。該クローンを MTX 選択の後に単離した。
CHO DHFR-欠損細胞株 DUKX-B11 を 10% FBS を添加したハム F12 培地 (Ham’s Nutrient Mixture F12) 中において 37℃、5% CO2で培養した。
10-12 日後、3mm トリプシン浸漬濾紙円盤を用いたトリプシン処理により、インターフェロンベータ産生細胞を単離した。43 クローンを採取し、個々のクローンを生育させ、ELISA によって細胞培養液上清の hIFN-β 産生を調べた。30,000 IFN-β IU/106 細胞/24 時間を上回る産生を示した3 個のクローンを遺伝子増幅用に選んだ。
その後、細胞産生能を次の通り試験した。組織培養(増殖)培地はプロリン (150mg/l) 及び 10% FBS (牛胎児血清) を添加した DMEM (ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地)、 又は JRH の Ex-Cell 302 などの無血清培地であった。
インターフェロンベータを産生する該細胞クローンは安定な細胞株であり、約 100,000 IU の細胞の比産生能ないし約 600,000 IU の細胞の比産生能の範囲で、組み替えヒトインターフェロン-βの高い産生能を有していた。この新規細胞株の平均産生能は 556,000 ± 119,000 IU/106 細胞/24 時間であった。
mRNA 配列は RNA 転写物が正確にプロセッシングされていることを示す直接的な証拠となるため、hIFN-β メッセンジャー RNA (mRNA) から得られた PCR DNA 産物を用いてコード領域のヌクレオチド配列を決定した。
cDNA及び PCR 反応
T-フラスコ培養液中の対数増殖期の細胞から全細胞 RNA を調製した (Chomczynski 及び Sacchi, 1987)。2 マイクログラム (μg) の全 RNA、0.5 μM の任意の六量体、2.5 mM MgCl2、1x PCR II バッファー [10mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3)、50mM KCl]、各 0.5mM の dATP、dCTP、dGTP 及び dTTP、40 ユニットの RNase 阻害剤、並びに 200 ユニットの逆転写酵素を最終容量 100μl 中に含む反応溶液にて、相補的 DNA (cDNA) を mRNA 試料から合成した。
SRB1 AP1: CCTCGGCCTCTGAGCTATTC (配列番号 1)
SRB1 AP2: CACAAATAAAGCATTTTTTT (配列番号 2)
PCR 産物を、アンプリタック (商標) DNA ポリメラーゼ(AmpliTaqR DNA Polymerase) を用いるビッグダイ (商標)・ターミネーター・サイクルシークエンシング・レディリアクション・キット (Big DyeTM Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit) によって直接シークエンシングした。全てのシークエンシング反応物を 5.75% ロングレンジャー (商標) (Long RangerTM) ゲル上で ABI373-S 自動 DNA シーケンサーを用いて分析した。粗データを追跡し、ABD 解析ソフトウェア (Analysis software) を用いて分析した。
PCR 増幅によって、予期したとおりの約 815 bp の断片が生成した。「RT 無し (no RT)」コントロールについても他のネガティブコントロールについても PCR 産物は観察されなかった。
シークエンシングのデータは、細胞に取り込まれた、クローンのゲノム中の hIFN-β 遺伝子が、正確に hIFN-β mRNA に転写されていることを示している。
遺伝子のコピー数を BamHI 消化物のサザンブロット分析で決定した。
(i) 5': PR221626: ATGACCAACAAGTGTCTCCTCC (配列番号 3)
(ii) 3': PR231217: ACTTACAGGTTACCTCCGAAAC (配列番号4)
ゲノム DNA を、改変塩析法 (Martinez ら, 1998) を用いて、細胞の対数増殖期の T-フラスコ培養液から単離した。簡単にいうと、細胞を Tris-NaCl-EDTA バッファー中に再懸濁し、続いて Tris-NaCl-EDTA-SDS バッファーを用いて溶解した。この懸濁物を一晩プロテイナーゼ K で処理した。飽和塩溶液を加えて遠心分離した後、水層にイソプロパノールを加えてゲノム DNA を沈殿させた。70% エタノールで洗った後、DNA のペレットを TE/RNase A 溶液 (10mM Tris-HCl pH8.0、 1mM EDTA、20μg/ml RNase A) 中に再懸濁した。
クローンのインターフェロンベータ産生細胞用に生成した断片のサイズの決定を、全ての消化物に対して行った。
全 RNA を、対数増殖期のインターフェロンベータ産生細胞及びトランスフェクションを行っていない CHO DUKX 細胞 (Chomczynski 及び Sacchi, 1987) から単離した。使用したプローブには、「遺伝子のコピー数の決定」節記載のとおり調製した 32P 標識 hIFN-β プローブ及びコントロールの G3PDH cDNA プローブ (クロンテック (Clontech); パロアルト (Palo Alto)、カリフォルニア州) を含めた。
レーンあたり 5 μg の全 RNA を、変性剤としてホルムアルデヒドを含むアガロースゲルによる電気泳動でサイズ分画した。試料はセットを重複させてロードした。RNA を 10x SSC 中で毛管作用によってナイロンメンブレンにトランスファーした。プレハイブリダイゼーションとハイブリダイゼーションを、65℃ で、「制限エンドヌクレアーゼ地図分析」節に記載した改変済 Church 及び Gilbert 溶液中で行った。ブロットを 32P 標識 hIFN-β プローブ及びコントロールの G3PDH cDNA プローブとハイブリダイズさせた。バンドサイズをブロットのオートラジオグラフを基に推定した。
