JP4861608B2 - 複合電解質膜及びこれを採用した燃料電池 - Google Patents
複合電解質膜及びこれを採用した燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4861608B2 JP4861608B2 JP2004030823A JP2004030823A JP4861608B2 JP 4861608 B2 JP4861608 B2 JP 4861608B2 JP 2004030823 A JP2004030823 A JP 2004030823A JP 2004030823 A JP2004030823 A JP 2004030823A JP 4861608 B2 JP4861608 B2 JP 4861608B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte membrane
- composite electrolyte
- fuel cell
- group
- methanol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 147
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002228 disulfide group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru].[Pt] CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UOTUDRGCPNCSII-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl-(trimethoxy-lambda4-sulfanyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[SiH2]S(OC)(OC)OC UOTUDRGCPNCSII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- SUTQSIHGGHVXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2-trifluoroethenylbenzene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 SUTQSIHGGHVXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJDOLCGOTSNFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-pentadecafluorooctan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F PJDOLCGOTSNFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical group C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEJSOJYMMZDUKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl-(triethoxy-lambda4-sulfanyl)silane Chemical compound CCCC[SiH2]S(OCC)(OCC)OCC UEJSOJYMMZDUKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVVIXVJJYVHSIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl-(trimethoxy-lambda4-sulfanyl)silane Chemical compound CCCC[SiH2]S(OC)(OC)OC FVVIXVJJYVHSIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N captafol Chemical group C1C=CC[C@H]2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)Cl)C(=O)[C@H]21 JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000878 docusate sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical group CCCS(O)(=O)=O KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGTOXTLQIAYAEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl-(triethoxy-lambda4-sulfanyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[SiH2]S(OCC)(OCC)OCC YGTOXTLQIAYAEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2275—Heterogeneous membranes
- C08J5/2281—Heterogeneous membranes fluorine containing heterogeneous membranes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0289—Means for holding the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1037—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having silicon, e.g. sulfonated crosslinked polydimethylsiloxanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1044—Mixtures of polymers, of which at least one is ionically conductive
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
- H01M8/1048—Ion-conducting additives, e.g. ion-conducting particles, heteropolyacids, metal phosphate or polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2383/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2383/02—Polysilicates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0091—Composites in the form of mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Description
カソード反応:1.5O2+6H++6e−→3H2O
全体反応:CH3OH+1.5O2→2H2O+CO2
前記反応式に示されるように、アノードではメタノールと水とが反応して二酸化炭素、6個の水素イオン及び6個の電子が生成され、生成された水素イオンは高分子電解質膜を通過してカソードに移動する。カソードでは水素イオン、外部回路を介して伝えられた電子及び酸素が反応して水が生成する。直接メタノール燃料電池の全体反応はメタノールと酸素とが反応して水と二酸化炭素とを生成し、この過程でメタノールの燃焼熱に該当するエネルギーの相当量が電気エネルギーに転換される。
前記アノードは、水素、メタノール、エタノールなどの燃料の酸化反応を促進する触媒層を含む。前記触媒層は触媒粒子と陽イオン交換基とを有するポリマーを含む。前記触媒の具体例としては、白金担持カーボン触媒、白金ブラック触媒、白金−ルテニウム担持カーボン触媒、白金−ルテニウムブラック触媒などがある。特に、白金−ルテニウム担持カーボン触媒または白金−ルテニウムブラック触媒は水素以外の有機燃料をアノードに直接供給する場合に有用である。
ナフィオンはデュポン社から商業的に提供された、スルホン酸基を含む高フッ化ポリマーまたは前記ポリマーからなる電解質膜の商品名である。実施例で使われたナフィオン膜はナフィオン115である。前記ナフィオン膜を120℃の真空オーブンで12時間乾燥させた。乾燥ナフィオン膜をメンブレンキットに固定させた。
ウォータジャケットの備わった反応器のウォータジャケットに30℃ほどの水を循環させた。反応器の上部に凝縮器を設けた。冷却循環器を使用して凝縮器に5℃の水を循環させた。
実施例1で得た複合電解質膜のうち改質シリカの含量をICPで測定した結果は3質量%であった。XPSを利用して改質シリカのジスルフィド基の置換度を測定した結果は54%であり、スルホン酸基の置換度は20%であった。実施例1の複合電解質膜のイオン伝導度とナフィオン115のイオン伝導度とを4点探針法で測定し、その結果を表1に示す。
Claims (4)
- 前記改質シリカの含量は2ないし20質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合電解質膜。
- 前記改質シリカの粒子サイズは2ないし10nmであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の複合電解質膜。
- 酸化剤の還元反応の起こるカソード、燃料の酸化反応の起こるアノード、及び前記カソードとアノード間に位置する電解質膜を含む燃料電池において、
前記電解質膜は請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の複合電解質膜であることを特徴とする燃料電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR2003-008007 | 2003-02-08 | ||
KR10-2003-0008007A KR100493171B1 (ko) | 2003-02-08 | 2003-02-08 | 복합전해질막 및 이를 채용한 연료전지 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2004241391A JP2004241391A (ja) | 2004-08-26 |
