JP4911917B2 - 水素分離装置 - Google Patents
水素分離装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4911917B2 JP4911917B2 JP2005138196A JP2005138196A JP4911917B2 JP 4911917 B2 JP4911917 B2 JP 4911917B2 JP 2005138196 A JP2005138196 A JP 2005138196A JP 2005138196 A JP2005138196 A JP 2005138196A JP 4911917 B2 JP4911917 B2 JP 4911917B2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 368
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 368
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 title description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 314
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 74
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 75
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 45
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 40
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 18
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910002119 nickel–yttria stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910002080 8 mol% Y2O3 fully stabilized ZrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021472 group 8 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005407 aluminoborosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pb] LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002077 partially stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
請求項1は、多孔質支持体及び前記多孔質支持体の表面の一部に形成された水素透過膜を有する水素透過部材と、取付け具とが、ロウ材によって接合されてなる水素分離装置であって、
前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを分離する分離部材を有し、
前記分離部材が、前記水素透過膜が形成されていない前記多孔質支持体の表面とロウ材との間に介在し、前記水素透過膜に接して形成され、かつ、前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを非接触状態に分離し、
前記ロウ材が、前記分離部材と前記取付け具との間に介在し、
前記分離部材を形成する材料が、ガラスであり、
前記ガラスは、その熱膨張係数が8〜14×10−6/℃であり、かつ、前記多孔質支持体は、その熱膨張係数が10〜16×10−6/℃であることを特徴とする水素分離装置であり、
請求項2は、多孔質支持体及び前記多孔質支持体の表面の一部に形成された水素透過膜を有する水素透過部材と、取付け具とが、ロウ材によって接合されてなる水素分離装置であって、
前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを分離する分離部材を有し、
前記水素透過膜、前記分離部材及び前記ロウ材が何れも前記多孔質支持体上に連接して形成され、前記分離部材が前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを非接触状態に分離し、
前記ロウ材は、前記多孔質支持体と前記取付け具との間に介在し、
前記分離部材を形成する材料が、ガラスであり、
前記ガラスは、その熱膨張係数が8〜14×10 −6 /℃であり、かつ、前記多孔質支持体は、その熱膨張係数が10〜16×10 −6 /℃であることを特徴とする水素分離装置であり、
請求項3は、前記取付け具を形成する材料が、金属であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の水素分離装置であり、
請求項4は、前記多孔質支持体が、炭化水素ガスの水蒸気改質触媒機能を有する改質触媒兼支持体である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の水素分離装置である。
[参考例]
2、3、4、5、6 水素製造装置
10、11、12、13、14、15 水素透過部材
20 多孔質支持体
21 改質触媒兼支持体
30、31、32、33 水素透過膜
40、41 分離部材
50 ロウ材
60、61 取付け具
65 貫通孔
70 バリア層
80 コーティング層
Claims (4)
- 多孔質支持体及び前記多孔質支持体の表面の一部に形成された水素透過膜を有する水素透過部材と、取付け具とが、ロウ材によって接合されてなる水素分離装置であって、
前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを分離する分離部材を有し、
前記分離部材が、前記水素透過膜が形成されていない前記多孔質支持体の表面とロウ材との間に介在し、前記水素透過膜に接して形成され、かつ、前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを非接触状態に分離し、
前記ロウ材が、前記分離部材と前記取付け具との間に介在し、
前記分離部材を形成する材料が、ガラスであり、
前記ガラスは、その熱膨張係数が8〜14×10−6/℃であり、かつ、前記多孔質支持体は、その熱膨張係数が10〜16×10−6/℃であることを特徴とする水素分離装置。 - 多孔質支持体及び前記多孔質支持体の表面の一部に形成された水素透過膜を有する水素透過部材と、取付け具とが、ロウ材によって接合されてなる水素分離装置であって、
前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを分離する分離部材を有し、
前記水素透過膜、前記分離部材及び前記ロウ材が何れも前記多孔質支持体上に連接して形成され、前記分離部材が前記水素透過膜と前記ロウ材とを非接触状態に分離し、
前記ロウ材は、前記多孔質支持体と前記取付け具との間に介在し、
前記分離部材を形成する材料が、ガラスであり、
前記ガラスは、その熱膨張係数が8〜14×10 −6 /℃であり、かつ、前記多孔質支持体は、その熱膨張係数が10〜16×10 −6 /℃であることを特徴とする水素分離装置。 - 前記取付け具を形成する材料が、金属であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の水素分離装置。
- 前記多孔質支持体が、炭化水素ガスの水蒸気改質触媒機能を有する改質触媒兼支持体である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の水素分離装置。
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JP4911917B2 true JP4911917B2 (ja) | 2012-04-04 |
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JP5057685B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-10-24 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 水素分離装置および水素製造装置 |
JP2008246315A (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 水素分離装置及び燃料電池 |
JP2008246317A (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 水素分離装置及び燃料電池 |
JP5226048B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-26 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | セラミックス分離膜 |
KR101336768B1 (ko) | 2011-07-22 | 2013-12-16 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 수소 분리막 보호층 및 이의 코팅방법 |
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JP2991609B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-18 | 1999-12-20 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ガス分離体と金属との接合体および水素ガス分離装置 |
JP3305484B2 (ja) * | 1994-03-28 | 2002-07-22 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 金属被覆セラミックスと金属との接合体およびそれを用いた水素ガス分離装置 |
JP3599370B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-23 | 2004-12-08 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 水素製造装置 |
JP3878786B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-30 | 2007-02-07 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池用改質器 |
JP2001286742A (ja) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 水素分離膜 |
JP2002154880A (ja) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-05-28 | Nok Corp | 金属とセラミックスとの接合体およびそれを用いたガス分離モジュール |
JP4184037B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-29 | 2008-11-19 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 水素製造装置 |
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