該細胞に 1 個の主要な IFN-β mRNA 種が観察された。mRNA のサイズは 0.9 kb mRNA と推定された。このサイズは、SV40 転写開始点から始まり、ポリA尾部を考慮しない場合約 800 ヌクレオチドの転写物となる mRNA とよく一致している。
インターフェロンベータ産生細胞の表現型及び遺伝子型の研究により、細胞の同一性と一貫性が確認された。
本実験全体の目的は、無血清の状況下で実施例 1 記載のクローンから IFN ベータ-1a を産生する方法を開発することである。
37℃ における増殖期 I (作業日 2 もしくは 作業日 4、またはグルコース消費率 (GCR)が ≧2.0±1.0 g.L-1.d-1 になった時まで)
35℃ における増殖期 II (作業日 7、又は GCR が ≧8.0±0.5 g.L-1.d-1 になった時まで)
33℃ における産生期
細胞培養液上清からの IFN-β-1a 精製方法には、図 2 に示す通り、4 つのクロマトグラフィー及び 4 つの濾過の段階が含まれる。次の順番で精製段階を行った。
・段階 I: 回収物の濾過による清澄化
・段階 II: ブルーセファロース 6 ファストフロー (Blue Sepharose 6 fast flow) (6 FF) カラムを用いたアフィニティークロマトグラフィー
・段階 III: 限外濾過
・段階 IV: 好ましくは CM セファロース FF (CM Sepharose FF) カラムを用いた、陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィー
・段階 V: 疎水性クロマトグラフィー RP-HPLC
・段階 VI: 限外濾過及び透析
・段階 VII: サイズ排除 (SE) クロマトグラフィー
・段階 VIII: 精密濾過
精製した IFN-ベータ をES-MS (エレクトロスプレー質量分析 (Electro Spray-Mass Spectrometry)) によるシアリル化プロファイルの分析にかけ、次の結果を得た。
新規方法により得られた IFN-β-1a をさらに分析するため、該タンパク質のグリコフォームを解析した。前述したとおり、グルコシル化したタンパク質は異なるグリコフォーム、又はグリコシル化において異なる糖構造を持ったタンパク質の混合物として生ずることが多い。下記により詳細に記載するように、これらのグリコフォームの分析には、エレクトロスプレー質量分析、FAB-MS、MALDI-MS、タンデム質量分析 (MS/MS) 及び GC-MS (結合分析 (linkage studies)) を含む様々な技法を用いた。分析された異なる糖構造のうち 1 個の構造が、該クローンから得られた IFN-β-1a において新たに存在するものであることが、これらの様々な技法全てにおいて示された。
方法
エレクトロスプレー質量分析 (ES-MS) を使用し、クローンから得たインターフェロンベータの IFN-β-1a 大量試料。方法は例えば Fenn ら (1989) に記載されている。
結果を図 3-5 に示す。全ての図において、種々のオリゴ糖の概略図をそれぞれのピークの上に示してある。図 3 及び 4 には、新規方法により得られたインターフェロンベータ由来のいくつかの IFN-β-1a バッチを ES-MS 変換したスペクトルを示す。
新規方法によって得られたインターフェロンベータ由来の IFN-β-1a のグリコフォームのパターンを ES-MS を用いて分析した。
新規方法によって得られたインターフェロンベータ由来の IFN-β-1a の大量試料を、炭水化物の広範なキャラクタリゼーション解析にかけた。IFN-β-1a の炭水化物組成を得るため、トリプシン及びペプチド N-グリコシダーゼ F による消化に続く、完全メチル化した IFN-β-1a の FAB-MS, MALDI-MS, ナノスプレー-MS/MS 解析及び結合分析 (linkage studies) (GC-MS) を用いた。あらかじめトリプシン及び N-グリコシダーゼ F によって消化し、キモトリプシン消化したペプチドの FAB-MS 分析により、グリコシル化部位の決定を行った。
トリプシンによる切断を行った IFN-β-1a 由来のペプチド糖ペプチド混合物をペプチド-N-グリコシダーゼ F 酵素によって処理した (例えば、Tarentino ら 1985 に記載の通り)。
完全メチル化した炭水化物の MALDI 及び FAB-MS
本研究は、新規方法により得られたインターフェロンベータ由来のタンパク質に対して行われた。代表的な MALDI スペクトルを図 6 に示す。完全メチル化スペクトル (MALDI-MS 及び FAB-MS) において観察された m/z シグナルの対応一覧を表 3 に示す。
・非シアリル化 2 分岐型構造 (Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc)
・ジシアリル化 3 分岐型構造又は N-アセチルラクトサミン反復構造を有するジシアリル化 2 分岐型 (NeuAc2.Hex6.HexNAc5.Fuc)
・トリシアリル化 3 分岐型構造 (NeuAc3.Hex6.HexNAc5.Fuc)
・N-アセチルラクトサミン反復構造を持つトリシアリル化 3 分岐型構造又はトリシアリル化 4 分岐型構造 (NeuAc3.Hex7.HexNAc6.Fuc)
・2 個のフコース単位を持つモノシアリル化及びジシアリル化 2 分岐型構造 (NeuAc.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc2,NeuAc2.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc2)