JP4861608B2 true JP4861608B2 (ja) | 2012-01-25 |
Family
ID=32960154
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004030823A Expired - Fee Related JP4861608B2 (ja) | 2003-02-08 | 2004-02-06 | 複合電解質膜及びこれを採用した燃料電池 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7179560B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4861608B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100493171B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1287476C (ja) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7569302B2 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2009-08-04 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell for generating electric power |
DE112004001818T5 (de) * | 2003-09-29 | 2006-09-07 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company, Wilmington | Auf Basispolymere gepfropfte Trifluorstyrol enthaltende Verbindungen und ihre Verwendung als Polymer-Elektrolytmembranen |
US7658975B2 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2010-02-09 | Intel Corporation | Sealing porous dielectric materials |
US7161909B2 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2007-01-09 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and system for acknowledging the receipt of a transmitted data stream in a wireless communication system |
KR100684734B1 (ko) | 2005-06-28 | 2007-02-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지용 고분자 전해질 막, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 장치 |
KR100717790B1 (ko) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-05-11 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지용 막-전극 어셈블리 및 이를 포함하는 연료 전지시스템. |
US8129073B2 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2012-03-06 | Panasonic Corporation | Catalyst-coated membrane, membrane-electrode assembly, fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
US7977392B2 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2011-07-12 | Daimler Ag | Water insoluble additive for improving conductivity of an ion exchange membrane |
US8455088B2 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2013-06-04 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Spun nanofiber, medical devices, and methods |
CN100472872C (zh) * | 2006-02-01 | 2009-03-25 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 直接氧化燃料电池及运行直接氧化燃料电池的方法 |
US20080280164A1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microporous carbon catalyst support material |
JP5077658B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-19 | 2012-11-21 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 固体高分子形燃料電池用電解質膜とこれを用いた電解質膜−触媒層接合体及び電解質膜−電極接合体、並びに燃料電池 |
JP2010244791A (ja) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-28 | Panasonic Corp | 直接メタノール型燃料電池 |
FR2974091B1 (fr) | 2011-04-12 | 2013-05-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Copolymeres phosphones specifiques et particules inorganiques greffees par lesdits copolymeres |
CN103665382B (zh) * | 2012-09-24 | 2016-05-11 | 微宏动力系统(湖州)有限公司 | 硅硫聚合物、固体电解质及固态锂离子电池 |
CN106661249B (zh) * | 2014-06-13 | 2019-09-10 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 复合电解质膜及其制造方法 |
EP3048649A1 (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-27 | Yparex B.V. | Electronic device module |
CN108140862B (zh) * | 2015-07-08 | 2021-07-20 | 阿戈拉能量技术有限公司 | 具有基于二氧化碳的氧化还原对的氧化还原液流电池 |
KR102246525B1 (ko) * | 2017-06-29 | 2021-04-30 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | 막-전극 어셈블리, 이의 제조 방법 그리고 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3282875A (en) | 1964-07-22 | 1966-11-01 | Du Pont | Fluorocarbon vinyl ether polymers |
US4358545A (en) | 1980-06-11 | 1982-11-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Sulfonic acid electrolytic cell having flourinated polymer membrane with hydration product less than 22,000 |
US4940525A (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1990-07-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Low equivalent weight sulfonic fluoropolymers |
DE3837814C1 (ja) | 1988-11-08 | 1989-11-23 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | |
JPH03208206A (ja) * | 1990-01-09 | 1991-09-11 | Toray Ind Inc | 高分子固体電解質 |
DE4142129C1 (ja) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-01 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | |
CA2085549A1 (en) | 1991-12-25 | 1993-06-26 | Noboru Nakano | Fuel cell and electrolyte membrane therefor |
US5422411A (en) | 1993-09-21 | 1995-06-06 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Trifluorostyrene and substituted trifluorostyrene copolymeric compositions and ion-exchange membranes formed therefrom |
US5795668A (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1998-08-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fuel cell incorporating a reinforced membrane |