・少量のトリフコシル化構造 (NeuAc2.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc3) も本発明による方法によって得られたインターフェロンベータ由来のバッチにおいて観察されたが、比較用 (reference) の IFN-β-1a においては存在しなかった
・グリカンのシアル酸の一部としての少量の N-グリコリルノイラミン酸
さらに極微量の N-結合型多フコシル化オリゴ糖構造物の構造を確認するため、NeuAc.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc2、NeuAc2.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc2 及び NeuAc2.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc3 それぞれの 3 価イオン ([M+3H]3+) と一致する、m/z 919、1040 及び 1098 のシグナルを示す完全メチル化オリゴ糖において MS/MS 分析を行った。MS/MS スペクトルにおいて観察された A 型イオンによって次の構造属性が確認された。
新規方法によって得られたインターフェロンベータ由来の試験したバッチ全てに対して、誘導体化された試薬起源のいくつかの不純物ピークを伴う複雑な GC クロマトグラムが得られた。同一の GC 条件で実施した部分的メチル化アルジトール酢酸塩の標準混合物との GC における保持時間の比較により、糖含有物ピークの暫定的な同定を行うことができた。
ペプチド N-グリコシダーゼ F による炭水化物遊離後、アスパラギン酸に変換された Asn-80 を含むナトリウム化 (sodiated) ペプチド残基 80-88 (D.E.T.I.V.E.N.L.L +Na+) と同定された弱い FAB-MS シグナルが、分析した全ての IFN-β-1a バッチにおいて観察された。本実験は、Asn-80 が実際にグリコシル化されているということを支持する証拠を提供する。
新規方法によって得られた大量試料の IFN-β-1a完全メチル化 N-グリカン に対する MALDI-MS 及び FAB-MS 分析において、次のコア-フコシル化炭水化物構造が示された (非フコシル化グリカンは観察されなかった)。
主要なグリコフォーム
・モノシアリル化 2 分岐型構造 (NeuAc Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc)
・ジシアリル化 2 分岐型構造 (NeuAc2Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc)
マイナーなグリコフォーム
・非シアリル化 2 分岐型構造 (Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc)
・ジシアリル化 3 分岐型構造又は N-アセチルラクトサミン反復構造を持つジシアリル化 2 分岐型 (NeuAc2.Hex6.HexNAc5.Fuc)
・トリシアリル化 3 分岐型構造 (NeuAc3.Hex6.HexNAc5.Fuc)
・N-アセチルラクトサミン反復構造を持つトリシアリル化 3 分岐型又はトリシアリル化 4 分岐型構造 (NeuAc3.Hex7.HexNAc6.Fuc)
・2 個のフコース単位を持つジシアリル化及びモノシアリル化 2 分岐型構造 (NeuAc.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc2 及び NeuAc2.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc2)
・3 個のフコース単位を持つジシアリル化 2 分岐型構造 (NeuAc2.Hex5.HexNAc4.Fuc3)
Claims (13)
- ヒトインターフェロンベータ産生細胞を無血清培地中で培養する工程を含む、グリコシル化された組換えヒトインターフェロンベータの製造方法であって、該無血清培地は
10〜30 mM HEPESと;
0.5〜3 mMプロリンと;
5500〜7000 mg/L塩化ナトリウムと
を含み、当該方法は増殖期I、増殖期II及び産生期を含み、増殖期Iは37℃で行なわれ、増殖期IIは35℃で行なわれ、産生期は33℃で行なわれる、方法。 - 前記無血清培地に含まれているHEPESの濃度が20 mMである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記無血清培地に含まれているプロリンの濃度が1 mMである、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記無血清培地に含まれている塩化ナトリウムの濃度が6100 mg/Lである、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記無血清培地が、10〜20 mg/Lフェノールレッドをさらに含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記無血清培地に含まれているフェノールレッドの濃度が15 mg/Lである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、1〜10/日の範囲の希釈率での灌流方法である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記希釈率が1.5〜7/日である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 希釈率が、細胞培養のはじめの2〜3週間以内に、初期値である1〜2/日から7〜10/日の値まで増大される請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 10〜30 mM HEPESと;
0.5〜3 mMプロリンと;
5500〜7000 mg/L塩化ナトリウムと
を含む無血清細胞培養培地の、増殖期I、増殖期II及び産生期を含む方法における組換えヒトインターフェロンベータを産生する細胞の培養のための使用であって、増殖期Iは37℃で行なわれ、増殖期IIは35℃で行なわれ、産生期は33℃で行なわれる、使用。 - 前記無血清培地に含まれているHEPESの濃度が20 mMである、請求項10に記載の使用。
- 前記無血清培地に含まれているプロリンの濃度が1 mMである、請求項10又は11記載の使用。
- 前記無血清培地に含まれている塩化ナトリウムの濃度が6100 mg/Lである、請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
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KR101173717B1 (ko) | 2004-11-09 | 2012-08-13 | 아레스 트레이딩 에스.에이. | Fsh를 정제하는 방법 |
JP4944112B2 (ja) | 2005-08-26 | 2012-05-30 | アレス トレーディング ソシエテ アノニム | グリコシル化されたインターフェロンベータの調製方法 |
EP1960419B1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | Ares Trading S.A. | Method for purifying fsh or a fsh mutant |
BRPI0706628A2 (pt) * | 2006-01-17 | 2011-04-05 | Serono Lab | variante de glicosilação de fsh d3n |
CA2702448A1 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-30 | Merck Serono S.A. | Method for purifying fc-fusion proteins |
US20100256337A1 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2010-10-07 | Merck Serono Sa | Method for purifying an fc-containing protein |
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BRPI0520498B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
CN101282990B (zh) | 2013-04-03 |
EA015901B1 (ru) | 2011-12-30 |
KR20080048490A (ko) | 2008-06-02 |
HUE038947T2 (hu) | 2018-12-28 |
AU2005335900A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
PL1917276T3 (pl) | 2018-08-31 |
LT1917276T (lt) | 2018-05-25 |
BRPI0520498B1 (pt) | 2018-11-06 |
HRP20180579T1 (hr) | 2018-05-18 |
US20110305669A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
WO2007022799A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
SG155183A1 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
BRPI0520498A2 (pt) | 2010-07-13 |
HK1120052A1 (en) | 2009-03-20 |
IL189738A (en) | 2012-07-31 |
CN101282990A (zh) | 2008-10-08 |
RS57549B1 (sr) | 2018-10-31 |
MX2008002596A (es) | 2008-03-14 |
EP1917276A1 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
EP2390263A1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
JP2009505645A (ja) | 2009-02-12 |
SI1917276T1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
IL189738A0 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
PT1917276T (pt) | 2018-06-11 |
ES2664924T3 (es) | 2018-04-24 |
DK1917276T3 (en) | 2018-05-07 |
AU2005335900B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
EA200800669A1 (ru) | 2008-12-30 |
US20080219952A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
KR101276367B1 (ko) | 2013-06-25 |
EP1917276B1 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
US8993724B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
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