US6054230A (en) | 1994-12-07 | 2000-04-25 | Japan Gore-Tex, Inc. | Ion exchange and electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell |
US5919583A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1999-07-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Membranes containing inorganic fillers and membrane and electrode assemblies and electrochemical cells employing same |
US5795496A (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1998-08-18 | California Institute Of Technology | Polymer material for electrolytic membranes in fuel cells |
US5672439A (en) | 1995-12-18 | 1997-09-30 | Ballard Power Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reducing reactant crossover in an electrochemical fuel cell |
US5849428A (en) | 1996-05-01 | 1998-12-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Membrane for hydrogen and methanol fuel cell |
JP3535942B2 (ja) | 1996-08-29 | 2004-06-07 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | プロトン伝導体および同プロトン伝導体を用いた電気化学素子 |
DE19646487C2 (de) | 1996-11-11 | 1998-10-08 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Elektroden-Elektrolyt-Einheit für eine Brennstoffzelle |
US5981097A (en) | 1996-12-23 | 1999-11-09 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multiple layer membranes for fuel cells employing direct feed fuels |
US6130175A (en) | 1997-04-29 | 2000-10-10 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Integral multi-layered ion-exchange composite membranes |
DE19817376A1 (de) | 1998-04-18 | 1999-10-21 | Univ Stuttgart Lehrstuhl Und I | Säure-Base-Polymerblends und ihre Verwendung in Membranprozessen |
JP3513097B2 (ja) | 2000-09-29 | 2004-03-31 | 株式会社東芝 | プロトン伝導性膜およびそれを用いた燃料電池 |
JP4582740B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-12 | 2010-11-17 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | プロトン導電性物質 |
US6510047B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2003-01-21 | Eaton Corporation | Conductive heat sink |
CN101709115A (zh) * | 2003-02-06 | 2010-05-19 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 质子导电膜及其生产方法以及使用该质子导电膜的燃料电池 |
-
2003
- 2003-02-08 KR KR10-2003-0008007A patent/KR100493171B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-24 CN CNB031475671A patent/CN1287476C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-28 US US10/627,705 patent/US7179560B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-02-06 JP JP2004030823A patent/JP4861608B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050175880A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
CN1519970A (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
US7179560B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
KR100493171B1 (ko) | 2005-06-02 |
CN1287476C (zh) | 2006-11-29 |
KR20040072082A (ko) | 2004-08-18 |
JP2004241391A (ja) | 2004-08-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4861608B2 (ja) | 複合電解質膜及びこれを採用した燃料電池 | |
JP3768991B2 (ja) | ナノ複合電解質膜及びこれを採用した燃料電池 | |
JP4689581B2 (ja) | 燃料電池用高分子電解質膜、その製造方法及びこれを含む燃料電池用電極接合体 | |
WO1994019839A1 (fr) | Membrane d'echange d'ions pour cellule electrochimique | |
KR101223559B1 (ko) | 연료 전지용 고분자 전해질 막의 제조 방법 | |
JP4170973B2 (ja) | 末端スルホン酸基を含む高分子及びこれを採用した高分子電解質と燃料電池 | |
JP2015176648A (ja) | 樹脂付電極層、樹脂付電極複合体及びレドックスフロー二次電池 | |
JP2004335472A (ja) | プロトン伝導性高分子、前記高分子を含むプロトン伝導性高分子膜、その製造方法及びその高分子膜を採用した燃料電池 | |
KR101312262B1 (ko) | 고분자막, 그 제조방법 및 이를 채용한 연료전지 | |
JP4795676B2 (ja) | 高温無加湿燃料電池用ポリマー電解質膜および燃料電池 | |
JP5021910B2 (ja) | 改質された無機物,複合電解質膜,及び燃料電池 | |
US20100196790A1 (en) | Membrane and electrode assembly and fuel cell | |
JPH06349498A (ja) | ガス拡散電極、接合体、燃料電池及びそれらの製造方法 | |
KR100696460B1 (ko) | 수소이온 전도성 폴리머 | |
JP4823583B2 (ja) | 燃料電池用高分子膜/電極接合体及びこれを含む燃料電池 | |
JP3931027B2 (ja) | 固体高分子電解質、それを用いた固体高分子電解質膜、電極触媒被覆用溶液、膜/電極接合体及び燃料電池 | |
JP4530635B2 (ja) | 燃料電池用の電極触媒層 | |
JP2006059552A (ja) | 高温耐久性高分子固体電解質膜 | |
JP3911120B2 (ja) | 固体高分子電解質、その膜、その電極触媒被覆用溶液、それを用いた膜/電極接合体及び燃料電池 | |
JP4595159B2 (ja) | 電解質の改質方法及び改質電解質 | |
JP4658793B2 (ja) | プロトン伝導体,プロトン伝導体を含む高分子電解質とその製造方法,及びプロトン伝導体を用いた燃料電池 | |
JP2007084739A (ja) | イオン性基を有するポリマー、高分子電解質材料、高分子電解質部品、膜電極複合体および高分子電解質型燃料電池 | |
JP4742664B2 (ja) | イオン性基を有するポリマー、高分子電解質材料および高分子電解質型燃料電池 | |
JP2010536150A (ja) | 直接酸化型燃料電池用表面処理された炭化水素系高分子電解質膜 | |
JP2005203195A (ja) | 燃料電池用電解質膜及びその製造方法、燃料電池及びその製造方法、固体高分子膜電極アセンブリ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20060907 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100302 |
|
A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100531 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20101012 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20110111 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20110114 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20111011 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20111107 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20141111 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |